What are the most ancient cultural monuments known to mankind? Monuments of Russia. Great monuments of Russia

Russia has always had many monuments. But only a few became the most famous, the most iconic works of art. So, our 10 most famous monuments in Russia:

1. Monument to Peter I - Moscow

The official name is the Monument “In Commemoration of the 300th Anniversary of the Russian Fleet.” The author of the monument was Zurab Tsereteli. The grandiose sculptural composition was installed on an artificial island on the spit, at the confluence of the Moscow River and the Obvodny Canal, not far from the famous Red October confectionery factory. The opening of the monument was timed to coincide with the celebration of the 850th anniversary of Moscow. The total height of the monument is 98 meters, it is the tallest monument in Russia, and one of the tallest in the whole world.

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2. Monument “Worker and Collective Farm Woman” - Moscow

“Worker and Collective Farm Woman” is an outstanding monument of monumental art, “an ideal and symbol of the Soviet era,” representing a dynamic sculptural group of two figures with a hammer and sickle raised above their heads. Author - Vera Mukhina; concept and compositional plan of the architect Boris Iofan. The monument is made of stainless chromium-nickel steel. The height is about 25 m. It is located on Prospekt Mira, near the Northern entrance of VDNKh.

Initially, the monument to a worker and a collective farmer was developed for an exhibition in Paris, but the resulting result stunned everyone. After all, not only fundamentally new materials were used for the monument (stainless steel had not been used before), but also new principles of construction. After all, before this, it was also not necessary to enlarge it 15 times from life; it was a grand experiment.

Remarkable facts of the monument to the worker and the collective farmer:

· The monument to a worker and a collective farmer was delivered to Paris in 28 railway cars, but even this separation was not enough, because some parts did not fit into the tunnels and had to be cut further.

· Before the opening of the monument in Paris, sabotage was noticed in time, someone sawed off the cables of the crane that was assembling the monument at the exhibition, after which round-the-clock security was posted from volunteers and employees who came to assemble the monument.

· Initially, the monument to a worker and a collective farmer was assembled within 1 month; people worked in three shifts, sleeping only for three hours in a nearby barn, where a large fire was always burning in the center.

· In Paris, the monument was assembled in 11 days, although 25 days were planned.

· It is a symbol of the Mosfilm film studio.

· Dismantling, storage and restoration of the legendary sculptural composition cost the budget 2.9 billion rubles

3. Monument Motherland Calls - Volgograd

The sculpture “The Motherland Calls” in Volgograd is the compositional center of the monument-ensemble “To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad”, located on. This statue is one of the tallest in the world, occupying 11th place in the Guinness Book of Records. At night, the monument is illuminated by spotlights. The total height of the monument is 85-87 meters.

Its military name is “Height 102”. During the Battle of Stalingrad, the most fierce battles took place here. And here they later buried the dead defenders of the city. Their feat is immortalized in the unique monument-ensemble “To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad,” erected in 1967 according to the design of the famous Soviet sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich.

4. Monument-obelisk “To the Conquerors of Space” - Moscow

The monument to the “Conquerors of Space” was erected in Moscow in 1964 to commemorate the achievements of the Soviet people in space exploration. This is a 107 m high obelisk lined with titanium panels, depicting the trail left behind by a rocket located at the top of the obelisk. The poetic lines of Nikolai Gribachev are laid out in metal letters on the façade:

And our efforts are rewarded,
What, having overcome lawlessness and darkness,
We forged fiery wings
To your country and your age!

Initially, the option of placing the monument on the Lenin Hills (today Vorobyov Hills) between the building of Moscow State University was considered. M.V. Lomonosov and an observation deck overlooking Luzhniki. It was supposed to be made of smoky translucent glass with night lighting from the inside. The height of the monument was supposed to be 50 m. At the personal suggestion of S.P. Korolev, it was decided to cover the monument with a coating of “space” metal - titanium. The height of the grandiose monument doubled and amounted to 100 m, and the total weight of the entire structure was 250 tons. The final site for the construction of the monument was a vacant lot near the entrance to VDNKh and the metro station of the same name.

The monument became a symbol of a qualitative technological leap of its time: on October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first Artificial Earth Satellite, on April 12, 1961, the cosmos spoke the language of man - and this language was Russian.

Along with the obelisk, a new type of building structure was born - the inclined tower. History preserves in its tablets only one such structure - the famous “Leaning Tower”.

5. Monument “Millennium of Russia” - Veliky Novgorod

The Monument “Millennium of Russia” is a monument erected in Veliky Novgorod in 1862 in honor of the thousandth anniversary of the founding of the Russian state. The monument resembles a bell. Its upper part is a ball symbolizing power - the emblem of royal power. The total height of the monument is 15 meters. This is one of the most iconic monuments in Russia, more about it.

6. Monument to Sunken Ships - Sevastopol

The Monument to the Sunken Ships is the most famous military monument of Sevastopol, was depicted on the Soviet coat of arms of the city and is considered one of the main city symbols. The monument is located in Sevastopol Bay, near the embankment of Primorsky Boulevard. The majestic and proud monument to sunken ships is one of the most beloved by residents and guests of the city. It is a symbol and calling card of Sevastopol. Height - 16.7 meters.

There is another monument that is significant for Sevastopol - the brig "Mercury" and Captain Kazarsky. This was the first monument in the then young city. About it .

7. Monument to St. George the Victorious - Moscow

The statue of St. George the Victorious is located on the territory of Moscow’s Victory Park and is part of the memorial complex on Poklonnaya Hill. Located at the foot of the obelisk dedicated to the 1418 days and nights of the Great Patriotic War. Saint George the Victorious strikes a snake, which is a symbol of evil, with a spear. The statue of St. George the Victorious is one of the central compositions of the memorial complex.

8. Monument “Bronze Horseman” - St. Petersburg

The Bronze Horseman is a monument to Peter I on Senate Square in St. Petersburg. The opening of the monument took place in August 1782. It is the very first monument in St. Petersburg. Later it got its name thanks to the famous poem of the same name by A. S. Pushkin, although in fact it was made of bronze.

9. Monument to mammoths in Khanty-Mansiysk

The sculptural composition “Mammoths” appeared in Khanty-Mansiysk in 2007. The creation of this monument was timed to coincide with the 425th anniversary of the capital of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. The sculpture is located on the territory of the famous Archeopark. The sculptural composition consists of 11 bronze monuments. The total weight of these monuments exceeds 70 tons. All monuments are set in life size. The height of the tallest mammoth exceeds 8 meters, and the smallest mammoth is only 3 meters in height.

10. Monument “Alyosha”

Memorial “To the Defenders of the Soviet Arctic during the Great Patriotic War” (“Alyosha”) is a memorial complex in the Leninsky district of the city of Murmansk. The main figure in the memorial is the figure of a soldier in a raincoat, with a machine gun over his shoulder. The height of the monument's pedestal is 7 meters. The height of the monument itself is 35.5 meters, the weight of the hollow sculpture inside is more than 5 thousand tons. “In its height” “Alyosha” is second only to the Volgograd statue “Motherland”. Nevertheless, it is among the highest monuments in Russia.

The custom of erecting monuments, sculptures and obelisks in cities that perpetuate events or historical figures is almost as old as the rituals of holidays or funerals. The art of sculpting has been honed over thousands of years so that people passing by beautiful figures will admire human greatness. It so happened that almost all of the most grandiose Russian monuments were left to us from the Soviet era, because then the colossality of the monuments had a special political significance.

10. Monument to Lenin in Dubna (37 m)

In the famous Soviet and now Russian scientific center in Dubna, there is a huge monument to Lenin. Even without a pedestal, the height of the figure of the leader of the proletariat is 25 meters. They placed it near the lock separating the Moscow Sea from the Volga bed. A park was built around the monument, from which the panorama of the Moscow Sea is clearly visible. There also used to be a monument to I. Stalin, but under Khrushchev it was blown up.

9. Friendship forever (42 m)

This monument, inaugurated in 1983, was dedicated to Russian-Georgian friendship. That year marked the 200th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Georgievsk - that was the name of the treaty, according to which the Georgian kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti voluntarily became part of the Russian Empire and found itself under its full protection. This composition was staged on Tishinskaya Square, where the famous Georgian Settlement was located until the 19th century. From the point of view of execution, the monument is a column composed of vertically located, hard-to-distinguish letters of the Cyrillic and Georgian alphabet, from which the words “peace”, “unity”, “labor”, “brotherhood” are formed. The column is crowned with a wreath of grapes, into which ears of wheat are woven; symbolism is also visible in this: wheat is Russia, and grapes are Georgia.

Kazan is one of the most beautiful and oldest cities on the Volga. The capital of the current multinational Tatarstan combines Western technologies...

8. Monument to Yuri Gagarin (42.5 m)

At the height of the Moscow Olympics in July 1980, a new huge monument appeared in the capital - this time to the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. It was made of titanium, which is widely used in the manufacture of spacecraft. The production of the cosmonaut figure took 238 cast elements connected to each other by welding and bolts. The most difficult thing was making the face - the largest element, weighing 300 kg, although one melt of a vacuum furnace could produce much less metal. The figure of the astronaut looks very dynamic - it seems to be directed upward. The semantic part of the composition is the high ribbed pedestal - it means the launch of a spaceship.

7. Alyosha (42.5 m)

Residents of Murmansk decided to make their own monument, officially called “Defenders of the Soviet Arctic during the Second World War,” the namesake of the famous monument to the Soviet soldier-liberator in Bulgaria - “Alyosha”. The soldier is depicted here in a long overcoat. In 1975, it was installed on Cape Verde Hill so that it was visible from anywhere in the city - it was actually 173 meters higher than the average level of the urban landscape. The height of the figure is 35.5 meters, and it stands on a pedestal 7 meters high. This sculpture became part of the architectural and sculptural complex dedicated to the defenders of the Motherland. Nearby is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

6. Monument to Vladimir Lenin in Volgograd (57 m)

At one time, this particular monument became a figure in the Guinness Book of Records as the tallest among monuments dedicated to real historical figures. Ilyich, by the way, occupied the pedestal on which his successor, I. Stalin, had previously stood, but which was later dismantled. Lenin is not very original here - he is depicted walking briskly with a cap in his hand. The monument was opened on the 103rd anniversary of the birth of the leader of the revolution, that is, in 1973. The height of the figure itself is 27 meters.

Many people like to watch horror films before going to bed, but the impressions will be much sharper if such fans go to places that are almost ready...

5. Worker and Kolkhoz Woman (58 m)

This monument became a world-famous symbol of the USSR; its image could be seen on various postcards, stamps, and other Soviet products, and the Mosfilm film studio made it its screensaver. This sculptural composition was commissioned by the state to decorate the Soviet pavilion at the international exhibition held in France in 1937. Elena Mukhina portrayed the heroes of her time - young people from the leading political classes of Soviet society - a young male worker and a female collective farmer. In synchronously extended arms they hold a hammer and sickle. The sculpture seems to say that they are building a peaceful life and striving for simple happiness.
After returning from France, the monument was placed in Moscow near the entrance to VDNKh, although according to the original plan it was supposed to decorate the area in front of the lock tower of the Rybinsk Hydroelectric Power Station. But the preparatory work at the hydroelectric power station was delayed, so it was temporarily placed near VDNKh, and there it remained forever laid up. Another sculpture was made for the hydroelectric power station. For this reason, the pedestal for the monument turned out to be too low - less than what was intended by the authors, otherwise the monument would have become three times higher. Before France, the statue was transported disassembled in 28 wagons, but even in this case, some elements got stuck in narrow places on the track, so they had to be cut right on the road.

4. The Motherland is calling (87 m)

Until 1997, the largest statue in the country was the sculpture of the Motherland, installed in Volgograd on the Mamayev Kurgan. Fortunately, no one here even thought of challenging its semantic and architectural significance - in terms of the emotional impact of this sculpture there are few equals in the world, and not just in Russia. A female figure with a sword raised high in her hand and half-turned back, as if appealing to the invisible people with a call to stand up against the enemy.
This statue was installed in 1967 and for 22 years after that it was the tallest sculpture in the world, for which it was included in the Guinness Book of Records. The statue itself is made of reinforced concrete, and the 33-meter sword, which weighed 14 tons, was originally made of titanium and stainless steel (to sparkle). But it had too much windage, and transferred a significant load received from the wind to the hand holding it. Therefore, just 10 years later, the monument needed to be repaired. A sword made of a different material, equipped with holes to reduce windage, was placed in the hand.

Thanks to its history, noisy, huge, ancient Moscow is rich in various sights and interesting historical places. It's impossible to study...

3. Monument to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet (98 m)

Very soon it will be 20 years since a huge monument to the work of Z. Tsereteli was erected on the Moscow River. Just as before its installation, to this day Muscovites, to put it mildly, do not like this work of the prolific Georgian. They do not like the monument both from an aesthetic point of view and from the point of view of its cost; moreover, it requires a lot of money for annual maintenance. There are still calls to dismantle this monster, which disfigures the surrounding cityscapes.
To install the monument in the middle of the Moscow River, an island was specially built. The colossal bronze figure weighs more than 2,000 tons, and the cost of installing the pedestal, the central figure on the ship with sails, exceeded $36 million. The complex structure of the monument took more than a year to assemble. Regarding the history of this “masterpiece,” there is a very popular version that the author made a monument to Columbus, who discovered America for Europeans, but could not impose his creation on either the Spaniards or anyone in both Americas, so he urgently baptized him as Peter I. In addition, , there was no connection between the formation of the Russian fleet and Moscow, since Peter was doing this when he was already rebuilding the new capital.
After the appearance of the monument, mass protests began among Muscovites, who even raised funds for its dismantling or transfer to St. Petersburg. There was even an attempt to blow up the monument. But the then mayor’s office, which patronized Tsereteli, ignored these protests, and the dark tsar continues to frighten Muscovites.

2. Monument to the Conquerors of Space (107 m)

This proud monument appeared in the capital in 1964, when the country felt real euphoria from successes in space exploration. They placed it at the end of the Alley of Cosmonauts, near the main entrance to VDNH, near the metro station of the same name, now this is the northeastern administrative district. The 107-meter obelisk, sparkling in the sun with titanium sheets, depicts a rocket heading into the sky, followed by a gas plume.
At the base of the monument there is a statue of the first ideologist of astronautics, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. The facade of the stylobate is equipped with poems by Nikolai Gribachev, laid out in metal letters, and around the stylobate are depicted high reliefs of Soviet scientists, engineers and workers - all those who turned the dream of space flight into reality.

Vladimir is a very ancient Russian city, it has a centuries-old rich history and special architecture. The heyday of this city occurred during the period...

1. Victory Monument (141.8 m)

The tallest monument in Russia was erected after the collapse of the USSR - in 1995. It became the obelisk in Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill, installed on Pobediteley Square. The height of 141.8 m is symbolic - if you convert it into decimeters, you get the number of military days. The obelisk is given the shape of a triangular bayonet, the edges of which are decorated to a considerable height with bronze bas-reliefs. At the 104-meter mark, a bronze sculptural group is attached to the obelisk - the goddess of victory Nike with a crown and two cupids trumpeting victory.
The opening of the memorial took place on Victory Day along with the entire memorial complex. This unique design, due to the peculiarities of its shape, even being within the framework of the architect’s plan, exhibited aerodynamic instability. Therefore, her model was repeatedly tested in the TsAGI wind tunnel in order to minimize this property.

Archaeological finds typically provide scientists with very detailed information about the past. But it happens that scientists themselves find themselves at a dead end, because they cannot explain either the origin or purpose of artifacts. In our review of 10 amazing architectural objects found by archaeologists in different parts of the planet.

1. Templar buildings (Malta and Gozo)

The Templars lived on the islands of Malta and Gozo in the Mediterranean Sea for 1,100 years (from 4000 to 2900 BC), and then simply disappeared without a trace, leaving behind only amazing structures. As far as modern archaeologists can tell, their disappearance was not caused by invasion, famine or disease. It can be argued that these mysterious people were obsessed with building stone temple complexes - about 30 of them were found on 2 small islands. Researchers found numerous evidence of sacrifices and complex rituals in these temples, as well as an abundance of phallic symbols.

3. Underground pyramids of the Etruscans (Italy)

In 2011, archaeologist Claudio Bizzarri stumbled upon Etruscan pyramids beneath the medieval Italian city of Orvieto. First, archaeologists noticed Etruscan-style steps that were carved into the wall of the wine cellar and went down. After excavations, a tunnel was discovered that led to a room with walls sloping upward. Continuing their descent, archaeologists discovered Etruscan ceramics from the 5th and 6th centuries BC, a number of other artifacts more than 3,000 years old, and about 150 inscriptions in the Etruscan language. During the excavations, it was discovered that the steps lead even lower, into another tunnel leading to another underground pyramid. Excavations are still ongoing.

4. Ancient tundra (Greenland)

Until recently, geologists believed that glaciers, when moving, play the role of a kind of skating rink that “erases” plants and soil layers from the surface. act as forces of erosion, clearing away everything they move along from plants and soil into the top layer of bedrock. But now, scientists must rethink this theory, since pristine tundra has been discovered under a 3 km thick glacier. Plants and soil have been frozen for over 2.5 million years.

5. Lost Temple of Musasir (Iraq)

In Kurdistan in northern Iraq, locals recently discovered real archaeological treasures dating back to the Iron Age (more than 2,500 years ago). Quite by accident, they discovered the bases of pillars (the supposed lost temple of Musasir), as well as other artifacts, including statues of people and life-size goats. The statues are believed to have been an important part of burial rituals in the Urartu civilization. Further excavations are unsafe as the region remains littered with unexploded mines from past border conflicts.

6. Palace of the Han Dynasty (Siberia)

When Soviet workers were laying a road near the Mongolian border, they accidentally unearthed the foundations of an ancient palace in the immediate vicinity of the city of Abakan. By 1940, archaeologists had completely excavated the site, but were unable to solve the mystery of the ruins. The age of the ruins of a huge palace with an area of ​​about 1500 square meters was determined to be 2000 years. However, the palace was built in the style of the Chinese Han dynasty, which ruled from 206 BC. to 220 AD The catch is that the palace was located right on enemy territory, controlled at that time by the nomadic Xiongnu people. The Xiongnu raids were so constant that the Great Wall of China was built to protect against them.

7. Seven Provincial Pyramids (Egypt)

In southern Egypt, near the ancient settlement of Edfu, archaeologists have discovered a step pyramid that is several decades older than the Great Pyramid of Giza. Built 4,600 years ago, this three-stage pyramid belongs to a group of seven "provincial pyramids" that were made from sandstone blocks and clay mortar. The Edfu Pyramid is only 5 meters high, although previously its height was about 13 meters. Six of the seven pyramids are almost identical in size and do not contain internal chambers, so they were not intended to be used as tombs. Their purpose is still unknown.

8. Magical sanctuaries (Armenia)

During excavations in 2003-2011 of the Armenian fortress in the city of Gegharot, archaeologists discovered three sanctuaries, whose age is about 3,300 years. They are believed to have been used for fortune telling, and with the help of these sanctuaries local rulers predicted their future. At the center of each one-room temple was a clay basin filled with ash, as well as ceramic vessels.

9. Buddhist Temple (Bangladesh)

A recent archaeological discovery may reveal the early life of Atish Dipankar, a revered Buddhist saint who was born in Bangladesh more than 1,000 years ago. In the Munshingaj district, the ruins of a Buddhist city and temple were discovered, the age of which is about 10 centuries. Scholars believe that it was in this temple that Dipankar taught his followers before leaving for Tibet.

10. Tel Burna (Israel)

In southern Israel, archaeologists have discovered an Iron Age site and numerous artifacts that suggest Tel Burna is in fact the biblical city of Libn, one of the places where the Israelites stayed during the Exodus, when Moses led them out of Egypt. If this assumption is correct, then Tel Burna is part of the Kingdom of Judah, which also included Jerusalem.

Mysterious artifacts are found not only among architectural monuments. Today there is, at a minimum, .

7 chosen

The Moscow Kremlin and Red Square, the historical center of St. Petersburg, the white stone monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, the Kremlin of Rostov the Great, the Kizhi Pogost, Peterhof, Solovki, the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, the Nizhny Novgorod, Kolomna and Pskov Kremlin - the famous historical monuments of Russia, the list of which goes on. and further. Russia is a country with a huge cultural past, its history still holds many secrets and mysteries, every stone of ancient Russian cities and monasteries breathes history, behind each is human destinies. In these autumn days, the multimedia project-competition "Russia 10" is coming to an end, giving us the opportunity to learn about the most famous and beautiful places in our country and in the first place - the main historical monuments of Russia, the wonders of architecture and architecture, the magical creations of the hands of Russian masters.

Kizhi

On one of the islands of Lake Onega in Karelia there is the famous Kizhi churchyard: two wooden churches of the 18th century. and an octagonal wooden bell tower (1862). The architectural ensemble of Kizhi is an ode to Russian craftsmen, the pinnacle of carpentry art, “wooden lace”. According to legend, the Transfiguration Church was built with one ax, which the master threw into Lake Onega, finishing his work without a single nail. Kizhi is the real Eighth Wonder of the World.

The main historical value of Rus' is the hands of its masters...

Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon

The Moscow Kremlin is a real treasury of monuments of Russian history and culture. Some of them are the Tsar Bell and the Tsar Cannon. They are famous not only for their size, but also for their amazing history...

The Tsar Bell was ordered to be cast by Empress Anna Ioannovna. At her request, foreign craftsmen were supposed to do this, but when they heard the required dimensions of the bell, they considered the empress’s desire... a joke! Well, who cares, and who cares. The father and son of Motorina, bell masters, began work. It didn’t take them as long to create the project as the subsequent approval by the Moscow Senate office, which lasted for 3 whole years! The first attempt to cast a bell was unsuccessful and ended in an explosion and destruction of the furnace structure, and after this one of the craftsmen, Father Ivan Motorin, died. The second casting of the bell was carried out by the master’s son Mikhail Motorin, and three months later, on November 25, 1735, the birth of the famous bell took place. The bell weighed about 202 tons, its height was 6 meters 14 centimeters, and its diameter was 6 meters 60 centimeters.

They took a cast, but didn’t pick it up! During a fire in 1737, a piece weighing more than 11 tons broke off from the bell, which was still in the smelting pit. The Tsar Bell was lifted from the foundry pit only in 1836, thanks to Montferrand, who knew a lot about lifting heavy structures. However, Rus' never heard the voice of the Tsar Bell...

Tsar Cannon on Ivanovskaya Square is considered a monument to Russian artillery. The length of the bronze gun is 5 meters 34 centimeters, the barrel diameter is 120 centimeters, the caliber is 890 millimeters, and the weight is almost 40 tons. The formidable weapon was supposed to guard the Moscow Kremlin from the Execution Ground, but, according to weapons experts, its power was suitable for destroying fortress walls, but not for defense. Cast by the famous foundry master Andrei Chokhov in 1586 under Fyodor Ioannovich, it never took part in hostilities. According to legend, they fired from it only once - with the ashes of False Demetrius.

Mother Rus', everything is special for her - and the Tsar Cannon does not fire and the Tsar Bell does not announce good news...

Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God

On the Day of the Intercession of the Mother of God in 1552, Russian troops stormed Kazan, the capital of the Kazan Khanate. In honor of this event, Ivan the Terrible ordered the construction of the Church of the Intercession in Moscow. How many legends and traditions are associated with it...

Previously, another church stood on this site - the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity, where St. Basil the Blessed, the most revered holy fool in Rus', was buried, collecting alms for the construction of this temple. Later, others began to be built around the Trinity Church - in honor of the most significant victories of Russian weapons. When there were already about ten of them, Moscow Metropolitan Macarius came to Ivan the Terrible with a request to build one large temple on this site.

The central tent of the Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God was consecrated first, then a small church was completed on the grave of the holy fool, and the temple began to be called St. Basil's Cathedral. The cathedral symbolizes Heavenly Jerusalem - its 8 chapters create the eight-pointed star of Bethlehem. According to legend, at the end of construction, which lasted 6 years, the king, delighted with the unprecedented beauty of the temple, asked the builders if they could do something similar. The price for an affirmative answer was the blinding of the craftsmen by order of the sovereign, so that there would be nothing more beautiful on earth...

Several times they tried to destroy the Temple, services in it were banned and allowed again, but it survived for centuries, just as the Russian land resisted all troubles.

The Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God is a beautiful and many-sided holy Rus'.

Peter-Pavel's Fortress

The Peter and Paul Fortress is the core of the city on the Neva, a historical, architectural and military engineering monument, one of the main symbols of Russian history. It was from Petropavlovka that the construction of the city of Peter began on May 16, 1703. All of it is history, the history of wars and revolutions, faith and love. Its bastions bear the names of Peter the Great's associates: Menshikov, Golovkin, Zotov, Trubetskoy, Naryshkin and Sovereign bastions.

In the center of the fortress is the Peter and Paul Cathedral - a symbol of the formation of a new city in Russia. It contains the history of the Imperial House of Romanov; the cathedral became the necropolis of Russian emperors, where their ashes from Peter I to Nicholas II rest. Near the walls of the Cathedral there is the Commandant's Cemetery, where 19 commandants of the Peter and Paul Fortress (out of 32 who served it) are buried.

The fortress was both the defense of the Northern capital and its state prison: the prisoners of the Trubetskoy bastion were Tsarevich Alexei, the Decembrists, Chernyshevsky, Kostsyushko and Dostoevsky, Narodnaya Volya, ministers of the Russian Empire, Socialist Revolutionaries and Bolsheviks.

Petropavlovka, like Russia itself, is both an intercessor and a prison, but, nevertheless, the Motherland...

Monument "Millennium of Russia"

The monument "Millennium of Russia" was erected in Veliky Novgorod opposite the St. Sophia Cathedral and the former building of the Government Places in 1862 in honor of the thousandth anniversary of the legendary calling of the Varangians to Rus'. The anniversary of its opening is celebrated these September days.

Authors of the monument project: sculptors Mikhail Mikeshin, Ivan Schroeder and architect Victor Hartman. To create a monument-symbol of Russian history, a competition was announced, to which several dozen works were submitted. The winner was the project of young sculptors - M. O. Mikeshin, who graduated from the Academy just a year ago, and I. N. Schroeder, a volunteer student in the sculpture class of the Academy of Arts.

The Syktyvkar City Court ordered the local publication “7×7” to pay 200,000 rubles for insulting the symbol of military memory. Last year, an interview with a popular blogger appeared on the pages of the publication, who called the Military Glory complex by the popular name “women frying a crocodile.” Soon after this, Roskomnadzor received a complaint from one of the readers, who saw in the publication a desecration of the symbol of military glory. The court's decision is not clear to everyone, since a similar name was previously used in the central press. In connection with these events, we suggest recalling the unofficial names of other monuments in our country.

Women fry a crocodile

In the city of Syktyvkar there is an eternal flame and a monument. People call this monument “Women frying a crocodile.” It's all about the wreath, which from a certain angle looks like a crocodile. The popular name for the monument appeared from the first days of its installation in 1981.

Andrey Rublev draws Lenin from life

Monuments to Andrei Rublev and Vladimir Lenin on Cathedral Square in the city of Vladimir. The bronze figure of Lenin faces the Pushkin Park and the monument to Rublev. It turns out that Andrei Rublev is drawing the leader of the world proletariat from life.

Three people came out of the forest

In Korolev, near Moscow, on Victory Alley, there is a Memorial of Glory, nicknamed “Three Came Out of the Woods,” as there is a small forest behind it. The names of soldiers who died in the Great Patriotic War are engraved on the slabs.

Liver Monument

Monument to the victims of radiation disasters in the city of Orel by sculptor V. Mikheev in the square of the liquidators of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. It is called the “liver monument”.

Pissing Lenin in St. Petersburg

The kindest of the informal names of this monument are “Lenin with a cap” and “dancing Lenin”, due to the unusually expressive pose of the monument. But most of all, local residents know the monument to Lenin on Moskovskaya Square as “pissing.”
At a certain angle, Lenin's left hand turns into a reproductive organ, which only grows larger as passers-by move towards the Moscow department store.

Five minutes to seven

The Monument to the Heroes of the October Revolution and Civil War is a monumental sculpture installed in Ufa. In common parlance it is called “Five to seven.” The name appeared during the Soviet Union. There used to be a store nearby that closed at 7:00 pm.

Student suicide

A sculpture by Vardkes Avakyan called “Prometheus” is on the facade of the SUSU building in Chelyabinsk. Popularly nicknamed the “suicide student.”

Beavis and Butt-head

Monument to Vasily Tatishchev and Wilhelm de Gennin, located in Yekaterinburg on Labor Square. Young people call it a monument to “Beavis and Butt-head.”

Pushkin on a skateboard

On November 5, 1999, a bronze monument by G. A. Gevorkyan, erected with public funds, appeared in the Literary Quarter of Yekaterinburg. The poet is depicted in a nightgown, with his arms bent, which symbolizes the unexpectedness of inspiration.
People nicknamed the monument “The Karate Kid” for its aggressive swing of the hand and “Pushkin on a skateboard” for the unusual shape of the pedestal.

Tadpole

Monument to Valerian Kuibyshev, erected in 1938 on the square, which is also named after Kuibyshev, in the city of Kuibyshev (now Samara). Made according to the design of the sculptor Manizer. The size of the sculpture’s head is slightly exaggerated compared to the rest of the structure, which is why the monument received an unflattering nickname from the townspeople - “tadpole”.

At an appointment with a proctologist

Monument to Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky by sculptor Alexander Rukavishnikov. Installed near the building of the Russian State Library.
Fyodor Mikhailovich sits in a very strange position, for this reason the monument received such nicknames as “Monument to Russian Hemorrhoids”, “At an appointment with a proctologist”, “Bekhterev’s disease”, “Ek twisted!”

Fridge with a beard

Monument to Karl Marx in Moscow - erected in honor of the founder of Marxism, leader of the international communist movement Karl Marx on Theater Square.
“In the 60s, a monument to Karl Marx was erected in Moscow. - Faina Georgievna, have you seen the monument to Marx? - someone asked Ranevskaya. - Do you mean this refrigerator with a beard that was placed in front of the Bolshoi Theater? - Ranevskaya clarified.”

Slaughterhouse

The monument to the Soviet writer, public figure, Nobel Prize winner in literature Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov was erected in Moscow on Gogolevsky Boulevard.
The sculptor wanted to depict horses floating on water, but it turned out that the heads seemed to be severed, which is why the sculpture is called “Slaughterhouse”. Also in winter it regularly turns into a monument to “Grandfather Mazai”, when enthusiasts mold hares out of snow into an empty boat.