Fairy tales with the number 3 in their titles. The magical meaning of numbers in fairy tales

The number 3 is probably the most popular, fabulous number. It occurs quite often in Russian folk tales and in fairy tales of the peoples of the world. How many sons does the old man have? Three. How many bears lived in the house Masha ended up in? Of course, three. How many girls were spinning under the window in A.S. Pushkin’s fairy tale? We all know from childhood that there are three.

Fairy tale "Three Bears"
How everything is cleverly arranged in the house of the three bears. Everyone has their own: dishes, bed, chair. But then a stranger appears in the bears' house. This person is the girl Masha. Oh, how the bears didn’t like the uninvited guest...

“Three bears lived in this house. One bear had a father, his name was Mikhail Ivanovich. He was big and shaggy. The other was a bear. She was smaller, and her name was Nastasya Petrovna. The third was a little bear cub, and his name was Mishutka...”

Fairy tale "The Bear and the Three Sisters"
The three sisters live not in a mansion or a mansion, not in a house or in a hut, but in a bear’s den. They thought and thought, how could they return home to their father and mother? And they came up with...

“Once upon a time there lived an old man. He had three daughters. He went into the forest to chop wood and said: “You, daughters, bake some bread, bring me lunch...”

Fairy tale "Three Little Forest Men" by the Brothers Grimm
The Brothers Grimm are great storytellers. They not only collected fairy tales, but also processed them in such a way that for several centuries they have been read and reread, studied and remembered.

“...The girl went into the forest and went straight to that little hut. Three little people, just like that time, looked out of the window, but she didn’t greet them...”

"The Three Spinners" Brothers Grimm
“Once upon a time there was a girl who was lazy and not keen on spinning, and no matter what her mother told her, she just couldn’t get her to work.”

"Three Feathers" Brothers Grimm
“Once upon a time there was a king; he had three sons. Two of them were smart and intelligent, and the third didn’t speak much...”

The number three also appears in the following fairy tales:

"Three kingdoms - copper, silver and gold"
"Three piglets"
"Three Fat Men"

The number 3 is one of our favorite fairy numbers. But it is present not only in fairy tales. In poems, the number three is also not a rare guest.

“The troika rushes, the troika gallops,
Dust swirls from under the hooves.
The bell is crying loudly,
Now he laughs, now he rings...”

How many wise men do you think are from the English nursery rhyme ( translated by S.Ya. Marshak) went traveling by sea, not in clear weather, but in a thunderstorm? Well, of course, three. If the basin (in the original version, the trough) had been stronger, then the story about the journey of three simple-minded people, Gotham smart guys, would have been longer.

"Three wise men in one basin"
We set off across the sea in a thunderstorm.
Be stronger than the old basin,
My story would have been longer."

In which fables by I.A. Krylov does the number (digit) 3 appear?
"Three Men"
Three men went into the village to spend the night.
Here, in St. Petersburg, they made a living as a driver...;
And now they were on their way home to their homeland...

"An Old Man and Three Young People"
The old man was getting ready to plant a tree.
“Let them build; how to plant in those summers -
Three adult youths nearby were discussing...”

"Swan pike and crayfish"
Who among us has not heard about the famous trio, who “took to carrying a load of luggage,” but never brought the matter to its logical conclusion. “When there is no agreement among comrades, their business will not go well...”

And we will return to fairy tales, and remember in which fairy tales the number 3 still appears.

"Emelya" Russian folk tale
Once upon a time there lived an old man. He had three sons: two smart, the third - the fool Emelya. The brothers work, but Emelya lies on the stove all day, doesn’t want to know anything...

“The Tale of Tsar Saltan...” A.S. Pushkin
"Three maidens by the window,
Spinning late in the evening..."

The stone at the crossroads offers the hero three paths, two of which are destructive. The hero usually passes the test only on the third attempt.

Ivan Tsarevich seeks happiness in three kingdoms - Copper, Silver and Gold. We can say that the number three appears in almost all Russian folk tales, even with animal motifs, as in the famous fairy tale “Three”. The founder of Russian literature, Alexander Pushkin, who, with the stories of his nanny Arina Rodionova, absorbed the spirit of Russian fairy tales, did not bypass the troika with his love.

Why exactly the trinity?

Three is a person, like body, soul and spirit, as well as his birth, life and death, which in turn symbolizes the beginning, middle and end of any thing and any phenomenon.

Even the Earth itself is the third planet from the sun. The Christian religion, adopted by Russia, expresses God through the Trinity - Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Some researchers believe that the popularity of the Trinity came to us precisely from Christianity, this includes the three days Christ spent in hell before his resurrection, and the Trinity itself.

However, Christian numerology is also similar to the ancient Slavic belief in Triglav. The three heads of the ancient deity ruled over the heavenly world (Iriy), the earthly and underground (Nav).

Bukharinova Anna

The number three has become the most favorite number in both myths and fairy tales. Events in A.S. Pushkin’s fairy tales follow a threefold pattern, with repeated verbal phrases.

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Municipal autonomous educational institution

Secondary school No. 22

Essay

MAGICAL

THE NUMBER THREE IN FAIRY TALES

student of 2 "A" class

Head: Bukharinova Galina Aleksandrovna

Berezniki, 2012

1. Introduction……………………………………………………….. page 2

1. Chapter 1. The mysterious number three ………………………………….. p.4

1. Chapter 2. Journey through fairy tales……………………………. p.5

2.1. Sociological survey of children in the class on fairy tales... p.5

2.2. Analysis of the texts of Russian fairy tales……………………… p.7

2.3. The number three in the fairy tales of A.S. Pushkin ………………….. p.10

4. Conclusion………………………………………………………. p.12

5. List of references……………………………………………………….page 13

Introduction

“What a delight these fairy tales are!

Each one is a poem!”

(from a letter from A.S. Pushkin)

The theme of our work is the magic number three in fairy tales. The choice of my topic is due to the fact that I love fairy tales, I remember how my mother read them to me as a little girl, and now I read them with pleasure.

Relevance The topic is that now at school we are studying fairy tales in class, and this information will be useful and interesting.

Fairy tales are the most amazing among books; they are timeless. More than one generation of people has grown up on fairy tales.

Who among us does not remember the famous fairy-tale beginning: “In the thirtieth kingdom, in the thirtieth kingdom, they lived…”? And who among us, listening and reading fairy tales, has not come across the number three, which has been considered magical since ancient times.

The purpose of our work– try to understand, by analyzing the texts of Russian fairy tales, how often the number three appears in fairy tales and what it means.

Tasks:

• Find information in the literature about the history of the number 3;
• Read fairy tales in which the number 3 appears and analyze them;
• Conduct a survey of classmates and draw conclusions;

We assume that the number three is often used in the texts of Russian fairy tales, is a lucky number, brings good luck and success.

Chapter 1. The mysterious number three

We all already know how to count, and we can count a lot. And in ancient times people did not know how to count. Later, with great difficulty, people learned to count to two, and only after many, many years they began to advance in counting. After the numbers “one” and “two,” people for a long time could not come up with a name for the next number, and everything that came after two was called “many.” Only much later was a special name given to the numeral, which we call “three.” Once upon a time, the number “three” denoted the entire human world around us - it was divided into the earthly, underground and heavenly kingdoms. Therefore, the number “three” has become sacred among many peoples.

For a long time, the number three was for many peoples the limit of counting and perfection, a symbol of completeness. The number three has become a favorite number in both myths and fairy tales. Remember the tales of three little pigs, three bears, three heroes, three fat people? The number three is often found in proverbs, sayings, and counting rhymes. People have been saying for a long time:

Cry in three streams

Lie with three boxes

Bend to death

The number three was considered magical in ancient times because it was the sum of the previous numbers (3=2+1), symbolized by a triangle, and had a beginning, middle and end. There are many superstitions associated with the number three. This number played an important role in magical rituals. All conspiracies had to be pronounced three times to give them greater power. To fight the evil eye, they spit three times over the left shoulder and knock on wood three times. Those who consider the number three lucky say: “God loves the trinity.”

Well, what does three mean as a name number? This is talent, gaiety, an indication of science, sports, the world of art. So Katya, Viti, Alyosha, Dima and Fedya, if you take this into account, you will definitely come to success.

Chapter 2. Journey through fairy tales

2.1 Sociological survey of children in the classroom on fairy tales

For my research, I asked the children in the class to answer a questionnaire to find out how they feel about fairy tales and the number three.

The survey showed that 91% of children love fairy tales (9% do not).

Less than half (43%) of respondents agreed that numbers are used frequently in fairy tales. And everyone (100%) noted that the number three appears most often in the texts. The guys name five or more fairy tales that have the number three in the title.

N and the question “Do we encounter the number three in life?” everyone answered: “Often.” And only 75% of respondents noted this number as happy for themselves; for 25% it is unlucky.

2.2 Analysis of the texts of Russian fairy tales

Number "three" " In fairy tales it is usually given three desires, the stone at the crossroads offers the hero three ways, a father has three sons or three daughters, three times the hero has to overcome obstacles on his way.

One of our people’s favorite fairy tales is P. Ershov’s fairy tale “The Little Humpbacked Horse,” written more than a hundred years ago. The triple motif, and even the number three itself, is often found in the text of the fairy tale:

“The peasant has three sons,

The eldest was a smart kid,

Middle son this way and that,

The younger one was a complete fool.”

Three At night, the brothers took turns going on guard duty in the field to catch the evil thief.

“It began to get dark for the third time,

The younger one needs to get ready..."

And when Ivan the Fool caught the mare, she asked him:

"Three mornings of dawn

Set me free

Take a walk through an open field.

At the end of three days

I will give you two horses...

And I’ll also give birth to a horse

He’s only three inches tall.”

And this youngest, everyone’s favorite Ivanushka the Fool, is always tested by fate three times. The Tsar sends Ivan to distant lands, first to get the “Firebird to our royal room”, then “weeks in three » find the Tsar Maiden, and then deliver the Tsar Maiden to three day ring from the ocean.

“The next day our Ivan,

Taking three onions in your pocket,

Dressed up warmer

He sat down on his skate

And I went on a long journey...”

“Approaching the okiyan,

The horse says to Ivan:

“Well, Ivanushka, look,

Just a few minutes later three

We will come to the clearing...”

At the end of the tale, another test is prepared for Ivan. The Tsar Maiden tells the Tsar:

"… Three install large boilers

And put fires under them.

The first one needs to be poured

Cold water to the brim,

And the second - boiled water,

And the last one - milk,

Boil it with a key."

The Tsar forces Ivan to bathe in three boilers Vanyusha dives into the cauldrons:

“And he became so handsome,

Whatever can be said in a fairy tale, cannot be described with a pen!”

We notice that Ivan, third the peasant's son, having passed through three tests, swimming in three boilers, marries the Tsar Maiden.

In the text of the Russian folk tale “The Frog Princess” we also see the presence of the number three. “In a certain kingdom...there lived a king, and he had three son. The youngest was called Ivan Tsarevich.” Looking for a bride three the brother is shot with an arrow from a bow. Ivan three day looking for his arrow. playing three weddings. Three times the king gives tasks to his daughters-in-law: bake a loaf, weave a carpet, appear at a feast to see which of them dances better, and, accordingly, accepts the tasks three stage. And when Ivan burns the skin of a frog, Vasilisa the Wise says: “If only you three I waited a day, I would have been yours forever. And now farewell, look for me beyond distant lands, beyond distant seas, in the thirtieth kingdom of Koshchei the Immortal. How three you'll wear out a pair of iron boots like three If you gnaw the iron bread, only then will you find me...” Ivan is hysterical on the way three pairs of iron boots, chewed three iron bread. And the old man he met told Ivan that Koshchei had cast a spell on Vasilisa the Wise - to be a frog. three of the year. At the end of the tale, we see that Ivan Tsarevich, having overcome all obstacles, frees Vasilisa the Wise.

Let's analyze another fairy tale " Three kingdoms - copper, silver and gold" (one of the versions of the fairy tale, since there are many options for recording this fairy tale). “... Once upon a time there lived Tsar Gorokh with Queen Anastasia the Beautiful; they had three son-prince. Trouble struck - the queen was dragged away by an unclean spirit.” The “big” son goes in search of his mother. “I went and disappeared, three There was no news or rumor about him for a year.” Then the second son also disappears. The turn of “the youngest son of Ivan Tsarevich” came, and he “set off in a foreign direction.” He arrives to the “blue sea, ... and suddenly they flew to the sea thirty three spoonbills hit the ground and became red maidens.” The number 33 contains the meaning of the set.

One of the beauties helps Ivan. He finds his brothers. And the “silver golden-crested bird” leads them to the pit. Ivan “climbed into that deep hole and descended neither more nor less - exactly three of the year; went down and went along the way.” Next we see a threefold repetition in the text of the fairy tale. On his way, Ivan first encounters the “copper kingdom; sitting in the palace thirty three Spoonbill maidens embroider towels,” then “the silver kingdom; sitting in the palace thirty three spoonbill maidens embroider towels" and "golden kingdom; sitting in the palace thirty three Spoonbill maidens embroidering towels.” In every kingdom he was met by a beautiful princess. The tripling of the motif creates a measured rhythm of the narrative.

Having defeated Voron Voronovich, Ivan Tsarevich finds his mother and takes her with him. three princesses with three kingdoms and heads home, but the brothers did not want to lift him from the pit. Ivan lay unconscious in a hole for three years. But, as in other fairy tales, the third son of the king turned out to be smarter and more cunning than his brothers, got out of the pit and married the princess of the golden kingdom.

In Russian folk tales, the peasant or the king always has three son. The first and second do not carry out their father’s instructions, but third , the youngest, always wins. The third son seems to be a fool or a simpleton, but he always turns out to be luckier and more noble. He finds himself a magical bride (Vasilisa the Beautiful, Vasilisa the Wise, the beautiful princess, etc.) and marries her. And he always has magical animal helpers (horse, wolf, etc.). Fate always tests its hero three times.

1. The number three in the fairy tales of A.S. Pushkin

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was literally imbued with a fairy-tale spirit from childhood thanks to his nanny Arina Rodionovna, grandmother and servant Nikita Kozlov. The poet showed deep interest in the living folk language and folklore. In his works, the poet took into account already established traditions.

The most common numeral in Pushkin's fairy tales is the number three. Already in the beginning of fairy tales, this figure is often found. For example:

- “Nowhere, at three ninth kingdom, in three tenth state, there lived a king

Dadon..." (from "The Tale of the Golden Cockerel")

- “An old man lived with his old woman by the very blue sea. They lived in a dilapidated dugout for exactly thirty years and three year..." (from "The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish")

- " Three the girls were spinning under the window late in the evening..." (from "The Tale of Tsar Saltan").

Let's look at "The Tale of Tsar Saltan, his glorious and mighty hero Prince Gvidon Saltanovich and the beautiful Swan Princess."

Immediately from the first line we meet the number three:

"Three girls under the window

Spinning late in the evening"

Having overheard the speech of the maidens, the king chooses third a girl who “would give birth to a hero for the father-tsar.”

Just as in folk tales, Pushkin’s two sisters turn out to be evil, envious and treacherous, who begin to plot intrigues against their little sister. By deception and cunning they forced the young princess and her son to be put in a barrel and thrown into the ocean.

Finding himself on the island, the prince saves a swan from a kite, and he says:

“You, prince, are my savior,

My mighty savior,

Don't worry about me

You won't eat three days".

A miracle happens: waking up in the morning, mother and son see a beautiful city, which the swan gives them, and in which they can reign. It was as if they were resurrected again through three day. Further tripling of the motifs allows the poet to deepen the idea of ​​the fairy tale. So that the prince could get into the kingdom of Saltan, three Once the swan turns him into an insect. First he becomes a mosquito, then a fly, and then turns into a bumblebee. So Guidon three times visits the kingdom of his father, where he learns first about a wonderful squirrel, then about thirty-three heroes, and then about a beautiful princess. Three Once the swan helps the prince. This is how a miracle squirrel appears in his city:

“The squirrel sings songs,

Yes, he gnaws all the nuts.

And nuts are not simple,

All the shells are golden,

The core is pure emerald.”

Thirty-three heroes found themselves on the shore:

“And they will find themselves on the shore,

In the scales like the heat of grief,

Thirty-three heroes.

All the handsome men are daring,

Young giants

Everyone is equal, as if by selection,

Uncle Chernomor is with them.”

And the swan became a princess, who:

“The moon shines under the scythe,

And in the forehead the star is burning,

And she herself is majestic

Performs like a peahen

And how does the speech say -

It’s like a river is babbling.”

Having turned into an insect, the prince three stung his offenders several times: he “got right into the right eye” of the cook, “sat on the left eye” of the weaver, and stung Baba Babarikha, the matchmaker, right in the nose. And when he's in third Once he flew to the king, the author writes:

“And the weaver with the cook,

With his in-law Babarikha,

They sit near the king -

All three are looking at four.”

So the prince punished his aunts for evil tongues (the number four according to Pythagoras means “justice”).

So, we see that the number three appears often in this tale: three maidens, three visits of merchants to the city of Prince Guidon, three miracles. And only the third miracle becomes the final, key one, since it is it that brings Saltan to the island, where he finds his wife and son.

In Pushkin’s fairy tales, the hero must certainly pass three tests, and not just the third, but the biggest one. This testifies to the unity of the three - the necessity of each of the three, and not just the third one. Without any one of the three, the result will not be given.

Conclusion

Having analyzed Russian folk tales and the tales of A.S. Pushkin, we can safely say that the choice of numbers in fairy tales is not accidental. It is based on the popular idea of ​​the meaning of numbers.

The most common numeral in fairy tales is the number three. The number three makes the reader think of magic. The number three is one of the most positive numbers in myths and fairy tales, where the sign “third time is lucky” has ancient roots. Triple repetition in fairy tales was used to show the emotional intensity of passions. But not the same repetition, but according to the formula: 2+1. The first two times are the same, but the third time something big happens.

In folk tales, heroes usually have three wishes, and they are fulfilled only the third time: they must pass three tests or three attempts to achieve a favorable result.

The number three is often found in the texts of Russian fairy tales; it is a lucky number, bringing good luck and success.

The number three is small

But it is needed everywhere.

There are three lights in the traffic light,

And there are three horses in the harness.

In fairy tales there are three fat men,

Three girls

And Ivan rode for three days

Through forests and fields.

In the thirtieth state

He found the princess.

In Vasnetsov's painting

We see the three heroes again.

And in proverbs, riddles

The number three sounds in the answers.

Only at school, not always

And not everyone needs it.

We want a "five" rating

Receive in lessons.

Bibliography

1. Alexandrov E., Levin V. In the labyrinth of numbers. – M., 1977.

1. Pushkin A.S. Fairy tales. – M., 2007.

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Slide captions:

The magic number 3 in fairy tales The work was completed by: student of class 2 “A” Bukharinova Anna

Purpose of the work: to try to understand how often the number 3 occurs in fairy tales and what it means. Tasks: find information in the literature about the history of the number 3. Read fairy tales in which the number 3 appears and analyze them; Conduct a survey of classmates and draw conclusions;

Three sons... Three nights... Three dawns... Three days... Three inches... Three onions... Three cauldrons... Analysis of the texts of Russian fairy tales

Sociological survey in the classroom

“Three kingdoms - copper, silver and gold” Three sons... Three years... Thirty-three spoonbill maidens... Three princesses... Three kingdoms...

Three maidens... Three days... Three transformations... Three miracles... Stung three times... "The Tale of Tsar Saltan, his glorious and mighty hero Prince Gvidon Saltanovich and the beautiful Swan Princess"

Conclusions: The choice of numbers in fairy tales is not accidental; The most common numeral in fairy tales is the number 3; The number 3 is often found in fairy tales and is a lucky number that brings good luck and success.

An invaluable source of wisdom and inspiration for a child. In this section you can read your favorite fairy tales online for free and give children the first most important lessons of world order and morality. It is from the magical narrative that children learn about good and evil, and also that these concepts are far from absolute. Each fairy tale presents its short description, which will help parents choose a topic that is relevant to the child’s age and give him a choice.

By listening to fairy tales, children not only acquire the necessary knowledge, but also learn to build relationships in society, relating themselves to one or another fictional character. From the experience of relationships between fairy-tale characters, the child understands that one should not unconditionally trust strangers. Our website presents the most famous fairy tales for your children. Choose interesting fairy tales from the table provided.

Why is it useful to read fairy tales?

The various plots of the fairy tale help the child understand that the world around him can be contradictory and quite complex. Listening to the hero's adventures, children virtually encounter injustice, hypocrisy and pain. But this is how the baby learns to value love, honesty, friendship and beauty. Always having a happy ending, fairy tales help the child to be optimistic and resist various kinds of life's troubles.

The entertainment component of fairy tales should not be underestimated. Listening to fascinating stories has many advantages, for example, compared to watching cartoons - there is no threat to the baby's vision. Moreover, by listening to children's fairy tales performed by parents, the baby learns many new words and learns to correctly articulate sounds. The importance of this is difficult to overestimate, because scientists have long proven that nothing affects the future comprehensive development of a child more than early speech development.

What kinds of fairy tales are there for children?

Fairy tales There are different ones: magical – exciting children’s imagination with a riot of imagination; everyday - telling about simple everyday life, in which magic is also possible; about animals - where the leading characters are not people, but various animals so beloved by children. A large number of such fairy tales are presented on our website. Here you can read for free what will be interesting to your baby. Convenient navigation will help make finding the right material quick and simple.

Read the annotations to give the child the right to independently choose a fairy tale, because most modern child psychologists believe that the key to children’s future love of reading lies in the freedom to choose material. We give you and your child unlimited freedom in choosing wonderful children's fairy tales!

Introduction………………………………………………………….. …………….page 3

Chapter 1. About the history of the number three……………………………………………... page 4

Chapter 2. Journey through the fairy tales of A.S. Pushkin……………………………..page 5

Chapter 3. Questionnaire…………………………………………………………page 9

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………...page 10

References…………………………………………………………….page 11

Appendix………………………………………………………………………………..page 12

Introduction.

Theme of our work- the mysterious number three in fairy tales. The choice of our topic is due to the fact that we really love fairy tales. When I was very little, my mother read them to me, and now my brothers and I enjoy reading them ourselves.

Relevance The topic is that at school we study fairy tales and this information will be useful and interesting.

Fairy tales are the most amazing among books; they are timeless. More than one generation of people has grown up on fairy tales.

Who among us does not remember the famous fairy-tale beginning: “In the thirtieth kingdom, in the thirtieth kingdom, they lived…”? And who among us, listening and reading fairy tales, has not come across the number three, which has been considered magical since ancient times.

Purpose of the study:

understand why the number “3” is often found in fairy tales.

Research objectives to achieve goals:

collect materials about the number “3”;

learn and talk about the history of numbers;

About the history of the number three

In ancient times, people learned to count to two with great difficulty, and only after many, many years they began to advance in counting. Every time something unknown and mysterious began after the deuce. When they counted “one, two, many,” then after two there was “that’s all.” Therefore, the number three, which should have followed the number two when counting, meant “everything.”

Numbers are an expression of a certain quantity. All nations had only manual counting: three was shown with three fingers. And if it was necessary to write down numbers, the fingers were replaced with sticks. What number, so many sticks. Sometimes they were placed lying down, sometimes standing. Roman numerals, which are especially similar to hand counting with a stick, were written like this – standing up: I, II, III. And in the current figures that came to us from the Arabs, only one stands like an outstretched finger, the rest have fallen to one side. Three are lying sticks with two oblique strokes.

The number three has become the most favorite number in both myths and fairy tales. Here are vivid examples: a stone at a crossroads offers the hero three paths, he is sent to distant lands, to the thirtieth state, a father has three sons or three daughters, a goldfish and a genie each grant three wishes, the third time everything usually works out, “three maidens under the window ...”, three heads of the Serpent Gorynych, three arrows of Ivan Tsarevich in the fairy tale “The Frog Princess”.

The number three is often found in proverbs, sayings, teasers, counting rhymes, and tongue twisters. People have been saying for a long time:

Cry in three stream.

Get lost in three pine trees

lie with three boxes

A journey through the fairy tales of A.S. Pushkin

Among the books, the most amazing are fairy tales. The most common number in Pushkin’s fairy tales is the number 3. The number “3” in fairy tales makes the reader think about magic, about perfection. After all, in Russian fairy tales, wishes are always fulfilled only for the third time.

Thus, in “The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda,” the seemingly stupid worker Balda agrees to work for just 3 slits.

The time of reckoning is already approaching, the seriously frightened priest wants to “destroy Balda, sends him to hell to collect “arrears for 3 years”. Three times The bastard “twisted the rope” at sea and gave no rest to the devils. Three times Bald measured his strength with the “sent imp.”

The little devil came up with the first two tasks:

“Which of us will run around the sea sooner?”

A third task Balda himself asked:

“Lift up the mare,

Carry it half a mile."

We see how the cunning Balda dashingly and cheerfully defeats the devil.

No wonder the devils of Baldy were afraid. The priest awaits his retribution with the same fear.

With each click the force of the click increases. We feel the humor in the word "click." Not a blow, but a click. What kind of blow should Balda have if his click is so powerful? So much for “stupid” Balda. He turned out to be smarter and more cunning than even the priest.

His first fairy tale-poem by A.S. Pushkin called it “The Tale of Tsar Saltan, of his glorious and mighty hero Prince Gvidon Saltanovich and of the beautiful Swan Princess.”

Already in the first line we read:

« Three girls under the window

We spun late in the evening.”

Only desire third girl The king, who quietly overheard the girls’ speech “behind the fence,” fell in love with giving birth to a hero for the father-tsar.

Just like in folk tales, Pushkin’s 3 The two sisters turned out to be evil, treacherous and envious. By deception and cunning they forced their younger sister and son to be thrown into the ocean.

In 3 days As soon as the barrel with the mother and baby was thrown into the ocean, the prince and queen began to reign in the city given to them by the swan. The miracle happened in 3 days. It was as if they had been resurrected again. So that the prince could get into the kingdom of Saltan, three times the swan turns him into an insect. First he becomes a mosquito, then a fly, and then turns into a bumblebee. In his father's kingdom, he first learns about a wonderful squirrel, then about 33 heroes and, finally, about a beautiful princess. Three times The swan helps out the prince.

Transformed into an insect three The prince stung his offenders several times: “the mosquito bit into the aunt’s (cook’s) right eye,” “it sat on the weaver’s left eye,” and stung Baba Babarikha, the matchmaker, right on the nose.

When for the third time The prince flew to Tsar Saltan, we read:

“And the weaver with the cook,

With his in-law Babarikha,

They sit near the king -

All three are looking at four.”

Indeed, the cook and the weaver each had one eye left, and Baba Babarikha had two. This is how the prince punished his aunts for their evil tongues.

Start " Tales of the Fisherman and the Fish" suggests that the old man and the old woman lived together for many years:

“They lived in a dilapidated dugout

Smooth thirty years and three years».

Just as in the previous tale, the triple motif creates a measured rhythm of the narrative.

Three times the old man threw his net into the sea:

Once he threw a net into the sea, -

A net came with only mud,

Another time he cast a net, -

A net came with sea grass,

The third time he threw a net, -

A net came with one fish,

With a difficult fish - golden.

The fairytale kingdom where the action of “The Tale of the Golden Cockerel” takes place is “ in the distant kingdom, in the thirtieth state", which means very far.

Three More than once an army went out to fight the enemy. Eight days after the king’s eldest son left, the rooster crowed. After the youngest son left, again 8 days later the rooster again announced an enemy attack.

The tsar himself went for the third time.

IN " The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights» we also meet with number "3".

Three times The evil princess turns to her mirror.

Elisha asks for help three times in his quest:

"towards the red sun"

"towards a clear month."

"to the violent wind."

And only from the wind does he know where the princess is.

After the death of the princess, the heroes "we waited three days, but she did not rise from sleep.”

Questionnaire

We conducted a survey in three classes of our school. The survey was conducted in 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades. A total of 30 people took part. The questionnaire included 5 questions:

What numbers have you come across in fairy tales?

What number is the most common in fairy tales?

Name your favorite number.

Is the number 3 connected to your family?

Name the numbers found in proverbs and sayings.

After processing the questionnaires, we received the following information. When answering the first question, 23 people marked the number “3”, in second place was the number “7” - 5 people, in third place was the number “4” - 2 people.

In the second question, 25 students indicated the number “3”.

The guys gave very different answers to the question about their favorite number. Many numbers were named as favorites. The most common number was the number “5”. This is understandable; you only want to have excellent grades. The number “5” was chosen by 14 people. The number “3” was in second place in popularity - 6 students consider it lucky. In third place was the number “8” - 5 people.

For the first time, the children realized the connection between the number “3” and their own family. This survey question required only a “yes” or “no” answer, but many answered in detail, the number of family members, etc. Family connection with the number “3” for 24 people.

When answering the last question, 19 people chose the number “3”.

Conclusion

Having analyzed the fairy tales of A.S. Pushkin, we can say that the choice of numbers in fairy tales is not accidental. It is based on the popular idea of ​​the meaning of numbers.

The number three is one of the most positive numbers in fairy tales, where the sign “third time is lucky” has ancient roots. Heroes usually have three wishes, and they are fulfilled only the third time: they must pass three tests or three attempts to achieve a favorable result. The number three is often found in fairy tales and is a lucky number that brings good luck and success.

The number three is small

But it is needed everywhere.

There are three lights in the traffic light,

And there are three horses in the harness.

In fairy tales there are three fat men,

Three girls

And Ivan rode for three days

Through forests and fields.

In the thirtieth state

He found the princess.

In Vasnetsov's painting

We see the three heroes again.

And in proverbs, riddles

The number three sounds in the answers.

Only at school, not always

And not everyone needs it.

We want a "five" rating

Receive in lessons.

Literature:

I'm exploring the world. Children's Encyclopedia: Mathematics/I 11 Avt.-comp. A.P. Savin et al.: - M.: AST Publishing House LLC, 2001.

A complete textbook for elementary school. 1-4 grades. 2013

Golden tales. A.S. Pushkin, 2014