"Missouri" and other most famous museum ships. The oldest maritime museums in the world Shipping Museum

These ships will never leave their refuge, as they are now museums!
1. Battleship Missouri, Pearl Harbor, USA

In Hawaii, in a quiet harbor on the territory of the US naval base in the Pacific Ocean, the battleship Missouri is permanently moored, which is associated with the last day of the bloodiest war in the history of mankind. By the day of its completion, September 2, 1945, the Missouri was an almost new, ultra-modern battleship, launched in 1944. After the Second World War was legally ended aboard the Missouri, the ship served the US Army for many decades. The last salvo of the battleship's guns was fired in 1991 in the Persian Gulf. And since 1993, the Missouri continues to serve as a museum, a visit to which is the pride of every US Army sailor.
On September 2, 1945, the Act of Surrender of Japan in World War II was signed aboard the American battleship Missouri. This ship later became a museum, like some other ships that left their mark on history.

2. Cruiser Belfast, London, UK

This British Town-class light cruiser, named after the capital of Northern Ireland, also fought bravely against the enemy during World War II. Now "Belfast" occupies a place of honor in the center of London near the Tower Bridge on the Thames. Interestingly, the cruiser and its crew were awarded in 2010 the Certificate of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation for their courage and heroism during the war. It was also announced that the Russian Armed Forces would participate in the restoration of the Belfast museum ship.

3. Icebreaker "Angara", Irkutsk Reservoir, Russia

Angara is the oldest icebreaker in Russia; it was launched in 1900. Its purpose was to lay a path for the Baikal ferry, which could not overcome the seventy-centimeter ice on Lake Baikal. The icebreaker served until 1975, until the day when it was decided to cut it into scrap metal. But this was fortunately prevented by the fact that the ship ran aground. And in 1987, a decision was made to carry out large-scale restoration and turn the icebreaker into a museum. "Angara" became a museum ship in 1990 and still preserves the glorious pages of the history of the oldest icebreaker.

4. Sailboat "Vasa", Djurgården Island, Sweden

"Vaza" is the only sailing ship of the 17th century that has survived to this day. The ship was the most expensive and grandiose sailing ship of that time, and was supposed to become the most heavily armed flagship of the Swedish fleet. The ship was launched in 1628, but due to design errors, it sank on its first voyage. In this case, about fifty people died - half of the people on board. It turned out that the Vaza had too high a center of gravity and too narrow a transverse dimension, which made the ship unstable. The ship was raised to the surface only in the last century, in 1961, and in 1990 a museum was opened on board, which became one of the most popular in Sweden.

5. Cruiser "Aurora", St. Petersburg, Russia

There is probably not a person in the post-Soviet space who has not heard of the legendary cruiser. Moreover, in the USSR poems and songs were written about it; the cruiser Aurora was the hero of feature and even animated films. Meanwhile, this symbol of the Great October Revolution has a rich and heroic history associated not only with 1917. It was launched in 1900 and participated in the Battle of Tsushima as part of the Second Pacific Squadron and then in the fighting of the First World War. The glorious history of the cruiser is reflected in the museum exhibits on board. In 2013, the Minister of Defense announced that the cruiser would be repaired and brought back into working order. This would be the best gift for the glorious Aurora.

6. Icebreaker "Krasin", St. Petersburg, Russia

Today, the icebreaker Krasin adorns the Lieutenant Schmidt embankment. This majestic ship-museum has a lot to tell its visitors about. The ship lay at the bottom, its names changed, it sailed under the English flag, and saved hundreds of lives. Its history reflects the history of our country in the twentieth century.
The first museum exhibition began its work on board the Krasin in 1995. Now active excursion work is underway here. Museum visitors can get acquainted with the history of the icebreaker and maritime laws. You can touch a lot on the ship with your hands. Here you can get acquainted with the latest navigational instruments and their predecessors, and feel the rigor of ship life. The luckiest museum guests may encounter the ghost of an icebreaker. It sometimes frightens visitors to the engine room tour.
There is also a ship's cat on the Krasin - sometimes excursionists manage to see it. They say they picked it up from a passing ice floe several years ago.

You can find out more detailed information about domestic icebreakers from Nikita Kuznetsov’s book “Domestic sea icebreakers from Ermak to 50 Years of Victory” by Paulsen Publishing House.
"Polar convoys. The Second World War in the Soviet Arctic" by Paulsen Publishing House.

Part one.
Sail.

The Solar Boat is an exceptionally well-preserved full-size rowing vessel sealed in a cache at the foot of the Cheops Pyramid some 4,500 years ago (about 2500 BC).
In May 1955, while cleaning the area near the pyramid, 2 hermetically sealed triangular pits were discovered. 40 limestone slabs were placed on top of them. After the northernmost slabs, on which the cartouche of Pharaoh Djedefre, the son of Cheops, was depicted, were lifted, a large wooden boat, disassembled into 1224 parts, was found in the pit.

The assembly process lasted 10 years, only wooden stakes and edges were used, no nails or metal devices. The assembled boat was placed in a special hangar - the Museum of the Solar Boat, not far from its burial place.

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"Olympia" (Greek: Ολυμπιάς) is a modern reconstruction of the ancient Greek trireme. The ship belongs to the Hellenic Navy. Olympia is on display in dry dock as a museum ship.

The ship was built in 1985-1987 at a shipyard in Piraeus with funds from the Greek Navy and British philanthropist banker Frank Welsh.
Sea trials of the trireme were carried out in 1987, 1990, 1992 and 1994. The most informative from a scientific point of view were the tests in 1987, during which the ship's performance characteristics were established. A team of rowers, consisting of 170 volunteers, managed to accelerate the ship to nine knots (17 km/h).

In 1993, Olympia was transported to Great Britain to participate in celebrations marking the 2,500th anniversary of democracy. In 2004, she delivered the Olympic flame to Piraeus.
Since then, Olympia has been in dry dock in the Athens suburb of Faler.
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Vasa (also Vasa, Swedish Vasa) is a Swedish warship launched in the summer of 1628. The ship received its name in honor of the Vasa dynasty of Swedish kings reigning at that time. Being one of the largest and most expensive warships of the Swedish fleet, the Vasa was supposed to become its flagship, but due to design errors the ship capsized and sank on its maiden voyage on August 10, 1628.

In 1961, the ship was raised, mothballed and is now exhibited in a specially built for it museum.Vaza is the only surviving sailing ship from the early 17th century in the world.

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San Juan Bautista (Spanish: San Juan Bautista)
Ishinomaki (Japan)
Galleon 1613
The first Japanese ship of the European type, reconstruction continues.

The ship crossed the Pacific Ocean in 1614. She was on a Spanish galleon, known in Japan as the Nanban-sen. The ship was built for the Japanese delegation to the court of the Pope, as well as for the Spanish monk Luis Sotelo.
The ship was reconstructed in 1993 in Japan by DomeDate.
The exact drawings have not been preserved, but the archives indicated the main parameters of the vessel, and some images of the vessel have also been preserved. The ship is now part of the Ishinomaki theme park.

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Ship Amsterdam of the Dutch East India Company, modern reconstruction.
The ship was built by enthusiasts in the 90s of the last century.
Firstly, it is made of different materials (oak is replaced by tropical wood), secondly, the quarterdeck and captain's cabin are made more comfortable than they were in the 18th century, but because of this the comfort of the lower decks has suffered. , that from the captain's cabin you can now get to the women's toilet.

The ship sometimes hosts performances by a youth theater, whose actors, in Dutch =(sing old sea songs, play musical mini-plays about the joys and hardships of the life of sailors on the ships of the East India Company.

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HMS Victory - Her Majesty Ship Victory.

He took part in many naval battles, including the Battle of Trafalgar, during which Nelson was mortally wounded on board.

After 1812, she did not take part in hostilities, and since January 12, 1922, she has been permanently moored in the oldest naval dock in Portsmouth.

Currently, the ship has been restored to the condition it was in during the Battle of Trafalgar and has been turned into a museum, which is one of the main attractions of Portsmouth.

USS Constitution

The second (after the English battleship Victoria, converted into a museum) of the oldest sailing ships in the world. Still active in the US Navy.

Known as "Old Ironsides" This nickname was given to the ship after it was damaged during the Anglo-American War of 1812-1814. it was noted that the cannonballs of the British ship HMS Guerriere bounced off its sides, which were made of virgin oak (English: Quercus virginiana)

Launched October 21, 1797. On July 23, 1798, he made his first trip, in 1798-1800 he participated in the “Quasi-War” of the USA and France, the Tripoli War, and the Anglo-American War of 1812-1814. In 1830, the ship, 31 years old which was quite respectable for that time, was almost scrapped. However, the poem “Old Ironsides” dedicated to the ship, published at the same time, was a great success among citizens who insisted on preserving the frigate. Instead of being scrapped, the ship underwent the first of its many restoration repairs. During the American Civil War, Constitution served as a training ship, her armament was reduced to 16 guns and she was reclassified as a second-rate ship. In 1878, Constitution took part in the World Exhibition in Paris.

In 1900, Congress approved a project to preserve the Constitution as a museum ship, but no funding was provided from the state budget. In 1905, it was proposed to take the ship out to sea and use it as a target for artillery fire, but a rising wave of protest led to the fact that in 1906 $100,000 was allocated from the budget for the maintenance and ongoing repairs of the ship, and in 1907 it was opened for visiting.

The last time Constitution underwent renovations was in 1995. In 1997, in honor of the 200th anniversary of its construction, the frigate went to sea under sail. Before this, the ship had not gone to sea for approximately 116 years.

Currently located in the harbor of Boston, Massachusetts, it offers tours.
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Trincomalee
Hartpool (UK)
Frigate 1817
Frigate, later a training ship of the British Navy from 1817 to 1897.
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Ship - museum "Prins Willem"
Holland Den Helder
Unfortunately, the museum ship (a copy of the original ship "Prince William"), built in 1984, burned down.
He was the small town's biggest attraction.
Probably due to a short circuit, the fire quickly engulfed the ship and firefighters did not have time to put it out.

The original "Prince William" (built in 1650) was just as unlucky and, after only 12 years of sailing, managed to sink near Madacagscar, taking 250 people with it.
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The Cutty Sark is one of the most famous and the only surviving tea clipper ship. It was built in 1869.
Currently in dry dock in Greenwich (UK).

and is currently undergoing restoration.
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Warrior
Portsmouth (UK)
Battleship 1860
The world's first all-metal battleship.
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Fram (Norwegian Fram, “Forward”) is the famous ship on which three Norwegian expeditions to the North and South Poles were carried out from 1893 to 1912. The ship's name means Forward in Norwegian. It was specially built as an expedition ship.
From the construction itself it is state property.
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Suomen Joutsen (Finnish: Suomen Joutsen)
Turku (Finland)
Three-masted barque 1902
Sailboat built in Nantes

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Pomern (German: Pommern)
Mariahamina, Åland Islands (Finland)
Four-masted barque 1903
One of the last merchant sailing ships
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Passat (German: Passat)
Lubeck (Germany)
Four-masted barque 1911
One of the last merchant sailing ships, later a training sailing ship

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Russia celebrated the Founding Day of the Russian Navy. Today I would like to proudly talk about the most iconic ships in Russian history, which have stood at the pier as museums, always ready to welcome tourists and history buffs.

Undoubtedly the most recognizable museum ship on our list. An object of cult of Soviet history, from the gun of which the signal was given for the storming of the Winter Palace and the beginning of a turning point not only in Russian, but also in world history. The cruiser, which took part in the Russo-Japanese War and the defense of Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War, became permanently berthed, where it remains today awaiting major repairs.

As a girl, the yacht "Admiral Zavoiko", which fled to China from the madness of the civil war, was converted into a patrol ship after becoming engaged to the navy of the Soviet Union. In this role, the “Red Pennant” managed to become one of the first ships of the Pacific squadron, caught a lot of mines during the Second World War, and then became a museum in Vladivostok’s Golden Horn Bay.

"Mikhail Kutuzov"

The cruiser, named after the heroic commander of the Patriotic War of 1812, by whose will, as is known, “Moscow was given to the Frenchman,” did not gain military glory in peacetime (although “Mikhail Kutuzov” was “lucky” to help the Egyptian and Syrian armies after the end of the Six-Day War), but turned out to be a neighbor of Novorossiysk during the famous disaster. Several dozen sailors sent to help the sinking ship did not return home. After service, the cruiser was decommissioned and in 2000 turned into a museum at the pier in Novorossiysk.

One of the exhibits of the St. Petersburg Central Naval Museum and simply the grandfather of modern nuclear submarines is about a representative of the family of the world's first combat submarines, developed by Stepan Dzhevetsky. A full-fledged participant in the Russo-Japanese War, it was too small to stand at the pier, which made it possible to turn the ship into part of a museum exhibition.

D-2 "Narodovolets"

The glorious grandson of the Drzewiecki submarine, who operated during the Great Patriotic War in the northern latitudes, sending German transport ships to the bottom, narrowly avoiding death several times. For military services after serving in the army, the Narodovolets, launched back in the twenties, was not cut into scrap metal, but was turned into a memorial museum in Shkipersky Protok, which St. Petersburg.

K-21

Another submarine on our list, which was noted during the most terrible war in the history of mankind by torpedoing (though it missed) the famous and formidable German battleship Tirpitz. The rest of the time, the submarine successfully guarded the Northern sea convoys, for which it was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and after decommissioning its role as a museum in Severomorsk.

"Krasin"

Not as ancient as the Angara, not as famous as the Lenin, but having earned itself a piece of military glory, the icebreaker Krasin became permanently moored in St. Petersburg, which serves as another museum ship. The civilian icebreaker built in 1916 (which, by the way, had to be bought back from the British who kidnapped it) was called up for military service in World War II, where it successfully provided navigation for the Northern Convoy PQ-15.

For a landlubber, visiting a ship is a great event and a lot of impressions. But a visit to a warship evokes even more positive emotions and interest. But many Russians don’t even know that museum ships can be found where they live, or very close by.

Cruiser "Aurora" (St. Petersburg, Russia)

There are probably few people who have not heard of Aurora. The famous armored cruiser was launched in 1900 and has experienced many events since then. As part of the Second Pacific Squadron, the cruiser's crew made a trip to the Far East, where they took part in the Battle of Tsushima. After the end of the Russo-Japanese War, the Aurora returned to the Baltic, where, years later, it became the most famous Soviet ship. This required one blank shot, which announced the beginning of the assault on the Winter Palace on October 25 (November 7), 1917.

The cruiser took part in the First World War, and then in the Great Patriotic War. In 1945, the ship was restored to sailing condition and it took part in the filming of the film “Cruiser “Varyag”. Next, the Aurora was turned into a floating museum, which can still be visited today.

Icebreaker "Krasin" (St. Petersburg, Russia)

Not far from the Aurora there is another historical ship. The icebreaker Svyatogor was built in Great Britain in 1916 specifically for the Russian Arctic Ocean flotilla. During the intervention of the Entente countries in northern Russia, the ship was scuttled, and then raised and taken to England. In the 1920s, the icebreaker, already renamed Krasin, returned to the USSR. In 1928, in difficult navigation conditions, the ship's crew managed to save the crew of Umberto Mobile and the steamship Monte Cervantes with 1,500 people on board.

During the Great Patriotic War, the icebreaker Krasin escorted Allied caravans through the ice fields of the Arctic. The Krasin then underwent repairs and now serves as a museum ship.

Icebreaker "Angara" (Irkutsk, Russia)

Another icebreaker museum can be found in another part of Russia - in Siberia. "Angara" was built in 1900 from parts of a vehicle kit produced in Great Britain. For decades, the ship sailed on Lake Baikal, providing navigation for the ferry.

In 1917-1920, “Angara” repeatedly changed hands. Both the Whites and the Reds needed transport on Lake Baikal.

In 1962, the ship was removed from service due to wear and tear of the equipment and, after a while, was turned into a museum.

Steamship "St. Nicholas" (Krasnoyarsk, Russia)

In another Siberian city, Krasnoyarsk, on the Yenisei River there is a steamship-museum “St. Nicholas”. It was built in Tyumen in 1886 by order of the millionaire merchant A.M. Sibiryakova. The ship, with a crew of 12 people, carried passengers and cargo for many decades. The Russian Emperor Nicholas II visited its board, as well as the future Leader of the Revolution V.I. Ulyanov. Perhaps it was the memory of Lenin that influenced the fact that in the 1970s the steamship Nikolai was not dismantled for metal, but, on the contrary, was restored.

Cruiser "Mikhail Kutuzov" (Novorossiysk, Russia)

The Project 68-bis cruiser "Mikhail Kutuzov" was built in Nikolaev and put into service in 1955. Until 1992, the cruiser went on cruises under the flag of the Soviet Navy and visited Romania, Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Egypt, Syria, and Algeria. At the moment, the ship is listed in the Navy reserve and at the same time serves as a museum.

Yacht “Red Pennant” (Vladivostok, Russia)

The sailing-screw yacht “Admiral Zavoiko” was launched in 1910 by order of the governor of Kamchatka. The ship was used to transport passengers and messages. In 1917-1923 it was in the hands of the Bolsheviks and White Guards, and was included in the Far Eastern Republic. Until the 1950s, the yacht, renamed "Red Pennant", was a hydrographic and training vessel.

K-21 (Severomorsk, Russia)

In 1941, the diesel-electric submarine K-21 became part of the USSR Northern Fleet, and a year later the whole country knew its name. It was on this ship, under the leadership of N.A. Lunin carried out a torpedo attack on the German battleship Tirpitz off the coast of Norway. In total, during the war years, the boat’s crew announced the destruction of 17 enemy ships and other vehicles.

After World War II, the boat was used as a training base, and then it was turned into a museum of military glory.

USSR submarines today can be seen in many cities of Russia: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, Ostrovnoy, Krasnodar, Kaliningrad, Vytegra of the Vologda region, Tolyatti. The M-296 boat adorns the Memorial of the Heroic Defense of Odessa (Ukraine).

Galleon "Vase" (Stockholm, Sweden)

The Vasa galleon was named after the dynasty ruling Sweden. The ship was built under the close supervision of King Gustav II Adolf, who sought to make Sweden a great maritime power. But the ship project, approved personally by His Majesty, turned out to be unsuccessful and already during the first voyage in 1628, the Vasa sank.

The ship was forgotten for a long time until a historian engineer discovered the Vaza in 1955. Thanks to the salty water of the Baltic Sea, the oak hull of the galleon is well preserved. The ship was raised and placed in a museum.