What museums are there in Chuvashia? Chuvash National Museum

The Central Chuvash Museum (now the Chuvash National Museum) was opened on February 12, 1921 by a resolution of the regional section for museums and the protection of monuments of art and antiquity of the Chuvash Autonomous Region. It was organized by a group of intellectuals from the city of Cheboksary, led by a former employee of the People's University, a graduate of the Faculty of History and Philology of the University of Warsaw, Nikolai Pavlovich Neverov. In April 1993, by Decree of the Council of Ministers of the Chuvash Republic, it was transformed into the Chuvash National Museum.

Its funds include more than 202 thousand museum objects, which are rich material for studying the history, culture, economy, life and nature of Chuvashia. The largest stock collection is the archeology collection, which was formed mainly in the 30-50s. 20th century as a result of field research by outstanding archaeologists V.F. Smolin, P.P. Efimenko, P.N. Tretyakov, O.N. Bader, A.P. Smirnov, G.A. Fedorova-Davydov, N. Ya Merpert.The ethnographic collection of the museum is the most complete collection of objects of material culture of the Chuvash people and other peoples living in Chuvashia in the republic. It is represented by ancient women's costumes of the riding, intermediate and lower groups of the Chuvash, dating from the 18th – early 20th centuries. These are unique girls' dresses, decorated with carpet embroidery, brides' bedspreads, grooms' scarves, dance scarves - that is, everything that a girl began to prepare from the age of 5 before the wedding, trying to embroider her own, unique design. Unique items made of beads and silver are ancient maiden and women's breast and hip decorations made of leather and fabric with stripes made of coins, beads, beads, fringe, and tassels. There are also girls' and women's headdresses - tukhya and hushpu. A large number of surbans of 3 groups of Chuvash women, masmaks, belts, aprons, various embroideries.

The museum has four branches: Literary Museum. K.V. Ivanova, V.I. Chapaev Museum, M. Sespel Museum in Cheboksary, M. Sespel Museum in the Kanashsky district. The Museum and Exhibition Center is located in the immediate vicinity of the main building.

The reconstruction of the main building of the museum, which was carried out in 2003–2005, significantly expanded the exhibition area. Today the museum has a technically equipped conference room with 80 seats and a small conference room with 20 seats for holding breakout sessions. Since 2007 and 2008 permanent exhibitions “Nature and Man” welcome visitors,"Ancient inhabitants of the Chuvash region according todata from archeology and paleontology", “History of the Chuvash people and the Chuvash region from the 9th to the beginning of the 20th centuries.”, “Chuvashia in the 20th century.”

The Chuvash National Museum is a collection of exhibits related to the history of the region, from Paleolithic times to the 20th century. Archaeological finds, numismatics, weapons, military attributes, household and cultural items, paintings and graphics are presented. A separate room is dedicated to natural diversity, which most attracts children. The institution conducts scientific research, educational lectures and educational events for schoolchildren.

History of creation

February 12, 1921 - after the formation of the Chuvash Autonomous Region, a museum complex was created. A year before, they began collecting valuable items that were displayed in a room in the People's House. Until 1930, there was no specific premises; it was closed to the public several times. In the same year, the abandoned building of the Assumption Cathedral was provided, in which the exhibits were kept for 50 years. In the pre-war years, the Soviet state confiscated and destroyed many exhibits, arrested workers - they did everything to disrupt the work of the institution. In 1941-1944 it was closed. In 1980, after the flooding, he was transferred to the estate of the 19th century merchant M.E. Efremov.

1991 - the exhibition was returned to the People's House. Assigned the status of “national”. Four branches have been opened: the M. Sespel Museum in Cheboksary and the village of the same name, V. I. Chapaev, named after. K. V. Ivanova. Reconstruction took place in 2003-2005. The building was completely renovated: two conference rooms were created, an exhibition center was opened next door, and premises were made for imported collections. Since 2008, modern permanent exhibitions have been formed.

Collections and exhibits

The museum collections contain more than 198,000 items related to Chuvash life, culture, history, economics and nature. They are organized by dates and departments:

Ethnography. Mostly represented by traditional dresses of the 18th - early 20th centuries. These are Chuvash, Tatar, Udmurt, Russian and other costumes with drawings, embroidery, headdresses, etc.
Archeology- the largest fund formed from excavations in the region. Fragments of ceramics, wood and metal items were found.
Weapon, dating from the 18th century - spears, sabers, pistols, swords, etc. Exhibits from the Second World War are displayed separately.
Numismatics- coins of the khans of Uzbek and Janibek, from the times of the Roman Empire, the Mongol-Tatar yoke, the Bosporan kingdom, as well as medals, paper money, foreign currency, etc.
Natural historical monuments- These are specimens related to nature. Minerals, stuffed animals, geological rocks and insects of this region.
Documents and photographs from the mid-nineteenth century with images of entrepreneurs, writers, famous peasants, scientists and everyday subjects.
Rare books- early printed and handwritten documents from the 16th century, artistic, civil, local history and reference documents.
Paintings and graphics by artists V. I. Ageev, A. A. Kokel, M. S. Spiridonov, I. V. Vladimirova, P. N. Chichkanov and other authors.
Memorial Fund dedicated to Soviet heroes and prominent cultural and scientific figures such as cosmonaut A. G. Nikolaev, poet P. P. Khuzangai, Colonel General A. N. Bogolyubov and other personalities.
Arts and crafts is demonstrated by national embroidery, bent glass and wood carvings.
Household and cultural items- bowls, spinning wheels, religious things, pagan sculptures, musical instruments, etc.

Permanent exhibitions of the Chuvash National Museum

The museum premises are divided into exhibition halls, each of which has its own entrance. You can explore everything together or go to any one of your choice. They are divided into three main themes, and another one is in a separate building next door.

Nature and man

These are stuffed animals and birds, and dried insects: bear, elk, muskrat, beaver, etc. Herbariums and descriptions of the nature of the region have been collected. All this is placed behind glass display cases, in which natural beauty is schematically restored. All rare living organisms are described in the Red Books.

History from the 9th to the beginning of the 20th century

An area of 352 square meters introduces history, starting with the state of Great Bulgaria, whose inhabitants were the ancestors of the Chuvash. Finds from excavations of ancient settlements are shown: jewelry and pottery, metallurgy and leatherworking. Treasures of Jochid coins, ancient census documents, pagan symbols and other valuables. The exhibition ends with the revolutionary events of the early 20th century.

Ancient inhabitants of the Chuvash region

This is an archaeological collection on 110 square meters with 30,000 finds. The first settlements here appeared in the Paleolithic era. Ancient dwellings, mammoth remains, bronze objects, ceramic jugs, etc. were restored. Everything ends with the 4th-7th centuries AD. e. The eras are presented in several showcases with fragments of life and culture.

Museum of Military Glory

A separate exhibition is located in another building. Dedicated to the Second World War. The events are told step by step in posters, documents, things, weapons and memorial plaques.

Operating mode

The box office sells tickets half an hour before closing. There are no breaks. Closed on public holidays. The institution operates according to the following schedule:

Monday is a day off;
Tuesday-Wednesday and Friday-Sunday from 10:00 to 18:00;
Thursday from 12:00 to 20:00.

Entry fee

The entrance ticket price depends on the number of rooms visited and the age of the visitor. The following prices apply for one exposure:

up to 7 years - free;
schoolchildren - 25 rubles;
students and pensioners - 35 rubles;
adults - 65 rubles;
family rate for 4 people - 170 rubles.

Visiting all exhibitions at once:

schoolchildren - 60 rubles;
pensioners and students - 85 rubles;
adult - 180 rubles;
family - 360 rubles.

Excursions are available for a fee from 35 rubles per person in a group of 10 people, individual from 400 rubles. There are theatrical and thematic excursions that can be booked in advance. There is an additional charge for photography. It is also possible to order educational lectures, master classes and a sightseeing tour of the city.

How to get to the Chuvash National Museum

The cultural site is located in the center of Cheboksary. The nearest bus stop is “st. Yaroslavskaya”, minibus No. 7 is traveling. A little further is the “National Congress” stop, to which various transport services go:

bus No. 7, 12, 16, 18, 26 and 42;
minibus No. 12, 26, 35, 37, 42, 45, 48, 51, 52, 63 and 333;
trolleybus no. 3, 7, 15 and 18.

To travel by car, go to GPS coordinates - 56.145398, 47.252667. Go to Kalinina, Kompozitorov Vorobyov or Plekhanov streets until the intersection with Yaroslavskaya. Then there will be a turn to Red Square. It is convenient to walk from K. Efremov Boulevard. Order a taxi through the Yandex application. Taxi, Lucky or Uber.

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In the historical part of the capital of Chuvashia, opposite the monument to the Patroness Mother, there is the National Museum of the Republic, founded in February 1921.

The Chuvash National Museum is located in a two-story mansion of the nineteenth century, which is part of the former family estate of the Efremovs. The mansion building is made of stone in an eclectic style using a variety of decorative elements. The window frames are richly decorated with stucco and trim. A special atmosphere in a merchant's house is created by stucco ceilings, wrought-iron staircases and antique furniture from the nineteenth century.

Nowadays, the Chuvash National Museum is the main repository of monuments of history, nature, material and spiritual culture of the population of the republic. The museum houses research, cultural and educational institutions; exhibits on archeology, history, art, technology, etc., from the Stone Age to the present day, are stored and studied here. The museum's holdings include more than 160 thousand unique museum items. Of particular value are the collections of monuments from the Balanovo and Abashevo archaeological cultures, as well as runic writings of the 12th-13th centuries. The museum's exposition widely presents Chuvash national costumes, jewelry and embroidery.

The Museum and Exhibition Center is located in the immediate vicinity of the main building of the museum. In Cheboksary, the museum has three more branches: the V.I. Chapaev Museum, the K.V. Ivanov Literary Museum, the M. Sespel Museum and the memorial complex "Motherland of Mikhail Sespel" in the Kanashsky district.