Nikolai Rubtsov is a good biography. Nikolai Rubtsov: biography, briefly about life and work

Nikolai Rubtsov is a Russian lyric poet. During his short biography, he managed to write many works that are still popular and translated into many languages.

Biography of Rubtsov

Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov was born on January 3, 1936 in the village of Yemetsk, in the Arkhangelsk region. His father, Mikhail Andrianovich, held a leading position in a consumer cooperative.

In 1936, the Rubtsov family moved to the city of Nyandoma, where they lived for about 3 years. The day before (1941-1945) the family left for.

Soon Rubtsov Sr., like millions of his compatriots, went to the front.

Childhood and youth

In 1942, in the biography of 6-year-old Rubtsov, 2 tragedies occurred at once. In the summer, his mother passed away, and after that his sister, who was barely 1 year old, also died.

These events became a real blow for the boy, as a result of which at such a young age he wrote his first poem.

Considering the fact that the mother died and the father was at the front, the Rubtsov children were sent to different boarding schools.

Despite the fact that in the orphanage Nikolai was often malnourished and experienced many other difficulties, he recalled this part of his biography with warmth. He studied diligently at school and had good grades in all subjects.

In 1952, Rubtsov got a job at Tralflot. By this time he was already convinced that his father had been killed in the war. But in reality, everything was completely different.

The father of the future poet, Mikhail Rubtsov, returned from the front and immediately began searching for his children. However, due to the fact that all the archives were lost, he was unable to find a single child.

It is worth noting that later the poet still managed to meet his father. This meeting will take place in 1955, when Nikolai turns 19 years old.

During the biography period 1950-1952. Nikolai Rubtsov studied at the Totemsky Forestry Technical School. After that, he worked as a fireman for about a year. In 1953, the young man entered the Mining and Chemical College, but was never able to graduate due to a failed session.

In 1955, Nikolai Rubtsov was called up to serve in the Northern Fleet, where he served for exactly 4 years.

Creative biography of Rubtsov

The first published poem in Rubtsov’s biography was called “May has come.” This happened in 1957, when he served in the navy.

After demobilization in 1959, the poet went to. There he changed many professions, managing to work as a mechanic, fireman and factory loader.

At this time, Nikolai Rubtsov met the poets Boris Taigin and Gleb Gorbovsky. With their support, he was able to publish his first collection of poems, Waves and Rocks, which was published in 1962.

In the same year, he successfully passed the exams at the capital's Literary Institute. M. Gorky.

During this period of his biography, Nikolai Rubtsov made many friends, including writers.

An interesting fact is that while studying at the institute, the poet was expelled from it, although he was later reinstated. The reason for his expulsion was his alcohol addiction.

Poems by Rubtsov

Over the years, 2 poetry collections have been published from Rubtsov’s pen: “Star of the Fields” and “Lyrics”. And although the young poet did not have such fame as his contemporaries in the person of Akhmadulina, Rozhdestvensky and, he still had fans.

In 1968, Nikolai Rubtsov received an apartment. The following year he graduated from the institute, after which he got a job at the Vologda Komsomolets publication.

About 3 years before his death, Rubtsov published the collections “The Soul Keeps” and “The Noise of Pines.”

After his death, several more books will be published, including:

• Green flowers
• plantains
• Poems

Songs based on poems by Rubtsov

Many famous songs were written based on Nikolai Rubtsov’s poems and performed by famous artists. The most popular compositions were “Blurred Path”, “Autumn Song”, “Leaves Flew Away” and “Bouquet”.

The last song performed by Alexander Barykin still does not lose its popularity and is constantly played on radio stations.

Personal life

While a student at a Moscow institute, Nikolai Rubtsov met Henrietta Menshikova. In 1963, the young people decided to get married, but did not sign. In this actual marriage, they had a girl, Elena.

Soon Nikolai Mikhailovich met the little-known poetess Lyudmila Derbina.

Rubtsov became seriously interested in her, but the girl made it clear that she was not going to develop any relationship with him. Only years later did she realize that she loved him.

Ultimately, Lyudmila went to Vologda to see Rubtsov and stayed to live with him. However, their relationship can hardly be called happy.

The poet was addicted to alcohol and often went on binges. Because of this, quarrels and scandals often arose between them. However, in the winter of 1971, the young people decided to officially get married.

Death

Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov died tragically on January 19, 1971 at the age of 35. He didn't live to see his wedding for just a month. Biographers are still arguing about the true cause of Rubtsov’s death.

The body of the dead poet was found in the apartment. His fiancee admitted she was guilty of manslaughter.

An examination showed that death was caused by strangulation. For the crime committed, Lyudmila was sentenced to 8 years.

According to the woman, during one of the quarrels Rubtsov had a heart attack, so she does not see her direct fault in his death.

The poet was buried at the Vologda Poshekhonskoye cemetery.

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Our literature knows many great writers who brought immortal values ​​to Russian culture. The biography and work of Nikolai Rubtsov are important in the history of Russia. Let's talk in more detail about his contribution to literature.

The childhood of Nikolai Rubtsov

The poet was born in 1936, January 3. This happened in the village of Yemets, which is located in the Arkhangelsk region. His father was Mikhail Andreyanovich Rubtsov, who served as a political worker. In 1940, the family moved to Vologda. Here they met the war.

The biography of Nikolai Rubtsov includes many sorrows that befell the poet. Little Kolya was orphaned early. My father went to war and never returned. Many believed that he was dead. In fact, he decided to leave his wife and moved to a separate house in the same city. After the death of his mother in 1942, Nikolai was sent to Nikolsky. Here he studied at school until the seventh grade.

The poet's youth

The biography and work of Nikolai Rubtsov are closely intertwined with his hometown of Vologda.

Here he met his first love - Henrietta Menshikova. They had a daughter, Lena, but their life together did not work out.

The young poet entered the Forestry Technical School of the city of Totma. However, he studied there for only two years. Afterwards he tried himself as a fireman on the trawl fleet in Arkhangelsk. Then he was a laborer at the Leningrad training ground.

In 1955-1959, Nikolai Rubtsov served in the army as a senior sailor. After being demobilized, he remained to live in Leningrad. He is accepted to the Kirov plant, where he again changes several professions: from mechanic and fireman to charger. Fascinated by poetry, Nikolai entered the Moscow Gorky University in 1962. Here he meets Kunyaev, Sokolov and other young writers who become his friends. They help him publish his first works.

Rubtsov faces difficulties at the institute. He even thinks about quitting his studies, but his like-minded people support the poet, and already in the 60s he published the first collections of his poems. The biography and creativity of Nikolai Rubtsov during his institute life clearly conveys to the reader his experiences and spiritual mood.

Nikolai graduated from college in 1969 and moved into a one-room apartment, his first separate home. Here he continues to write his works.

Published works

Since the 1960s, Rubtsov's works have been published at quite an enviable speed. In 1965, a collection of poems, Lyrics, was published. Following it in 1969, “Star of the Fields” was published.

With a break of one year (in 1969 and 1970), the collections “The Soul Keeps” and “Pines Noise” were published.

In 1973, after the poet’s death, “The Last Steamship” was published in Moscow. From 1974 to 1977, three more publications were published: “Selected Lyrics”, “Plantains” and “Poems”.

Songs based on poems by Nikolai Rubtsov gained great popularity. Every resident of our country is familiar with “I will ride my bicycle for a long time,” “It’s light in my upper room,” and “In moments of sad music.”

Creative life

Nikolai Rubtsov's poems echo his childhood. Reading them, we plunge into the calm world of Vologda life. He writes about home comfort, love and devotion. Many works are dedicated to the wonderful time of year - autumn.

In general, the poet’s work is filled with truthfulness and authenticity.

Despite the simplicity of the language, his poems have scale and power. Rubtsov's syllable is rhythmic and has a complex, fine structure. In his works one can feel the love for the Motherland and unity with nature.

The biography and work of Nikolai Rubtsov ends suddenly and absurdly. He dies on January 19, 1971 during a family quarrel at the hands of his fiancee Lyudmila Derbina. The investigation established that the poet died from strangulation. Derbina was sentenced to seven years in prison.

Many biographers express the opinion that Nikolai Rubtsov predicted his death, writing about it in the poem “I will die in the Epiphany frosts.”

A street in Vologda is named after the writer. Monuments have been erected to him in several cities of Russia. Rubtsov's poems continue to enjoy great love among readers of different ages. His works remain relevant in our time, because people always need love and peace.

Born on January 3, 1936 in the village of Yemetsk, Arkhangelsk region. In 1940, he moved with his family to Vologda, where the Rubtsovs were caught in the war. According to some sources, Nikolai’s father, Mikhail Adrianovich Rubtsov (1900-1963), went to the front and died in 1941; according to other sources, he abandoned his family and lived separately in Vologda after the war. In 1942, his mother died, and Nikolai was sent to the Nikolsky orphanage in the Totemsky district of the Vologda region, where he graduated from seven classes of school. Here his daughter Elena was born in a civil marriage with Menshikova Henrietta Mikhailovna.

From 1950 to 1952, the future poet studied at the Totemsky Forestry College. Then, from 1952 to 1953, he worked as a fireman in the Arkhangelsk trawl fleet of the Sevryba trust; from 1953 to 1955, he studied at the Mining and Chemical College of the Ministry of Chemical Industry in Kirovsk (Murmansk Region). Since March 1955 Rubtsov was a laborer at an experimental military training ground.

From October 1955 to 1959, he served in the army in the Northern Fleet (with the rank of sailor and senior sailor). After demobilization, he lived in Leningrad, working alternately as a mechanic, fireman and charger at the Kirov plant.

Rubtsov begins studying at the literary association “Narvskaya Zastava”, meets young Leningrad poets Gleb Gorbovsky, Konstantin Kuzminsky, Eduard Shneiderman. In July 1962, with the help of Boris Taigin, he published his first typewritten collection, “Waves and Rocks.”

In August 1962, Rubtsov entered the Literary Institute. M. Gorky in Moscow and met Vladimir Sokolov, Stanislav Kunyaev, Vadim Kozhinov and other writers, whose friendly participation more than once helped him both in his creativity and in the matter of publishing poetry. Problems soon arose with his stay at the institute, but the poet continued to write, and in the mid-1960s his first collections were published.

In 1969, Rubtsov graduated from the Literary Institute and received the first separate one-room apartment in his life.

While intoxicated, he died on January 19, 1971 (on the day of Epiphany) in Vologda on Yashina Street at number 3, as a result of a family quarrel with the aspiring poetess Lyudmila Derbina (Granovskaya), whom he was going to marry (on January 5 they submitted documents to the registry office ). The judicial investigation established that death was caused by strangulation. Lyudmila Derbina was sentenced to 7 years. Biographers mention Rubtsov’s poem as a prediction of the date of his own tragic death.

In her subsequent memoirs and interviews about this tragic incident, Lyudmila Derbina expressed the hypothesis that death Nikolai Rubtsov could have occurred as a result of a heart attack. It is quite possible that a very strong emotional experience and alcohol intoxication could contribute to this.

He was buried in Vologda at the Poshekhonskoye cemetery.

The Vologda “small homeland” and the Russian North gave him the main theme of his future work - “ancient Russian identity”, which became the center of his life, “a land ... sacred”, where he felt “both alive and mortal.”

His first collection was released in 1962. It was called "Waves and Rocks." The second book of poems, “Lyrics,” was published in 1965 in Arkhangelsk. Then the poetry collections “Star of the Fields” (1967), “The Soul Keeps” (1969), and “Pine Noise” (1970) were published. “Green Flowers”, which were being prepared for publication, appeared after the poet’s death.

Rubtsov's poetry, extremely simple in its style and themes, associated primarily with his native Vologda region, has creative authenticity, internal scale, and a finely developed figurative structure.

Particularly famous are the songs based on his poems, “I will ride a bicycle for a long time”, “In moments of sad music”, .

Nikolai Rubtsov himself wrote about his poetry:

I won't rewrite
From the book of Tyutchev and Fet,
I'll even stop listening
The same Tyutchev and Fet.
And I won't make it up
Myself special, Rubtsova,
I'll stop believing for this
In the same Rubtsov,
But I'm at Tyutchev and Fet's
I'll check your sincere word,
So that the book of Tyutchev and Fet
Continue with Rubtsov’s book!..

Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov is a representative of Russian lyric poets. Born on January 3, 1936 in the village of Yemetsk, Northern Kholmogory Territory, which is now the Arkhangelsk Region. Soon, Nikolai and his family moved to the city of Nyandom, where they lived for two years. Nikolai's father, Mikhail Andrianovich, worked as a political officer. The family’s house was located not far from the railway embankment, where his old sister died before Nikolai’s eyes. Because of this deplorable event, Nikolai filled Nyandoma for a long time. The family moved to Vologda, where, again, still under the yoke of misfortune, they were caught by the war. In the summer of 1942, Nikolai’s mother and younger sister died, and since his father was at the front during this period, the children were sent to boarding schools. It was for the first time in the boarding school that Nikolai wrote his first poem. He was only six years old at that time.

Together with his brother, Nikolai ended up in the Nikolsky boarding school - the Krasovsky orphanage in the Totemsky district in the Vologda region. It was in this boarding school that he managed to complete seven classes of that educational institution. Now this boarding school has been converted into a museum in memory of N.M. Rubtsov. In Nikolskoye village, where the poet continued his life, he met Henrietta Mikhailovna Menshikova, with whom they later raised their daughter in a civil marriage.

He continued his further studies in the city of Totma at the Forestry College. Nikolai Rubtsov continued his studies at the technical school until 1955, and later changed a number of different professions. In 1955, he was expelled from the technical school due to failure to pass the winter session. In March of the same year, he got a job as a laborer at an experimental military training ground. But this year is also characterized by an amazing event - a meeting with his own father, whom Nikolai believed to have died in the war since 1941.

In August 1962, Nikolai Rubtsov entered the Gorky Literary Institute in Moscow, which significantly influenced his development as a poet. After graduating from the institute, he received a position on the staff of the Vologda Komsomolets newspaper. The poet's death was filled with no less tragic and unusual events than his whole life. He died from asphyxia of the respiratory tract on January 19, 1971 in his apartment and the poetess Lyudmila Derbina (Granovskaya), with whom there was a quarrel and the tragic outcome of the poet, had a hand, literally and figuratively, in this. The famous verse “I will die in the Epiphany frosts” by Nikolai Rubtsov turned out to be prophetic. Researchers of Nikolai Rubtsov’s works call his work extremely original and characteristic of Russia. Rubtsov's poetry was filled with simple stylistic elements and did not have a complex structure - it was understandable to the common Russian person. Poetry was dedicated, to a greater extent, to his native Vologda region. If you read the author’s poems, his poetry has an internal scale, penetration, a certain creative authenticity, and truth. Nikolai Rubtsov spent many years developing a structure of images characteristic only of his poetry, for which he is still deeply revered by literary scholars and fans of Russian lyric poetry.

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Born in the Arkhangelsk region in 1936, Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov grew up in an orphanage. His father was sent to war, and his mother was lost during the war years. They remember that Rubtsov was a good-natured child and showed great perseverance and desire in his studies. The fundamental factors that formed the basis of the poet’s work were childhood memories associated with the village of Nikolskoye, where he spent his childhood. I tried to study at several technical schools, but never completed my studies in any of them.

Starting in 1955, Nikolai Mikhailovich moved to Leningrad. He worked there at various factories and also served in the navy. The years spent in an orphanage help him to easily endure all the hardships of service.

In 1962 he entered the Literary Institute in Moscow. There he submits his poems for the competition. During these years, his work was assessed extremely controversially. Some saw in him outright mediocrity, while others predicted a wonderful future for the poet.

Rubtsov's fate was similar to the life of the great Russian poet Sergei Yesenin. He, like Yesenin, got into various troubles that ended with a police invasion. As eyewitnesses recall, for the most part he was not the culprit of all these negative situations, the circumstances just somehow magically turned out that way. We can say that he was haunted by evil fate.

Family life was also unsuccessful. Due to the fact that the poet often found himself in bad situations and his lack of money, all this caused a negative atmosphere in his family. The mother-in-law, who has seen the entire situation in their family’s life, turns Rubtsov’s wife and child against him. The poet, in order not to develop the conflict, simply leaves them.

After finishing his studies in 1969, the poet got a job at the Vologda newspaper.

The poet's death was a surprise to everyone. According to some reports, it is assumed that he was killed by his beloved during strangulation. Coincidence or not, many believe that Rubtsov himself predicted his death in one of his poems, “I will die in the Epiphany frosts.” Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov died in January 1971.

The main source of inspiration for the poet is the symbol of Russia. Her power and greatness. The width of the open spaces and unusually beautiful nature. In his poems, he describes the simplicity of the Russian soul, based on the experience of living in the village. At the heart of the poems is the theme of searching for the meaning of human life. The first collection of poems was published in 1965. Subsequently, three more collections are published.

Biography by dates and interesting facts. The most important.

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