Examples of farce in literature. The meaning of the word farce in the dictionary of literary terms

farce

Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, Dal Vladimir

farce

m. farces pl. French joke, funny prank, funny prank of a joker. To farce, to break down, to fool around, to imitate, to make people laugh, to make jokes or things. Farsun, farsun, who farses, throws out farces.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov

farce

farsa, m., and (obsolete) FARSA, farces, w. (French farce).

A theatrical play with light, playful, and often frivolous content (lit., Theatre). Comedy and farce theater.

portable, units only An obscene, shameful, cynical spectacle (public). In most capitalist states, the so-called. "free" elections have turned into a pathetic farce.

A rude joke, a buffoonish trick (colloquial obsolete). He will make everyone laugh with his inflated speech, grimace, and common farce. Lermontov.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I.Ozhegov, N.Yu.Shvedova.

farce

A theatrical play of light, playful content with external comic effects.

trans. Something hypocritical, cynical. Rude f.

adj. farcical, -aya, -oe (to 1 meaning).

New explanatory dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.

farce

trans. An obscene, shameful, cynical spectacle.

decomposition A rude joke, a clownish trick.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

farce

FARCE (French farce, from Latin farcio - I start: medieval mysteries were “filled” with comedic inserts)

a type of medieval Western European (mainly French) folk theater and literature of an everyday comedy-satirical nature (14-16 centuries). Close to the German fastnachtspiel, Italian commedia dell'arte, etc.

In the theater of the 19th-20th centuries. a comedy-vaudeville of light content with purely external comic techniques.

farce

historical region in southern Iran. Before the Arab conquest (7th century) it was called Parsa, Persis. In the Middle Ages - the core of the states of the Buyids, Mozafferids, Zends and others.

Farce

Farce- a comedy of light content with purely external comic techniques.

In the Middle Ages, farce was also called a type of folk theater and literature, widespread in the 14th - 16th centuries in Western European countries. Having matured within the mystery, farce gained its independence in the 15th century, and in the next century it became the dominant genre in theater and literature. The techniques of farcical buffoonery were preserved in circus clowning.

The main element of the farce was not conscious political satire, but a relaxed and carefree depiction of urban life with all its scandalous incidents, obscenity, rudeness and fun. The French farce often varied the theme of a scandal between spouses.

In modern Russian, a farce is usually called profanation, an imitation of a process, for example a trial.

Farce (stop)

Farce (- Fars, or پارس - Pārs), Parsi- one of the 31 provinces (stays) of Iran, as well as a historical region. Located in the south of the country, near the Persian Gulf. Area - 122,608 km², population - 4,596,658 people (2011). The administrative center is the city of Shiraz.

Fars province is the historical homeland of the Persians and the Persian language, as well as the cradle of Iranian statehood. Latinized name Persia comes from the ancient Persian name for this area - Parsa or Parsuash.

Farce (disambiguation)

Farce- ambiguous concept:

Farce is a comedy of light content.
- The genre of medieval drama - see Farce in the Middle Ages.
Fars is an ostan and historical region in Iran.
Fars is a river in Adygea and Krasnodar region.

“Farce” - painting (1988) by People's Artist of Russia Valery Balabanov (1939-2009).

Fars (river)

Farce- a river in Adygea and the Krasnodar Territory, a left tributary of the Laba (Kuban basin).

Length - 197 km, drainage basin area - 1450 km². The total fall is 910 m, the slope is 4.61 m/km. According to the State Water Register of Russia, it belongs to the Kuban Basin District, the water management section of the river - Laba from the confluence of the Chamlyk River to the mouth, the river sub-basin of the river - there is no sub-basin.

There are large villages on the river: Novosvobodnaya, Makhoshevskaya, Yaroslavskaya, Dondukovskaya, as well as the large village of Khakurinokhabl.

The river has many tributaries. The largest of them: Psefir, Seraglio.

In the upper reaches of Fars you can see the remains of the “Turkish Wall”, the place where the Circassian defense line was during the Caucasian War. The famous bear hazel grove is located here. In the Fars Valley there is a historically famous Bogatyrskaya Polyana, which had over 400 dolmens.

Examples of the use of the word farce in literature.

Farce, which Tumas and Birgitta Karolina play on a tiny toy projector, I had myself as a child.

Soon Bhutto was arrested on clearly trumped-up charges of complicity in political murder and after a long trial farce hanged

The hero's father is familiar from Aristophanes, the Atellans and folk farce an old man, grumbling and stingy, often amorous himself.

Shrugging his shoulders and smiling awkwardly, he extended his hands forward, as if he wanted to say: so what if the solar system is disintegrating, that we are in an unusual gravitational field, on an unusual ship, in the middle of the void of space, that I am now in the middle of some kind of boudoir farce.

Hella Vuolijoki, who was at first distrustful of Brecht's adaptation, having read the play translated into Finnish, admitted that her hero had become a truly national type and that the comedy from farce turned into a deeply meaningful social play.

From afar his torment seems farce- the leaps from wisdom to stupidity and the use of the fruits of reason to play on the stomach like a drum, run around on a hundred legs or line the walls with the brain are painfully funny.

Hilda turned to Zeb and calmly asked: - First pilot, was I chosen? farce?

For the first time, citizen Ivan Ivanovich Ivanov for trying to tell the truth, similar to farce, the lads fought to the death.

And isn’t it a table, isn’t it a kind of throne and ciborium - the wooden stage of the Italian farce, covered with a canopy, with steps below?

The audience roared wildly, responding, however, not so much to the essence farce, whatever it consisted of, as much as the violent, amazingly chaotic dances of the commune girls, whose bare ankles and ankles were clearly visible under the frayed hems of their sweeping robes.

Terborkh, Metsu, Stan and others - chose secular and elegant subjects for their paintings or depicted frivolous fun, pranks, farces and festivities.

Playing with mannerist contrasts, Middleton introduced into the tragedy the features of a satirical comedy of manners, in places bordering on farce.

Between you and me, I would never have staged this play: it’s kind of trivial farce.

I desperately wanted to go home, to Foldora's farm, where I could hide from the whole world, do my work, where there were no wizards, long futile searches, nothing reminiscent of Aunt Paul and rude farce what she turned his life into.

About Caron, who reprinted rare antiques in small editions farces, facets, etc.

In modern literature there are a large number of genres and their branches. Some of them arose relatively recently, while the history of others goes back centuries. This article will describe the history of the origin of just one of these genres - farce.

The emergence and development of farce as a genre

Farce is a comedy genre that originated in Western European medieval theater. It arose back in the seventh century, but as an independent genre it emerged only in the second half of the fifteenth century. The main period of its development is considered to be the XIV-XVI centuries. Among the origins of farce are the performances of traveling comedians and carnival games during Maslenitsa. The comedians' stories determined the themes and dialogues, and carnival performances determined its mass character and dynamic playful nature. Later, mysteries begin to be filled with farces (hence its name), from which it emerged as an independent genre.

Farce in a medieval theater

Unlike other genres of medieval theater, farce was completely devoid of allegories and didacticism. After all, it is based on real life events and anecdotes. Farcical plays reflect completely realistic everyday situations. However, there are no individualized images here yet. Instead, there are mask types, such as a cunning servant, an unfaithful wife, a boastful soldier, an unlucky student, a pedantic scientist, a charlatan doctor and others. The heroes of farces act directly: they fight, swear, argue, and exchange puns. The show contains a lot of physical collisions, eccentricities, buffoonery, acute and dynamic situations that quickly replace each other. Due to such changes, as well as the free transfer of action from one place to another, the plot unfolds quite quickly. Moreover, the heroes of the farces not only made fun of the comedy of the situations, but also ridiculed certain phenomena and features.

Farce in European and Japanese theaters

European farces were staged mainly by amateur actors. The authors of medieval comic plays are mostly unknown (farces were often compiled collectively). It is known that farces were written by F. Rabelais and C. Marot; several farces of Margaret of Navarre have been preserved. The most popular in the 15th century was a series of French farces about the lawyer Patlen, who told about the adventures of a famous folk hero, vividly depicted the life of a medieval city, and showed a number of colorful figures. In general, it is on French soil that this genre - farce - begins to flourish.

The farce genre (kyogen) also existed in the Japanese Noh theater: it developed in the 14th century. Japanese farce is a genre that was closely related to folklore (satirical and everyday tales, jokes). Like its European counterpart, kyogen were small everyday scenes based on material borrowed from life itself. The main characters that the Japanese farce ridiculed were charlatan monks, stupid princes, their cunning servants, and peasants. Kyogen put forward comedy combined with life's truth as the main principle of his game. Farces in Japan were performed as interludes between dramas.

Significance in the history of world theater

Farce is an art direction that had a great influence on the further development of world theater. It is thanks to him that English interludes and Spanish pasos, German fastnachtspiel and Italian comedy of masks develop. In the 17th century, farce competed with “scientific” humanistic drama, not without success, and the synthesis of these two traditions led to the creation of Moliere’s dramaturgy.

Generally speaking, farce is a kind of connecting link between old and new theater. Its elements can be observed in Shakespeare and Lope de Vega, Goldoni and Beaumarchais. And although at the end of the 17th century the genre surrenders its powers to literary comedy, it is revived again at the end of the 19th century. The dramatic art of our time knows many works of this genre (“Suicide” by N. Jord-Man, “The Undertaking of the Big Deadviarch” by M. de Gelderod, “Zoyka’s Apartment” by M. Bulgakov, “Risk” by E. de Filippo, “The Codex was Stole” by A. Petrashkevich, etc.).

Plays in this genre continue to be created to this day. A farce is a play in literature with elements of comedy and mystery, so it is not surprising that for many centuries people continue to love and respect this branch of art. Many young creators are again resorting to the use of farce, however, they are ridiculing more modern, pressing problems that find an echo in the hearts of modern viewers.

Farce (theatre) Farce(French farce, from Latin farcio √ I fill: medieval mysteries were “filled” with comedic inserts), 1) a type of folk theater and literature widespread in the 14th-16th centuries. in Western European countries. F. was distinguished by a comic, often satirical orientation, realistic concreteness, and cheerful freethinking. F.'s heroes are townspeople. Peasants were always ridiculed, as were representatives of the minor nobility. Mask images (stupid husband, grumpy wife, stupid judge, charlatan doctor, pedantic scientist, swindler, etc.), devoid of individuality, represented the first attempt to create social types. F. were saturated buffoonery. The most famous were the French f. (15th century) “Lohan”, “Lawyer Patlen” and others. The traditions of folk f. had a great influence on the development of the democratic trend in the French. acting (farce actors of the 17th century - Tabarin, Gros-Guillaume, Gautier-Garguille, Turlupin, etc.), on the work of Moliere. Italian traditions F. became the basis commedia dell'arte, English F. found implementation in the comedies of W. Shakespeare, Spanish. F. √ in one-act plays by L. de Rueda, in interludes by M. Cervantes; German F. ( fastnachtspiel) received literary embodiment in the works of G. Sachs. F. was partially revived at the end of the 19th and 20th centuries. in the satirical plays of A. Jarry, B. Brecht. The techniques of farcical buffoonery were preserved in circus clowning. 2) In the 19th-20th centuries. a genre of bourgeois-commercial theater not associated with folk tradition: meaningless, often obscene comedies built on external comic techniques.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .

See what "Farce (theater)" is in other dictionaries:

Farce comedy of light content with purely external comic devices. In the Middle Ages, farce was also a type of folk theater and literature that was widespread in Western European countries in the 14th and 16th centuries. The techniques of farcical buffoonery have been preserved... Wikipedia

farce- a, m. farce f. 1. A comedy of the 14th-16th centuries associated with folk tradition. satirical, everyday or other content with extensive use of external comedy; presenting such a comedy on stage. BAS 1. Funny farce scenes were given in which... ... Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

- (French farce). You will produce a little drama in a comic, mostly banal spirit, a comic play. 2) funny prank, funny prank. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. Farce in broad... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

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- (French farce, Latin farsa) one of the comic genres of medieval theater. In the 7th century, in ecclesiastical Latin, farsa (farsia) meant an insertion in a church text (Epistola cum farsa, Epistola farsita, etc.), later these insertions became common in... ... Literary encyclopedia

Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

FARCE, farce, male, and (obsolete) FARCE, farce, female. (French farce). 1. A theatrical play with a light, playful, and often frivolous content (lit., theater). Comedy and farce theater. 2. portable, units only An obscene, shameful, cynical spectacle (public... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Theater "GITIS" is a theater in Moscow, a branch of the Russian Academy of Theater Arts (GITIS). Since 1958, the theater has been located in the historic Nirnzee house at Bolshoy Gnezdnikovsky Lane, 10; performances also take place on the training stage... ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Farce (meanings). Farce (French Farce) is a comedy of light content with purely external comic techniques. In the Middle Ages, farce was also called a type of folk theater and literature,... ... Wikipedia

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Books

The Spanish Tragedy, Kid Thomas. "The Spanish Tragedy" is the most famous work of the English playwright Thomas Kyd (1558-1594), who is also considered the author of the so-called ancestral "Hamlet". Appearing around 1587,"...

The medieval comic theater genre is comedy. Farce is the strange child of two incompatible parents. If comedy is his mother, then the father who gave him his name was a church text in which farce was called insertions (translation - “stuffing”) - Epistola cum farsa or Epistola farsita, however, there were many of them in hymns and even just in prayers. If we continue the comparison, looking at it, the tragedy so beloved by the ancient Roman population is not too far away. The farce in this case was that in the arena the poor tragedians were devoured by wild beasts to the cheerful cries of the spectators. It is not for nothing that the saying comes to mind that any action only for the first time can be a tragedy, repeated twice is already a farce. This ceases to convince. So what is farce?

So the term stuck to a small dramatic interlude in the 12th century. Farce is the problems of the family, and the relationship between servant and master, and trickery, and the adventures of soldiers and students, any of both farm laborers and merchants, and judges and officials.

The figurative series are replete with comic situations, achieved by fairly cheap means - with the help of brawls and squabbles. The development of the plot involves jumping from one place of action to another, there is no unity. The characters are not developed deeply; the characters mostly make puns and make wisecracks. The themes are varied and most often borrowed from the surrounding everyday life. The production means are the most primitive, since there is no preparation for the performances. By the end of the 15th century, the number of farces increased, and the genre flourished.

Farce is the heyday of French theater

The French theater, for all its infancy, had already acquired some purely farcical features by the 12th century. Building on witty plot moves. Characters - predecessor of Harlequin, alchemist, monk. The trilogy about Potilenus, the lawyer, the trickster and the swindler is becoming especially famous. Author unknown. Villon, de la Salle, and Blanchet are also suspected. Edifying and political farces were composed by Queen Margot (of Navarre, the same one). Much later, farce constantly shone through in the comedies of the famous Moliere. For example, or "The Tricks of Scapin." The critical time for the development of theater was the 17th century. Farce is leaving the French stage. A full-fledged literary comedy triumphantly takes its place.

Farce is the father of Italian comedy

Farce, in itself not a very independent dramatic action, had a huge impact on the whole world. In particular, Italy became a real home for farce, but in the end it received a talented child - commedia dell'arte, with the immortal masks of Columbine, Pantalone, Doctor and Harlequin.

Farce is the main genre on the stage of medieval Europe

The literature of other European countries has left us a legacy of examples of this genre. In Germany there were Maslenitsa games that castigated human weaknesses. In the 12th-15th centuries, the Meistersingers (German poet-singers), especially those from Nuremberg, most often succeeded in composing farces. Like knights proud of their lineage, the Mastersingers were true professionals and respected the art of poetry as a craft. And in Spain Cervantes created. The most famous farces of his brilliant pen are “Two Talkers” and “Theater of Miracles”.

- (from Latin farsum - filling, minced meat)

1) Genre of medieval folk theater: a small comic scene or play, usually of an everyday or satirical nature, performed between acts during the performance of religious dramas (mysteries) in order to entertain the audience. The heroes of F., devoid of instructiveness, usually became unlucky craftsmen, clever lawyers, charlatan monks, savvy soldiers, various kinds of rogues and swindlers, etc. The traditions of F. are palpable, for example, in the plays of J.-B. Moliere's "The Tricksters of Scapin", "The Bourgeois in the Nobility" and others.

2) In the theater of the 19th and 20th centuries. comedy-vaudeville of light content with purely external comic techniques, using elements of buffoonery, exaggeration of character traits, behavior, speech of the character, etc.

Dictionary of literary terms. 2012