What does the direction of the cross in a swastika mean? Nazi swastika meaning

The version that it was Hitler who had the brilliant idea to make the swastika a symbol of the National Socialist movement belongs to the Fuhrer himself and was voiced in Mein Kampf. Probably, nine-year-old Adolf first saw a swastika on the wall of a Catholic monastery near the town of Lambach.

The swastika sign has been popular since ancient times. A cross with curved ends has appeared on coins, household items, and coats of arms since the eighth millennium BC. The swastika symbolized life, sun, and prosperity. Hitler could see the swastika again in Vienna on the emblem of Austrian anti-Semitic organizations.

By christening the archaic solar symbol the Hakenkreuz (Hakenkreuz is translated from German as hook cross), Hitler arrogated to himself the priority of the discoverer, although the idea of ​​the swastika as a political symbol had taken root in Germany before him. In 1920, Hitler, who was, albeit unprofessional and untalented, but still an artist, allegedly independently developed the design of the party logo, proposing a red flag with a white circle in the middle, in the center of which a hooked black swastika spread predatorily.

The color red, according to the leader of the National Socialists, was chosen in imitation of the Marxists who used it. Seeing a hundred and twenty thousand demonstration of leftist forces under scarlet banners, Hitler noted the active influence of the bloody color on the common man. In Mein Kampf, the Führer mentioned the "great psychological significance" of symbols and their ability to powerfully influence emotions. But it was precisely by controlling the emotions of the crowd that Hitler managed to introduce the ideology of his party to the masses in an unprecedented way.

By adding a swastika to the red color, Adolf gave a diametrically opposite meaning to the favorite color scheme of the socialists. By attracting the attention of the workers with the familiar color of the posters, Hitler carried out a “recruitment.”

In Hitler's interpretation, the red color personified the idea of ​​movement, white - the sky and nationalism, the hoe-shaped swastika - labor and the anti-Semitic struggle of the Aryans. Creative work was mysteriously interpreted as anti-Semitic.

In general, it is impossible to call Hitler the author of National Socialist symbols, contrary to his statements. He borrowed the color from the Marxists, the swastika and even the name of the party (slightly rearranging the letters) from the Viennese nationalists. The idea of ​​using symbolism is also plagiarism. It belongs to the oldest party member - a dentist named Friedrich Krohn, who submitted a memorandum to the party leadership back in 1919. However, the savvy dentist is not mentioned in the bible of National Socialism, Mein Kampf.

However, Kron put a different content into the decoding of symbols. The red color of the banner is love for the homeland, the white circle is a symbol of innocence for the outbreak of the First World War, the black color of the cross is grief over losing the war.

In Hitler’s interpretation, the swastika became a sign of the Aryan struggle against “subhumans.” The claws of the cross seem to be aimed at Jews, Slavs, and representatives of other peoples who do not belong to the race of “blond beasts.”

Unfortunately, the ancient positive sign was discredited by the National Socialists. The Nuremberg Tribunal in 1946 banned Nazi ideology and symbols. The swastika was also banned. Recently she has been somewhat rehabilitated. Roskomnadzor, for example, recognized in April 2015 that displaying this sign outside of a propaganda context is not an act of extremism. Although a “reprehensible past” cannot be erased from a biography, the swastika is used by some racist organizations.

Symbols were a powerful weapon in the Nazi transformation of society. Neither before nor since in history have symbols played such an important role in political life or been used so consciously. The national revolution, according to the Nazis, not only had to be carried out - it had to be visible.

The Nazis not only destroyed all those democratic social institutions established during the Weimar Republic, they also destroyed all external signs of democracy in the country. The National Socialists absorbed the state even more than Mussolini managed to do in Italy, and party symbols became part of the state symbols. The black, red and yellow banner of the Weimar Republic was replaced by the Nazi red, white and black with a swastika. The German state coat of arms was replaced by a new one, and the swastika took center stage.

The life of society at all levels was saturated with Nazi symbols. No wonder Hitler was interested in methods of influencing mass consciousness. Based on the opinion of the French sociologist Gustav Le Bon that it was best to control large groups of people through propaganda aimed at the feelings rather than the intellect, he created a gigantic propaganda apparatus that was supposed to convey to the masses the ideas of National Socialism in a simple, in an understandable and emotional way. Many official symbols appeared, each of which reflected part of the Nazi ideology. Symbols worked the same way as other propaganda: uniformity, repetition and mass production.

The Nazis' desire for total power over citizens was also manifested in the insignia that people from various fields had to wear. Members of political organizations or administrations wore cloth patches, badges of honor, and pinned badges with symbols that were approved by Goebbels' Propaganda Ministry.

Insignia were also used to separate those “unworthy” to participate in the construction of the new Reich. Jews, for example, had their passports stamped with the letter J (Jude, Jew) to control their entry and exit from the country. Jews were ordered to wear stripes on their clothes - a yellow six-pointed “Star of David” with the word Jude (“Jew”). This system was most widespread in concentration camps, where prisoners were divided into categories and forced to wear stripes indicating their belonging to a particular group. Often the stripes were triangular, like warning road signs. Different colors of stripes corresponded to different categories of prisoners. Blacks were worn by mentally handicapped people, alcoholics, lazy people, gypsies and women sent to concentration camps for so-called antisocial behavior: prostitution, lesbianism or for using contraceptives. Homosexual men were required to wear pink triangles, while members of the Jehovah's Witnesses sect wore purple ones. Red, the color of socialism so hated by the Nazis, was worn by “enemies of the state”: political prisoners, socialists, anarchists and freemasons. The stripes could be combined. For example, a Jewish homosexual was forced to wear a pink triangle on a yellow triangle. Together they created a two-color “Star of David”.

Swastika

The swastika is the most famous symbol of German National Socialism. This is one of the oldest and most widespread symbols in human history, which has been used in many cultures, at different times and in different parts of the world. Its origins are controversial.

The most ancient archaeological finds depicting a swastika are rock paintings on ceramic shards found in southeastern Europe, their age is more than 7 thousand years. The swastika is found there as part of the "alphabet" that was used in the Indus Valley during the Bronze Age, that is, 2600-1900 BC. Similar finds from the Bronze and Early Iron Ages were also discovered during excavations in the Caucasus.

Archaeologists have found swastikas not only in Europe, but also on objects found in Africa, South and North America. Most likely, this symbol was used completely independently in different regions.

The meaning of the swastika can vary depending on the culture. In Ancient China, for example, the swastika denoted the number 10,000 and then infinity. In Indian Jainism, it denotes the four levels of existence. In Hinduism, the swastika, in particular, symbolized the fire god Agni and the sky god Diaus.

Its names are also numerous. In Europe, the symbol was called “four-legged”, or cross gammadion, or even simply gammadion. The word “swastika” itself comes from Sanskrit and can be translated as “something that brings happiness.”

Swastika as an Aryan symbol

The transformation of the swastika from an ancient symbol of the sun and good luck to one of the most hated signs in the Western world began with the excavations of the German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann. In the 70s of the 19th century, Schliemann began excavating the ruins of ancient Troy near Hisarlik in the north of modern Turkey. On many of the finds, the archaeologist discovered a swastika, a symbol familiar to him from ancient pottery found during excavations in Koningswalde in Germany. Therefore, Schliemann decided that he had found the missing link connecting the Germanic ancestors, Greece of the Homeric era and the mythical India glorified in the Mahabharata and Ramayana.

Schliemann consulted with the orientalist and racial theorist Emil Burnauf, who argued that the swastika is a stylized image (viewed from above) of the burning altar of the ancient Aryans. Since the Aryans worshiped fire, the swastika was their main religious symbol, Burnauf concluded.

The discovery caused a sensation in Europe, especially in the recently united Germany, where the ideas of Burnauf and Schliemann met with a warm response. Gradually, the swastika lost its original meaning and began to be considered an exclusively Aryan symbol. Its distribution was considered a geographical indication of where exactly the ancient “supermen” were located in one or another historical period. More sober scientists resisted such a simplification and pointed to cases where the swastika was discovered outside the region of distribution of Indo-European languages.

Gradually, the swastika began to be given an increasingly anti-Semitic meaning. Burnauf argued that Jews did not accept the swastika. Polish writer Mikael Zmigrodski published the book Die Mutter bei den Völkern des arischen Stammes in 1889, which portrayed the Aryans as a pure race that did not allow mixing with Jews. That same year, at the World's Fair in Paris, Zmigrodski organized an exhibition of archaeological finds with swastikas. Two years later, the German scholar Ernst Ludwig Krause wrote Tuisko-Land, der arischen Stämme und Götter Urheimat, in which the swastika appeared as an obviously anti-Semitic symbol of popular nationalism.

Hitler and the swastika flag

The National Socialist Party of Germany (NSDAP) formally adopted the swastika as its party symbol in 1920. Hitler was not yet chairman of the party, but was responsible for propaganda issues in it. He understood that the party needed something that would distinguish it from competing groups and at the same time attract the masses.

After making several sketches of the banner, Hitler chose the following: a black swastika in a white circle on a red background. The colors were borrowed from the old imperial banner, but expressed the dogmas of National Socialism. In his autobiography Mein Kampf, Hitler then explained: “The color red is social thought in motion, the white represents nationalism, and the swastika is the symbol of the Aryan struggle and their victory, which is thus the victory of the idea of ​​creative work, which in itself has always been anti-Semitic and will always be anti-Semitic.”

Swastika as a national symbol

In May 1933, just months after Hitler came to power, a law was passed to protect “national symbols.” According to this law, the swastika could not be depicted on foreign objects and commercial use of the sign was also prohibited.

In July 1935, the German merchant ship Bremen entered the port of New York. A Nazi flag with a swastika flew next to the German national flag. Hundreds of trade union and American Communist Party members gathered on the pier for an anti-Nazi rally. The demonstration turned into riots; agitated workers climbed aboard the Bremen, tore off the swastika flag and threw it into the water. The incident led to the German ambassador in Washington demanding a formal apology from the American government four days later. The Americans refused to apologize, citing the fact that disrespect was not shown to the national flag, but only to the flag of the Nazi party.

The Nazis managed to use this incident to their own advantage. Hitler called it "a humiliation of the German people." And to prevent this from happening in the future, the status of the swastika was raised to the level of a national symbol.

On September 15, 1935, the first of the so-called Nuremberg Laws came into force. It legitimized the colors of the German state: red, white and black, and the flag with the swastika became the state flag of Germany. In November of the same year, this banner was introduced into the army. During World War II it spread to all Nazi-occupied countries.

Swastika cult

However, in the Third Reich, the swastika was not a symbol of state power, but primarily an expression of the worldview of National Socialism. During their reign, the Nazis created a cult of the swastika that resembled a religion rather than the usual political use of symbols. The huge mass gatherings organized by the Nazis were like religious ceremonies, with Hitler playing the role of high priest. During party days in Nuremberg, for example, Hitler exclaimed from the stage “Heil!” - and hundreds of thousands of Nazis answered in unison: “Heil, my Fuhrer”! With bated breath, the huge crowd watched as huge swastika banners slowly unfurled to the solemn drumbeat.

This cult also included special veneration of the banner, preserved since the Beer Hall Putsch in Munich in 1923, when several Nazis were shot dead by the police. The legend claimed that a few drops of blood fell on the cloth. Ten years later, after coming to power, Hitler ordered the delivery of this flag from the archives of the Bavarian police. And since then, each new army standard or flag with a swastika went through a special ceremony, during which the new banner touched this banner, sprinkled with blood, which became a Nazi relic.

The cult of the swastika as a symbol of the Aryan race was supposed to eventually replace Christianity. Since Nazi ideology presented the world as a struggle between races and peoples, Christianity with its Jewish roots was in their eyes further proof that previously Aryan regions had been “conquered” by Jews. Towards the end of World War II, the Nazis developed far-reaching plans to transform the German church into a "national" church. All Christian symbols were to be replaced by Nazi ones. Party ideologist Alfred Rosenberg wrote that all crosses, Bibles and images of saints should be removed from churches. Instead of the Bible, there should be Mein Kampf on the altar, and to the left of the altar there should be a sword. Crosses in all churches should be replaced by "the only invincible symbol - the swastika."

Post-war time

After World War II, the swastika in the Western world was so associated with the atrocities and crimes of Nazism that it completely obscured all other interpretations. Today in the West, the swastika is associated primarily with Nazism and right-wing extremism. In Asia, the swastika sign is still considered positive, although some Buddhist temples from the mid-20th century began to decorate only left-handed swastikas, although previously signs of both directions were used.

National symbols

Just as the Italian fascists presented themselves as the modern heirs of the Roman Empire, the Nazis sought to prove their connection to ancient German history. It was not for nothing that Hitler called the state he conceived the Third Reich. The first large-scale state formation was the German-Roman Empire, which existed in one form or another for almost a thousand years, from 843 to 1806. A second attempt to create a German empire, made in 1871, when Bismarck united the North German states under Prussian leadership, failed with Germany's defeat in the First World War.

German National Socialism, like Italian fascism, was an extreme form of nationalism. This was expressed in their borrowing of signs and symbols from the early history of the Germans. These include the combination of red, white and black colors, as well as the symbols that were used by the militaristic authorities during the Prussian Empire.

Scull

The image of a skull is one of the most common symbols in human history. It had different meanings in different cultures. In the West, the skull is traditionally associated with death, with the passage of time, with the finitude of life. Drawings of the skull existed in ancient times, but became more noticeable in the 15th century: they appeared in large numbers in all cemeteries and mass graves associated with the plague epidemic. In Sweden, death was depicted in church paintings as a skeleton.

Associations associated with the skull have always been a suitable symbol for those groups who either wanted to scare people or emphasize their own contempt for death. A well-known example is the West Indian pirates of the 17th and 18th centuries, who used black flags with the image of a skull, often combining it with other symbols: a sword, an hourglass or bones. For the same reasons, the skull and crossbones began to be used to indicate danger in other areas. For example, in chemistry and medicine, a skull and crossbones on a label means that the drug is poisonous and dangerous to life.

The SS men wore metal badges with skulls on their hats. The same sign was used in the Life Hussar units of the Prussian Guard back in the time of Frederick the Great, in 1741. In 1809, the "Black Corps" of the Duke of Brunswick wore a black uniform with a skull without a lower jaw.

Both of these options - a skull and crossbones or a skull without a lower jaw - existed in the German army during the First World War. In elite units, these symbols meant combat courage and contempt for death. When, in June 1916, the Engineer Regiment of the First Guard received the right to wear a white skull on the sleeve, the commander addressed the soldiers with the following speech: “I am convinced that this insignia of the new detachment will always be worn as a sign of contempt for death and fighting spirit.”

After the war, German units that refused to recognize the Treaty of Versailles chose the skull as their symbol. Some of them became part of Hitler's personal guard, which later became the SS. In 1934, the SS leadership officially approved the version of the skull that is still used by neo-Nazis today. The skull was also the symbol of the SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf". This division was originally recruited from concentration camp guards. The ring with a “death’s head”, that is, with a skull, was also an honorary award that Himmler presented to distinguished and deserving SS men.

For both the Prussian army and the soldiers of the imperial units, the skull was a symbol of blind loyalty to the commander and the willingness to follow him to death. This meaning also transferred to the SS symbol. “We wear a skull on our black caps as a warning to the enemy and as a sign of our readiness to sacrifice our lives for the sake of the Fuhrer and his ideals,” said SS man Alois Rosenwink.

Since the image of the skull was widely used in a variety of areas, in our time it turned out to be the symbol least associated with Nazi ideology. The most famous modern Nazi organization to use a skull in its symbolism is the British Combat 18.

iron Cross

The Iron Cross was originally a military order established by the Prussian King Frederick William III in March 1813. Now this is the name given to both the order itself and the image of the cross on it.

The Iron Cross of various degrees was awarded to soldiers and officers of four wars. First in Prussia's war against Napoleon in 1813, then during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871, and then during the First World War. The order symbolized not only courage and honor, but was closely connected with the German cultural tradition. For example, during the Prussian-Austrian War of 1866, the “Iron Cross” was not awarded, since it was considered a war of two fraternal peoples.

With the outbreak of World War II, Hitler revived the order. A cross was added to the center and the ribbon colors were changed to black, red and white. However, the tradition of indicating the year of issue has been preserved. That's why Nazi versions of the Iron Cross are marked with the year 1939. During World War II, approximately 3.5 million Iron Crosses were awarded. In 1957, when the wearing of Nazi symbols was banned in West Germany, war veterans were given the opportunity to turn in their orders and get back the same ones, but without the swastika.

The symbolism of the order has a long history. The Christian cross, which began to be used in Ancient Rome in the 4th century BC, originally signified the salvation of mankind through the martyrdom of Christ on the cross and the resurrection of Christ. As Christianity became militarized during the Crusades in the 12th and 13th centuries, the symbol's meaning expanded to include the crusader virtues of courage, loyalty and honor.

One of the many orders of chivalry that arose at that time was the Teutonic Order. In 1190, during the siege of Acre in Palestine, merchants from Bremen and Lübeck founded a field hospital. Two years later, the Teutonic Order received formal status from the Pope, who endowed it with a symbol: a black cross on a white background, called a cross patté. The cross is equilateral, its crossbars are curved and widen from the center to the ends.

Over time, the Teutonic Order grew in number and its importance increased. During the Crusades in Eastern Europe in the 13th and 14th centuries, the Teutonic Knights conquered significant territories in what is now Poland and Germany. In 1525, the order underwent secularization, and the lands that belonged to it became part of the Duchy of Prussia. The black and white knight's cross existed in Prussian heraldry until 1871, when a stylized version with straight bars became the symbol of the German war machine.

Thus, the iron cross, like many other symbols that were used in Hitler's Germany, is not a Nazi political symbol, but a military one. Therefore, it is not prohibited in modern Germany, unlike purely fascist symbols, and is still used in the Bundeswehr army. However, neo-Nazis began to use it during their gatherings instead of the banned swastika. And instead of the prohibited banner of the Third Reich, they use the military flag of Imperial Germany.

The Iron Cross is also common among biker groups. It is also found in popular subcultures, for example, among surfers. Variants of the Iron Cross are found in the logos of various companies.

Wolf hook

In 1910, the German writer Hermann Löns published a historical novel called Werwolf (Werewolf). The book takes place in a German village during the Thirty Years' War. We are talking about the struggle of the peasant son Garm Wolf against the legionnaires who, like insatiable wolves, terrorize the population. The hero of the novel makes his symbol the “wolf hook” - a crossbar with two sharp hooks at the ends. The novel became extremely popular, especially in nationalist circles, because of its romantic image of German peasants.

Lens was killed in France during the First World War. However, his popularity continued in the Third Reich. By order of Hitler in 1935, the writer's remains were transferred and buried on German soil. The novel "Werewolf" was reprinted several times, and this sign was often depicted on the cover, which was included in the number of state-sanctioned symbols.

After defeat in the First World War and the collapse of the empire, the wolf hook became a symbol of national resistance against the policies of the victors. It was used by various nationalist groups - the Jungnationalen Bundes and the Deutschen Pfadfinderbundes, and one volunteer corps even took the name of the novel "Werewolf".

The wolf hook sign (Wolfsangel) has existed in Germany for many hundreds of years. Its origin is not entirely clear. The Nazis claim that the sign is pagan, citing its similarity to the Old Norse rune i, but there is no evidence of this. The “wolf hook” was carved on buildings by members of the medieval guild of masons who traveled around Europe and built cathedrals back in the 14th century (the Masons or “freemasons” were then formed from these artisans). Later, starting from the 17th century, the sign was included in the heraldry of many noble families and city coats of arms. According to some versions, the shape of the sign resembles a tool that was used to hang wolf carcasses after a hunt, but this theory is probably based on the name of the symbol. The word Wolfsangel itself is first mentioned in the heraldic dictionary Wapenkunst of 1714, but denotes a completely different symbol.

Various versions of the symbol were used by young “wolf cubs” from the Hitler Youth and in the military apparatus. The most famous examples of the use of this symbol: patches with a “wolf hook” were worn by the Second SS Panzer Division Das Reich, the Eighth Panzer Regiment, the Fourth SS Motorized Infantry Division, and the Dutch SS Volunteer Grenadier Division Landstorm Nederland. In Sweden, this symbol was used in the 1930s by the youth wing of Lindholm’s movement “Youth of the North” (Nordisk Ungdom).

At the end of World War II, the Nazi regime began to create a kind of partisan groups that were supposed to fight the enemy who entered German soil. Influenced by Lens's novels, these groups also began to be called "Werewolf", and in 1945 their distinctive sign became the "wolf hook". Some of these groups continued to fight against the Allied forces after the surrender of Germany, for which today's neo-Nazis began to mythologize them.

The Wolfhook can also be depicted vertically, with the points pointing up and down. In this case, the symbol is called Donnerkeil - “lightning”.

Working class symbols

Before Hitler got rid of the socialist faction of the NSDAP during the Night of the Long Knives, the party also used the symbols of the labor movement - primarily in the SA assault troops. In particular, like the Italian fascist militants a decade earlier, the revolutionary black banner was seen in Germany in the early 1930s. Sometimes it was completely black, sometimes it was combined with symbols such as a swastika, a wolf hook or a skull. Nowadays black banners are found almost exclusively among anarchists.

Hammer and sword

In the Weimar Republic of the 1920s, there were political groups that tried to combine socialist ideas with the völkische ideology. This was reflected in attempts to create symbols that combined elements of these two ideologies. Most often among them there was a hammer and a sword.

The hammer was drawn from the symbolism of the developing labor movement at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. The symbols that glorified workers were taken from a set of ordinary tools. The most famous were, naturally, the hammer and sickle, which in 1922 were adopted as symbols of the newly formed Soviet Union.

The sword has traditionally served as a symbol of struggle and power, and in many cultures it was also an integral part of various war gods, for example, the god Mars in Roman mythology. In National Socialism, the sword became a symbol of the struggle for the purity of a nation or race and existed in many variations.

The symbol of the sword contained the idea of ​​the future “unity of the people,” which workers and soldiers were supposed to achieve after the revolution. For several months in 1924, left-wing radical and later nationalist Sepp Oerter published a newspaper called Hammer and Sword, whose logo used the symbol of two crossed hammers intersecting with a sword.

And in Hitler's NSDAP there were leftist movements - primarily represented by the brothers Gregor and Otto Strasser. The Strasser brothers published books at the Rhein-Ruhr and Kampf publishing houses. Both firms used the hammer and sword as their emblem. The symbol was also found in the early stages of the existence of the Hitler Youth, before Hitler dealt with all socialist elements in the Nazi movement in 1934.

Gear

Most of the symbols used in the Third Reich have existed in one form or another for hundreds and sometimes thousands of years. But the gear belongs to much later symbols. It began to be used only after the industrial revolution of the 18th and 18th centuries. The symbol denoted technology in general, technical progress and mobility. Because of its direct connection with industrial development, the gear became a symbol of factory workers.

The first in Hitler's Germany to use the gear as its symbol was the Technical Department (Technische Nothilfe, TENO, TENO), founded back in 1919. This organization, where the letter T in the shape of a hammer and the letter N were placed inside the gear, provided technical support to various right-wing extremist groups. TENO was responsible for the operation and protection of such important industries as water supply and gas. Over time, TENO joined the German military machine and began to report directly to Himmler.

After Hitler came to power in 1933, all trade unions were banned in the country. Instead of unions, workers were united in the German Labor Front (DAF, DAF). The same gear was chosen as a symbol, but with a swastika inside, and workers were required to wear these badges on their clothes. Similar badges, a gear with an eagle, were awarded to aviation maintenance workers - the Luftwaffe.

The gear itself is not a Nazi symbol. It is used by workers' organizations in different countries - both socialist and non-socialist. Among the skinhead movement, which dates back to the British labor movement of the 1960s, it is also a common symbol.

Modern neo-Nazis use the gear when they want to emphasize their working-class origins and contrast themselves with the “cuffers,” that is, clean-cut employees. In order not to be confused with the left, neo-Nazis combine the gear with purely fascist, right-wing symbols.

A striking example is the international skinhead organization Hammerskins. In the center of the gear they place the numbers 88 or 14, which are used exclusively in Nazi circles.

Symbols of the ancient Germans

Many Nazi symbols were borrowed from the occult neo-pagan movement, which existed in the form of anti-Semitic sects even before the formation of the Nazi parties in Germany and Austria. In addition to the swastika, this symbolism included signs from the pre-Christian era of the history of the ancient Germans, such as “irminsul” and “hammer of the god Thor.”

Irminsul

In the pre-Christian era, many pagans had a tree or pillar in the center of the village, around which religious rites were performed. The ancient Germans called such a pillar “irminsul”. This word consists of the name of the ancient Germanic god Irmin and the word “sul”, meaning pillar. In northern Europe, the name Jörmun, consonant with "Irmin", was one of the names of the god Odin, and many scholars suggest that the Germanic "irminsul" is associated with the World Tree Yggdrasil in Old Norse mythology.

In 772, the Christian Charlemagne razed the pagan cult center in the sacred grove of Externsteine ​​in modern Saxony. In the 20s of the 20th century, at the instigation of the German Wilhelm Teudt, a theory arose that the most important Irminsul of the ancient Germans was located there. A relief carved into stone by 12th-century monks was cited as evidence. The relief shows an irminsul, bent under the image of Saint Nicodemus and a cross - a symbol of the victory of Christianity over paganism.

In 1928, Teudt founded the Society for the Study of Ancient Germanic History, whose symbol was the “straightened” irminsul from the relief in Externstein. After the Nazis came to power in 1933, the Society fell into the sphere of interests of Himmler, and in 1940 it became part of the German Society for the Study of Ancient German History and Heritage of Ancestors (Ahnenerbe).

The Ahnenerbe, created by Himmler in 1935, studied the history of the German tribes, but the results of research that did not fit into the National Socialist doctrine of racial purity could not be published. The irminsul became the symbol of the Ahnenerbe, and many employees of the institute wore small silver jewelry that reproduced the relief image. This sign is still used by neo-Nazis and neo-pagans to this day.

Runes

The Nazis considered the Third Reich to be the direct successor of ancient German culture, and it was important for them to prove the right to be called the heirs of the Aryans. In pursuit of evidence, the runes caught their attention.

Runes are the writing signs of the pre-Christian era of the peoples inhabiting northern Europe. Just as the letters of the Latin alphabet correspond to sounds, each runic sign corresponded to a specific sound. Runic writings of different variants, carved on stones at different times and in different regions, have been preserved. It is assumed that each rune, like each letter of the alphabet, had its own name. However, everything we know about runic writing comes not from primary sources, but from later medieval records and even later Gothic script, so it is unknown whether this information is correct.

One of the problems for Nazi research into runic signs was that there were not too many such stones in Germany itself. Research was mainly based on the study of stones with runic inscriptions found in the European North, most often in Scandinavia. Scientists supported by the Nazis found a way out: they argued that the half-timbered buildings widespread in Germany, with their wooden posts and braces, giving the building a decorative and expressive appearance, repeated the way runes were written. It was understood that in this “architectural and construction method” the people supposedly preserved the secret of the runic inscriptions. This trick led to the discovery in Germany of a huge number of “runes”, the meaning of which could be interpreted in the most fantastic way. However, beams or logs in half-timbered structures, of course, cannot be “read” as text. The Nazis solved this problem too. Without any reason, it was announced that in ancient times each individual rune had a certain hidden meaning, an “image” that only initiates could read and understand.

Serious researchers who studied runes only as writing lost their subsidies because they became “renegades”, apostates from Nazi ideology. At the same time, quasi-scientists who adhered to the theory sanctioned from above received significant funds at their disposal. As a result, almost all research work was aimed at finding evidence of the Nazi view of history and, in particular, at searching for the ritual meaning of runic signs. In 1942, runes became the official holiday symbols of the Third Reich.

Guido von Liszt

The main representative of these ideas was the Austrian Guido von List. A supporter of occultism, he devoted half his life to the revival of the “Aryan-Germanic” past and at the beginning of the 20th century was a central figure among anti-Semitic societies and associations involved in astrology, theosophy and other occult activities.

Von List was engaged in what was called “medium writing” in occult circles: with the help of meditation, he immersed himself in a trance and in this state “saw” fragments of ancient German history. Coming out of his trance, he wrote down his “visions.” Von List argued that the faith of the Germanic tribes was a kind of mystical “natural religion” - Wotanism, which was served by a special caste of priests, the “Armans”. In his opinion, these priests used runic signs as magical symbols.

Further, the “medium” described the Christianization of Northern Europe and the expulsion of the Armans, who were forced to hide their faith. However, their knowledge did not disappear, and the secrets of runic signs were preserved by the German people for centuries. With the help of his “supernatural” abilities, von List could find and “read” these hidden symbols everywhere: from the names of German localities, coats of arms, Gothic architecture and even the names of different types of baked goods.

After an ophthalmic operation in 1902, von List saw nothing for eleven months. It was at this time that his most powerful visions visited him, and he created his own “alphabet” or runic series of 18 characters. This series, which had nothing in common with the scientifically accepted one, included runes from different times and localities. But, despite its anti-science, it greatly influenced the perception of runic signs not only by the Germans in general, but also by the Nazi “scientists” who studied runes in the Ahnenerbe.

The magical meaning that von List attributed to runic writing has been used by the Nazis from the time of the Third Reich to the present day.

Rune of Life

“Rune of Life” is the Nazi name of the fifteenth in the Old Norse series and the fourteenth in the series of Viking runes of the runic sign. Among the ancient Scandinavians, the sign was called “mannar” and meant a man or a person.

For the Nazis, it meant life and was always used when talking about health, family life or the birth of children. Therefore, the “rune of life” became the emblem of the women’s branch of the NSDAP and other women’s associations. In combination with a cross inscribed in a circle and an eagle, this sign was the emblem of the Union of German Families, and together with the letter A - a symbol of pharmacies. This rune replaced the Christian star in newspaper birth announcements and near the date of birth on tombstones.

The “Rune of Life” was widely used on stripes that were awarded for merit in a variety of organizations. For example, the girls of the Health Service wore this emblem in the form of an oval patch with a red rune on a white background. The same badge was issued to members of the Hitler Youth who had undergone medical training. All doctors initially used the international symbol of healing: the snake and the bowl. However, in the Nazis' desire to reform society down to the smallest detail, this sign was replaced in 1938. The “Rune of Life”, but on a black background, could also be received by SS men.

Rune of Death

This runic sign, the sixteenth in a series of Viking runes, became known among the Nazis as the "death rune". The symbol was used to glorify the murdered SS men. It replaced the Christian cross in newspaper obituaries and death notices. They began to depict it on gravestones instead of a cross. It was also placed at the sites of mass graves on the fronts of World War II.

This sign was also used by Swedish right-wing extremists in the 30s and 40s. For example, the “death rune” was printed in the announcement of the death of a certain Hans Linden, who fought on the side of the Nazis and was killed on the Eastern Front in 1942.

Modern neo-Nazis naturally follow the traditions of Hitler's Germany. In 1994, an obituary on the death of the fascist Per Engdahl was published under this rune in a Swedish newspaper called “Torch of Freedom”. A year later, in the newspaper “Valhall and the Future,” which was published by the West Swedish Nazi movement NS Gothenburg, under this symbol, an obituary was published on the death of Eskil Ivarsson, who in the 30s was an active member of the Swedish fascist Lindholm Party. The 21st century Nazi organization “Salem Foundation” still sells patches in Stockholm with images of the “life rune”, “death rune” and a torch.

Rune Hagal

The rune, meaning the sound “x” (“h”), looked different in the ancient runic series and in the newer Scandinavian one. The Nazis used both signs. "Hagal" is an old form of the Swedish "hagel", which means "hail".

The hagal rune was a popular symbol of the völkische movement. Guido von List put a deep symbolic meaning into this sign - the connection of man with the eternal laws of nature. In his opinion, the sign called on a person to “embrace the Universe in order to master it.” This meaning was borrowed by the Third Reich, where the hagal rune personified absolute faith in Nazi ideology. In addition, an anti-Semitic magazine called Hagal was published.

The rune was used by the SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen on flags and badges. In its Scandinavian form, the rune was depicted on a high award - the SS ring, and also accompanied the weddings of SS men.

In modern times, the rune has been used by the Swedish party Hembygd, the right-wing extremist group Heimdal, and the small Nazi group People's Socialists.

Rune Odal

The Odal rune is the last, 24th rune of the Old Scandinavian series of runic signs. Its sound corresponds to the pronunciation of the Latin letter O, and its shape goes back to the letter “omega” of the Greek alphabet. The name is derived from the name of the corresponding sign in the Gothic alphabet, which is reminiscent of the Old Norse “property, land.” This is one of the most common signs in Nazi symbols.

Nationalist romanticism of the 19th century idealized the simple and close to nature life of peasants, emphasizing love for their native village and homeland in general. The Nazis continued this romantic line, and the Odal rune gained special significance in their “blood and soil” ideology.

The Nazis believed that there was some mystical connection between the people and the land where they lived. This idea was formulated and developed in two books written by SS member Walter Darre.

After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Darré was appointed Minister of Agriculture. Two years earlier, he headed a subsection of the SS, which in 1935 became the state-owned Central Office for Race and Resettlement Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt (RuSHA), whose task was to put into practice the basic Nazi idea of ​​racial purity. In particular, in this institution they checked the purity of the race of SS members and their future wives, here they determined which children in the occupied territories were “Aryan” enough to be kidnapped and taken to Germany, here they decided which of the “non-Aryans” should be killed after sexual relations with a German man or woman. The symbol of this department was the Odal rune.

Odal was worn on the collars by soldiers of the SS Volunteer Mountain Division, which both recruited volunteers and took by force “ethnic Germans” from the Balkan Peninsula and Romania. During World War II, this division operated in Croatia.

Rune Zig

The Nazis considered the Sieg rune a sign of strength and victory. The ancient Germanic name for the rune was sowlio, meaning "sun". The Anglo-Saxon name for the rune, sigel, also means “sun,” but Guido von List mistakenly associated this word with the German word for victory, “Sieg.” From this error arose the meaning of the rune that still exists among neo-Nazis.

The “Sig Rune,” as it is called, is one of the most famous signs in the symbolism of Nazism. First of all, because the SS men wore this double badge on their collars. In 1933, the first such patches, designed in the early 1930s by SS man Walter Heck, were sold by the textile factory of Ferdinand Hoffstatters to SS units at a price of 2.50 Reichsmarks per piece. The honor of wearing the double “zig rune” on the collars of the uniform was first awarded to part of Adolf Hitler’s personal guard.

They also wore a double “zig rune” in combination with the image of a key in the SS Panzer Division “Hitler Youth” formed in 1943, which recruited youth from the organization of the same name. The single “zig rune” was the emblem of the Jungfolk organization, which taught the basics of Nazi ideology to children from 10 to 14 years old.

Rune Tyr

The Tyr rune is another sign that was borrowed by the Nazis from the pre-Christian era. The rune is pronounced like the letter T and also denotes the name of the god Tyr.

The god Tyr was traditionally viewed as the god of war, therefore, the rune symbolized struggle, battle and victory. Graduates of the officer school wore a bandage with the image of this sign on their left arm. The symbol was also used by the Volunteer Panzer Grenadier Division "30 January".

A special cult around this rune was created in the Hitler Youth, where all activities were aimed at individual and group rivalry. The Tyr rune reflected this spirit - and meetings of Hitler Youth members were decorated with Tyr runes of colossal size. In 1937, the so-called “Adolf Hitler Schools” were created, where the most capable students were prepared for important positions in the administration of the Third Reich. The students of these schools wore the double "rune of Tyr" as an emblem.

In Sweden in the 1930s, this symbol was used by the Northern Youth organization, a division of the Swedish Nazi party NSAP.

I was forced to turn to this topic by long-term observations and reflections on some stable forms in architecture, religious and state symbols, folk celebrations and everything that usually falls under the concept of “tradition”. Traditions are passed down from generation to generation and are preserved for centuries and millennia; sometimes they outlive the states, languages ​​and ethnic groups that created them. Traditions carry historical information no less, and perhaps even more, than ancient papyri and books, but we do not yet know how to extract this information.

Tradition Four

Swastika or Kolovrat

The swastika was found on clay vessels from the territory of modern Iraq, which date back to the 5th millennium BC, and in ornaments on ceramics of the South Ural Andronovo culture. Left- and right-sided swastikas are found in pre-Aryan culture in the Indus River basin and in ancient China around 2000 BC (http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%E2%E0%F1%F2%E8%EA %E0).

In 1874, Heinrich Schliemann discovered images of the swastika during excavations of Homer's Troy. During the Celtic period, the swastika was depicted on the altars of druidic cults, and it was often used in religious rituals. The history of this symbol goes back thousands of years, to the times of Ancient Egypt and India. It is interpreted as an ancient symbol of fertility, and as a symbol of the sun, and as the hammer of Thor - the god of thunder, storms and fertility.

The concept of building a single brick of the Universe was developed, which is used in all hierarchical structures of the Universe, regardless of its size, be it a photon, an atom or a Galaxy. According to this concept, any hierarchical structure must have symmetry - it must simultaneously be located in two of its own spherical spaces: left-handed and right-handed, between which exchange processes occur. In this case, one of the spaces (right) is radiating dynamic, and the other (left) is absorbing. These spaces are not mirror images of each other, they are asymmetrical.

According to Tao, the Universe is powered by the energy of two principles: the active radiating male principle Yang (in our case, this is the right space) and the passive absorbing female Yin (left space).

It seems that the division of Nature into living and nonliving is a human invention. Nature itself does not make such distinctions: the same type of metabolic processes occur in both. An example of this is the ancient mysterious sign of the Swastika - it is both a symbol of the Universe and Eternity, and a symbol of the movement of matter at all hierarchical levels of its existence - be it an atom, a galaxy, a mineral, a living cell or a person.

However, due to the interpretations of medieval European scholastics, as well as the criminal actions of the fascists, a blatant injustice has occurred: The swastika was dishonored and experienced its spiritual death, turning from a symbol of Eternal Life into a force of destruction. But let's hope that this phenomenon is temporary and justice will prevail.

Translated from Sanskrit, “swastika” means “symbol of pure existence and well-being.” In India, Tibet, Mongolia and China, swastika signs still decorate the domes and gates of temples today. Hitler, when he decided to make the swastika a state symbol, hoped that the swastika would bring him and the Third Reich good luck, but in his actions he clearly did not move towards the Right (the right-hand direction of the swastika), so the swastika led the Third Reich to defeat.

In society after the Second World War, an extremely negative attitude towards the swastika strengthened; for some reason the peoples of the world believed that the fault of this war was not Adolf Hitler and his party, but the swastika - a symbol that was widespread during the time of the Aryans.

Poor swastika! So the fascists spoiled you with their crazy ideas and their criminal actions!

But a lot of time has passed since Soviet soldiers planted the red flag of victory at the Reichstag; there are few veterans of that war left alive, for whom the swastika is just a fascist sign and nothing more. But the swastika, or Kolovrat, is the oldest Aryan symbol, most likely a talisman, and not a sign of aggression. This is a Russian sign, and it is no less Russian than German, because the ancestral home of the Aryans is the territory of the European part of Rus'-Russia, and the Aryans of Western Europe and the Aryans of India and Pakistan are those who left the ancestral home of their ancestors in search of the promised lands.

Therefore, it turns out that fascist Germany in 1941 attacked its distant relatives, who turned out to be more faithful to the customs of their distant Aryan ancestors than the Germans. So maybe the Kolovrat on the military uniform of the fascists did not help them, but helped us - Russian-Russian-Soviet? This is the issue we will try to understand now.

It turns out that the sleeve emblems of soldiers and officers of the Red Army of the South-Eastern Front in 1918 were also decorated with a swastika with the abbreviation RSFSR. This symbol is often found in ancient Russian ornaments in the Arkhangelsk and Vologda regions; it traditionally decorated the homes and clothing of the Rus. The ancient city of Arkaim, discovered by archaeologists in 1986 in the Southern Urals, had the structure of a swastika. Having studied the distribution of the swastika in space and time, I became convinced that this symbol is even more ancient than the Aryan past, otherwise how could it have ended up among the Indians of North America?

In ancient times, when runes were still used for writing in Rus', the swastika meant “Coming from Heaven.” It was the rune SVA - Heaven (Svarog - Heavenly God). (Information from the site: http://planeta.moy.su/blog/svastika)

Galaxies can also be twisted in different directions. In the photo on the left, the galaxy is rotating to the left, and in the photo on the right, it is rotating to the right. What this is connected with is still unknown. One can only assume that the ejection of matter from a black hole located in the center of galaxies is asymmetrical; more of it is ejected in one direction and at a higher speed. Both photos are taken from the NASA website.

The swastika continues to be used in the United States to this day. In Squaw Valley in 2000, they tried to accuse one cattle owner of sympathizing with Nazism only on the grounds that he branded his cattle with a swastika brand, inherited from his fathers and grandfathers.

In 1995, in the town of Glendale (California), a group of anti-fascists tried to force the city authorities to replace 930 lampposts installed on the city streets in 1924-1926, since their cast-iron pedestals of these pillars were surrounded by swastika ornaments. The local history society had to prove that the poles, purchased at one time from a metallurgical company from Ohio, had nothing to do with the Nazis, and therefore could not offend anyone’s feelings, and the swastika design was based on the local traditions of the Navajo Indians (http ://www.slavianin.ru/svastika/stati/vedicheskie-simvoly-v-amerike.html).

The swastika with a lily in the center was depicted on the “gratitude badges” of Boy Scouts until 1940. The founder of the scouting movement, Robert Baden-Powell, then explained that it depicts a schematic map of Atlantis with 4 rivers flowing from a single center.

Items with the image of a swastika are often found by archaeologists during excavations in different parts of Europe and Asia. Sometimes swastikas decorate weapons, and more often very peaceful things like pots and combs.

The left-handed swastika in the royal family in Russia was used as a talisman and as a symbolic reflection of the personality of the king. Before her execution in 1918, the former empress drew a swastika on the wall of Ipatiev’s house. The owner of the photograph of this swastika was General Alexander Kutepov. Kutepov kept the icon found on the body of the former empress.

Inside the icon there was a note that commemorated the Green Dragon society. The Green Society, akin to the Thule Society, is still located in Tibet today. Before Hitler came to power, there lived a Tibetan lama in Berlin, nicknamed “the man with green gloves.” Hitler visited him regularly. This lama allegedly reported to the newspapers three times without error how many Nazis would be elected to the Reichstag. The initiates called the lama “the holder of the keys to the kingdom of Agartha.”

In 1926, colonies of Tibetans and Hindus appeared in Berlin and Munich. When the Nazis gained access to Reich finances, they began sending large expeditions to Tibet; These studies were not interrupted until 1943. On the day when Soviet troops ended the battle for Berlin, about a thousand bodies of people from Tibet were found among the corpses of the last defenders of Nazism.

Ignorant London reviewers of the film about the Romanovs called Empress Alexandra Feodorovna a “fascist Brünnhilde.” And the empress just consecrated Ipatiev’s house with a “talisman”, according to the ancient Aryan tradition, anticipating the end of her life.

Once upon a time, the ancient Aryans, who moved from the regions of the Russian Plain in a southern and southeastern direction, brought the swastika to Mesopotamia, Central Asia, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India - this is how the swastika entered the cultures of the eastern peoples. She was depicted on painted pottery from ancient Susiana (Mesopotamian Elam on the eastern coast of the Persian Gulf in the 3rd millennium BC). So the swastika may have entered the ancient cultures of non-Indo-European peoples. Somewhat later, the swastika began to be used by Semitic peoples: the ancient Egyptians and Chaldeans, whose state was located on the western shore of the Persian Gulf.

Today, the swastika is considered by Indians to be a symbol of movement and the eternal rotation of the world - the “circle of samsara.” This symbol was supposedly imprinted on the Buddha's heart and is therefore sometimes called the "Seal of the Heart". It is placed on the chest of those initiated into the mysteries of Buddhism after their death.

Later, the swastika spread to Tibet, then to Central Asia and China. Another century later, it appeared in Japan and Southeast Asia along with Buddhism, which made it its symbol. In Japan, the swastika is called manji. Here it can be seen on samurai flags, armor and family crests.

The swastika was used not only by the Sumerians, Etruscans, ancient Greeks, and Romans; it is known not only in Hinduism and Buddhism. This symbol can be found among Christians and even among Jews in synagogues.

According to legend, Genghis Khan wore on his right hand a ring with the image of a swastika, into which was set a magnificent ruby ​​- the sun stone. In the oldest synagogue in Israel, a Swastika is depicted on the floor, although it is believed that the Jews are almost the only tribe that does not consider the swastika a sacred symbol.

It was unexpected for me to learn that the swastika was used not only by the Aryan peoples. The Indians in North America also knew it, and they knew and used it long before the Europeans arrived there. Where did the Navajo Indians get the swastika?

The ancient Aryans imprinted the Kolovrat-swastika on the tusks of mammoths back in the Neolithic. Under the golden Kolovrat on a scarlet banner, Prince Svyatoslav marched against Constantinople and the Khazars. This symbol was used by pagan sorcerers in rituals associated with the ancient Slavic Vedic Faith, and is still embroidered by Vyatka, Kostroma, Arkhangelsk and Vologda needlewomen.

After a period of oblivion, the swastika again became popular in European culture in the 19th century as a sign of Light, Sun, Love, Life. But this is its modern interpretation, and not its significance in religious cults.

As for the origins of the swastika, we can definitely say that it is a very ancient sign, unfortunately, discredited in the 20th century by the German fascists. I think that it undoubtedly has Aryan roots and at one time was spread by Aryan tribes throughout the Earth. This probably happened at least 12-15 thousand years ago. Then there were two civilizations on the globe - the Atlanteans (or peoples of the sea) and the Aryans (or peoples of the land). The relationship between them was not at all peaceful. If the Atlanteans influenced different ethnic groups, capturing the sea coasts, where they had numerous fortified cities, and from them interacted with the local population, then the Aryans lived in the interior of the continents, where they could not be greatly disturbed by the Atlanteans.

Plato mentions this when he writes that the ancestors of the ancient Greeks resisted the Atlanteans in the eastern Mediterranean. The Aryan origin of the ancient Greeks is beyond doubt. But the eastern Mediterranean, the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Africa and the Atlantic coast of Europe were probably completely controlled by the Atlanteans.

When Atlantis sank into the depths of the sea, only its colony cities and those Atlanteans and half-breeds of Atlanteans and aborigines who inhabited these colonies survived.

The Aryan civilization probably suffered less during the global catastrophe, especially on the elevated plateaus, where the wave of the catastrophic tsunami (global flood) did not reach. But the distant descendants of the Atlanteans and Aryans for several millennia forgot about whose symbol was the trident and whose symbol was the swastika, and began to use both. It is also possible that both symbols were used in Atlantis itself before the disaster. Otherwise, how would the swastika get to the Indians of North America?

Information sources

Vasily Tushkin. Rus' and the Vedas. Magazine "KNOW MORE", 2007. No. 3. Access address: www.bazar2000.ru

Guseva N. R. Russians through the millennia. Arctic theory. M.: White Alva, 1998. -160 p.

Demin V. Mysteries of the Russian North. M., 1999. - P.47.

History of the Swastika. Website address: http://darmon1488.ucoz.ru/publ/slavjanskie_korni_jazychestvo/istorija_svastiki/13-1-0-56

Kolovrat in Russia. History of the swastika. Website "Slavs" Website address: http://nfor.org/stati/znanija/kolovrat-v-rosi-istorija-svastiki.html

Nikitina Yu. I. Graffiti drawings from Sofia of Novgorod // Soviet Archeology, 1990 No. 3. - P. 221.

Wilson Thomas. Swastika. History of the swastika from ancient times to the present day. - 528 p.

Swastika. Wikipedia portal. Access address: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%E2%E0%F1%F2%E8%EA%E0

Holy Russian Vedas. Book of Veles / Translation, explanations by A. Asov. — 3rd ed., rev. and additional - M.: FAIR Publishing House, 2007. - 576 p.

Smirnov V. Swastika is a symbol of the universe and eternity. Towards a unified picture of the universe. Newspaper "The Secret". N4(7), 1997.

Surov M.V. Vologda region: unknown antiquity. Vologda, 2002. - P.72.

As we can see, there is no indication in the law about the use of Swastika symbols, so why do law enforcement agencies sign it to this law. All this happens due to a simple ignorance of one’s own history and one’s own language.

Let's understand the terminology gradually.

First, let's look at the term Nazism:
National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus, abbreviated as Nazism) is the official political ideology of the Third Reich.

Translating the essence of the title: Carrying out socially oriented changes for development, (although not always) within one nation. Or abbreviated as Change of Nation - Nazism. This system existed in Germany from 1933 to 1945.

Unfortunately, our politicians did not study history at all, otherwise they would have known that from 1917 to 1980, the Socialist system, which was called International Socialism, was officially adopted in our country. What is translated: Carrying out socially oriented changes for development, (although not always) within one multinational people. Or abbreviated as International Change of the Nation - Internationalism.

For ease of comparison, I will also give the Latin form of recording these two regimes, Nationalsozialismus and InterNationalsozialismus

In other words, you and I, ladies and gentlemen, were exactly the same Nazis as the inhabitants of Germany.

Accordingly, according to this law, all symbols of the former USSR and modern Russia are prohibited.

And besides, I will give some statistical data. During the Second World War, more than 20 million people died in Russia. This is a clear reason to have a negative attitude towards the Political regime of Germany in the 30s. During the 1918 revolution in Russia (during repressions), more than 60 million people died. In my opinion, the reason for a negative attitude towards the Soviet regime is 3 times greater.

But at the same time, the Swastika symbol, which was used by the Nazis, is banned in the Russian Federation, and the Bolshevik symbols “Red Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” are symbols of national heritage. In my opinion, this is a clear injustice.

I deliberately do not use the term Fascism in relation to Nazi Germany, because this is another, very important misconception. There never was and never could have been fascism in Germany. It flourished in Italy, France, Belgium, Poland, Great Britain, but not in Germany.

Fascism (Italian fascismo from fascio “bundle, bundle, association”) - as a political science term, is a general name for specific far-right political movements, their ideology, as well as the dictatorial-type political regimes they lead.

In a narrower historical sense, fascism is understood as a mass political movement that existed in Italy in the 1920s - early 1940s under the leadership of B. Mussolini.

This can be simply confirmed by the fact that fascism implies a cohesive unification of the church and statehood into one body or board, and in Nationalist Germany the church and the state were separated and oppressed in every possible way.

By the way, the Symbol of Fascism is not a swastika, but 8 arrows tied with a ribbon (Fashina is a bunch).

In general, we have more or less figured out the terminology, now let’s move on to the Swastika symbol itself.

Let's consider the Etymology of the word Swastika, but based on the original source of the language, and not, as everyone is used to, based on the roots of the Sanskrit language. In Sanskrit the translation is also very favorable, but we will look for the essence, and not adjust what is convenient to the truth.

The swastika consists of two words and a connective: Sva (Sun, the primordial energy of the universe, Inglia), the S-preposition of conjunction and Tika (quick movement or circular motion). That is, Swa with Tik is the Swastika, the Sun with rotation or movement. Solstice!

This ancient symbol has been used by Slavic culture since its inception, and has several hundred different variations. Also, this ancient symbol is used by many other religions, including Buddhism. But for some reason, when this symbol is depicted on Buddha statues, no one classifies Buddhists as fascists or Nazis.

What about Buddhism? In the tradition of Russian patterns and ornaments, swastikas are found at every step. And even on Soviet money there was a swastika symbol, exactly the same as in Nationalist Germany, except that it was not black.

So why are we, or rather our (not our) authorities, trying to denigrate this symbol and put it out of use. Unless they are afraid of his true power, which can open their eyes to all their atrocities.

Absolutely all the galaxies that exist in our space have the shape of a swastika, so the ban on this symbol is simply pure absurdity.

Well, enough of the negative talk, let's take a closer look at the Swastikas themselves.
Swastika symbols have two main types of orientation:
Right-sided solstice - rays directed to the left create the effect of rotation to the right. This is a symbol of creative solar energy, a symbol of birth and development.

Left-sided solstice - the rays are directed to the right, creating the effect of rotation to the left. This is a symbol of the energy of “destruction”. The word is deliberately placed in quotation marks, because there is no pure destruction in the universe. In order for a new solar system to be born, first one of the suns must explode, that is, destructure and be cleared of the old program. Then new creation occurs. Accordingly, the left-sided swastika is a symbol of Purification, healing, and renewal. And wearing or using this symbol does not destroy, but purifies.

Therefore, it is important to carefully select this symbol based on the changes you want to achieve.

The Slavic Swastika is one of the most powerful symbols that has ever existed in the universe. It is stronger than Runika, because it is understood in any galaxy and any universe. This is a universal symbol of existence. Treat this symbol with Respect and do not attribute it to just one people. And even more so to one extremely small event on the scale of the universe.