Herman - All higher (Air march, with notes). YU

EVERYTHING HIGHER
(Air march)

Music by Yuli Khait
Words by Pavel German

We were born to make a fairy tale come true,
Overcome space and space.
The mind gave us steel wings,
And instead of a heart there is a fiery motor.

Higher and higher and higher
We strive for the flight of our birds;
And every propeller breathes
Peace of our borders.

Throwing into the air your obedient apparatus
Or creating an unprecedented flight,
We are aware of how the air fleet is growing stronger,
Our first proletarian fleet in the world.

Our sharp gaze pierces every atom,
Our every nerve is dressed with determination.
And believe us - for every ultimatum
The air fleet will be able to give an answer.

Towards the dawn. Songbook for youth. Comp. Yu. K. Komalkov. M., Soviet composer, 1982. - no date, under the title. "Everything is higher."

Controversy raged around the time of creation of this song, dates were given from the autumn of 1920 to the 1930s, until in October 2009 Valentin Antonov finally established that the song was written and first published in Kiev between March 8 and May 15, 1923 of the year. Most likely - between May 8 and May 15. It was published in the series by Herman and Height “Songs of the Revolution”.

Title page of the first edition:

German Pavel Davidovich (1894-1952)
Hayt Julius Abramovich (1897-1966)

MAI emblem:

Another article, the song in it dates back to no earlier than June 1923:

HIGHER, HIGHER and HIGHER

Konstantin Dushenko

(Magazine “We Read Together”, 2007, January. The text is provided from the personal website of Konstantin Dushenko)

This was in 1920. The Red Army entered Kyiv, and the Political Directorate of the Army instructed two evacuation point activists to compose an air march. They were taken to the airfield, where there were two strange structures made of wood, canvas and metal. It was this military aviation that 25-year-old musician Julius Khait and 26-year-old songwriter Pavel German were tasked with glorifying. This is how, according to Hight, the song “Higher, Higher and Higher” appeared.

Hight’s story appeared in print after the composer’s death, in Evgeniy Dolmatovsky’s book “50 of Your Songs” (1967). Dolmatovsky took it on faith, but in vain. Let's take a closer look at the text of "Air March".

“OUR MIND GAVE US STEEL HANDS-WINGS.”

But in the Civil War, as in the First World War, all aircraft were made of wood; “steel wings” seemed unthinkable. It was only in 1922 that a special aluminum-based alloy appeared, and with it metal wings.

“AND EVERY PROPELLER BREATHES
THE CALM OF OUR BORDERS."

In the summer of 1920, in the West of Soviet Russia there was not only “peace”, but also the borders themselves, and the Bolsheviks lived in anticipation of a revolution in Europe that would put an end to borders forever. This alone is enough to reject the authenticity of the story told by Hite.

“AND INSTEAD OF A HEART IS A FLAME MOTOR.”

This, in essence, is taken from Mayakovsky, from the poem “The Worker Poet” (1919): “Hearts are the same engines, the soul is the same cunning engine.”

"OUR SHARP LOOK pierces EVERY ATOM."

“...The atom was, as it were, predicted by Herman,” notes Dolmatovsky. This, of course, is not true: Wells already in 1914 wrote not just about the “atom”, but about “atomic bombs” (in the novel A World Set Free).

“AND BELIEVE US: AGAINST ANY ULTIMATUM
THE AIR FLEET WILL BE ABLE TO GIVE AN ANSWER."

This is where the key to unraveling the mystery of the origin of the “Aviamarsh” is hidden. In all likelihood, we are talking about a response to “Lord Curzon's ultimatum,” i.e. to British notes to the Soviet government dated 8 and 29 May 1923. It was then that the slogan “Our answer to Curzon” appeared. On June 16, at the Pre-Revolutionary Military Council, Trotsky said: “If we respond to all the attacks of the bourgeoisie by building airplanes, then perhaps we will someday put an end to all these attacks.” And the country set about creating a large air fleet.

It turns out that the song was not written in 1920, but after the “war alarm” of 1923, quite possibly by order of the Main Political Directorate of the Army, i.e., in essence, Trotsky. Very soon everything connected with Trotsky was banned, and Hight wisely attributed the creation of the “Air March” to an earlier time. The earliest edition was published by the Music Fund of the USSR in glass-graphic form with the indication: “Signed for printing on 13.V,” - alas, without indicating the year. The song was dedicated to the “Air Fleet of the S.S.S.R.” The USSR, let me remind you, was formed on December 30. 1922, and the publication with the date “May 13” appeared no earlier than 1924 - otherwise the quotation from Trotsky’s speech delivered in June 1923 would not have been included there.

Pavel German, who died in 1952, is known as the author of the lyrics to many other popular songs - “Bricks”, “Sasha, do you remember our meetings?”, “There are only once in a life meetings”, etc. Julius Khait, who died in 1966, never created anything even remotely comparable to Air March. The version that the music of “Aviamarsh” was borrowed has been expressed more than once. She did not receive reliable confirmation. However, in 1930, the Leningrad magazine “Worker and Theater” wrote with disapproval about “all kinds of Hights, reworking the old tunes of chansonettes into “revolutionary” songs and romances” (No. 21, article “Root out the vulgarity!”).

The remark is very interesting. The transformation of pop tunes into revolutionary ones began even before 1917; Thus, according to the observation of Russian pop historian E. Uvarova, the melody of the song “We are blacksmiths, and our spirit is young” (1906) goes back to the song “I am a chansonette”, which was fashionable in those years. Is “Aviamarsh” really from the same place?

Aviamarsh (better known as "March of the Aviators") is a Soviet song in the form of a march, written in the spring of 1923 (although Height himself said that the song was written in 1920). Music by Yuli Abramovich Khait, lyrics by Pavel Davidovich German. Often performed at parades, it was the official anthem of the USSR Air Force. Seva Novgorodtsev attracted public attention to this song in 1983 - in his show “Rock Posevy” on the BBC, he shared with the world a sensational discovery: the official anthem of the Red Army Air Force is nothing more than a Nazi march with a different text, almost not Horst Wessel.

Before we refute this myth, let us quote the words of the Soviet march:

We were born to make a fairy tale come true,
Overcome space and space,
The mind gave us steel wings,
And instead of a heart there is a fiery motor.

(in a later version -
Stalin gave us steel wings...)

Higher and higher and higher
We strive for the flight of our birds,
And every propeller breathes
Peace of our borders.

(In the original text -
And protection breathes in every propeller
peace of our borders)

Throwing into the air your obedient apparatus
Or creating an unprecedented flight,
We are aware of how the air fleet is growing stronger,
Our first proletarian fleet in the world!

Our sharp gaze pierces every atom,
Our every nerve is dressed with determination;
And, believe us, for every ultimatum
The air fleet will be able to give the answer!

Chorus.

There really was a march of attack aircraft with motives exactly like the march of Soviet pilots. It was called Berliner Jungarbeiterlied (Song of the Young Berlin Workers). After 1933, this march was released on records, included in songbooks, and sounded in one of the scenes in “Triumph of the Will.” So who stole the melody from whom?

There is a version that Julius Khait wrote the music, and Pavel German the words of the Soviet march back in 1921, or even in 1920. But such statements do not stand up to any criticism - 1920 was also a war with Poland, in addition to the Civil War. 1921 - the war is still ongoing in the Far East and Central Asia. What kind of “peace of our borders” is there? And things weren’t going well with the air fleet. The very first discovered publication of Airmarsh is dated May 1923. Everything fits in the text - Curzon's ultimatum, the construction of Junkers factories in Fili. We already have something to fly “higher and higher.” There are no contradictions. The Soviet march is documented.

How did the tune of the song get to the Nazis? Not right away. Almost immediately he fell into the hands of the German communists. The Comintern not only sponsored strikes and uprisings, not only allocated funds for the publication of newspapers and leaflets and sewing red flags. Useful propaganda materials also came from Moscow. So someone carefully, almost word for word, translated the “March of the Aviators” into German. The result was Lied der roten Luftflotte - Song of the Red Air Fleet. Between 1925 and 1926 the song reached the Berlin communists. It turned out to be a good song, but the problem was that it was completely unsuitable for street marches and rallies - there wasn’t a word about Germany. Why do German voters care about the Soviet air fleet?
Meanwhile, in 1926, young Joseph Goebbels came to Berlin to lead the work of the local NSDAP cell. I arrived and was horrified - Berlin was a “red” city, there were not even a thousand Nazis in it, the party budget consisted of nothing but debts. But Goebbels began to restore order - he drove away half of this thousand, recruited new people, and began organizing rallies with scandals and massacres. As a result, they started talking about the Nazis in Berlin. Soon the assault troops appeared. And at that time, cases of fighters transferring from the “Rot Front” (Union of Red Front Soldiers) to assault detachments and vice versa were not uncommon. So one of the defectors brought with them the “Song of the Red Air Fleet”. I liked the melody. But the words didn’t matter - the simple text is a set of slogans for the workers: proletarian, rise up to fight for freedom and bread, stop fattening the gentlemen, etc., etc. Such a song would also suit the communists, if not for the line about Jewish tyranny (how else will you know that the song is Nazi?). The author of the text is unknown. Someone attributes the authorship to SA Sturmführer Horst Wessel - he really had fun by setting his words to popular melodies. One of these songs became, after his death, a Nazi anthem, inappropriately mentioned by Seva Novgorodtsev a quarter of a century ago on the BBC.
So, as you can see, we didn’t borrow anything from the Nazis. And the Nazis borrowed this song from the Communists, apparently purely by accident. But a persistent myth arose about the Nazi origin of the Soviet march.

Berliner Jungarbeiterlied

Size 4 / 4

TRANSPOSE TO ANOTHER KEY. HALF TONE

Current key: before major

Legend

Show

I. Strings from 6th to 1st (from left to right).
II. Fret number.
III. Open string.
IV. No sound is produced on the string.
V. Fingers: index (1), middle (2), ring (3), little finger (4).
VI. Barre with his index finger.

SONG “AVIAMARCH” (“ALL HIGH”). SELECT BATTLE (BURST)

Directory

Four

Bust 4/4

Bust 3/4

Bust 6/8

Bass + chord

Picking + chord

Legend

Fight + bust

Six string guitar. Accompaniment and rhythmic patterns

Very often, after learning the arrangement of chords on the guitar neck, beginning guitarists ask themselves: how should the right hand behave when playing accompaniment? Which rhythmic pattern is more suitable for a particular song? Should the accompaniment be played with strumming or strumming?

Strictly speaking, any song can be played with any rhythmic pattern, but there are some “rules”. It all depends on the nature and genre of the piece being performed. Thus, lyrical songs are usually performed by fingerpicking (in classical guitar terminology this technique is called “arpeggio”), marching songs by strumming (rasgueado), songs of a restrained nature by chords. For an experienced guitarist, all this may seem self-evident, but for a beginner, at first, some kind of “cheat sheet” or short reference book would not hurt. This small program, which presents the most common rhythmic patterns for popular song sizes (2/4, 3/4, 4/4 and 6/8), is a similar reference book.

SONG “AVIAMARSH” (“ALL HIGH”). TEXT

We were born to make a fairy tale come true,
Overcome space and space.
The mind* gave us steel wings,
And instead of a heart there is a fiery motor.

CHORUS:
Higher, higher, and higher
We strive for the flight of our birds;
And every propeller breathes
Peace of our borders.

Throwing into the air your obedient apparatus
Or creating an unprecedented flight,
We are aware of how the air fleet is growing stronger,
Our first proletarian fleet in the world.

Our sharp gaze pierces every atom,
Our every nerve is dressed with determination.
And believe us - for every ultimatum
The air fleet will be able to give an answer.

* option: Stalin

SONG “AVIAMARCH” (“ALL HIGH”). AUTHORS

Soviet composer Yuliy (Ilya) Abramovich Khait (1897-1966)

JULIY HIGHT

Julius Abramovich Khait was born on November 3 (15), 1897 into a Jewish family in Kyiv. In 1921 he graduated from the Faculty of Law of Kyiv University. He took composition lessons from M.I. Pruslin. In the same year he moved to Moscow. In 1923-1949. - employee of organizations for the protection of copyright of Soviet composers. In 1949, he was repressed and was imprisoned until 1953. In addition to “Air March,” Julius Khait wrote many other musical works: songs and romances (“In short, there will be meetings,” “You and I are not a couple,” “I won’t forget,” “For the guitar chime”, “No need for meetings”, “Not on the way”, etc.), as well as military-patriotic marches for brass bands (“Change”, “Our Coat of Arms”, “Red Sailors”, “Red Navy March” , “Soviet Hero”, “Greetings to the Winners”, “Guards Banners”, “Glory to the Heroes”, etc.). Died on December 6, 1966. He was buried in Moscow at the Vvedensky cemetery.

Soviet poet Pavel Davidovich German (1894-1952)

PAVEL GERMAN

Pavel Davidovich German was born in Kamenets-Podolsky in 1894. In 1914, with the outbreak of the First World War, he moved to Kyiv. Here the first collection of romances based on Herman's poems was published. The poet was also in Kyiv during the Civil War. In 1920, he worked together with the composer Yu. Hight at an evacuation point, and also performed together with Hight at the cafe “HLAM” (Artists-Writers-Artists-Musicians). In 1921 he moved to Moscow, becoming the head of the literary section of the Moscow Circus. From 1924 to 1928 he lived for some time in Riga, and then in Paris. In 1928, he began to engage in journalism, preparing for publication, together with N. Agnivtsev, several pop collections at the Teakinopechat publishing house. In addition to “Air March,” German also wrote the famous “Song about the Brick Factory” (music by V. Kruchinin, 1923), which quickly became popular among the people under the name “Bricks.” This was greatly facilitated by the fact that the song began to be performed by K. Shulzhenko, whom German met in 1924 in Kharkov. Among Herman’s other popular songs, we mention “Meetings happen only once in life”, “I don’t regret” (music by B. Fomin); “Days Roll After Days”, “The Song Remains a Song” (music by S. Pokrass, 1923); “Columbo” (music by Yu. Hight); “Never” (music by D. Bitsko); “Note” (music by N. Brodsky). Pavel Davidovich German died in 1952 in Moscow.

SONG “AVIAMARSH” (“ALL HIGH”). HISTORY OF CREATION

Soviet poster with text and notes of “Air March”

This march is full of joy, vigor, and life affirmation. It sounded especially sunny, with some new jubilant power, when Moscow welcomed Yuri Gagarin and his other cosmonaut friends. “Everything higher!” - the very lines from the song became, as it were, their motto. And the march was created in that distant time when our aviation was just in its infancy - in the fall of 1920. And this happened in Kyiv, which had only recently been liberated from foreign invaders, where everyone for whom Soviet power had become native tried to help it in any way they could. People of art also found their place in this patriotic movement.

The Soviet country did not yet have its own airplanes, but the young poet, the young dreamer Pavel German composed poems in which he confidently saw the future of our aviation, called upon to “overcome space and space,” capable of giving a proper response “to every ultimatum” of enemies. The poet introduced his friend, the young composer Yuli Khait, to the poems (both actively participated in cultural and educational work among the fighters, wrote several songs for them). Hight was carried away by the poetry, and the melody was born quickly. A day later, a new song sounded at the propaganda center in front of the Red Army soldiers leaving for the front.

“Air March” was greeted with enthusiasm: of course, it had its own Soviet song, one of the very few at that time!

And the song fell into place. According to newspapers, in 1925 it was sung by participants in the first long-distance flight of Soviet aviators Moscow - Beijing. Five years later, orchestras carried the sounds of this melody at the May Day demonstration in Berlin, when a delegation of Moscow workers welcomed Ernst Thälmann. Words taken from the “Air March” were included in the headlines of numerous newspaper articles dedicated to our aviation, and were cited in the address of the IX Congress of the Komsomol in 1931. In greetings to the VII Congress of the Comintern, they were delivered by the famous athlete Nina Kamneva, speaking on behalf of the delegation of Soviet paratroopers. “The native sky,” she said, “is the air fortress of the beloved Fatherland. We confidently sing: “And in every propeller breathes the calm of our borders.”

This song was heard both in Republican Spain and overseas, when Chkalov’s crew, who very clearly brought to life the lines from “Air March,” was enthusiastically greeted in the United States.

Significant fact: on August 7, 1933, the People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs signed the order: “Install an air march of the Military Air Forces “Everything Higher!”, music by Julius Khait, words by Pavel German.”

In the same year, Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, speaking on the radio from Kaluga to the May Day columns passing through Red Square, in particular, said:

Probably the orchestra in the square is now playing the march “Higher and Higher!” Wonderful music! Good and wonderfully correct words!

Konstantin Eduardovich then expressed confidence that “heroes and daredevils will lay the first take-off routes Earth - the orbit of the Moon, the Earth - the orbit of Mars, Moscow - the Moon, Kaluga - Mars...” A quarter of a century passed - and Soviet heroes really broke into space, and then The earth greeted them with precisely this “Air March”.

An enviable song destiny!