Tolstoy childhood questions on content. Solving life issues in the story L

1. Sincere participation in resolving issues.
2. Disputes and conflicts among adults.
3. Perception of the image of Grisha.
4. Love and creative experiences.
5. The end of a happy time.

The realization that the miraculous was near us comes too late.
A. A. Blok

Life certainly poses difficult and controversial issues, which we have to answer. But we are not always ready to take the first step in the right direction. Big role in in this case plays life experience, which for us is limited to family, school and friends. It is much easier for adults than for us children to solve such issues and problems. But over a short period of time, we also develop our own ideas about the world in which we live. And although we are childish, we try to independently answer the questions that life poses to us. The same problems arise in the hero of L. N. Tolstoy’s story “Childhood”.

The writer tells us about the fate of one boy, Nikolenka, who is gradually approaching adult life. At every stage of his development, he is faced with questions that he has to answer. It is possible that his actions are motivated by wrong decisions. But this is exactly how he sees life and imagines the path he should follow. The author does not condemn his hero, but tries to adequately show all the shades of not only the image, but his soul. She seems to become his only ally in solving difficult life issues. For example, one day Nikolenka hears her father’s conversation with Karl Ivanovich, who talks about ingratitude. This remark is due to the fact that children are moving to Moscow to study, so the family no longer needs the services of a home teacher. At this moment, the author presents to us Nikolenka’s reasoning about what he heard: “I sympathized with his grief, and it hurt me that my father and Karl Ivanovich, whom I loved almost equally, did not understand each other; I again went to the corner, sat on my heels and talked about how to restore harmony between them.” The main character does not interfere in the relationship between his father and teacher, but with all his soul he wants to peacefully resolve the issue that causes so much controversy and disagreement among adults.

A new dispute is playing out in the family between Nikolenka’s mother and father. They cannot come to a common opinion regarding the holy fool Grisha. Maman always greets you similar people in his yard, but dad doesn’t really like it either. This episode of the story does not tell about the feelings and behavior of the main character, his spiritual world and understanding of this situation are not revealed. However, Grisha, looking at the top of Volodya’s head, actually predicted that the children would soon leave the house. In this case new question The question that puts life before Nikolenka was whether he believes in predictions. It is followed by a new one: how does one relate to the holy fool himself? The answer is given in the narrative itself, since it is told from the perspective of the main character. Nikolenka in one phrase says everything about the image of the guest: “It was the holy fool and wanderer Grisha.” This characteristic tells us that the boy, like everyone else, believed some of his predictions. Therefore, the portrait of the holy fool, compiled by Nikolenka, includes not only a description of his appearance, but also his ability to guess the future.

The main character did not escape the element of love either. He likes the girl Katenka. But when he shows his feelings for her openly, Volodya “condemns” him, calling such relationships tenderness. Therefore, Nikolenka hides the flared feeling very deeply in her soul. “I have long been accustomed to her fresh, fair face and have always loved it; but now I began to look at him more carefully and fell in love even more.” Tolstoy does not show us passionate scenes and whirlwind romances. Such an attitude towards life would not be typical for a ten-year-old boy. Therefore, the writer tries to convey in a childlike way the relationships and feelings that arose in the heart of the main character.

But life does not stand still, and the hour of parting comes. Nikolenka faces a new question related to the move. Tears appear in the boy's eyes. He feels sorry to part with the world to which he is accustomed. But the thirst for new impressions seems to make them dry up: “That’s it, everything is pathetic! And poor maman? And tears came to my eyes again; but not for long".

Moving for a boy serves as a certain boundary that allows him to look into his past. At the same time, Nikolenka moves to the next stage in her life. In it you will need to not only directly enjoy the world around you, but also think about your actions. But if the hero remembers the past, it means that it is in it that he looks for answers to the questions that torment him.

When saying goodbye to her family, Nikolenka is sad, as if she has a presentiment that that carefree life will no longer exist. But the stage of growing up is considered by the author not only as a time of disappointment, but also as a period of discovery of new trends of the times. And at this moment it is very important on what basis the hero and even the common man builds his life position. If he had wonderful childhood, which he can remember with sadness, means that in adulthood he will make fewer mistakes. At the same time, turning to those years and looking at them from a certain distance, a person retains some kind of internal connection with the moral content that was laid down in his childhood.

This work does not show this long distance between two stages of life. Therefore, we can judge what is happening in the soul of Nikolenka, who still remains a child. He continues to reason as naively and easily as he managed to do before.

However, the Moscow world allowed the boy’s poetic talent to reveal itself. He wrote his first poems. But shyness did not allow him to give a gift to his grandmother. When the father reads them, a “storm” and confusion reign in the soul of the main character. He is afraid that they are written crookedly. But the first experiment was a success, my grandmother praised the poems. In the story, we are not shown the boy’s rejoicing, which speaks of his kind and sympathetic soul, to which praise finally brought the desired peace. But life as an adult is not as carefree as it seems at first glance. It constantly moves forward and confronts man with the inevitable laws of nature. The death of his mother becomes such an obstacle and blow for Nikolenka. “Only at that moment did I understand... that that face, which for several days had been filled with beauty and tenderness, the face of the one I loved more than anything in the world, could excite horror, as if for the first time she had revealed to me the bitter truth and filled soul with despair." The boy approaches his grief in a special, childlike way. Perhaps he does not understand something, but the bitterness of loss still finds a place in his heart.

On the threshold of childhood and adolescence, it is not only important moral basis, but also how a person for the first time independently resolves the issues facing him. During this period, Nikolenka is not disappointed in her previous hopes and thoughts. We understand that the time of childhood does not impose any restrictions in solving problems. It seems that a person does as he pleases. But the next one life stage forces you to take into account not only your own self, but the world and feelings of another person. Thus, the space of one hero seems to open up and expand, and he has to let other people into it, on whom his own life certainly depends. “With the death of my mother, my happy time childhood and began new era- the era of adolescence..."

The adults in the story notice the fact that troubles make you old. Perhaps this has a certain reflection of reality. But they are the ones who prepare the hero for real life. Therefore, the trials that befell the boy forced him to grow older. They opened up to him a new, but not so rosy world. The boy becomes a little more serious and perceives the surrounding reality differently. Tolstoy’s story “Childhood” ends with a new question, which the hero will have to answer in the next period of growing up: “The thought comes to me: has Providence really only connected me with these two creatures in order to forever make me regret them?..”. New life will also ask new questions, but Nikolenka will approach their solution from a position based on a small but very significant life experience.

Option 1.

1. Real name of the writer:

a) Maxim Maksimovich Peshkin;

b) Alexey Maksimovich Peshkin;

c) Alexey Maksimovich Gorky;

d) Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov.

2. Gorky wrote the first part of his autobiography:

a) in 1913;

b) in 1923;

c) in 1933;

d) in 1943.

3. The story that ends the author’s biography is called:

a) “My institutions”;

b) “My universities”;

c) “My Academies”;

d) “My technical schools.”

4. What is a trilogy?

b) These are three, united into one whole by unity or ideological content.

c) This is a work, individual parts of which were necessarily reproduced within one day.

5. In what city did the Kashirin family live?

a) Astrakhan

b) Moscow

V) Nizhny Novgorod

d) Samara

It was all foldable, chiseled, sharp. His satin, silk-embroidered vest was old and worn out, his cotton shirt was wrinkled, and there were large patches on the knees of his pants...

a) Uncle Yakov

b) Uncle Mikhail

7. The name of the main character of the story “Childhood”

a) Gypsy

b) Nikolenka

8. Akulina Ivanovna was the main character

b) grandmother

9. Who is the head of the house in the Kashirin family?

a) Uncle Yakov

b) grandmother

a) comparisons;

b) oppositions;

c) synecdoche;

d) epithets.

11. The difference from other works of an autobiographical nature is:

a) in the romantic glorification of childhood;

b) in the common destiny of the child with the people;

c) in the detachment of the narrative from reality;

d) lack of understanding of the purpose of man on earth.

12. Why main character was punished for the first time?

a) for laziness

b) for a thimble

c) for the tablecloth

d) for lessons

13. Who taught the hero to read and write?

a) Aunt Natalya

b) grandmother

c) grandfather

d) father

14. How did the main character feel when he was in his grandfather’s family?

and love

b) indifference

c) the desire to escape from this family

d) hatred

15. . What are Alyosha’s impressions of the “stupid tribe”:

a) indignation;

b) surprise;

c) disgust;

d) delight.

16. The writer introduces the “grandmother’s dance” scene into the story in order to show:

a) the beauty of Russian folk dance;

b) talent, giftedness, beauty of the grandmother’s soul;

c) the beneficial effect of grandmother’s talent on others;

d) inability to relax in the Kashirin family.

17. About whom Alyosha speaks in this way: “This is how my friendship ended with the first person from an endless series of strangers in my native country - its best people.”

a) about the Gypsy;

b) about Uncle Yakov;

c) about a good deed;

d) about grandfather Kashirin.

c) conveyed by one of the characters.

7th grade. Test. M. Gorky “Childhood”.

Option 2.

1. Indicate the years of life of M. Gorky

2. In what city was M. Gorky born?

a) Moscow

b) Astrakhan

c) Nizhny Novgorod

3. What works make up autobiographical trilogy writer?

a) “Childhood”, “In People”, “My Universities”

b) “Childhood”, “Adolescence”, “My Universities”

c) “Childhood”, “In People”, “Youth”

4. What is an autobiographical work?

A) Autobiographical work- this is a work in which the writer gives the hero of his work his biography, his character, reflects his fate in the fate of the character. Often the autobiographical hero looks similar to the author of the work.

b) An autobiographical work is a work in which the author describes his own life.

c) Autobiographical work - a person’s consistent description of events own life.

5. Which hero does the following description refer to?

a) Grandmother

c) Aunt Natalya

6. Which hero does the following description refer to?

Quiet, timid... a woman with a childish face and such transparent eyes that through them one could see everything behind her head.

a) Grandmother

c) Aunt Natalya

7. In what year was the story “Childhood” written?

8. From whom is the story told?

c) from the third

9. How do the guys behave: Yakov and Mikhail?

a) having fun

b) constantly quarrel

c) respect each other

10. The expressions “like flowers”, “pupils dark as cherries” are:

a) comparison;

b) antithesis;

c) metaphor;

d) hyperbole.

eleven. . Talking about " lead abominations life,” the author sought to show:

a) “... That close, spiritual circle of terrible impressions in which... a simple Russian man lived.”

b) That “this is a tenacious, vile truth... This is the truth that needs to be known to the root...”.

c) That “Russian people are still so healthy and young at heart that they can and will overcome them.”

12. Who did the main character become friends with?

a) Lenya

b) Mikhail

c) Yakov

d) Gypsy

13. Who showed courage during the fire?

a) grandfather

b) Gypsy

c) grandmother

d) the hero's mother

14. Where did the main character go to study after school?

a) to the gymnasium

b) to people

c) at school

d) back to school

15. What was the “most a vivid impression"During Alyosha's illness:

a) visit to Gypsy;

b) visiting grandfather;

c) grandmother's tales.

16. How does grandfather Kashirin characterize his behavior after the fire:

a) understands the unseemly nature of his behavior;

b) grateful to grandma;

c) fears for children and for his family;

d) is afraid of losing his property rights.

17. Read the passage. What caused the changes in Alyosha’s soul: “From those days I developed a restless attention to people, and, as if the skin had been torn from my heart, it became unbearably sensitive to any insult and pain, my own and someone else’s.”

a) traveling by ship;

b) quarrel with uncles;

c) unfair and cruel punishment;

d) meeting with Good job

18. The work of M. Gorky “Childhood” is ...

a) novel

b) story

c) story

Keys “Childhood” M. Gorky

Option 1

– G

– A

– b

– A

– V

– b

– V

– G

– b

– V

– A

– V

– b

Option 2

– b

– V

– A

– V

– b

– A

– b

– A

– G

– V

– b

– A

– a, d

– V

MBOU "Pogromskaya average" comprehensive school them.

HELL. Bondarenko" Volokonovsky district, Belgorod region

Test based on the story by M. Gorky

"Childhood" for 7th grade

Prepared

teacher of Russian language and literature

Morozova Alla Stanislavovna

With. Pogromets

2014

Explanatory note

Test on M. Gorky's story “Childhood” for 7th grade allows you to determine the level of knowledge of students of this work(MK G.I. Belenky). The work contains questions on knowledge of the text, questions on the characteristics of the characters, questions on the theory of literature.

For each question, three answer options are given, one of which is correct.

The presented test can be used in class after analyzing the work.

1. Indicate the years of life of M. Gorky

1) 1868-1938

2) 1868-1936

3) 1866-1936

2. In what city was M. Gorky born?

1) Moscow

2) Astrakhan

3) Nizhny Novgorod

3. What works make up the writer’s autobiographical trilogy?

1) “Childhood”, “In People”, “My Universities”

2) “Childhood”, “Adolescence”, “My Universities”

3) “Childhood”, “In People”, “Youth”

4. What is an autobiographical work?

1) An autobiographical work is a work in which the writer gives the hero of his work his biography, his character, and reflects his fate in the fate of the character. Often the autobiographical hero looks similar to the author of the work.

2) An autobiographical work is a work in which the author describes his own life.

3) An autobiographical work is a consistent description by a person of the events of his own life.

5. What is a trilogy?

2) That's three , united into one whole by unityor ideological content.

3) This is a work, individual parts of which must be reproduced within one day.

6. In what year was the story “Childhood” written?

1) 1916

2) 1913

3) 1912

7. The name of the main character of the story “Childhood”

1) Gypsy

2) Nikolenka

3) Alyosha

8. Akulina Ivanovna was the main character

1) mom

2) grandmother

3) aunt

9. From whom is the story told?

1) from the first

3) from the third

10. Who is the head of the house in the Kashirin family?

1) Uncle Yakov

2) grandmother

3) grandfather

11. How do the guys behave: Yakov and Mikhail?

1) having fun

2) constantly quarrel

3) respect each other

12. Which hero does the following description refer to?

1) Grandmother

2) Mom

3) Aunt Natalya

13. Which hero does the following description refer to?

It was all foldable, chiseled, sharp. His satin, silk-embroidered vest was old and worn out, his cotton shirt was wrinkled, and there were large patches on the knees of his pants...

1) Uncle Yakov

2) Uncle Mikhail

3) Grandfather

14. Which hero does the following description refer to?

Quiet, timid... a woman with a childish face and such transparent eyes that through them one could see everything behind her head.

1) Grandmother

2) Mom

3) Aunt Natalya

15. Talking about the “leaden abominations of life,” the author sought to show:

1) “... That close, spiritual circle of terrible impressions in which... a simple Russian man lived.”

2) That “this is a tenacious, vile truth... This is the truth that needs to be known to the root...”.

3) That “Russian people are still so healthy and young at heart that they can and will overcome them.”

1) hidden,

3) conveyed by one of the characters.

Answers

1 – 2

2 – 3

3 – 1

4 – 1

5 – 1

6 – 2

7 – 3

8 – 2

9 – 1

10 – 3

11 – 2

12 – 1

13 – 3

14 – 3

15 – 1

16 – 2

Evaluation criteria:

"5" - 15 – 16 points,

"4" - 12 – 14 points

"3" - 8 – 11 points

"2" - 0 – 7 points

Lesson – literary quiz based on M. Gorky’s story “Childhood”

Target:
- develop an interest in reading works of Russian literature;
- instill a love for literature as the art of words;
- teamwork training

Tasks:
- test knowledge full text works;
- awaken the spirit of competition;
- rally the class team

Lesson type: repeating and generalizing lesson

Equipment:
- portrait of Maxim Gorky
- illustrations for the story “Childhood”
- computer
- multimedia projector
- screen

During the classes

The final lesson on M. Gorky’s story “Childhood” will be held in the form of a literary quiz. The class is divided into three teams. Literary quiz takes place in three rounds. The team captain chooses the question.

1 round for 1 point (5 points)

1 question

How old was grandma?
Answer: I’m already old, in my sixties, summer and spring have spread and gone.

What was the name of Alyosha's father?
Answer:Maxim Savvateich

Who was your grandfather when he was young?
Answer: barge hauler

Question 2

What happened in the Kashirin family during the days of Alyosha’s arrival?
Answer:the brothers persistently demanded from their father the division of property

What event does the story begin with?
Answer: father's death

What did Alyosha do on those holiday evenings that were so memorable?
Answer: Uncle Yakov sang and played the guitar, Gypsy danced with his grandmother

Question 3:

Why did Alyosha become attached to the Good Deed?
Answer:he did not forbid me to talk about everything that came into my head

Why weren’t Alyosha allowed to walk outside?
Answer: he fought with the guys

What event started the division of the family?
Answer: fire

Question 4

What was your grandmother's life slogan?
Answer: - Lord, Lord! Everything is so good! No, look how good everything is!

What was your grandfather's name?
Answer: Vasily Vasilievich

Who was Gypsy talking about: “Ua big resident, affectionate, the brownie loves her very much!”?
Answer: about mice

Question 5:

What award did Alyosha receive for finishing third grade?
Answer: I received as a reward the Gospel, Krylov’s Fables in binding and another book without binding, with an incomprehensible title - “Fata Morgana”, they also gave me a certificate of merit

How did Alyosha feel about his street life?
Answer:this street one for me, independent living I really liked and liked my comrades, they aroused some great feeling in me, I always restlessly wanted to do something good for them.

Who did Alyosha imagine himself to be as a child?
Answer:As a child, I imagine myself as a hive, where different simple, gray people Like bees, they bore the honey of their knowledge and thoughts about life, generously enriching my soul with whatever they could. Often this honey was dirty and bitter, but all knowledge is still honey.

Round 2 (2 points per round).

Whose portrait is this?

Her large slender body, dark, iron face, heavy crown of braided hair blonde hair, - she is all powerful and solid...
Answer: Alyosha’s mother Varvara

Square, broad-chested, with a huge curly head, he appeared in the evening, festively dressed in a golden silk shirt, corduroy pants and creaky harmonica boots. His hair shone, his slanted, cheerful eyes sparkled under thick eyebrows and white teeth under the black stripe of a young mustache, his shirt burned, softly reflecting the red fire of an unquenchable lamp.
Answer: Gypsy (Ivan)

From morning to evening he, in red leather jacket, in gray checkered pants, all smeared with some kind of paint, smelling unpleasantly, disheveled and awkward, melted lead, soldered some copper things, weighed something on small scales, hummed, burned his fingers and hurriedly blew on them, approached, stumbling towards the drawings on the wall and, wiping his glasses, sniffed the drawings, almost touching the paper with his thin and straight, strangely white nose.
Answer: Good Deed (Gregory)

His face was flat, copper, oxidized, there was some kind of greenishness in the wrinkles, what made this face especially ugly were his completely superfluous pewter eyes, which stuck so unpleasantly to my face that I always wanted to wipe my cheeks with my palm.
Answer: school teacher

She spoke, singing the words in a special way, and they easily became stronger in my memory, like flowers, just as affectionate, bright, juicy. When she smiled, her pupils, dark as cherries, dilated, flashing with an inexpressibly pleasant light, her smile cheerfully revealed the white strong teeth, and despite the many wrinkles in dark skin cheeks, the whole face seemed young and bright.
Answer: grandmother Akulina Ivanovna

Thin, dark, with bulging, crustacean eyes, ... spoke hastily, quietly, choking on words, and always looked around mysteriously, as if about to run somewhere, to hide. His brown pupils were motionless, but when he was excited, they trembled along with the whites.
Answer: Sasha is the son of Uncle Yakov

Round 3, 3 points for the correct answer

Fill in the missing words.

The living, tremulous rainbow of those feelings that are called... faded in my soul, carbon dioxide blue lights of anger at everything flared up more and more often, a feeling of grave discontent smoldered in my heart, the consciousness of loneliness in this gray, lifeless nonsense.
Answer: love

Long later I realized that......, due to the poverty and meagerness of their lives, they generally like to amuse themselves with grief, play with it like children, and are rarely ashamed of being unhappy.
Answer: Russian people

……- not scary, not dangerous, I was quietly convinced of this by my grandmother’s pitiful attitude towards them and my grandfather’s contemptuous attitude.
Answer: Poor

Summarizing

Homework: write a review about M. Gorky’s story “Childhood”

Test on M. Gorky's story “Childhood” (7th grade)
1.Real name and surname of the writer:
A) Alexey Kashirin
B) Alexey Peshkov
B) Maxim Peshkov
D) Maxim Gorky
2. Date of publication of the story “Childhood”:
A) 1902
b) 1908
B) 1913
D) 1923
3. To whom did the writer dedicated the story “Childhood”:
A) Grandfather
B) Grandmother
B) Mothers
D) Son
4. In what city did Alyosha live with his parents before going to his grandfather?
A) Nizhny Novgorod
B) Saratov
B) Astrakhan
Moscow
5. How old was Alyosha’s grandmother when he moved into their house?
A) 45
B) 50
B) 55

D) More than 60
6. What workshop did grandfather Kashirin own?
A) Shoe shop
B) Tkatskaya
B) Dyeing
D) Pottery
7. Recognize the hero by description:
“..walked quickly... in a long black robe, with a beard as red as gold, with a bird’s eye
nose and green eyes."
A) Grandfather Kashirin
B) Uncle Yakov
B) Grigory Ivanovich
D) Good Deed
8. What kind of work did grandfather do in his youth:
A) Shoemaker
B) Dyer
B) Burlak
D) Water carrier
9. Who played the guitar and sang in the Kashirins’ house:
A) Uncle Mikhail
B) Uncle Yakov
B) Grandmother
D) Gypsy
10. What animals did Gypsy feed while playing with them:
A) cats
B) Dogs

B) Mice
D) Horses
11. What is the name of the means of speech expressiveness in the highlighted phrase:
“She was stooped, almost hunchbacked, very plump, but she moved easily and deftly, like a big
cat, she’s as soft as this gentle beast”:
A) Epithet
B) Metaphor
Comparing to
D) Hyperbole
12. Indicate the main feature that distinguishes autobiographical story from others
genres:
A) A work that depicts one or more events in the hero’s life;
B) The narrative is based on biographical facts that are artistically interpreted
by the author;
C) A narration about past events, which is told on behalf of the narrator;
D) Description of a person’s life based on exact facts.
Keys:
1
2
3
4
5
6
B
IN