The above scene conveys an animated conversation between the characters. Fonvizin Nerosl test

The above scene conveys a lively conversation between the characters. What is this form of communication between characters in a work of art called?

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna. He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova. So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna. Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich. I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova. Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin. Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mitrofan. And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov. I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan. What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna. Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

Mrs. Prostakova. What rubbish, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. Yes, either you, mother, or father.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan. As soon as I start to fall asleep, I see that you, mother, are trying to beat the priest.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. You, mother: you are so tired, beating your father.

Mrs. Prostakova. Surround me, my dear friend! Here, son, is my only consolation.

Skotinin. Well, Mitrofanushka, I see you are a mother’s son, not a father’s son!

Prostakov. At least I love him, as a parent should, he’s a smart child, he’s a sensible child, he’s funny, he’s an entertainer; sometimes I am beside myself with him and with joy I truly do not believe that he is my son.

Skotinin. Only now our funny man is standing there, frowning.

Mrs. Prostakova. Shouldn't we send for a doctor to the city?

Mitrofan. No, no, mother. I'd rather get better on my own. I’ll run to the dovecote now, maybe...

Mrs. Prostakova. So maybe God is merciful. Go and have some fun, Mitrofanushka. Mitrofan and Eremeevna leave.

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Indicate the genre to which D. I. Fonvizin’s play “The Minor” belongs.

Explanation.

D. I. Fonvizin’s play “The Minor” belongs to the comedy genre.

Comedy is a genre of fiction characterized by a humorous or satirical approach, as well as a type of drama in which the moment of effective conflict or struggle between antagonistic characters is specifically resolved.

Answer: comedy.

Answer: comedy

Name a literary movement that was developed in the literature of the 18th century, the principles of which were embodied in the play by D. I. Fonvizin.

Explanation.

This literary movement is called classicism. Let's give a definition.

Classicism is an artistic movement in European literature of the 17th - early 19th centuries. The most important feature of classicism is a high level of citizenship in the subject matter, an appeal to the samples and forms of ancient literature as an aesthetic standard.

Answer: classicism.

Answer: classicism

Sofia Dobrynina (Primorsko-Akhtarsk) 30.01.2016 11:14

In the literary direction, Fonvizin's play (The Minor) is classified as educational realism. Although the play contains features of both classicism and realism. The author uses the techniques of classicism (unity of time, place...), but does it in a new way, i.e. shows the life and everyday life of the heroes. Therefore, "Minor" refers to early Russian realism of the Enlightenment.

Tatiana Statsenko

We read the question: “Name a literary movement that was developed in the literature of the 18th century...” It is hardly possible to talk about realism in Russian literature of the 18th century.

As the play progresses, the author's explanations and comments are given (“to the side,” “softened,” “with annoyance”). What term are they used to denote them?

Explanation.

This term is called a remark. Let's give a definition.

Directions are explanations with which the playwright precedes or accompanies the course of action in the play. remarks can explain the age, appearance, clothing of the characters, as well as their state of mind, behavior, movements, gestures, intonations. In the stage directions that precede an act, scene, or episode, a designation and sometimes a description of the scene of action or setting is given.

Answer: remark.

Answer: Remark|remarks

The speech of the characters is replete with words and expressions that violate the literary norm (“such rubbish,” “take me away,” etc.). Indicate this type of speech.

Explanation.

This type of speech is called vernacular. Let's give a definition.

Vernacular speech is words, expressions, grammatical forms and constructions common in non-literary colloquial speech, characteristic of poorly educated native speakers and clearly deviating from existing literary language norms. The bearer of vernacular is the uneducated and semi-educated urban population; sometimes words from colloquial speech are used by high-ranking officials in order to find a common language with the target audience.

Answer: vernacular.

Answer: vernacular | colloquial speech | vernacular

Polina Bashkirova 31.01.2017 16:27

Why is the “spoken” speech option not suitable?

Tatiana Statsenko

The names and surnames of the characters in this episode carry a certain meaning. What are these first and last names called?

Explanation.

They are called "talkers". Let's give a definition.

“Talking” surnames are surnames that are part of the characteristics of a character in a work of fiction, emphasizing the most striking feature of the character.

Answer: speakers.

Answer: speaking|speaking surnames|speaking surname

The given scene contains information about the characters, the place and time of the action, and describes the circumstances that took place before it began. Indicate the stage in the development of the plot, which is characterized by the named features.

Explanation.

This stage is called exposure. Let's give a definition.

Exposition is a depiction of the setting of the action and the position of the characters before the start of the action itself - this is the beginning and development of the conflict.

Answer: exposure.

Answer: exposure

What can you say about the education system in the Prostakov family?

Explanation.

The comedy by D.I. is dedicated to the problem of education in the family of a Russian landowner. Fonvizin "Undergrowth". “Matriarchy” reigns in this family. Mrs. Prostakova, not being particularly intelligent or educated, keeps her entire family subordinate. Mrs. Prostakova, loving her son with all her heart, does not bother him with his studies and pampers him in every possible way. She is unable to instill in Mitrofan any positive qualities or concepts of morality, since she herself is deprived of them. The results of such an upbringing are deplorable: Mitrofanushka is not only ignorant, but also malicious and cunning. In this scene we see that he knows how to flatter his mother, skillfully playing on her feelings. The hero appears in this scene as the favorite of his entire family. For his father, he is a “funny man” and an “entertainer”; his uncle characterizes Mitrofanushka as “mother’s son.” In fact, he is a slacker and a lazy person, a spoiled brat, accustomed to idleness, who quickly learned the customs of the family.

What works of Russian writers satirically depict the morals of the nobles and what brings them closer to the play by D. I. Fonvizin?

Explanation.

Ignorance, parasitism and idleness reign in Prostakova's family. The Prostakov-Skotinins think only about filling their own wallet and their own stomach; they are incapable of managing or being useful. Fonvizin ridicules such nobles, but his laughter sounds through his tears, because the state is in danger from such would-be rulers.

The nobility is also depicted satirically in Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit.” In the Famusov family, everything is planned in advance: the daughter must be married to a rich man, no matter what his inner content will be, as long as the capitalist is larger. Famusov himself preaches veneration, ignorance, and is far from moral and moral guidelines. Condemning his daughter for her relationship with Molchalin, who did not leave according to his rank, he himself is not averse to wooing the maid Liza.

Spiritual emptiness also characterizes the capital’s society gathered at Anna Pavlovna Scherer’s evening. In the novel “War and Peace” L.N. Tolstoy compares noble society to a well-oiled mechanism, which, however, works in vain. The nobles produce nothing, create nothing; from idleness they have lost their humanity.

Thus, Fonvizin, Griboyedov and Tolstoy are characterized by a common attitude towards the ruling class - such people cannot be the elite of society, in their hands Russia is in danger.

Explanation.

This form of communication is called dialogue. Let's give a definition.

Dialogue is a literary or theatrical form of oral or written exchange of statements (replicas) in a conversation between two or more people. Traditionally contrasted with monologue.

Answer: dialogue.

Answer: dialogue|polylogue

Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin

Comedy "The Minor" (1782)

Meaning of the name

In the 18th century minors were the children of the nobility who had not reached 15 years of age, i.e., the age appointed by Peter I for entering the service. Fonvizin gave this word a mocking, ironic meaning.

Mitrofan

Mental immaturity

respect: knows neither arithmetic nor geography,

can't tell the difference

adjective from noun

Moral inferiority

respect: does not know how to respect dignity

other people

Minor in civilian clothes

sense: has not matured enough to understand his duty to

state: " Well, what can come out of it for the fatherland?

Mitrofanushki?..»

(Starodum)

Comedy character system

Three groups are clearly distinguished: each contains three male and one female images.

Positive heroes

Negative heroes

Educators

Starodum;

Prostakova;

Prostakov;

Skotinin;

Mitrofan

Eremeevna;

Tsyfirkin;

Kuteikin;

Vralman

Negative heroes

Prostakova

Meaning of the name	From “simple, simpleton.” In the 18th century The word “simple” meant “empty, unoccupied”
Character traits	Despotic, unprincipled. When confronted with a stronger person, he begins to please and ingratiate himself. He robs and punishes peasants, considering them inferior beings. Rude, grumpy, selfish, cares only about her own benefit. Sees the meaning of his life in his son, loves him blindly
Upbringing and education Prostakova	Prostakova inherited her lack of moral principles from her parents. She grew up in a family with eighteen children, of whom only two survived, the rest died due to parental neglect. Prostakova's father, having served as a governor for fifteen years, remained illiterate, but managed to get rich, and died of hunger, lying on a chest of money.
Ambiguity of the image	At the end of Prostakova’s comedy, when her beloved son abandons her, she evokes pity among the heroes and the audience. Prostakova’s character and life attitudes are not her fault, but the result of a bad upbringing
Functions in plot development	Before the comedy begins: taking advantage of Sophia’s orphanhood, he takes possession of her estate. The comedy takes place in Prostakova's house. Prostakova decides to marry Sophia without her consent, first to her brother Skotinin, then to her son Mitrofan. Tries to organize the kidnapping of Sophia and marry her to Mitrofan
Prostakova	- “I love that strangers listen to me.” - “From morning to evening I’m hanging by the tongue, I don’t lay down my hands: I scold, I fight; This is how the house holds together.” - “Since we took away everything the peasants had, we can’t take anything back.” - “A nobleman is not free to whip his servants when he wants! But why have we been given a decree on the freedom of the nobility?” - “My only concern, my only joy is Mitrofanushka. My age is passing. I’m preparing him to become a people.” Prostakova about her father: “It happened that he deigned to shout: I will curse the child who learns something from the infidels, and be it not Skotinin who wants to learn something.”
Pravdin about Prostakova	- “I found a landowner who is a countless fool, and a wife who is a despicable fury, whose hellish disposition brings misfortune to their entire house.” - “Should you be rude to your mother? It was her crazy love for you that brought her the most misfortune.”(Mitrofan)
Sofia about Prostakova	“Hearing that my uncle was making me an heir, I suddenly went from being rude and scolding to being affectionate to the point of being mean.”

Skotinin

Meaning of the name	Derived from “cattle”, “cattle”. On the one hand, it reflects the hero’s love for farm animals (pigs), on the other on the other hand, characterizes him as a rude, mean person
Character traits	Rude, ignorant, tyrannical ( “Isn’t a nobleman free to beat servant whenever he wants? "Any loss Instead of going after him, I’ll rip off my own peasants and end up in the water.”). Narcissistic ( “I’ll say, without boasting, what I am, really, there are few of them”). Mentally undeveloped. The main passion is the love for pigs ( “I love pigs, sis.”)
Upbringing	He was brought up in the same environment as Prostakova. Flaunts his lack of education
Functions in plot development	First he wants to marry Sophia in order to get her estate, famous for pigs, and “have his own piglets”; then - to use Sophia’s inheritance to buy back “all the pigs in the world.” At the end of the comedy, he is instructed to notify “all the Skotinins” (i.e., all the landowners, of whom Skotinin is a typical representative) that they will be punished for their rude attitude towards the servants

Mitrofan

Meaning of the name	Translated from Greek, “representing the mother,” “given by the mother.” The hero's name emphasizes that his mother had the most destructive influence on him. Mitrofan became what he is as a result of improper upbringing
Character traits	Spoiled, capricious, selfish. Incapable of love: he curries favor with his mother while he feels her strength, but when Prostakova is deprived of power in the house, she pushes her away. Selfish, cunning - threatens suicide, pretends to be sick. Lazy, loves to eat, has an aversion to any work - he spends all his time in the dovecote. In dealing with people he is rude and impudent, as he feels the protection of his mother. Cowardly (hides behind Eremeevna's back when Skotinin attacks him)
Upbringing and education	Completely ignorant, despite the fact that teachers teach him. " Tsyfirkin. God gave me a student, a boyar's son. I’ve been fighting him for three years now: I can’t count three can not. - Kuteikin. So we have one problem. I have been tormenting my stomach for four years now. To sit for an hour, except for the butts, he won’t be able to make out a new line; Yes, and he mumbles his behinds, God forgive me, without a warehouse in warehouses, to no avail in his talk». Mitrofan’s phrase “I don’t want to study, I want to get married” became popular
Functions in plot development	Concern for Mitrofan is the reason for Prostakova’s desire to marry Sophia to him. Does not take a direct part in the development of the comedy, but is the cause of many conflicts

Prostakov

Positive heroes

Starodum

Meaning of the name	Means “thinking in the old way”, indicates that his ideals belong to the previous, Petrine, era
Character traits	Honest, noble. Pravdin says about Starodum: “From birth he did not speak the language “yes” when his soul felt “no.” Inertia and inhumanity evoke in him indignation and contempt ( "Nothing like this tormented my heart like innocence in the nets deceit. I've never been like this pleased with himself, as if he had vomited spoils from the hands of vice"). He achieves everything through honest work ( “I retired for several years to the land where money is obtained without exchanging it for conscience, without vile seniority, without robbing the fatherland.”). People are assessed by the benefit they bring to the fatherland, and not by their rank and position in society
Criticism of the court and monarch	- “Almost no one drives along the big straight road, but everyone takes a detour, hoping to get there as quickly as possible.” - “One knocks down the other, and the one who is on his feet never again raises the one who is on the ground.” - “I left the court without villages, without a ribbon, without ranks, but I brought mine home intact, my soul, my honor, my rules.” - “The great sovereign is the wise sovereign. His job is to show people their direct good... A sovereign worthy of the throne strives to elevate the souls of his subjects.” Starodum’s very commitment to Peter’s “antiquity” was a peculiar form of rejection of Catherine’s “newness”
Starodum's instructions to Sophia	- “Everyone will find enough strength in himself to be virtuous. You have to want it decisively, and then the easiest thing will be not to do something for which your conscience would prick you.” - “I will calculate the degree of nobility by the number of deeds that the great gentleman did for the fatherland, and not by the number of deeds that he took upon himself out of arrogance; not by the number of people hanging around in his hallway, but by the number of people satisfied with his behavior and deeds.” - “According to my calculation, the rich man is not the one who counts out money in order to hide it in a chest, but the one who counts out what he has in excess in order to help someone who does not have what he needs.” - “With runaway minds we see bad husbands, bad fathers, bad citizens. Good behavior gives him a direct price. Without it, an intelligent person is a monster.” - “The dignity of the heart is indivisible. An honest person must be a completely honest person."
Upbringing and education	- “The education given to me by my father was the best in that century. At that time there were few ways to learn, and they still didn’t know how to fill an empty head with someone else’s mind.” - “My father constantly repeated the same thing to me: have a heart, have a soul, and you will be a man at all times.”
Functions in plot development	With the arrival of Starodum, the main events of the comedy begin: the matchmaking of Skotinin and Mitrofan, the refusal to marry Sophia, Prostakova’s organization of Sophia’s kidnapping. The inheritance he left to Sophia makes her independent and causes ingratiation from negative characters The desire to marry Sophia to a certain young man with the mutual love of Sophia and Milon and at the same time the readiness to obey his uncle in everything forms an intrigue until it becomes clear that the young man whom Starodum expects to be the husband of his niece and Milon are one person. Through the mouth of Starodum, the thoughts and views of Fonvizin himself are expressed; this is a hero expressing the ideological content of comedy

Pravdin

Meaning of the name

Derived from “truth”, it is truth, i.e. justice, that this hero serves. Attention is focused on the hero’s surname, which gives it special significance: “Skotinin. What about your last name? I didn't hear enough. Pravdin. I call myself Pravdin so that you heard enough"

Activities Pravdin

Serves as an official in the viceroyalty - an institution created in 1775 by Catherine II in each province to oversee the implementation of government decrees locally.

Pravdin considers his main task, not only by virtue of his position, but also “out of his own feat of heart,” to be the suppression of the willfulness of the landowners, who, "having over their people use full power her for evil inhumanely"

Functions in plot development

In the finale of the comedy, Pravdin, on behalf of the government, takes custody of Prostakova’s estate, depriving her of the right to arbitrarily dispose of the peasants

Milo

Characteristic

An exemplary officer, brave and selfless.

He sincerely loves Sophia and does not seek benefits from marrying her.

- “And what is the difference between the fearlessness of a soldier who, in an attack, risks his life along with others, and between the fearlessness of a statesman who speaks the truth to the sovereign, daring to anger him. The judge who, fearing neither vengeance nor the threats of the strong, gave justice to the helpless, is a hero in my eyes.”

Functions in plot development

Claims for Sophia's hand, being the antipode of unworthy contenders - Skotinin and Mitrofan.

He becomes Sophia's fiancé, thereby causing Prostakova's indignation.

Saves Sophia from kidnapping

Sophia

Meaning of the name

Translated from Greek it means “wisdom” (the highest value of the Enlightenment era)

Characteristic

Modest, prudent, virtuous.

He is the embodiment of “virtue in the hands of vice.”

Thirsts for knowledge, seeks moral guidelines

(“Your instructions, uncle, will make up my entire well-being. Give me rules that I must follow. Guide my heart. It is ready to obey you").

Respects elders

Functions in plot development

Prostakova's attitude towards Sophia reveals the thirst for profit and the tyranny of the landowner.

The matchmaking of Skotinin, Mitrofan and Milon to Sophia forms the main storyline of the comedy.

In the finale of the comedy, an attempt to kidnap Sophia leads to the collapse of Prostakova’s power, whose estate Pravdin takes under his guardianship.

Educators

Eremeevna	- “Mama”, i.e. Mitrofan’s nurse. She is attached to the house and owners, protects and protects Mitrofan. For forty years of service I received “ five rubles per year, and five slaps per day». Slave nature, has no self-esteem
Pafnutich Tsyfirkin	Math teacher, former soldier. He doesn’t like to “live idlely”, he’s used to work, but he doesn’t take on his own business. Refuses money for Mitrofan’s education, since the student has not learned anything: “I served the sovereign for more than twenty years. I took money for service, I didn’t take it empty-handed, and I won’t take it.” This earns respect from the goodies, and they reward him beyond expectations.
Sidorich Kuteikin	Teacher of Russian and Church Slavonic languages. Having not completed his studies at the seminary, he asked to be excused from studying, fearing the “abyss of wisdom,” to which he received the answer: “Such and such a seminarian should be dismissed from all teaching: it is written, do not throw pearls before swine, lest they trample him underfoot.” Cunning, greedy, for which he is punished in the final
Vralman	History teacher, German. It turns out that he was a former coachman who, unable to find a job, became a teacher. The fact that Vralman became a teacher respected by the owners of the house speaks of the Prostakovs’ ignorance, of their stupid adherence to the fashion for foreign teachers

Features of the creative method in comedy

Features of classicism

The principle of the highest assessment of a person: serving the state, fulfilling his civic duty;

The contrast between two eras, characteristic of Russian classicism: Peter’s and the one to which the author belongs;

The rule of “three unities” is observed: time, place, action (the action takes place during the day on Prostakova’s estate);

The plot is built on a traditional classicist basis - the rivalry between worthy and unworthy suitors for the heroine's hand;

A strict system of images, dividing characters into positive and negative;

Speaking names and surnames;

Static characters (their characters do not change)

Genre originality

The comic takes on a darkly tragic character, farcical brawls are no longer perceived as traditional funny sideshows

Fonvizin was the creator of social comedy in Russia. Through the educational opposition of the world of evil to the world of reason, the content of the everyday satirical comedy

received a philosophical interpretation

The function of the sounding board of classical drama has changed. Starodum Fonvizin acts as a political speaker, and his speeches are a form of presentation of a political program

For the first time in Russian drama, the love affair of comedy was completely relegated to the background and acquired auxiliary significance.

Ms. Prostakova(Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Come on, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. After all, I hope the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna. He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova. So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna. Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan Terentyevich. I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova. Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin. Yes, apparently, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mitrofan. And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov. I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan. What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna. Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

Mrs. Prostakova. What rubbish, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. Yes, either you, mother, or father.

Ms. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan. As soon as I start to fall asleep, I see that you, mother, deign to beat father.

Prostakov(to the side). Well! my misfortune! sleep in hand!

Mitrofan(softening up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova(with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan. You, mother: you are so tired, beating your father.

Mrs. Prostakova. Surround me, my dear friend! Here, son, is my only consolation.

Skotinin. Well, Mitrofanushka! You, I see, are a mother’s son, not a father’s son.

Prostakov. At least I love him, as a parent should, he’s a smart child, he’s a sensible child, he’s funny, he’s an entertainer; sometimes I am beside myself with him, with joy I truly don’t believe that he is my son, Skotinin. Only now our funny man is standing there, frowning.

Mrs. Prostakova. Shouldn't we send for a doctor to the city?

Mitrofan. No, no, mother. I'd rather get better on my own. I’ll run to the dovecote now, maybe...

Mrs. Prostakova. So maybe God is merciful. Go and have some fun, Mitrofanushka.

Mitrofan and Eremeevna leave.

IN 1. Indicate the genre to which D.I. Fonvizin’s play “The Minor” belongs.

AT 2. Name the literary movement that was developed in the literature of the 18th century, the principles of which were embodied in the play by D.I. Fonvizina.

AT 3. The above scene conveys a lively conversation between the characters. What is this form of communication between characters in a work of art called?

AT 4. As the play progresses, the author's explanations and comments are given (“to the side,” “softened,” “with annoyance”). What term do they use?

AT 5. The characters’ speech is replete with words and expressions that violate literary norms (“such rubbish,” “take me away,” etc.). Indicate this type of speech.

AT 6. The names and surnames of the characters in this episode carry a certain meaning. What are these first and last names called?

AT 7. The given scene contains information about the characters, the place and time of the action, and describes the circumstances that took place before it began. Indicate the stage in the development of the plot, which is characterized by the named features.

C1. What can you say about the education system in the Prostakov family?

C2. What works of Russian writers satirically depict the morals of the nobles and what brings them closer to the play by D.I. Fonvizin?

Test

Fonvizin "Nedorosl"