Palaces of culture are at war with gays, attracting libraries and starring in films. Palaces of culture are at war with gays, attracting with libraries and starring in films and the sea, and women's charm

The railway workers got a noble building in the spirit of constructivism. Photo: KP.

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What cultural centers bring to the people today.

DK Stroiteley: sexual minorities evicted

The Palace of Culture of the Chervonozavodsky District, better known among the people as the Builders' Palace of Culture, celebrates its 85th anniversary this year. For a long time, an institution on the square. Rudneva, 19a belonged to the construction trade unions, but 20 years ago the premises, along with the costumes, were transferred to the district authorities.

Last year, the Palace of Culture “became famous” thanks to Mayor Gennady Kernes, who stated that there was no place for a gay club in a municipal property establishment. Before that, the establishment entertained gay people for 11 years.

In the cultural center of the Chervonozavodsky district, the only non-core cafe is a cafe.

The mayor said - the mayor did. Today there is not a trace of gays left in the Palace. The building is almost entirely devoted to cultural work with children. Almost, because there is a cafe under the roof of the cultural center. Under the guise of an ordinary parent, we called one of the circles - the Karandash painting studio - and found out that they are happy to see any child over four years old, regardless of place of residence.

The main thing is how he sits,” the teachers clarified. – That is, will the child withstand classes lasting an hour and a half? Classes are twice a week, so bring them in and we'll check it out.

When built: 1928.

What is there: a painting studio, several dance ensembles, a vocal studio, a circus studio, an orchestra of folk instruments, a Russian song choir, a Ukrainian song choir, a creative development studio, a self-defense studio, a children's theater.

DK HTZ: only dancing left for adults

Previously, the Palace of Culture at 6 Ordzhonikidze Ave. was mainly used to entertain adults - employees of the KhTZ plant spent their leisure time here. Today, children are developed and educated in the building. Of the old-timers, the dance ensemble "Burevestnik" remains here.

“We are doing very serious work,” they say at the Palace of Culture. - For example, they buy paintings from the guys from the art studio even in Zehlendorf, Germany. An amateur symphony orchestra is generally a unique phenomenon. And children run to our luxurious library immediately after school.

When built: 1967.

What is there: library, song and dance group, vocal group, amateur symphony orchestra, art studio.

Palace of Culture of Zheleznodorozhnikov: pop vocals and fitness

Palace of Culture on the street. Kotlova, 83a was built in the era of constructivism. Recently, the familiar name - the Palace of Culture of the Railwaymen - was officially changed to the Central House of Science and Technology of the Southern Railway. The remarkable building was featured in the feature film “The Guide”. Today the main feature of the Palace of Culture is the Museum of the History of the Southern Railway. A large auditorium is also in demand. In October, the Ukrainian bodybuilding championship was held here.

When built: 1932.

What is there: Museum of the History of Southern Railway, children's art studio, fitness group, pop vocal studio, theater studio, folklore ensemble, dance group.

: both the sea and feminine charm

The building located on the street. Sovnarkomovskaya, 13, is the oldest of the city's recreation centers: it was built according to the design of the architect Beketov and later completed. Today, the premises are used by law enforcement officers - current and former, as well as their children.

Rehearsals are underway for the amateur theater “Children of the Future,” the only one in Ukraine, the police say. - Several times we filmed selections for television projects. In general, cultural life is vibrant. And, of course, this is where all sorts of staff meetings are held.

When built: 1893.

What is: Center for Public Relations of the Regional Ministry of Internal Affairs, Museum of the History of the Kharkov Police, Veterans Council, Maritime Museum, School of Women's Health and Charm, Oriental Dance Studio, Wedding Salon.

DK KHEMZ: rented by entrepreneurs

The former departmental building of the Kharkov Electromechanical Plant has such a complicated history that only one thing can be said for sure: it is located on Moskovsky Ave., 94. The cultural center was periodically rebuilt and reconstructed, and today entrepreneurs of all kinds simply rent premises here.

Such an organization as the Palace of Culture Khemz no longer exists,” the girl told us when we called the Palace’s old number. - You ended up in a commercial company. Culture? There is some kind of culture in the building.

When built: 1938.

What is there: from lawyers and realtors to athletes and hairdressers.

The ancient building of the Metallist Palace of Culture is undergoing renovations in full swing: it will soon be full of life.

: "dummy" with an eye to the future

The largest workers' club of its time is experiencing another revival. Today the building on the street. Plekhanovskaya, 77 no longer belongs to the Malyshev plant - it was transferred to the municipal ownership of the city.

Now renovations are underway at the Metallist cultural center, the building is being restored, the cultural department of the Kominternovsky district administration reported. - Now it is the Municipal Cultural Center. After the renovation is completed, all kinds of clubs will work there.

When built: 1909.

What is there: empty premises with a total area of 4069 sq. m. m.

To the point

With a claim to palace

Ordzhonikidze district claims to be the most “cultural” in the city. Literally a kilometer from the KhTZ cultural center there is another cultural institution - the Bearing Plant cultural center. True, in the documents it is listed as Tesis+ LLC and does not have the right to be called a Palace due to the fact that it occupies only the middle part of the building on the street. Second Pyatiletki, 38 (above it and on the sides there is housing). But as a House of Culture it is a solid “combat” unit.

The guys from “Cascade” often perform in the circus, the variety studio recently held the “Lemonade” festival, and “Men in Black” are world champions in modern dance,” Vyacheslav Polyakh, deputy director of the cultural center, boasts about his students. – Our House generally has a lot of activity. There is an assembly hall with seating for 500 people, and there are also excellent student forums, teacher forums, and much more.

When built: 1956.

What is there: a circus studio, a children's dance theater, oriental dance schools (adults and children), a ballroom dance ensemble, a children's musical development studio, an educational center, a pop miniatures studio, a health group for the older generation, a veterans' club.

A Komsomolskaya Pravda correspondent found out what cultural centers are bringing to the people today.

DK Stroiteley: sexual minorities evicted

The main thing is how he sits,” the teachers clarified. – That is, will the child withstand classes lasting an hour and a half? Classes are twice a week, so bring them in and we'll check it out.

When built: 1928.

DK HTZ: only dancing left for adults

When built: 1967.

What is there: library, song and dance group, vocal group, amateur symphony orchestra, art studio.

Palace of Culture of Zheleznodorozhnikov: pop vocals and fitness

When built: 1932.

What is there: Museum of the History of Southern Railway, children's art studio, fitness group, pop vocal studio, theater studio, folklore ensemble, dance group.

Palace of Culture of the Police: both the sea and feminine charm

When built: 1893.

Wedding salon.

DK KHEMZ: rented by entrepreneurs

When built: 1938.

What is there: from lawyers and realtors to athletes and hairdressers.

DK "Metalist": a "dummy" with an eye on the future

When built: 1909.

What is there: empty premises with a total area of 4069 sq. m. m.

To the point

With a claim to palace

When built: 1956.

As has already been said more than once, in Kharkov they love everything GIANT. In the final part, we will look at the key to understanding this gigantism - the area of Moskovsky Prospekt, which leads almost in the opposite direction to Moscow - to the Donbass. Its length is 16 kilometers, and starting from Constitution Square, the avenue goes to the very outskirts. Along it, in the first half of the 20th century, one of the largest Soviet industrial zones with several grandiose machine-building plants developed. In general, Kharkov was the largest industrial center of the USSR in terms of production volume, and despite the deep decline of its industry, one can now appreciate the scale of this Avenue of Giants (as Moskovsky Avenue was sometimes called in Soviet times).
The inspection of the avenue consisted of two walks: on one day we walked around the social city of the Tractor Plant in the evening twilight, on the other I walked from the Tractor Plant metro station to the Malyshev Plant metro station (about 8 kilometers), in the story we’ll just walk from the center to the outskirts.

Let's start our walk from the Malyshev Plant, located a little away from Moskovsky Prospekt, near the metro station of the same name. This is the oldest of the giants, founded in 1896 as a locomotive-building company and, before the war, the flagship of this industry in the Russian Empire and the USSR. A native of this plant was Fedor Sergeev, better known as Artyom, the leader of the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Republic. Since 1927, the production of tanks has been established here, which by 1968 had completely replaced diesel locomotives (but the production of large diesel engines remained - the main civilian specialization). Nowadays the tank plant is one of the few properly operating Kharkov giants, not only supplying weapons to third world countries, but also developing new modifications of tanks (for example, the T-84). This relates to the question of whether Ukraine needs military factories inherited from the USSR.

We went to the entrance of the Malyshev Plant by tram from, and the tram circled the plant for 15-20 minutes. Like most engineering enterprises, it is squat and not very spectacular; only the roofs of the workshops and thick pipes on the roofs are visible behind the fences. They say that residents of neighboring houses often see tanks on the factory grounds through their windows.
And here, on the opposite side of the street, I finished my walk along the avenue, but we will go in the opposite direction. The avenue is about a kilometer from here.

The avenue begins right on Constitution Square - I have already shown its “gate” opposite the City Council in one of the parts. The contradiction between the name and the direction did not appear immediately - the beginning of the avenue actually faces northeast, but then it began to be built up and lengthened, gradually turned to the southeast and grew almost to Chuguev. From the Malyshev plant I walked out to the very part of the avenue where the constructivist buildings of the “capital” period end:

There is quite a lot left uncovered - closer to the center there are many masterpieces of constructivism, such as the KhEMZ House of Culture, which you can read about on Wikipedia. But by the way, I have already seen and shown a lot of constructivism. It was the far part of the Avenue of Giants that was interesting to me.

The following factories are located along the avenue, from the center to the outskirts: "Sickle and Hammer" (founded in 1882 as a plant of agricultural machinery and implements; stopped in 2005, the territory is planned to be built up), Petrovsky Bicycle Plant (founded in 1923, under the Soviets riveted up to a million bicycles a year), electromechanical plant KHEMZ (founded in 1915 on the basis of those evacuated from Riga), Turboatom (since 1934), Elektrotyazhmash (since 1949), printing plant, "Air Conditioner" plant (all of them were equipped with air conditioners Soviet subways), the Ordzhonikidze tractor plant, the Kosior machine tool plant, and even a tile factory, founded not by the mayor’s wife, but in 1934.
Each of them stretches for kilometers. And the avenue is really an alley:

On both sides there are two-lane roads, to which tram tracks are sometimes added, and at the end there is also a railway. It is very convenient to walk along this alley, contemplating the industrial giants. So - let's go!

One of the last historical buildings on the avenue is a polyclinic (1925-27), part of a hospital complex founded back in the 1890s. The architecture is very strange - a hybrid of modernity and Stalinism:

The hospital itself has a very beautiful fence:

Well, then, after a kilometer and a half, the FACTORIES begin. The first one on our way is KHMZ, Kharkov Electromechanical Plant. As already mentioned, he settled here in 1915 on the basis of the World Electric Company plant evacuated from Riga. Electric motors, electric drives, power supplies and, in general, everything else that generates electricity were made here. Including batteries for tokamaks. If anyone doesn’t know what this is, let me remind you: these are thermonuclear reactors, so far only experimental “man-made stars”, where 1 kilogram of fuel would provide the same amount of energy as three million tons of coal. However, so far humanity does not have the opportunity to light a star - both in the former USSR and in the West, so far things have not gone further than research.

KHMZ is relatively small in area; only its entrance opens onto the avenue, the appearance of which is very sad. The following plant begins literally nearby:

I can’t help but notice the shopping center and its name. Well, who can tell offhand that this shot was filmed in Ukraine?! It's especially funny that the capitalist shopping center is Russian-language, while at the Soviet factory the Soviet inscription is in the correct language:

And the tower is very beautiful - it’s like a castle... Nearby is the most decorated Stalinist building I’ve ever seen:

The plant itself also has a short, much more impressive name “Turboatom”:

Although the turbines here were made for power plants of all three main types. To this day, they are in use in more than 40 countries, including at many power plants in Russia, which in recent years has been the main customer of this plant. Oddly enough, Turboatom works quite well - but it’s difficult to guess this from its shabby workshops or those turned into shopping complexes:

"Turboatom" stretches along the avenue for several kilometers, while its site is quite small in width - behind it is the railway and the private sector. The checkpoint with the propeller is located near the station and this tower is located at different exits of the Moskovsky Prospekt station:

Development along the avenue - in places the alley is interrupted by vast vacant lots, and it is in the Turboatom area that a huge number of shopping complexes are concentrated:

Closer to the Soviet Army metro station there are a couple of boxes like this - one of them seems to hide a printing plant, and the second (in this frame) is the former directorate of the former Air Conditioner plant near the Marshala Zhukova metro station:

Quite an interesting monument to the heroes of the Kharkov divisions (1973):

Another checkpoint of "Turboatom" - I walked from one to the other for at least half an hour:

Metro - it seems, "Soviet Army". Typical landscape on the avenue:

Kharkoev factories are not only giants. Although it is not at all a fact that toilets were made here, and not rocket engines:

In the area of the Imeni Maselsky metro station, the avenue crosses itself along an overpass - then its two parts are separated by a railway:

Let's look back and see a sea of the private sector with pipes and workshops sticking out of it:

The temple is being built:

Here is a very Kharkov multi-storey microdistrict. There may be houses of such series in other cities, but they are especially typical for Kharkov. And of course gray color:

In the distance is the Khladprom plant (not to be confused with the Air Conditioner, which was liquidated in 2005 - refrigerators were made there, and ice cream here):

The alley here already looks like this - a real, and at the same time extremely neglected, park between the two branches of the avenue along which the tram line is laid:

Along the edges are factory buildings. This is already a Tractor Plant - like all tractor factories, a legend of Soviet industrialization:

Tram stops resemble suburban train stations:

Twilight shot from the Traktorny Zavod metro station. Here the avenue is visible from edge to edge, and, as it moves away, it includes: a strip towards the outskirts; a railway with Losevo station, a park, a tram line, a lane towards the center, just beyond which is the KhTZ entrance:

The largest tractor plant in the USSR was built in 1930-31 in the steppe 7 kilometers from the city. It produced wheeled and tracked tractors, initially based on American models. In Soviet times, he riveted up to 50 thousand tractors a year, producing the millionth machine by 1967. Nowadays it works, making about 2000 tractors a year. However, tractor manufacturing is in deep decline throughout the former USSR (except for Belarus), in Volgograd and Chelyabinsk the situation at tractor factories is little better.

At the entrance there is a monument to Ordzhonikidze. The buildings were originally probably in a constructivist style:

On another walk, at dusk, we lexrom We walked around the social city of the Tractor Plant - here, behind the high-rise buildings and the private sector, powerful Soviet architecture begins again.

Most of these buildings are on Mira Street, parallel to the avenue:

The architecture for the socialist city is very capital - perhaps it even looks a little simpler:

The five-story buildings are also impressive:

From the Losevo platform, Frunze Avenue, a very cozy shady boulevard, goes deep into the area perpendicular to Moskovsky Prospekt:

Buildings along the boulevard:

In its original form, the village should have been even more interesting - it was supposed to connect the entire building with covered passages, turning the area into a single whole.

And what’s surprising is that the decline of the plant is not visible at all in the KhTZ area - it’s quite clean here, there are a lot of women with strollers, there’s even a working fountain at the end of the avenue. In the evening, the three of us walking here wasn’t scary - but maybe the fact that I wasn’t alone simply distracted me from thinking about the danger? I felt less comfortable alone even in the middle of the day.

The boulevard ends with a very beautiful, although newly built, Church of St. Alexander (not Alexander Nevsky!):

The last shots were taken from the bus window on the way to Izium. The obelisk at the exit from the city - the same ones, in pairs, I saw on the Belgorod highway and the Poltava highway, and on the second - almost in the center:

The Drobitsky Yar memorial is the Kharkov analogue of Babyn Yar; about 20 thousand people were shot here. Not only Jews, but the most noticeable monument is the menorah:

And this is no longer Kharkov, although along the same road - on the outskirts of Chuguev:

This is where I will finish the story about Kharkov - one of the most beautiful, powerful and original cities I have ever seen. What is most impressive about Kharkov is not even the architecture, not the scale, not all the “tricks”, but the fact that this city, from the very outskirts to the very center, is a single whole. All together - constructivism and super-tall bell towers, factories and bazaars, metro stations and streets from the center to the outskirts, high-rise buildings and modernism, faces and sculptures, voices and noises, form a unique and very complete picture. Kharkov is a city of the same order as Lvov and Odessa.

And it was Kharkov, located quite far from Donbass, that before the rise of Donetsk was considered the capital of the coal region. Having passed Moskovsky Avenue, we begin our journey to Donbass. The next part is about the town of Izyum.

DONBASS-2011
. General impression. Donetsk. Old Yuzovka.
Gorlovka. In the center.
Gorlovka. Mercury path.
Enakievo. Hundred-year soot.
Mariupol. In the center.
Mariupol. Along the sea.
Lugansk.
Krivoy Rog
Krivoy Rog. About the city.
Krivoy Rog. Metrotram.
Krivoy Rog. Old city.

In general, the building of the Palace of Culture KHMZ (Kharkov) has a glorious background.

A man in the KHMZ House of Culture in the Pobeda cinema watched the film on the big screen in splendid isolation (PHOTO)

According to the website ngeorgij.livejournal.com, back in 1902, on the site of the current recreation center, on the initiative of the Literacy Society, the People's House was built.

The construction of the building in the neo-Renaissance style was planned in two stages: first the theater part with utility rooms, then the club rooms. But only the first part was accomplished.

After the revolution, the Krasnozavodsk Regional Workers' Theater was opened in the premises of the former People's House in 1922, which in 1928 was transformed into the Krasnozavodsk Drama Theater.

In 1931, after a fire, the dilapidated building was demolished and in its place, according to a competitive design made in the style of constructivism, construction began on a new building for the Krasnozavodsky Theater.

During construction, the project underwent significant changes.

Construction of the building was delayed - it was completed in 1938.

Since the Krasnozavodsk Drama Theater was transferred to Donetsk in 1933 (where it became the Donetsk Ukrainian Drama Theatre), and the building of the opera house on Rymarskaya was involved in a new restructuring, the opera theater troupe received a new building at its disposal and became known as the Krasnozavodsk Opera House.

The central part of the façade, rounded in plan, is framed by powerful staircase pylons. Above the entrances to the spacious lobby there is a balcony-terrace, behind which there are high windows in the foyer.

The large theater hall was successfully designed. A huge rotating stage with a portal width of 15 meters and two side pockets for mounting decorations ensured the possibility of any theatrical performances and the speed of changing scenery.

The wide, comfortable amphitheater with good visibility and audibility from all places was complemented by a balcony, the curvilinear shape of which, repeating the slope of the amphitheater, united them and fit well into the proportionate space of the hall.

The sector-shaped auditorium is designed for 1,800 spectators (few buildings in Kharkov can boast of this, in fact, only KHATOB). Yes, besides this, the Palace has a cinema hall with 500 seats.

During the war, the building of the Krasnozavodsky Theater was badly damaged, so after the liberation of the city, the opera house returned to its old building on Rymarskaya, and in the building on Moskovsky Prospekt, 94, after restoration was completed in 1963, the Palace of Culture of the Electromechanical Plant was located (finally).

Even in recent times, there was a cinema "Pobeda" here. Unfortunately, it has closed. Now the only reminders of the cinema are the posters inside the building, in particular the cartoon “Volt” and the film “Inhabited Island”.

A City Watch correspondent also went there once. He watched the movie Clerks 2. And he watched it in splendid isolation.

And it was like this. The correspondent went into the cinema, and there at the box office they told him: for now you are the only spectator for the showing of “Clerks”. Then the journalist asked how many tickets he still needed to buy, and he was told two.

The correspondent, without hesitation, paid for two tickets and watched the film on the big screen in splendid isolation! Moreover, he grabbed a tray of beer and food from a cafe, which was located in the same cultural center. In short, all the delights of life in a separate Palace of Culture.