Preparing for the exam in history. How to learn history from scratch to pass the Unified State Exam

In a few years, the Unified State Examination in history will become mandatory for all Russian high school students. History frightens many not so much because of its complexity as because of the volume of material. Dates, names, important events, their causes and consequences, battles, reforms, revolutions - everything needs to be learned. If you have to take this subject in a few months, then the advice of our center’s teachers will undoubtedly be useful to you.

What does the Unified State Examination in history consist of?

The first part includes 19 tasks. You must choose the answer or write the correct one, establish the correspondence, and also correctly determine the sequence.

In the second part you will have to complete six tasks with detailed answers. Basically, this is an analysis of a fragment of a historical source, the point of view of a historical figure or historian, as well as a historical essay dedicated to a certain period.

The duration of the test is 210 minutes. The minimum score is 32.

Read more about preparation

Practice. Solve tests, especially since previous years’ assignments are publicly available. If you make a mistake, be sure to work through and learn this topic.
Prepare yourself using school textbooks and FIPI manuals. There is nothing in the assignments that is not in the school curriculum. University textbooks are, of course, good, but they may not contain the answer to the question you will encounter on the exam. Most often it is recommended to prepare using the textbooks of A. A. Levandovsky and N. S. Borisov. Don’t forget to refer to well-known historical memoirs and monographs, this will help you better understand the material. We also remind you that in order to best prepare for the Unified State Exam in history, you should get a manual recommended by FIPI and practice completing the tasks. Try not to miss any of them, since you may encounter a similar exercise on the Unified State Examination itself.
Don't memorize, but learn the dates. Pointless cramming will not help you. Each date should be filled with meaning and associations; try to imagine the event in detail. By the way, it is advisable to learn the month and day along with the year.
Write down the characteristics of the rulers. Note the years of life and reign, features of the economy and politics, the main events that occurred while this person was in power. This will help you when completing tasks from the second part.
Have a good rest. During breaks between classes, watch good historical films and documentaries. For example, such as “The Romanovs”, “Palace Revolutions”, “The Youth of Peter”, “War and Peace”, films by Leonid Parfenov and other film masterpieces dedicated to different periods of Russian history.
Don't go to extremes and don't judge superficially. In a historical work, there is no need to describe Stalin as a bloody tyrant, or Catherine the Great as a quarrelsome person. Analyze the achievements and actions of political figures of that time that influenced the formation and development of states, try to be objective. Under the leadership of Stalin, our country defeated fascism, and Catherine the Second became almost the most successful ruler of her time.
Record everything you learn in a notebook. It’s better to have several notebooks - for notes, dates and terms. Be sure to write down everything that appears in the exam tasks, especially if you are encountering this “something” for the first time. Firstly, this way you will better remember the meaning of a term or date. Secondly, taking notes will help you quickly refresh your memory of what you covered the day before the exam.

The last, but most important piece of advice: don’t be lazy, read and remember key events and dates. Don't leave it until the last minute, there won't be enough time! If you are more or less confident in your abilities, but feel that something is missing, we recommend enrolling in intensive courses. Under the guidance of an experienced teacher, you will be able to quickly and effectively repeat the school history curriculum, work through exam tasks and fill in gaps (if any). We wish you success!

Oh, well that's easy enough if you're in 10th grade right now. If at 11, you woke up a little late, of course, but there is still a chance and quite a big one.

First, you need to set a goal for yourself and work towards it. My goal was 100, I started from the very beginning of 11th grade. My baggage was very small, mainly formed on the basis of a course in Russian literature of the 19th century and the work of Karamzin as retold by my father-historian. So you must sit down and clearly evaluate what you can hope for. I was preparing together with a friend, an applicant to a provincial law school, who didn’t try very hard, but he just needed to overcome the threshold of 50 points, which he successfully did.

1. The best textbook for passing the Unified State Exam is the Moscow State University history textbook by Orlov and Georgiev. You can buy it almost anywhere and it is very convenient. We teach “theory” using it.

2. Then you need to buy benefits. I took the usual ones from FIPI, plus a separate manual for complex tasks. Take a book with CIMs and solve them, write part C in full in a specially kept notebook. It is advisable to find a teacher who can test them. Or by keys. Solve as many tests as possible and get better at it.

3. Learn the codifier. Or at least read it carefully several times. You must know how each task is done. What points are given and taken away for? I highly recommend finding materials for teachers testing the Unified State Exam on the Fipi website - there are samples of tasks completed for average and high scores (Part C).

4. Buy manuals with pictures and maps. The most frequently asked questions about maps are Slavic tribes, major battles and uprisings. It is very desirable to know what each ruler of Russia looks like (I’m not talking about Rurik and Svyatoslav, but it is imperative to distinguish Khrushchev from Andropov and Chernenko).

5. Keep tables. From the largest battles of World War II to the reforms of Alexander I. If convenient, take notes. I didn’t write and just circled the right places in the textbook because it’s easier for me.

6. If you want a good score, don’t forget about culture. A lot of people miss it, especially those who are not preparing for the Unified State Exam in Literature. Feofan the Greek, Andrei Rublev, Falcone, Ton, Feofan Prokopovich and others, others, others. Learn famous churches, buildings, paintings, artists. There is a lot (!!!) of things here. Don't forget the culture of the 80s and 90s. Including TV shows.

7. Hang excerpts from your least favorite and difficult topics above the table. For me, these were all sorts of officials of the USSR (this question is very popular on the Unified State Exam) and the Pugachev uprising, I don’t even know why.

8. Be prepared to study one topic 8, 9, 10 times. History is forgotten terribly quickly because there is so much information. I advise you to start with the most ancient one and end with Putin, it’s also advisable to learn him, you never know what they’ll come up with.

9. Find a friend and prepare together. It's fun and interesting, especially if your friend knows much more than you.

Modern graduates must decide in advance where they will go to study after graduating from school. It is for this reason that students need to know what subjects they will take in order to enter university. This opportunity allows children to start early. And our article will tell you how to do it yourself.

Statistics show that most graduates choose humanities subjects such as history, social studies, literature, and so on to take the exam. Please note that no one has yet said that passing literature or social studies will be much easier than passing a test in physics or chemistry.

Thus, our article will tell future graduates how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History from scratch.

History structure

Every year, the structure of the exam in a particular subject is changed by the organizers. However, the essence remains the same: control of knowledge on the history of Russia. The Ministry of Education decided in 2017 that the history exam will consist of only two parts. This is not a reason for sadness or joy. The examination package of tasks consists of 25 questions. 19 of them should be given a short answer, and the remaining 6 should be given a detailed answer.

Exam questions are divided by difficulty level: basic, advanced and high. The higher the level, the higher the score for the correct answer. You need to know all these subtleties in order to understand how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in History. In order to complete all tasks, the examinee has 4 hours, so the graduate must allocate time in advance in order to successfully write the work. For example, you can spend no more than 7 minutes on simple questions. The student has the right to spend up to 60 minutes on difficult ones.

When should you start preparing for the exam?

The future graduate must understand that it is impossible to adequately prepare for the Unified State Exam in history in a week. During testing, the graduate must show knowledge of Russian history from the 6th grade, when children begin to study this subject.

Russian schoolchildren study the history of the Fatherland for 4 years. Imagine how much information you will need to read and remember again.

It is best to start preparing in advance, that is, in 10th grade. You need to go to the school library and take out textbooks on the history of Russia for grades 6, 7, 8 and 9.

As you read the study guides, you will need to create a chronological table of events in the Russian state. During all this time, it will be no less useful to compile a mini-directory in which historical figures will be recorded, information about what time they lived, who they were, what they created, and what reforms they carried out.

In order to consolidate the acquired knowledge, it is necessary to complete various tasks, as well as pass tests on topics. It is very important to create a work schedule or schedule according to which you will prepare. Now you understand history and get good scores.

There are several techniques that will help you remember a large amount of information even faster and better; we will talk about them further.

Mnemonic technologies

Many of you have no idea what mnemonics are. For those who work with large amounts of information, mnemonics are a must. So what is it? Mnemonics is a set of special methods and techniques for memorizing the necessary information by making associations and connections. Students actively use this technique. The brighter your association, the faster and easier the information will be stored in your memory. You ask about how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history using mnemonics? Very simple. The methods of this technology make it possible to remember the biography of historical figures.

It is enough to remember your friend who is at least a little similar to the historical figure in character, appearance, and so on. Or maybe because they have the same name. The funnier and brighter the association, the easier it is to remember the information.

We are moving on to the next technology that will help you remember numbers and dates.

How to remember the date

A lot of students complain that it is very difficult or impossible to remember a particular date. This problem also includes the difficulty of remembering the formula. In order for the numbers you need to become firmly established in your memory, you need to mentally correlate them with a number that you remember well. It could be your friends and family's birthdays or someone's phone number. You can correlate the date with familiar numbers. There is another method to remember the formula. First you need to stop perceiving it as a formula. Look at it carefully, perhaps you will see some kind of figure in it. Maybe she will remind you of a word.

Attention! Be sure to write down these associations, and review your acquired material before the exam.

Cheat sheets

Many teachers have a negative attitude towards this. But in vain! The cheat sheet will come to the aid of a person who has better developed motor memory. The thing is that when a student writes down material on paper, some of the information remains firmly in his memory. In addition, the cheat sheet is also useful for its structure. It does not contain unnecessary information, because only the most important material remains on the sheet. Also, using a cheat sheet is convenient to refresh your knowledge in your head.

Three sentences

This mnemonic method is useful for those taking a humanities subject, including history. The essence of the technique is that the student first reads a lecture or a paragraph of a textbook on the topic of the ticket, and then selects 3 main sentences from the material that will convey the material presented. They must be spoken out loud at least 3 times and then written down. This technique activates several types of memory at once. For other subjects you can compose work in the same way.

Universal questions

KIMs in history consist of questions of this type. What are they? Here are a few examples to give you an idea:

arrange events in chronological order;
establish a correspondence between the event and the year;
enter the term in question;
fill in the gaps in the text (sentence);
enter the name of the figure discussed in the text;
study the map and complete tasks on it.

Our article has come to an end. You have read a lot of useful information about how to prepare for the Unified State Exam in history. We hope you find it useful. Good luck with exams!

Today, many high school graduates prefer to choose a subject such as “History” to take the Unified State Exam. Anyone who believes that this is an easy subject to understand and pass is deeply mistaken. However, if you have made your choice, then you need to know what the main points of self-preparation for the Unified State Exam in history are from scratch.

The main mistakes of graduates

In the process of preparing for a history exam, schoolchildren often believe that they only need to read the necessary material about a particular historical event in order to understand everything. This is a common mistake, since during the reading process a person does not know what to pay more attention to and what to pay less attention to. Memory is not able to contain all the information.

Many, relying on their ability to work, believe that they will be able to master the material a week before taking the Unified State Exam. Don't delude yourself. Understanding history can only come through systematic study of new things, repetition of old ones, and constant monitoring of acquired knowledge.

Most students think that by reading textbooks they will remember all the dates and historical terms. Few people succeed in this, since the amount of information is enormous. There is no need to try to remember absolutely everything; a normal person cannot do this.

If you start preparing for the Unified State Exam only from the beginning of 11th grade in chronological order, then you may not have time to master everything before the exam, much less solve the tests. Therefore, with short preparation times, it is better to move away from chronology in mastering the material.

Let's consider two options for preparing for the Unified State Exam in history: starting from grade 10 and starting from grade 11. The main factor here is the preparation time. Based on this, a different strategy is built in each case.

Preparation for the Unified State Exam in History from 10th grade

When preparing for the exam in advance, that is, starting from grade 10, you will have enough time to thoroughly study the material and control your knowledge. For this reason, you need to study the material in chronological order. First, the Old Russian state is studied, then the Middle Ages, Modern times, and only then modernity. Having studied the relevant period, you need to thoroughly pass tests on this topic. Testing must be done until consistent positive results are obtained. Only after this should you move on to the next period.

The preparation itself on the topic begins with studying notes, manuals and maps. First, you should study the notes in your notebooks. Then you need to read the same material in a textbook and other manuals linked to a map. You should note information that was missing from the notes. Then you need to write down on paper a plan of everything you have studied. It should be brief and include points and sub-points that can easily be used to verbally reproduce all the information received. This approach guarantees the formation of lasting knowledge, since a large number of brain areas are used for memorization.

Preparation for the Unified State Exam in History from 11th grade

When preparing from the 11th grade, there is no time for chronological study of the material, so you need to study it in blocks. For example, when choosing the “Wars” block, you need to study all military conflicts in Russia according to the following scheme: the prerequisites for the war, its causes, what was the reason, the main events and results of the conflict. Be sure to use visual aids and maps. In the same way, we approach the study of other blocks “Foreign Policy”, “Culture and Art”, “Serfdom” and so on. After each block, you need to solve tests until a stable positive result appears. This approach does not allow you to study absolutely all topics of the history course, but it gives you confidence in successfully passing the Unified State Exam. It is enough to select several main topics that are most often found in tests.

We must remember that the main thing is not memorizing all the material, but its competent systematization! Therefore, the entire amount of knowledge acquired must be placed on a chronological scale with dates. This will allow you to better navigate historical events.

Instructions

Purchase additional literature to prepare for the Unified State Exam. Don't buy the first textbooks you come across. It’s better to carefully study them in the store - whether the information is in clear language, what year of issue you are holding in your hands, whether the authors clearly explain the solution, whether all the material is collected in the book. Only after the manual satisfies all your requirements, feel free to buy it.

Solve the suggested tests daily. You may come across some familiar questions and you will be able to answer them with ease. When analyzing your answers, focus on the incorrect ones. Don’t be lazy to work on your mistakes so you don’t make them again. Memorize dates, definitions, facts - you will definitely remember them at the Unified State Exam. If for some reason you have not studied for several days, try to repeat the material you have already covered, at least briefly, to “refresh” the information in your memory.

Make cheat sheets. It’s not a fact that you will take them with you on . But you will remember what you wrote down. Write down the dates that will definitely appear in the tests. Don't forget to include the names of famous people who contributed to history. Pay special attention to definitions, since Part B focuses on terms. Part C suggests more of an answer. Therefore, read as much as possible to be able to navigate, even if you come across a difficult question.

During the year, try to participate in school competitions in science - this will be a wonderful help for passing the Unified State Examination in the subject with excellent marks. Don’t be lazy to visit the library if you don’t have some material at home.

Video on the topic

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pass the exam for 100

Admission to university is just around the corner - it's time to think about exams. There is a lot of competition in your specialty, and it is advisable to pass all subjects with the highest scores. Among these subjects is also history, but somehow you are not friends with it. How to quickly learn all the huge amount of information required to pass the history exam?

You will need

Go to a bookstore and try to just read history books. It is enough to read one page to understand how clearly the author presents the material. Also arm yourself with a couple of special test guides.

Instructions

Despite the huge volume of material, the exam is the same as the others, and the exam itself is just a small obstacle that must be overcome in order to achieve the goal. Do not panic. History, like the Unified State Exam in general, is not as scary as it seems, no matter what they say.

History is not just a collection of facts that need to be memorized. She is very logical. Of course, names, dates, names of princes and emperors will simply have to be learned, but otherwise everything can be divided into blocks, which will make learning much easier. For example: politics, social sphere, culture, war.

In each point of each paragraph of the textbook there are a couple of important facts and there are details, often unnecessary and confusing, or presented in such a way that it is simply impossible to remember them. Forget about them for a while. Imagine that New Year is coming soon and that you are collecting and decorating an artificial Christmas tree. First you need to assemble the tree itself, i.e. attach the “paws” to the “trunk”, then wrap it in a garland of light bulbs, and only after that hang the toys. So: don’t try to hang toys if the tree has not yet been assembled! The period of the reign of Alexander II, for example, was all about the abolition of serfdom, judicial, zemstvo and military reforms, and then the number of attempts on his life and the construction of the Church of the Savior on Spilled Blood on the spot where he was mortally wounded.

Helpful advice

Talk to those who took the Unified State Exam in History last year. What were the questions that they found difficult?
Make contact with your history teacher. He works to help you. Surely he knows and can recommend good teaching aids.
If the story doesn't give in to your mercy, talk to your parents about a tutor. It is better to spend money on a tutor than to enroll in a university next year or choose a less prestigious university.

Perhaps every university teacher dreams of students who study diligently throughout the academic year. However, today's youth often do not take their studies so seriously, leaving more time for hanging out with friends and playing on the computer. Therefore, many students usually prepare for oral exams in a hurry. Even if you don't have much time left before exams, you can organize your time properly if you want.

Instructions

The first thing you need to pass with flying colors is proper preparation. Choose a system that suits you and stick to your schedule. When looking through tickets, try to deal with the most difficult questions first, leaving for last what you are familiar with.

One of the most common student mistakes is planning the preparation process. Most students are divided into equal parts before the exam, working on the tickets sequentially, from the first to the last. But while you are on the last tickets, the previously covered material may completely fly out of your head. Therefore, try to first learn all the C grade tickets. After this, you can memorize the same tickets more thoroughly. And finally, study all the questions thoroughly. This multi-step work will help you pass the exam.

Before you manage the money left before the exam, make yourself a clear plan of action, find out whether you are a night owl or a lark. Based on this, you can better plan your time. Don't forget to take short breaks. Long work can tire you and discourage you from working further. The usefulness of cheat sheets can be debated. But the fact that you can learn the material with their help is a fact. While you are copying information onto a cheat sheet, you are choosing and storing the most important facts and formulas in your head. Even if you don’t use any of the cheat sheets, they will help you better prepare for the exam.

Learn to relax properly. If, while studying for an exam, you feel afraid of the upcoming test, step away from the table and take a few deep breaths. Do not sit down at the table until you are completely calm. Instead of coffee and energy drinks, drink herbal teas. They tone up no worse.

Don't be dramatic. Instead of repeating on the way to the audience that you are nothing (even if this is true), it is better to assure yourself of the opposite. On the way to the exam site, better study the material you are familiar with. This way you will cheer yourself up psychologically.

Be confident. Even if the ticket is not familiar to you, be calm. Sit and think, try to read the ticket completely and make a plan for your answer. Soberly assess your capabilities, allocating a certain period of time to each question. Try to stick to this schedule. Start with the easiest tasks first. When you go out to answer the ticket, don’t lower your eyes to the floor. Be confident and don't hesitate. Even if you can’t answer a question exactly, think about it and maybe it will pop into your head.

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how to pass the exam perfectly in 2019

Each of us has been tested at least once in our lives. Regardless of the importance and significance of the test, any person experiences a certain amount of anxiety and fear when writing it. You can cope with it, the main thing is to have the right mindset and follow the basic rules when taking it.

Instructions

If you think about it, it turns out that schools give pretty good preparation for passing the Unified State Exam. They basically consist of the following: stay at home and study, study and study again. But overload can cause both a nervous breakdown and overwork, which is equally undesirable to experience before an exam. It's better to prepare, but in advance.

Preliminary preparation should begin about a year in advance. I mean for the academic year. As soon as the first of September has passed, you can immediately begin your search. The safest thing to do is to seek the help of those who teach at. Such people have much more experience, plus they can suggest some “tricks” that will help when passing the exam. Again, the presence of recommendations plays an important role. When someone “from the outside” comes, you have to take his word for it. But in fact, it is not known what kind of teacher he is and how he teaches.