Learning to draw with a child. Pencil drawing lessons step by step

Kids really like to draw, but by middle preschool age their works of art barely resemble anything realistic. How to organize drawing classes for children 4-5 years old in such a way as to instill in the little ones a love of fine art and teach them how to draw simple drawings? We'll tell you where to start, what the benefits of such lessons are, and what art supplies you can use.

The benefits of drawing

Creative activities are an important element in the development of a child. Preschool children are characterized by visual-figurative thinking, so drawing lessons are of great importance at this age stage.

Drawing helps in the development of:

• imagination;
• abstract logical thinking;
• fine motor skills;
• logic;
• creative thinking;
• attentiveness.

Drawing is also a reason to spend more time with your baby, which has a significant impact on his psycho-emotional development.

Accessories

What supplies you need for class depends on what you plan to draw with. And you can do this in different ways:

• fingers;
• palms;
• tassels;
• pencils;
• felt-tip pens;
• cotton swabs;
• cotton wool

You can use coloring books or just landscape sheets.

To make drawing for children as effective as possible, use a variety of objects and forms of lessons. For example, you can show your child several creative techniques using colored pencils, and the next day reinforce these techniques by drawing with crayons on the asphalt, etc. Children 4-5 years old may not like the monotony of drawing with felt-tip pens or pencils, so it is important to periodically change the methods training.

5 learning ideas

To teach a child to draw, you need to know a few interesting techniques that will instantly get your little one excited about learning. Consider them and start with the most suitable one.

• Blots.

This is a simple method, but kids love it very much. You will need a landscape sheet, paints and brushes. Fold the sheet in half, draw a butterfly wing on one side, then press the halves tightly together so that the wing is imprinted on the empty part. In this way you can draw not only a butterfly, but also a leaf, a flower, two friends, etc.

• Geometric figures.

Use geometric shapes familiar to your baby. For example, to draw a girl step by step, use a circle, line and triangle. First, we draw the head (show the baby how to draw a circle), from the circle you draw a dress in the form of a triangle, the legs and arms are drawn, respectively, with lines.

• Stencils.

Prepare in advance various stencils that the child will first trace and then paint. Gradually he will remember the image and shape, and he will no longer need a stencil to draw a certain object. If the baby has a stencil of a square, triangle and rectangle, then he will be able to draw a house. Then he will begin to imagine what else he could draw from these figures.

• Prints.

At 5 years old, children love to color in something and then make prints. You can start with your palms, then take prints from convex surfaces. Curly seals are now being sold, from which a child can create images. From the flower prints you get a flower field, and above it you can draw a sun from a geometric figure - a circle.

• Applications.

Combine drawing with other creative techniques. You can draw a background (blue sky, mountains, rocks, etc.), and cut out other objects (stars, clouds, trees) from paper, color them and glue them to the background. You can also use colored sand or beads.

Conclusion

Drawing with children is part of your communication with them. During classes, you constantly talk to your child, ask leading questions, and when he thinks about them, he comes to certain conclusions. This is how his ideas about the world are formed. When drawing the sea, the child may have never seen it, but he already knows what color it is and that there are waves on the sea. By depicting a tree, the baby remembers what it is made of and that the time of year can be determined by the foliage. Be sure to include drawing lessons in your child’s activities, because it contributes to the full formation of his personality.

It turns out that the human figure is drawn according to the rules. If you follow them, the drawing turns out to be quite reliable. How to teach a child to draw people and lay the foundations of artistic literacy?

Drawing a person's face

Ask a child what a person's head looks like, and he will answer that it is an oval.

• Draw an oval, slightly narrowed downwards.
• We mark the oval into four equal sectors (draw lines crosswise). Divide the horizontal line into 4 equal parts. Vertical (its lower part) into 5 parts.
• The pupils are drawn at the side points symmetrically from the center, directly on the horizontal line. The tip of the nose is the second line from the top, the mouth is the second line from the bottom. Teaching a child to draw a person is not so difficult - as you can see, so far everything is simple.
• Draw the upper eyelids and finish the lips. An equilateral triangle lies between the outer corners of the eyes and the center of the lower lip. The height of the ears is equal to the length of the nose. Mark the contours of the hairstyle.
• Finish drawing the eye - finish drawing the lower eyelid and the upper (its lower border). Draw some eyelashes.
• Eyebrows begin to be drawn at the level of the inner corner of the eye. The form is arbitrary. At the same stage, the width of the bridge of the nose is outlined. Shade the dark areas and leave the illuminated areas light.

How to teach a child to draw a person? Before teaching your child, practice yourself.

Change the shape of your mouth, eyebrows, chin. “Customize” the model in a new way. Make sure you get a new face each time. It is important for a child to understand the location and proportions of the parts of the face.

Remember, that:

• a woman's nose is smaller than a man's
• men's eyebrows are wider and lower
• women's lips are more voluminous
• the male chin is more angular and slightly larger
• women have thin necks
• the female eye is more expressive, this difference is conveyed by the eyelashes
• Women's upper eyelids are larger than men's
• a man's mouth is wider and his lips are narrower

How to teach children to draw a little person, their own age? The image of a child's face has its own differences:

• a child's neck is thinner than an adult's
• the face is smaller in relation to the head
• ears are disproportionately large
• round cheeks
• lips are fuller
• eyelashes are longer and eyebrows are thinner
• snub nose
• Create a drawing of a human figure

Modern canons of beauty require certain relationships between parts of the body: the human head (its height is the unit of measurement used by artists) fits eight times the height of a person (from the top of the head to the floor).

How to teach a child to draw a human figure with a pencil? We will start with a simpler plot - a man stands straight, facing us. Let's mark the head at the top of the sheet.

Draw a straight line perpendicular to the floor, measuring the head 7 more times. Next, we make markings, marking the main milestones of the figure directly, counting units of measurement from the top of the head to a certain point:

• to the center of the chest: 2 units
• to the navel: 3 units
• to the pubic bone: 4 units
• to the middle of the thigh: 5 units
• to the center of the knee: 5 units and another part from the crown to the eyes
• to the bottom of the knee: 6 units
• to the middle of the shin: 7 units
• to the floor: 8 units

How to teach a child to draw a person? By studying the proportions, we found that the length of the torso holds 3 units, and the length of the legs holds 4 units. The width of the leg at the beginning of the thigh accommodates one unit.

The hands also correspond to the established proportions:

• from the line corresponding to the center of the chest, 3 three units are placed
• The width of a woman's shoulder and the width of her head are equal
• The width of a man's shoulder is equal to one unit

• Schematic figure of a man

  How to teach a child to draw a person who moves? Now that we are familiar with proportions, we can try to draw a diagram of a moving person.

  For the diagram of a person who is facing the artist, the conventional designation of the pelvis and torso is accepted - an equilateral trapezoid. Although this is not necessary. In order for female and male figures to differ, it should be remembered that:

  • a woman's trapezoid-torso is narrower than her trapezoid-pelvis
  • the trapezoid-torso in a man is wider than the trapezoid-pelvis

  The smaller bases of the trapezoids make up the waistband of the figure. A figure drawn with trapezoids looks like an hourglass.

  When a person is turned sideways, the torso and pelvis are indicated by ovals.

  When drawing schematic figures, follow some rules:

  • the elbow is at the level of the beginning of the thigh
  • arms and legs located closer to us partially overlap the ovals of the torso and pelvis
  • the oval, indicating the torso, is larger than the lower one, indicating the pelvis
  • when the body position changes, the angles between the lines change

  After the “skeleton” of the figure is ready, it is covered with muscles and clothing. They complete the details of the face and hairstyle, and add the necessary items: a bag, sports equipment, furniture.

  Before teaching a child to draw a person step by step, observe people in different situations. It would be nice to invite a model - a family member or a childhood playmate.

Today, with the help of a detailed step-by-step lesson, we will learn draw a child with a pencil. The article describes the stages of construction and the creation of a shadow. The portrait of a baby differs from an adult in its parameters. The eyes and cheeks will be more expressive, and the nose and lips less so. So, let's start drawing and find out how how to draw a child Right.

Tools and materials:

1. White sheet of paper;
2. Simple pencils (hard and soft);
3. Eraser.

Stages of work:

Photo 1. At the first stage, use a simple pencil to sketch a rectangle without using a ruler. Making a drawing by hand:

Photo 2. Let's calculate the dimensions of our form. The height of the rectangle should fit one and a half times the width, which means one and half the height. If everything agrees in size, you can move on to the next point. But you should take the sizes responsibly, because if they are not calculated correctly, then the drawing will not turn out correct and beautiful. So let's double check:

Photo 3. We will use our rectangle as the basis for the face. Let's draw a slightly rounded upward line at the top. The right side will be lower than the left:

Photo 4. Using an eraser, remove the top horizontal line of the rectangle. We round the bottom corners:

Photo 5. Let's draw a similar curved line on top. Let's make serifs for the cheeks:

Photo 6. Now let's create the eyes. We retreat half a centimeter from the edge on the left and right and divide the segment into equal three parts. From the middle segment we lower two lines down, which will diverge slightly towards the bottom. Below we will define the chin and make it rounded. The nose will be located in the middle of the face, and from the nose to the chin we will make a notch for the mouth:

Photo 7. Add large oval eyes. Towards the edge they will be more pointed. Let's add holes on the nose. We can make the cheeks more “loose” and round them:

Photo 8. Add a header image. It will have a drawing of a bear cub and his ear on the right. The cap will show curves and small folds. Let's check the vertical line on the left. We slightly detail the lines of the collar of the sweaters. There will be several of them. Don't spend too much attention on clothes. The main task for a portrait is the face:

Photo 10. Let's determine the main direction and location of the shadow. The light will fall from the top right, which means the shadow will be located on the left. Let's grab the forehead, neck, left side of the nose, cheeks and chin:

Photo 11. Now using the shadow we create the shape of the face. It is important to remember that the direction of the strokes helps create volume. Add shadows around the eyes, forehead and nose. But you shouldn’t put too much shadow on your cheeks, because they stick out a little and receive a lot of light:

Photo 12. Add touches to the hat and ear. At the same time, we work on the facial features and the shadow on it:

Photo 13. We continue to work on volume. At this stage, we can lightly describe the clothes, identifying folds on them:

Good day, dear parents. Today we will talk about how to teach a child to draw step by step. You must understand that this method is the most accessible for young children. We will consider age characteristics, as well as the basic rules and methods of reproducing some paintings using special algorithms.

What are the benefits of drawing

1. The child develops fine motor skills.
2. The drawings reveal the worldview, convey emotions and feelings.
3. The baby develops his own opinion.
4. When a child draws, the right and left hemispheres of the brain actively develop. Thus, he, in essence, plays and shows his creative inclinations.
5. Promotes the development of visual skills, speech, memory, touch and thinking.
6. The process allows you to develop discipline, self-organization and perseverance.
7. The baby gets used to finishing what he starts.
8. Drawing can be considered as a way of relaxing time, which replaces active games.

A step-by-step method of creating drawings

Step-by-step drawing is a method of depicting drawings, which makes it possible to do it sequentially, following simple instructions and diagrams. First you need to teach your child to draw simple drawings, and then move on to more complex ones.

Often, even adults find it difficult to understand how to draw a particular creature or object. Knowing how to do this using simple geometric shapes will make the drawing process much easier and simpler. That is why this method is well applicable when teaching children.

When I was little, my mother bought a special book of step-by-step drawings for me. I didn't buy this for my son. Somehow it turned out that my child began to immediately draw entire compositions, without thinking about anything for a second. I received and still receive great pleasure from this process.

Learning at home

Initially, you need to take care of acquiring the necessary tools to create your child’s first masterpieces. To do this you will need:

• quality album;
• soft simple pencil;
• good eraser;
• a set of colored pencils;
• diagrams for step-by-step drawing.

Don't be surprised that so few devices are needed at the moment. It is better to first introduce your child to drawing with pencils, and only then move on to crayons or paints.

You also need to make sure you have a comfortable table, chair, and good lighting. When the lesson begins, eliminate all distractions and irritants.

It is necessary to remember to follow certain rules during the learning process:

• haste is a bad adviser;
• you need to make every effort;
• you must try to depict the drawing in the same sequence as indicated in the diagram;
• you need to reproduce the picture, thinking about it and remembering your actions, so that later you have the opportunity to do it yourself, without using diagrams;
• the first jobs should be fairly easy and simple to complete, then you need to consistently move on to more complex tasks;
• Remember that you cannot complement the baby’s drawing. Your actions will only upset him.

We teach children from three to four years old

1. For a 3-year-old child, you need to select only soft pencils. This is due to insufficient pressure.
2. We show the baby how to hold it correctly. If necessary, we help with our own hands.
3. Remember that children at 3 and 4 years old are not yet able to confidently hold a pencil, and, therefore, draw straight lines. Therefore, at first you will have to practice doing exactly this.
4. For children of this age, it is recommended to purchase special printed notebooks in which you can trace finished pictures.
5. The next stage is familiarization with simple geometric shapes. We draw a triangle, circle, oval, rectangle, square.
6. As soon as the child has mastered geometric shapes and they have begun to work out for him, we move on to transforming them into new objects. For example, you can create a bus from small circles and a rectangle.

We introduce children from five to seven years old

1. If a child who is already 5 years old was previously familiar with simple drawing techniques, then you can move from a simple pencil to a set of colored ones, also to felt-tip pens or paints. Explain to your child that his image can be colored by giving different colors to certain objects.
2. At the age of 6, a child will be able to learn how to create compositions and entire plots in his paintings.
3. At this age, children can be asked to draw on a piece of paper everything they notice in everyday life.
4. If your daughter or son has questions about creating paintings, you must always pay attention and try to find answers to them.
5. A child of 7 years old will already consciously convey his emotions through drawings.

Examples

I bring to your attention a plan of four step-by-step drawings. Start with the simplest thing - a tree or a rose, and finally try the method of drawing a person step by step. You will see that creating such pictures is not so difficult; any child can cope with the task.

Drawing a tree

Convey to the child that it should consist of a trunk, leaves and branches.

1. Draw a trunk, pay attention to the fact that at the base it is much wider than at the top.
2. Think about what kind of tree you are depicting. Remember that, for example, a birch trunk is quite thin and has curves, while an oak trunk is massive.
3. Now we need to add branches. Please note that they are wider at the base. You also need to understand that they are larger at the bottom of the trunk. It must be remembered that the branches of a tree begin to grow from about a quarter of its entire height. The branches are depicted directed towards the sun, that is, raised upward.
4. Try to draw small ones on thick branches to add realism to your drawing.
5. For the first time, you don’t have to draw each leaf, but depict the crown as one mass.
6. Now you can color the resulting tree.

Create a rose

1. Draw a smooth line that will be the stem of the plant.
2. Draw leaves on the stem.
3. Draw an oval. This will be our future bud.
4. Inside the oval we depict the main petals, there are two of them. We draw it so that the center of the petals resembles a rolled roll.
5. We finish drawing the small side petals.
6. All that's left is to add some color.

Drawing a cat step by step

1. Let's draw the head in the form of an oval.
2. Now you need to draw a triangle in the center of the circle. This will be the nose, above it there are two circles - eyes.
3. Draw the muzzle, add two arches that originate from the nose.
4. Now we need to do the torso. For this purpose, draw an oval.
5. Draw the paws and add a tail.
6. Now let's add two triangles, placing them on the head. These will be the ears.
7. Inside each resulting triangle, add one more.
8. Add mustache.
9. The cat is ready, all that remains is to decorate it.

Drawing the first man

Such an object is quite complex, and it is better to leave it for last when getting acquainted with the step-by-step drawing.

However, it is worth knowing that after acquiring certain skills in step-by-step drawing, even such a drawing will not seem heavy and will be easily recreated by a child.

1. To depict the head, draw a regular oval.
2. Now you need to add a rectangle directly below the drawn oval. This will be part of the torso, from the waist to the head.
3. Next you need to connect the drawn parts. This will give you a neck.
4. Under the rectangle we draw another one, the same in width, but more elongated in length.
5. The resulting rectangle needs to be divided into two halves, these will be the legs.
6. Next, you need to depict the arms by drawing thin, long rectangles along the upper part of the body.
7. Now you can dress the resulting little man. Let's add a neck for the sweater, draw trousers, shoes and hands.
8. Add facial features and ears.
9. So it turned out to be a little man. All that remains is to brighten it up by decorating it.

Now you know how to teach your child to draw. The main thing is to be patient and do not put pressure on the baby. He will be ready when the time comes. Try to explain his mistakes as much as possible, remember that you cannot interfere with the children’s work and make any adjustments to it.

I am glad to welcome you again to my blog. Why are different methods for developing creative abilities in children so popular now? What do they give and how to teach a child to draw at 3 years old? How to teach a child to draw without pushing him? Let's talk about it? Then let's go!

Until the age of 3, my little one used a brush to paint sheets of paper the way he wanted. I chose mostly dark colors. By the way, don’t be alarmed if your baby prefers dark tones. Black color is the strongest of all, so it attracts the attention of children. Finger paints are a great place to start. When purchasing, be sure to look at the ingredients, this is important. I was guided by price and composition, fortunately I was familiar with the list of natural dyes. For initial training, you can use an unnecessary piece of wallpaper or whatman paper. Don't forget to cover the floor with oilcloth if you will be painting on the floor. I pinned a piece of whatman paper to the wall, and we created in free form. The main thing is to arouse the baby’s interest. Some ideas from the Internet will help you come up with a plot for the drawing. Click on the picture for a detailed view

We draw the simplest designs with our fingers: a circle, a square, then a flower or a tree as many times as the child asks. Believe me, very little time will pass and he will repeat everything exactly after you, it will look very decent and beautiful. Moreover, drawing shapes and figures with your fingers is a kind of corrective activity; this is the best way to introduce your baby to shapes.

Let's move on

When the baby has mastered the basics with the help of paints, hand him a simple pencil with a soft lead. Your task is to teach how to hold a pencil correctly.

• show him how to draw regular lines (long and short);
• repeat what you have learned, try to draw simple geometric shapes together.

When my child mastered these skills on his own, we moved on to various aids, which, by the way, are very helpful to modern mothers. You can purchase ready-made magazines or find and print ready-made drawings from the Internet. My little one loved to connect straight and smooth lines with dots, and then see what happened in the end.

After a simple pencil comes the next stage - multi-colored felt-tip pens. I'll make a correction on my own behalf. Take those that are easy to wash off with water (this information is written on the packaging). Children often like to draw where they shouldn't. You can save furniture and washable wallpaper if you notice the cave art in time. In the first 15-20 minutes, it is very easy to remove and wash off the bright felt-tip pen with a regular damp cloth (from the face, by the way, too).
We really like drawing with oil pastels - it doesn’t stain your hands, it’s easy for even the smallest to draw, and the drawings are no less bright than with a felt-tip pen. But there are different types of pastels, there are hard wax crayons and it will be difficult for kids to apply effort, and there are oil pencils, they are soft and do not need to be pressed.

Complex drawings

Complex drawings: a dog, a butterfly, were quite difficult for us. My child took failures hard if something didn’t work out for him. Therefore, again, I turned to professionals for help. Ready-made notebooks, albums with blanks. I really liked the methodology of the Eureka Research Institute

A notebook-simulator in which educational drawings of animals are presented step by step, step by step. In just a couple of weeks, my little one successfully mastered complex drawings. I began to simply depict about 50 animals. Don't believe me? Try it yourself. You will definitely like it. At first we sat together over a notebook, but then the baby began to show independent interest, and I had a free minute. Notepad on ozon

You can easily teach your baby to depict:

• Sun;
• person;
• transport (using geometric shapes);
• butterfly (one oval in the center and 2 circles on each side);
• some animals that are easy to perform.

There is nothing better than colorful gouache. Draw together, learn together with your child.

Unusual techniques and drawings

Drawing and learning numbers

While studying the issue thoroughly, I came across interesting offers on the Internet. Drawing by numbers turned out to be quite feasible for 3-year-old children. We not only mastered the basics of mathematics, got acquainted with numbers, and taught them. But they (the numbers) were amusingly overgrown with whole stories.

• from one you can make a ship;
• a deuce easily turns into a swan or a duck (ours turned out to be a duck);
• 3 or 8 can be transformed into a bunny;
• A friendly snail emerged from the 9.

Everything is limited only by your imagination. Using numbers you can draw almost all animals on Earth. But to do this, you need to think in advance what each number can turn into.

Drawing by points

The pictures are clickable, we printed them and drew them:

A simple and at the same time useful way for your child to learn how to draw. The child draws lines connecting the dots. This is how he learns to control his hand in order to draw a straight line and prepare for writing in the future. Secondly, when the child draws along the lines, he remembers how to depict objects, what details need to be drawn in order to depict the object. That is, which lines are enough to get a duck, for example.

Painting by numbers

We connect the numbers in order. You can’t do without mom’s help if the baby doesn’t yet know the numbers. But this method should not be discarded. Suddenly the child will like it, and a big bonus from such drawing is the easy learning of numbers.

What should a 3 year old child be able to draw?

You probably know that upon admission to kindergarten, children can be tested by a psychologist and/or speech therapist. A drawing test, as a rule, is always included in the general list of questions. By this age, a child should be able to draw certain figures; this is a kind of indicator of the baby’s development. What should he be able to do, and if he can’t, 6 be sure to teach:

1. Draw round objects.
2. Draw clear straight lines: short and long (we learned by drawing grass, rain, a long road).
3. Cross straight lines.
4. Draw the simplest objects (a balloon, a cloud and rain from it, grass, a flower, a diagram of a man).

I repeat once again, he doesn’t know how, he doesn’t want to - learn in the game, the main thing is not to cause negative emotions, not to force, otherwise you can discourage interest for life

Another simple option is drawing with kitchen sponges; even 2-year-old kids will like this, and the drawing can turn out very impressive.

A little about the unwilling

If your baby doesn’t want to draw, and everything is fine with his development, leave the poor child alone for a while with developmental methods and his own complexes. True, not for long, a month is enough, try to arouse the baby’s interest in the game. Well, he doesn’t want to draw, it means it’s not interesting, it’s boring. This means you need to change your approach if you dreamed of raising an artist. In any case, there should be no negativity from mom or dad in the process, otherwise the desire may disappear for life.