Unusual ways of drawing. Unusual drawing technique: description, technology and recommendations Drawing technique

Consultation for parents "Non-traditional drawing techniques in joint activities of children and parents"

Non-traditional drawing techniques in joint activities of children and parents

He draws a stick on the ground,
In winter, a finger on the glass,
and writes with charcoal on the fence,
and on the wallpaper in the hallway.

Draws with chalk on a blackboard
Writes on clay and sand,
Let there be no paper at hand,
And there is no money for canvases,

He will draw on stone
And on a piece of birch bark.
He will paint the air with fireworks,
Taking a pitchfork, he writes on the water,

An artist, therefore an artist,
Which can draw everywhere.
Who is stopping the artist?
He deprives the earth of its beauty!

“The origins of children’s abilities and talents are at their fingertips. From the fingers, figuratively speaking, come the finest threads - streams that feed the source of creative thought. In other words, the more skill in a child’s hand, the smarter the child.”
V.A. Sukhomlinsky

It is known that drawing is one of the most favorite children's activities, which cultivates many positive qualities in a child, such as perseverance and patience, attentiveness, imagination, ability to think and much more. All of them will be very useful to the baby in later life.
Along with traditional methods of depicting an object or object on paper (drawing with pencils, brushes and paints, gouache), I also use non-traditional techniques in my work. I think that they attract the attention of little fidgets more. They are interesting to children of all ages and allow them to reach their full potential during the creative process. The work of creating drawings is not difficult, so kids do it with pleasure, acquiring skills in working with materials and becoming familiar with painting.
To instill a love of fine art and arouse interest in drawing, starting from a young age, I advise parents to use unconventional methods of depiction. Such unconventional drawing gives children a lot of positive emotions, reveals the possibility of using objects well known to them as artistic materials, and surprises them with their unpredictability.
Organize your workspace at home so that your child can comfortably not only sit, but also stand and sometimes move around a piece of paper. After all, you can draw any way, anywhere and with anything!
Be friends with your child. Try to understand what makes him happy, what makes him sad, what he strives for. Ask him to tell you what he wanted to depict. And do not forget that the child expects praise from you. He really wants you, adults, to like his work. Rejoice at his successes and under no circumstances ridicule the young artist if he fails. No problem next time!
Unconventional drawing techniques- these are methods of drawing with various materials: foam rubber, crumpled paper, tubes, threads, paraffin candles, dry leaves; drawing with palms, fingers, blunt ends of pencils, cotton swabs, etc.
They are different for each age group.
With kids junior preschool age can be used:
finger painting
painting with cotton swabs
poke with a hard semi-dry brush
palm painting
Children middle preschool age You can introduce more complex techniques:
foam rubber impression
stencil printing
candle and watercolor
spray
poking
IN senior preschool age children can master even more difficult methods and techniques:
regular blotography
drawing with a toothpick
monotype
batik
Each of these methods is a little game. Their use allows children to feel more relaxed, bolder, develops imagination and freedom for self-expression, and the work also contributes to the development of coordination of movements.
Non-traditional artistic and graphic techniques:
Punching
Since little children are always happy to stamp everything they can, they always like this drawing technique. Using a pre-made stamp (this could be the bottom of a plastic bottle, a lid, a cut from a potato, an apple, etc., covered with paint), prints are made on paper, creating a design that can later be supplemented.

Elena Nikitina

Drawing one of the children's favorite activities. Drawing in unusual ways evokes even more positive emotions in children. Using unconventional drawing techniques development of thinking, imagination, fantasy, creative abilities. The child develops an interest in drawing, as a result, the desire to create.

Today I will tell you and show you how paint without using a brush.

1. Drawing with cotton swabs. We put paint on a stick and decorate the image on a sheet of paper with dots. (Christmas tree, snow, teapot, sundress, rowan branch).

2. Drawing with palms. Pour the paint into a flat container. Dip your palm and press it to a sheet of paper. (Flowers, fish, Santa Claus, swan, carrots).

3. Drawing with cotton pads. You can use cotton pads paint, folding them in half, quarter or whole. (Moon, snowdrifts, various flowers).

4. Drawing with prints. Simple drawing method: paint is applied to the surface to be printed and a print is placed on a sheet of paper. (Use: flowers, shells, fruits, vegetables).

5. Blotography. A spot or blot of watercolor paint is made on a sheet of paper. Take a tube and blow air onto the blot.

6. Drawing with a fork. We put paint on a fork from a flat plate and make an imprint with the flat surface of the fork. Can draw grass, fence, flowers, hedgehog.

7. Drawing with thread. The best thing draw with wool thread. We dip the thread in paint and apply it to a sheet of paper and create a pattern by imprinting with the movement of the thread. The wool thread creates a fancy pattern that is suitable for depicting clouds, clouds, sheep, or an unusual flower.

8. Drawing sponge or piece of foam rubber. We clamp a piece of foam rubber with a clothespin, dip it in paint and apply prints that create the texture of the object. They are used to paint animal fur, fluffy bunches of flowers, clouds, and tree crowns.

9. Splash painting. You will need a toothbrush and comb. Take a little paint on the brush and spray it with a comb. Move the brush over the comb over a sheet of paper. You can apply paints of different colors, it will turn out very beautiful.

10. Drawing with stamps. The stamp is easy to make from plasticine. We apply plasticine to a block, cube, etc. Using any sharp object, we depict some object or abstract pattern on it. The stamp is ready. We make a pillow from a sponge. Pour paint onto the sponge. We apply the stamp to the sponge with paint. Now you can make prints. A stamp can be made from the bottom of a plastic bottle, you get beautiful flowers.

11. Drawing imprints of cups and necks of different diameters. Pour the paint into a flat plate. Dip the glass in paint and apply the design to a sheet of paper.

12. Drawing with a comb. We will need a comb with fine teeth. Apply multi-colored paint (next to each other) on a sheet of paper in the shape of a drop. Then we run a comb over all the drops of paint, connecting and smearing them. It turns out to be an amazing rainbow. You can also draw different patterns, adding drops and moving the comb in different directions.

13. Drawing with wax crayons. Using colored wax pencils or wax crayons, apply the design to a sheet of paper. Then we cover it with one or several layers of watercolor. The result is an unusual and bright pattern. (Can draw stars, flowers).

14. Scratch (waxography). We paint the surface of the entire sheet of paper with wax crayons, then cover the sheet with black gouache. When everything is dry, scratch the paint and create a drawing with lines. You can scratch with a pointed stick, skewer, or toothpick.

15. Drawing with gauze. Apply a layer of gauze to a wet sheet of paper, straightening it. The gauze should remain motionless on the paper. Paint on top of the gauze with a brush and paint. Let the drawing dry. We remove the gauze - a pattern remains on the paper in the form of an imprint of the texture of the gauze fabric. (Landscape, sky, tree, grass)

16. Drawing using plastic film. Let's draw a picture. Before the paint has dried, quickly apply the film to the drawing in the right place and carefully, using rotating movements, create wrinkles of the film on the paper. The wrinkles collect paint. Allow to dry and carefully remove the tape.

17. Monotype. Drawing symmetrical objects. To do this, fold a sheet of paper in half and draw an object on one half. While the paint is still wet, fold the sheet in two again. A print will be made on the other half. After this, the image can be finish or decorate.

18. Drawing air bubble film. With the help of this wonderful material you can very easily draw falling snow. We apply white or pale blue paint to the film and apply it to a sheet of paper with a pattern. With this technology you can make an extraordinary background for winter applique.

19. Painting with salt. Apply a design to a sheet of colored cardboard using PVA glue. We draw a picture on the theme of winter. Sprinkle salt on top. When everything is dry, shake off the excess salt.

20. Drawing with semolina. For drawing in this technique Use colored paper or cardboard. PVA glue is applied to the outline of the design. Semolina is poured on top and a sheet of paper is placed tightly on top. Then remove the paper and shake off the excess semolina. So way the next part is created.

21. Drawing with a candle. On a thick sheet of paper or cardboard, children draw with a candle according to plan. The sheet is painted over with watercolor paint. Wax images will appear through the watercolor. (Christmas tree, snowflakes, animals).

You can also use the following techniques unconventional drawing: feather drawing, finger painting, drawing on a stencil with a stamp, drawing using the poke method, drawing with soap bubbles, drawing with crumpled paper, drawing with leaves.

Publications on the topic:

Introduction to non-traditional art techniques 1. “Introduction to non-traditional techniques of fine art activities” 2. slide Children should live in a world of beauty, games, fairy tales, music, drawing, fantasy.

Consultation “Drawing in non-traditional ways” The development of the creative potential of the individual should be carried out from early childhood, when the child begins to master it under the guidance of adults.

The children in our group and I really enjoyed learning about various artistic techniques. The guys were so immersed in.

Notes on drawing with non-traditional techniques “Autumn Leaves” Age group: 2-junior Type: productive activity Form of organization:.

Introducing preschool children to non-traditional drawing techniques Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution MBDOU No. 33 “Malinka” METHODOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT: “We introduce preschool children.

With your own hands

In this article you will find 11 interesting ways to draw with children.

Monotype
Draw something with your child on cellophane or glass, and then print it on a piece of paper.

Blotography
Place a few bold blots or draw lines on one half of the sheet. Then fold it in half. Unfold again. Now look closely at this drawing with your child to see images, objects, or come up with a whole plot.

Drawing on wet paper
Moisten the paper with clean water. Next, paint with paints.

Drawing with dots
You will need a cotton swab and paints. Use poking to draw flowers, berries, or whatever you want.

Drawing with threads
To do this, you need to dip a woolen thread in thick paint and then press it between two sheets of cardboard. Next, pull the end and move the thread inside the cardboard. The result will be an interesting image in which you can see many interesting images.

Prints
Make different figures from foam rubber. Then dip it in paint and make prints. Start chaotically, then draw a pattern. Prints can also be made using vegetables or fruits. Cut the apple in half, or take a head of Chinese cabbage. Dip in paint and stamp on paper.

Foam drawing
Mix water, shampoo and a little paint in a glass. Take a cocktail straw, place it in a glass and blow into it until the bubbles rise above the glass. Then apply the paper to this foam and see what happens.

Magic drawing
Draw an image on white paper with a wax candle or wax pencil. Then apply paint over this image. The paint will not stick to the greasy candle image. The drawing you made seems to appear.

Finger painting
You can draw with your fingers, fists, palms, feet, and even your nose!

Painting with salt
First, draw with glue. And then sprinkle the drawing with salt.

Relief drawings
Add flour to the paint. Paint with this paint, and when it dries, you will see the result.

An unusual drawing technique opens up a world of fantasy and wide possibilities even for a person who does not know how to depict anything on paper. For a child, these are ideas for self-expression and space for inspiration.

There are many interesting ways when it becomes possible not only to get an exciting drawing, but also to have fun with your baby.

Blotography

The method involves applying an ordinary blot to a sheet of paper. This can be done by simply dropping paint onto a wide brush.

After this, the child is asked to think about what his blot looks like and fill in the missing details. Perhaps these will be legs, tail or rays. Then the blot comes to life, and then you can fantasize and draw in the rest of the background.

As the child draws, his imagination develops through questions asked. He learns to fantasize and realize his plans on a piece of paper.

Drawing with stamps

Unusual drawing techniques for children do not require complex preparation or unusual tools. You can easily create a masterpiece using ordinary things:

• potato halves;
• apple slices;
• foam sponges;
• bricks from Lego.

To get a picture, you must first draw the future base. It could be a twig, flower stems, a road where houses will soon appear.

Then take any stamp you like and dip it in paint. After applying it to a sheet, a color print is obtained. This way you can depict leaves on a branch, flowers, or using Lego cubes you can create nice houses with brick walls.

Drawing with autumn leaves

A very fascinating and unusual drawing technique, and the drawings turn out incredibly delicate and beautiful. To do this, you need to prepare and collect leaves. Moreover, you will need completely different specimens: large, small, red, yellow, round or elongated.

Walking through the park with your child on an autumn evening, you should draw your child’s attention to the beauty of autumn nature and the riot of colors. Then you can offer to collect leaves and create a small miracle on a simple sheet of paper.

Leaf print options

There are several ways to create a picture using leaves.

1st method. Invite your child to temporarily turn into a wizard of the autumn forest and go on a journey. You need to choose a few leaves you like and coat them on one side with paints. The leaves are then pressed onto the paper, leaving imprints reminiscent of trees in a forest.

2nd method. Young children really like it because it doesn’t require any special skills, and the drawing looks simply amazing. Together with your baby, lay out 2-3 beautiful leaves on paper. Next, it is better to lightly secure them with tape so that they do not slip during operation.

Using a sponge or wide brush, apply paint over the entire remaining surface, including the spread out leaves. As soon as the watercolor dries, you can remove the leaves and admire the resulting miracle.

Create a fancy drawing

Unusual drawing techniques for children at school will require some preparation and a little patience. But the result will please not only children, but will surprise even an adult.

So, you can invite children of primary school age to create their own colored paper. For this you will need:

1. Paper.
2. Disposable plastic plate.
3. Watercolor.
4. Thick cardboard.
5. Shaving foam.
6. Cotton buds.

First, the foam is squeezed out in an even layer onto a disposable plate. Then, using a brush, you need to drip multi-colored paints in random order.

Next comes the time for magic. Using a cotton swab, carefully mix the paints and get a multi-colored, snowy foam. Now take a sheet of paper and press the entire side against the plate. Excess foam is removed with a piece of cardboard.

When the multi-colored sheet dries, it can be used for further work. The result is a wonderful colored background that is suitable for all kinds of crafts.

Unusual watercolor painting techniques are suitable for even the smallest children. And joint creativity not only brings adults and children closer together, but also gives many wonderful works that can be framed and decorated in a room.

Using gouache in unusual art

Gouache, unlike watercolor, is heavier and opaque. The colors are rich and lighten slightly as they dry. Unusual techniques for painting with gouache are based on its properties.

You can encourage your child to draw with dots. First, a child or adult draws the outline of the future drawing. It is then gradually filled with paint using cotton swabs.

Children are especially delighted with foam drawing. Gouache diluted in water gives a stunning rich color. If you dilute different colors in disposable cups and then pour out the bulbs, then the resulting foam can depict fancy landscapes.

To become a wizard, you don't need to have a magic wand. An unusual drawing technique will help show your child a small miracle.

In the absence of the child, draw a picture in advance with candle wax. And then invite the child to paint over the supposedly blank sheet of paper. Surely he will be surprised where such beauty came from on the sheet.

Hobby for adults

Adults or older students can try to create an atmospheric drawing using watercolors. Hanging gardens are an unusual painting technique where an image appears by spraying paint from a spray bottle.

You should definitely try to depict this miracle in the presence of a child. To do this, you need to apply several stripes of different shades of green on top of the sheet. Then spray water from a spray bottle, the watercolor begins to flow, bizarrely changing shape and movement.

One of the varieties of such drawing is the appearance of an image on wet paper. There are a number of landscapes that come out successfully only when an unusual drawing technique is used.

First you need to teach your child to make the sheet slightly damp. If you wet the paper too much, the effect will not work and the paper will be damaged. A piece of cotton wool moistened with water is suitable for this.

After this, you can use a brush, touching the sheet, to leave marks, thinking through the plot in advance. It could be a rainy day, a city at night, or flowers in the fog.

There is no limit to imagination and creativity. Teachers advise using all kinds of materials in your work and not being afraid to experiment.

Painting technique- a set of techniques for using artistic materials and means.

Traditional painting techniques: encaustic, tempera, wall (lime), glue and other types. Since the 15th century, the technique of painting with oil paints has become popular; in the 20th century, synthetic paints with a polymer binder (acrylic, vinyl, etc.) appeared. Gouache, watercolor, Chinese ink and semi-drawing technique - pastel - are also classified as painting.

WATERCOLOR

Watercolor(from Italian “aquarello”) - means painting with water-based paints.

There are many artistic techniques in watercolor: working on wet paper (“A la Prima”), working on dry paper, pouring, washing, using watercolor pencils, ink, working with a dry brush, using a palette knife, salt, multi-layer painting, using mixed media.

Types of watercolor techniques:

dry - painting on dry paper, with each layer of paint drying before applying the next one

raw, wet watercolor, alla prima - painting on wet paper. The wet-on-wet technique uses the flow of watercolor and creates unusual color effects. Using this technique requires knowledge of the moisture level of the paper and experience in using the technique itself.

Alla prima (ala prime) (derived from the Italian alla prima - at the first moment) is a type of oil and watercolor painting technique that involves completing a painting (or a fragment thereof) in one session, without preliminary markings or underpainting.

Filling is a very interesting technique in watercolor. Smooth color transitions allow you to effectively depict the sky, water, and mountains.

The palette knife is used not only in oil painting, but also in watercolor painting. With a palette knife you can emphasize the outlines of mountains, stones, rocks, clouds, sea waves, and depict trees and flowers.

The absorbent properties of salt are used to produce interesting effects in watercolors. With the help of salt, you can decorate a meadow with flowers, get a moving air environment in the picture, moving tonal transitions.

Multilayer painting is rich in color. Multilayer painting uses all the artistic techniques of working with watercolors.

Watercolor is one of the most complex painting techniques. The main quality of watercolor is the transparency and airiness of the image. The apparent simplicity and ease of painting with watercolors is deceptive. Watercolor painting requires mastery of the brush, mastery of seeing tone and color, knowledge of the laws of mixing colors and applying a layer of paint to paper. There are many techniques in watercolor: working on dry paper, working on wet paper (“A la Prima”), using watercolor pencils, inks, multi-layer painting, working with a dry brush, pouring, washing off, using a palette knife, salt, using mixed media.

Watercolor, despite its apparent simplicity and ease of drawing, is a very complex painting technique. Watercolor painting requires mastery of the brush, mastery of seeing tone and color, knowledge of the laws of mixing colors and applying a layer of paint to paper.

For watercolor work, paper is one of the most important materials. What is important is its quality, type, relief, density, grain size, sizing. Depending on the quality of the paper, watercolor paints are applied to the paper, absorbed, and dried differently.

PENCIL

Pencil is a material for drawing. There are black graphite and colored pencils. Pencil drawings are done on paper using shading, tonal spots, and light and shade.

Watercolor pencils are a type of colored pencils that are water soluble. The techniques for using watercolor pencils are varied: blurring a drawing with a watercolor pencil with water, working with a watercolor pencil soaked in water, working with a pencil on wet paper, etc. It is more difficult to do a drawing.

With a pencil you can get infinitely many shades and gradations of tone. Pencils of varying degrees of softness are used in the drawing.

Work on a graphic drawing begins with a constructive drawing, i.e. drawing the external contours of an object using construction lines, usually with a medium-soft pencil H, HB, B, F, then in a tone drawing, in which there are no contour lines of objects, and the boundaries of objects are indicated by shading; if necessary, softer pencils are used. The hardest is 9H, the softest is 9B.

When drawing with a pencil, it is advisable to make as few corrections as possible and use an eraser carefully so as not to leave stains, so the drawing will look fresh and neat. It is better not to use shading in a pencil drawing for the same reasons. To apply tone, the technique of shading is used. Strokes can be different in direction, length, spacing, and pencil pressure. The direction of the stroke (horizontal, vertical, oblique) is determined by the shape, size of the object, and the movement of the surface in the drawing.

A pencil portrait turns out very realistic and filled with light. After all, with the help of a pencil you can convey many shades, depth and volume of the image, and chiaroscuro transitions.

The pencil drawing is fixed with a fixative, so the drawing does not lose its clarity, does not smear even when touched by hand, and is preserved for a long time.

OIL

Oil painting on canvas is the most popular painting technique. Oil painting gives the master an unlimited number of ways to depict and convey the mood of the surrounding world. Pasty or airy transparent strokes through which the canvas is visible, creating a relief with a palette knife, glazing, the use of transparent or opaque paints, various variations of color mixing - all this variety of oil painting techniques allows the artist to find and convey the mood, the volume of depicted objects, the air environment, and create the illusion space, convey the richness of shades of the surrounding world.

Oil painting has its own peculiarity - the picture is painted in several layers (2-3), each layer needs to dry for several days depending on the materials used, so usually an oil painting is painted from several days to several weeks.

The most suitable material for oil painting is linen canvas. Linen fabric is durable and has a vibrant texture. Linen canvases come in different grain sizes. For portraits and detailed paintings, fine-grained, smoother canvas is used. Coarse-grained canvas is suitable for painting with a pronounced texture (stones, rocks, trees), impasto painting and palette knife painting. Previously, painting used the technique of glazing, applying paint in thin layers, so the roughness of the linen layer gave the painting elegance. Nowadays, the technique of impasto strokes is often used in painting. However, the quality of the canvas is important for the expressiveness of the painting.

Cotton canvas is a durable and inexpensive material, suitable for painting with paste strokes.

Oil painting also uses such bases as burlap, plywood, hardboard, metal, and even paper.

Canvases are stretched on cardboard and on a stretcher. Canvases on cardboard are thin and usually do not come in large sizes, and do not exceed 50*70. They are lightweight and easy to transport. Canvases on a stretcher are more expensive; finished canvases on a stretcher can reach a size of 1.2m by 1.5m. The finished painting is framed.

Before working with oil, the canvases are glued and primed. This is necessary so that the oil paint does not destroy the canvas, and so that the paint adheres well to the canvas.

Oil paintings are most often done by placing the canvas on an easel. Oil painting uses a palette knife technique. A palette knife is a tool made of flexible steel in the form of a knife or spatula with a curved handle. Different shapes of the palette knife help to achieve different textures, relief, and volume. You can also apply even, smooth strokes with a palette knife. The blade of a palette knife can also be used to create fine lines - vertical, horizontal, chaotic.

PASTEL

Pastel(from Latin pasta - dough) - a technique of painting and drawing on the rough surface of paper and cardboard with pastels. Pastel is one of the very unusual types of visual materials. Pastel painting is airy and gentle. The subtlety and elegance of the pastel technique gives the paintings a lively, sometimes fabulous and magical quality. In the “dry” pastel technique, the “shading” technique is widely used, which gives the effect of soft transitions and delicacy of color. Pastel is applied to rough paper. The color of the paper matters. The background color, appearing through the strokes of the pastel, evokes a certain mood, weakening or enhancing the color effects of the drawing. Pastel paintings are fixed with fixative and stored under glass.

The pastel technique gained wide popularity and reached its peak in the 18th century. Pastel has the property of imparting extraordinary softness and tenderness to any subject. Using this technique, you can create any subjects - from landscapes to drawings of people.

The advantages of pastel are great freedom for the artist: it allows you to remove and cover entire layers of painting, stop and resume work at any time. Pastel combines the possibilities of painting and drawing. You can draw and write with it, work with shading or a painterly spot, with a dry or wet brush.

Pastel types:

dry- produced from pigment by pressing without adding oil

oil- made from pigment with linseed oil by pressing.

waxy- produced from pigment by pressing with the addition of wax

The techniques for working with pastels are varied. Pastel touches are rubbed in with fingers, special brushes, leather rollers, silk square brushes, and soft swabs. The pastel technique is very subtle and complex in its overlays of pastel “glaze” color on color. Pastel is applied in spots, strokes, and glazes.

To work with pastel pencils, you need bases that hold the pastel and prevent it from falling off. Pastels are used on rough types of paper, such as torchon, whatman paper, sandpaper, on loose, fleecy cardboard, suede, parchment, and canvas. The best base is suede, on which some classic works are written. Pastel drawings are secured with special fixatives that prevent the pastel from falling off.

Edgar Degas was an unsurpassed pastel master. Degas had a keen eye and an infallible drawing, which allowed him to achieve unprecedented effects in pastels. Never before have pastel drawings been so reverent, masterfully careless and so precious in color. In his later works, reminiscent of a festive kaleidoscope of lights, E. Degas was obsessed with the desire to convey the rhythm and movement of the scene. To give the paints a special shine and make them glow, the artist dissolved the pastel with hot water, turning it into a kind of oil paint, and applied it to the canvas with a brush. In February 2007, at a Sotheby’s auction in London, Degas’s pastel “Three Dancers in Purple Skirts” was sold for $7.87 million. In Russia, masters such as Repin, Serov, Levitan, Kustodiev, and Petrov-Vodkin worked in pastels.

SANGUINE

The color range of sanguine, a material for drawing, ranges from brown to close to red. With the help of sanguine, the tones of the human body are well conveyed, so portraits made with sanguine look very natural. The technique of drawing from life using sanguine has been known since the Renaissance (Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael). Sanguine is often combined with charcoal or Italian pencil. To ensure greater durability, sanguine drawings are fixed with a fixative or placed under glass.

Sanguina has been known since antiquity. It was then that sanguine allowed the introduction of flesh color into the drawing. The technique of drawing with sanguine became widespread during the Renaissance. Renaissance artists developed and widely used the “three pencils” technique: they painted a drawing in sanguine or sepia and charcoal on toned paper, and then highlighted the desired areas with white chalk.

Sangina(from the Latin "sanguineus" - "blood red") - these are pencils of red-brown tones. Sanguine is made from finely ground burnt sienna and clay. Like pastel, charcoal and sauce, sanguine is a soft material that is shaped into tetrahedral or round crayons during production.

With the help of sanguine, the tones of the human body are well conveyed, so portraits made with sanguine look very natural.

The technique of working with sanguine is characterized by a combination of broad strokes and shading with strokes of sharply sharpened sanguine blocks. Beautiful sanguine drawings are obtained on a toned background, especially when charcoal and chalk are added to the base material (the “three pencils” technique).

For the drawing, choose sanguine of a shade that better suits the characteristics of nature. For example, it is good to paint a naked body with reddish sanguine, and a landscape with grayish-brown or sepia-colored sanguine.

Sometimes sanguine is combined with charcoal, which produces cool shades. The contrast of warm and cold shades gives a special charm to such works.

To ensure greater durability, sanguine designs can be secured with a fixative or placed under glass.

TEMPERA

Tempera(from the Latin "temperare" - to connect) - a binder of paints, consisting of a natural or artificial emulsion. Before the improvement of oil paints by J. Van Eyck (15th century), medieval egg tempera was one of the most popular and widespread types of painting in Europe, but gradually it lost its importance.

In the second half of the 19th century, the disappointment that came with later oil painting served as the beginning of the search for new binders for paints, and the forgotten tempera, the well-preserved works of which speak eloquently for themselves, again attracted interest.

In contrast to oil painting and old tempera, new tempera does not require the artist to have a specific system for painting, giving him complete freedom in this regard, which he can use without any damage to the strength of the painting. Tempera, unlike oil, dries quickly. Tempera paintings coated with varnish are not inferior to oil paintings in terms of color, and in terms of immutability and durability, tempera paints are even superior to oil paints.

Graphic materials and techniques are varied, but, as a rule, the basis is a paper sheet. The color and texture of the paper play a big role. Colorful materials and techniques are determined by the type of graphics.