Writers buried at the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery. Eternal Flame of the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery - gistory — LiveJournal
Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery is located in the eastern autonomous region and covers an area of 26 hectares. The date of appearance of the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery is 1771 - this is the time of the terrible plague epidemic. The burial place was located behind the Kamer-Kollezhsky Val, which today is called the Preobrazhensky Val. Today this is a closed cemetery, and the following are available here:
* Burial with a coffin in a related grave;
* Installation of urns with cremated ashes in an open columbarium.
The founder of the Preobrazhensky cemetery is the merchant I.A. Kovylin. At first, Old Believers settled around this cemetery. Here Kovylin built the Assumption Church, a convent, a chapel, and a hospital building for the men's courtyard. Later, in 1811, the Holy Cross Cathedral was erected here.
To limit the spread of schismatics, Nicholas I reconsecrated the Assumption Church into Orthodox.
Here, at the Preobrazhensky Pogost, there was once a rich library of works about the schism - it was collected by A.I. Khludov, and many ancient icons collected by E.E. Egorov were also kept here.
The year 1920 was a turning point in the history of this place. At this time, all Fedoseyevsky chapels are closed, the Nikolsky Monastery is closed, the works stored in the Khludov library are transferred to the state library, and the icons are given to the Historical Museum. Some of them ended up in the Tretyakov Gallery. A labor school is opened in the cells and various institutions are located here.
In the 1950s, the Church of the Transfiguration was destroyed.
Today here you can see the chapel-tomb of F.A. Guchkov, as well as the second chapel - V.E. Morozov. (manufacturer). The first was located behind the church, the second - at the entrance to the churchyard.
On this graveyard there is also a memorial where the very first Eternal Flame in the capital was lit. This is a memorial in honor of those who fell in the Great Patriotic War. On the ground of this churchyard there is also a mass grave of the cadets and commanders of the 2nd Infantry School who died in 1921.
Buried here:
* Aksenov K.V.,
* Bogdanov A.S.,
* Kovalev R.A.,
* Khokhlov M.Kh.,
* Posadnik N.G.,
* Semyon Boychenko - singer,
* Alexandra Danilova is an actress, and many other famous people.
Since 1953, an archive of all burials has been kept here.
PREOBRAZHENSKOYE CEMETERY - founded in Moscow in 1771 for the burial of Old Believers-bespopovtsy who died during the plague. It became the center of the Fedoseevsky community. In 1847, the government subordinated the PK to the board of trustees of the Imperial Humane Society, and tried to convert believers to the same faith. Currently, the P.K. community manages Fedoseevsky communities in the Russian Federation.
Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery is one of the most famous cemeteries in Moscow. The Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery was founded in 1771 behind the Kamer-Kollezhsky Val, which is currently called Preobrazhensky Val. The Preobrazhenskoe cemetery was founded simultaneously with the Vagankovskoe cemetery, the Danilovskoe cemetery, the Vvedenskoe cemetery and the Rogozhskoe cemetery during the plague epidemic, by the merchant I. A. Kovylin, who, under the pretext of organizing a plague quarantine, established Fedoseevsky almshouses here. Before the revolution of 1917, the Preobrazhenskoye cemetery was the second center of the Old Believers after the Rogozhskoye cemetery.
The first people buried in the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery were those who died of the plague in 1771; after the end of the plague epidemic, the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery became an Old Believer cemetery.
The grave of the merchant Tikhomirov at the Preobrazhenskoye cemetery
The Preobrazhenskoye cemetery consists of three territories, surrounded by a wall with towers and also separated from each other by walls: the northern courtyard - the Preobrazhenskaya almshouse, the southern courtyard - the Nikolsky Monastery and the cemetery itself between them. Subsequently, the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery grew, and people began to bury them behind the eastern wall of the Nikolsky Monastery. At the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery there is the Cathedral Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross at the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery, the Pomeranian prayer house and the Church of St. Nicholas at the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery, the former cathedral church of the St. Nicholas Edinoverie Monastery.
During Soviet times, Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery ceased to be a cemetery of one denomination. At the Transfiguration Cemetery, they began to bury without regard to nationality and faith. In 1921, one of the first Soviet mass graves in Moscow appeared at the cemetery. On the obelisk there is an inscription: In memory of the commanders and cadets of the 2nd Moscow Infantry School who fell near Kronstadt. March 4 - 18, 1921. During the Great Patriotic War, over ten thousand soldiers and officers who died in Moscow hospitals were buried at the Preobrazhenskoye cemetery. Military graves at the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery are located to the right of the main entrance to the cemetery, burial plots No. 46, No. 47 and No. 48. In the early 1950s, the largest military memorial in Moscow was built at the Preobrazhenskoye cemetery. At the Military Memorial of the Preobrazhenskoe Cemetery, the first Eternal Flame in Moscow was lit over the mass grave of Soviet soldiers killed during the Great Patriotic War.
The entire territory of the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery is divided into 48 burial plots. Since 1953, an archive has been maintained at the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery in which all burials are registered. The Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery is included in the list of Moscow cemeteries under the jurisdiction of the State Unitary Enterprise “Ritual”.
For the burial of urns with ashes, an open-type columbarium was built on the territory of the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery.
Graves
military, aviators and heroes
Many famous military leaders and Heroes of the Soviet Union, actors, writers, journalists, outstanding athletes and coaches, as well as many other famous people who left their mark on Soviet and Russian history are buried at the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery.
Famous people buried at the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery: Ardov V.E. - writer, Arzhanov Yu.A. - test pilot, Baykalov M.K. - test pilot, V.A. Baykov - actor, Boychenko S.P. - the first Soviet world record holder in swimming, Gorban V.M. - Hero of the Soviet Union, Danilova A.S. - actress, Denisov A.A. - Hero of the Soviet Union, Zimin S.I. - theater figure, Kovylin I.A. - merchant, founder of the Preobrazhensky cemetery, Korotkov S.A. - hockey player, Kostovich O.S. - Serbian nobleman, inventor and airship builder, Kuznetsov B.I. - intelligence officer, Kumaritov B.M. - actor, Kuts V.P. - track and field athlete, Olympic champion, Loktev K.B. - hockey player, Lvov M.L. - actor, Magnitsky S.L. - lawyer, Ogurenkov V.I. - boxer, boxing coach, Skachkov G.I. - famous Pomeranian reciter, rector of the Moscow Pomeranian community, Shmit N.P. - grandson of the Old Believers-industrialists Vikula Eliseevich and Savva Timofeevich Morozov, revolutionary, after whom Shmitovsky Proezd is named, Shpigun G.N. - Major General of Police, and many others.
Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery is a child of the Moscow plague of 1770-1771. When a thousand people a day were dying in the city, the people involuntarily thought that God was punishing Muscovites for their sins and apostasy from the faith. Moscow was surrounded by military cordons, and those trying to escape the plague were shot at. And then a rumor spread throughout the city that in Preobrazhenskoye, near the Old Believers’ huts on the shore of the Khapilovsky Pond, there were vats of clean water. And those who ask for help are accepted there, washed, changed into clean clothes, and fed. And the Old Believers look after the sick as if they were their own children. And with the money donated by the merchant Ilya Kovylin, either an infirmary or an almshouse is being built in Preobrazhenskoye. The people rushed to Preobrazhenskoye. Ilya Kovylin confesses, gives communion, and rebaptizes newcomers into the Old Believer faith of the Fedoseev sense (in those very vats).
In 1771, at the height of the plague, the government was forced to turn to private individuals with a request to assist in the establishment of plague quarantines and cemeteries outside Moscow outposts. One of these points was opened by the unfamous Fedoseevskaya community, which settled here at the beginning of the 18th century (Fedoseevites are one of the varieties of the “bespopovsky” branch of the Old Believers, the name comes from the name of the founder, sexton Feodosius Vasiliev, who lived in the 17th - early 18th centuries). Preobrazhenskaya outpost - with the money of merchants Ilya Kovylin and F. Zenkov.
The number of converts who donated all their property and capital to the Old Believers grew. Finally, the plague receded. Those who did not survive rested in the Preobrazhenskoye cemetery, which arose outside the city limits. And those who survived remained to live in the Old Believer village on the shore of the Khapilovsky pond, which the Fedoseevites called Jordan - they performed baptisms there. In fact, Ilya Kovylin and his associates used the crisis situation in Moscow in 1771 to legalize the Fedoseyev community by creating an Old Believer monastery under the guise of an almshouse. Thus began the history of the Old Believer Preobrazhenskoe cemetery, which very quickly turned from an almshouse into the spiritual center of schismatics - “church dissidents” of imperial Russia. All-Russian councils of Fedoseyev's consent took place here, and written appeals “to all Christians” were distributed from here.
The authorities tried more than once to close the cemetery, but the Preobrazhensky residents were on their guard. When it became known in Moscow that Emperor Paul I was preparing a decree on the destruction of the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery, Kovylin, who by that time had accumulated not only huge funds, but also high connections, appeased Moscow and St. Petersburg officials and averted the threat. Emperor Alexander I takes the Transfiguration Monastery under his personal protection. In 1808, the Tsar received a request from the Old Believers to give the community in Preobrazhenskoye the status of an Almshouse. The “Charter of the Almshouse at the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery” appears, according to which the Old Believers of Preobrazhenskoye were freed from the tutelage of the Spiritual Consistory, elected their own trustees and had complete autonomy in the internal life of the community. Behind the stone walls with towers there are already dozens of buildings in which over one and a half thousand people live. Officially, for 37 years, the Preobrazhenskoe cemetery was considered the personal property of Ilya Kovylin, because. The legislation of the Russian Empire did not recognize Old Believer communities.
The year 1812, on the one hand, did not bring ruin to the monastery, but on the other, it brought disrepute. There were rumors in Moscow that the Old Believers greeted the French with bread and salt, made offerings to them, and even brought Napoleon a literal golden calf - a bull with gilded horns. It was even claimed that Napoleon himself, accompanied by Marshal Murat, came to Preobrazhenskoye to visit the Old Believers, after which a French detachment was stationed in the monastery for protection and at the same time machines were brought here for printing counterfeit Russian banknotes. However, there is no documentary evidence of “treason”.
Under Nicholas I, the Almshouse was prohibited from owning lands, meadows and factories; in 1847 it was subordinated to the Council of the Imperial Philanthropic Society. Nicholas appointed Adjutant General Count Stroganov as the “civil trustee” of the Almshouse. However, the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery is growing richer: the children of the Fedoseevites, who did not recognize marriage in the official church, are not considered legal heirs, and the huge capital donated by parishioners is the property of the entire Old Believer community. On loans allocated by the community, famous Moscow merchant and industrial families rose: Guchkovs, Nosovs, Morozovs, Ryabushinskys, Khludovs.
In 1866, the authorities actually took away from the Old Believers the male half of the Preobrazhensky cemetery complex, with hundreds of ancient icons and liturgical objects: it opens.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery was a kind of living historical and cultural reserve, where not only the strict way of monastic life is maintained, but also ancient traditions long lost in “secularized” Russia: hook singing, znamenny chant, icon painting workshops, church services according to the ancient canon, etc. It was here that Vasily Surikov found the type for his noblewoman Morozova, immortalizing the Old Believer reciter Anastasia Mikhailovna.
In 1906, the Old Believers of Preobrazhensky officially formalized their community as the “Preobrazhensky Community of Christians of the Ancient Pomeranian Catholic Faith,” thus equalizing the status of the Old Believers community and the Edinoverie monastery.
After the October Revolution, the Preobrazhensky Old Believer and Nikolsky Edinoverie monasteries did not exist intact for long. St. Nicholas Monastery was closed. In 1919, strangers began to be moved into almshouses, and Old Believers were thrown out onto the street. In 1920, most of the cemetery's tombstones were desecrated. The main churches continued to operate subsequently, but the monastery complexes and their inhabitants suffered a lot. The house and gate churches and prayer houses were closed in the 1930s, and collections of ancient icons were partly transferred to museums and partly sold abroad. Many inhabitants of the monastery were repressed. In 1934, the NKVD arrested the leader of the Fedoseyevskaya community, but he managed to secretly bless his successor, after which he led the community from underground for nine years.
The artistic treasures of the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery were partially lost in the 20th century, but were partially added to the collections of major museums. In the Tretyakov Gallery there are icons originating from the Transfiguration “Cloud Order” (XV century), “Theodore Sikeot and St. George" (turn of the 16th-17th centuries), "Nativity of St. Nicholas" (1601), "Our Lady of Vladimir" (turn of the 16th-17th centuries). Khludov's book collection ended up in the Russian State Library.
When telling your interlocutors about visiting a cemetery as a tourist attraction, you often see surprise and wariness in their eyes. How, instead of magnificent estates, museums and art galleries, did you wander among the graves and admire the beauty, decoration, and admire the sculptural compositions?!
Indeed, this does not look like a standard monument of architecture and art, but how much you can see and learn when you find yourself in famous cemeteries! Almost every big city has its own famous burial sites, where tourists flock and where excursions are held. And there are plenty of people willing!
Novodevichy Cemetery
We invite you to take a walk through two of the most famous and significant cemeteries in Moscow - Novodevichy and Vagankovsky. On their territories rest the great minds of our fatherland, heroes of the Second World War, statesmen, writers, poets, composers, actors, directors, singers, athletes - all these people left an eternal mark on Russian and world history. Our famous sculptors, artists and architects worked on a large number of monuments: M. Anikushin, E. Vuchetich, S. Konenkov, V. Mukhina, N. Tomsky, G. Schultz, many of them also found their last resting places in these cemeteries. Some tombstones contain amazing stories, secrets and assumptions that have remained unsolved (we recommend reading the versions about the reburial of N.V. Gogol, and also finding out where the stone on the grave of M.A. Bulgakov was taken from. - Ed.).
Cemetery Vagankovsky
Despite the cold and rainy summer, we managed to take advantage of several sunny days and capture our walk in photographs. Although it is worth noting that a cloudy and gloomy sky adds mystery and mysticism, which, of course, changes the overall mood and impression of the place. It all depends on the visitor, on what emotions you want to receive in a certain period of life. There is a lot to think about here, and the silence and the feeling as if time has stopped around helps to clarify your thoughts and distract you from everyday worries.
Novodevichy Cemetery
The Novodevichy Cemetery is considered the main Moscow necropolis. During Soviet times, it became the second most important burial site after the Kremlin wall. The cemetery is located in the southwestern part of the city, in Khamovniki, on the territory adjacent to the Novodevichy Convent (Sportivnaya metro station).
The first burials appeared in the 17th century on the territory of the Novodevichy Convent. By the 20th century there was practically no free space left, and then land was allocated behind the southern wall of the monastery. The official opening date of this part is 1904. At the moment, the cemetery occupies more than 7.5 hectares, consists of 4 territories, where 26,000 people are buried.
The territory of the Novodevichy Convent is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List and is one of the world's most beautiful burial places, deservedly included in the top 10.
Monument at the grave of the pop singer, People's Artist of the USSR Lyudmila Zykina. The monument was made by People's Artist of Russia, Armenian sculptor Friedrich Soghoyan
Monument at the grave of a circus performer, film actor, TV presenter, director of the Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard Yuri Nikulin
Monument at the grave of the great Russian writer Anton Chekhov. Made in Art Nouveau style according to the design of the artist L. M. Brailovsky
Monument at the grave of the artist and landscape painter Isaac Levitan
From left to right: a monument at the grave of an outstanding architect, a representative of romantic symbolism and constructivism Ilya Golosov; monument at the grave of the writer, academician, count Alexei Tolstoy
Monument at the grave of the great writer Mikhail Bulgakov.“Golgotha” made of Black Sea granite previously stood on the grave of N.V. Gogol, in the cemetery of the St. Danilov Monastery, and then, during the reburial of the writer’s remains, the stone was sent to the cemetery workshop. In the early 1950s, “Golgotha” was discovered and bought by E. S. Bulgakov in order to install it on her husband’s grave. It is worth noting that M. A. Bulgakov was a passionate admirer of N. V. Gogol’s talent
Monument at the grave of the founder of children's literature Samuil Marshak. Sculptor N. B. Nikoghosyan. The monument is located in the Marshak family memorial
Monument at the grave of a talented world-famous teacher, public figure and writer Anton Makarenko. The monument was made by sculptor Vladimir Tsigal and architect V. Kalinin
Monument at the grave of the greatest composer of the twentieth century, pianist, teacher, people's artist of the USSR Dmitry Shostakovich
Monument at the grave of the violin virtuoso, teacher, People's Artist of the USSR Leonid Kogan. The monument was made by sculptor Yuri Orekhov in the style of geometric abstractionism
Monument at the grave of the composer and conductor Isaak Dunayevsky. The monument was made by art university graduate student P. Melnikova and architect L. Polyakov
Monument at the grave of the Russian writer, playwright and critic Nikolai Gogol. Initially, the writer was buried in the cemetery of the St. Daniel's Monastery in Moscow; in 1931, the graveyard was liquidated, and the writer's remains were reburied in the Novodevichy cemetery. The bronze cross from the grave was lost, and the “Calvary” was removed. Legend has it that this tombstone was brought from Crimea by Konstantin Aksakov especially for Gogol. In 1952, a monument was unveiled at the grave with a bust of N.V. Gogol on a pedestal, which was made by the sculptor N.V. Tomsky. And on the 200th anniversary of the writer’s birth, the authorities tried to return the grave to its original appearance.
Monument at the grave of the Russian and Soviet actor, theater and film director, winner of four Stalin Prizes Konstantin Zubov
Monument at the grave of the poet, playwright, one of the most prominent representatives of Soviet literature and avant-garde art of the early twentieth century - Vladimir Mayakovsky. The poet was cremated, the urn with ashes was kept in the closed columbarium of the Donskoye Cemetery, and in 1952 it was moved to the territory of the Novodevichy Cemetery. The monument was made by the Soviet sculptor Alexander Kibalnikov
Monument at the grave of the Soviet aircraft designer Semyon Lavochkin, specializing in the creation of fighter aircraft. family grave
Monument at the grave of the actor, film director, writer and screenwriter Vasily Shukshin
Monument at the grave of the aircraft designer, the founder of the Soviet school of aircraft construction, the “king of fighters” Nikolai Polikarpov
Monument at the grave of the Russian revolutionary, Soviet statesman and party leader Anastas Mikoyan
Monument at the grave of the Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Armored Forces (1944), Deputy People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR Yakova Fedorenko
Monument at the grave of a major scientist, a great military surgeon Nikolay Burdenko. His wife and son are buried nearby.
Monument at the grave of the writer, poet and screenwriter Agni Barto. Family Memorial
Monument at the grave of the famous virtuoso pianist, conductor, founder of the Moscow Conservatory Nikolai Rubinstein
Monument at the grave of the composer and pianist Alexandra Skryabina. Work of sculptor E. A. Rudakov
Monument at the grave of a poet, prose writer, artist, architect Andrey Voznesensky. Family memorial. Voznesensky designed the monument for his mother’s grave together with Zurab Tsereteli.
Monument at the grave of the actor and puppet theater director, outstanding theater figure, People's Artist of the USSR Sergei Obraztsov
Monument at the grave of the famous actress, pop singer, beloved actress of many generations of Russians Lyudmila Gurchenko. The monument was made by sculptors Yuri Khorovsky and Yuri Shabelnikov
Monument at the grave of a singer with a rare timbre (lyric soprano), famous operetta actress, People's Artist of the USSR Tatiana Shmyga. Work of sculptors Daria Uspenskaya and Vitaly Shanov
Monument at the grave of a popular film actress Clara Luchko. Work by sculptors Daria Uspenskaya and Vitaly Shanov
Monument at the grave of the greatest opera singer with world fame Fyodor Chaliapin The basis of the monument was taken from Konstantin Korovin’s painting “Portrait of F. I. Chaliapin.”
Monument at the grave of an outstanding physicist, doctor of science, professor, Nobel Prize winner Vitaly Ginzburg
Monument at the grave of the famous theater and film actor, People's Artist of the USSR, winner of the State Prize Evgenia Evstigneeva
Monument at the grave of the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Hero of the Soviet Union Nikita Khrushchev. The work of the famous sculptor Ernst Neizvestny
Monument at the grave of the aircraft designer, academician, colonel general of the engineering troops, laureate of the Lenin and five State Prizes of the USSR Andrey Tupolev. The monument was made by sculptor G. Taidze and architect Y. Belopolsky
Monument at the grave of the Russian statesman, the first president of Russia Boris Yeltsin
Monument at the grave of the Soviet painter, teacher, doctor of art history (1956), professor, director of the Moscow State Art Institute. V. I. Surikov (1943-1948), first secretary of the Board of the Union of Artists of the USSR (1958-1964) Sergei Gerasimov
Cemetery Vagankovsky
Vagankovskoye Cemetery is a monument of Russian cultural heritage. The official year of foundation is 1771 - the time of the plague epidemic that accompanied the Russian-Turkish war. Both the Turkish and Russian armies suffered from the Plague Riot. By order of Empress Catherine II, those who died from the plague could not be buried within the city, so the lands near the village of Vagankova were given over for the mass burial of ordinary Muscovites. The cemetery was filled with the graves of unknown people from the slums, poor peasants and minor officials until the 19th century - before the first burials of prominent personalities appeared.
On the territory of the Vagankovskoye cemetery, more than 100 thousand burials are related to the tragic events of our history. Here are the mass graves of those killed in the Battle of Borodino (1812); monuments to the victims of the Khodynka stampede (1896) and Stalinist repressions (1930); graves of the defenders of Moscow (1941) and victims of the August putsch (1991). Also buried on Vagankovsky are those killed in the terrorist attack on Dubrovka (2002).
The Church of the Resurrection of the Word was founded on the site of the wooden church of St. John the Merciful (1773) according to the design of the architect A. G. Grigoriev in 1824
Monument at the grave of the Russian poet Sergei Yesenin. Made by sculptor Anatoly Bichukov
Monument at the grave of Soviet and Russian theater and film actor, film director, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1986), People's Artist of the RSFSR (1991) Alexandra Abdulova
Monument at the grave of the Soviet and Russian poet, bard, prose writer and screenwriter, composer Bulat Okudzhava. Work of sculptor Georgy Frangulyan
Monument at the grave of the Soviet theater and film actor, People's Artist of the RSFSR Sergei Yakovlev. The memorial was made by sculptor Vladimir Evropeytsev
From left to right: monument at the grave of the writer, poet and playwright Vasily Aksenov; monument at the grave of a famous pop artist, actor Zinovy Vysokovsky
Monument at the grave of the legendary goalkeeper, the face of Soviet football, player of Dynamo Moscow and the USSR national team Lev Yashin
Monument at the grave of the theater and film actor, one of the most recognizable Soviet artists Mikhail Pugovkin
Monument at the grave of the Soviet rock musician, author and performer of songs with a pronounced civic position Igor Talkov
Monument at the grave of the Russian architect Petra Skomoroshenko. Family burial site, cultural heritage site
Monument at the grave of the Russian Itinerant artist, author of the landscape “The Rooks Have Arrived” Alexey Savrasov
Monument at the grave of the modernist architect, painter, who made an invaluable contribution to Russian architecture, Fyodor Shekhtel. The architect personally completed the family burial and memorial design during his lifetime
Monument at the grave of the famous Soviet bard, theater and film actor Vladimir Vysotsky. Work of sculptor Alexander Rukavishnikov
Monument at the grave of the outstanding opera and pop singer, soloist of the Bolshoi Theater (since 1975) Yuri Gulyaev
Monument at the grave of the inventor, rocketry specialist, Hero of Socialist Labor Nikolai Tikhomirov(cover name, real name – Nikolai Viktorovich Sletov)
Monument at the grave of the Soviet theater and film actor, pop artist, People's Artist of the RSFSR Andrey Mironov. Buried next to his mother
If you liked our short excursion, then throw away all prejudices and boldly hit the road to see the famous cemeteries with your own eyes. Moreover, you don’t see all the monuments in the photo, and only your personal presence will help you feel the atmosphere of these places!
