Arguments on the topic of the path to the experience of error. Arguments for an Unified State Exam essay on the topic: Experience and mistakes

"Experience and mistakes"

Official comment:

Within the framework of the direction, discussions are possible about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, a people, humanity as a whole, about the cost of mistakes on the path to understanding the world, gaining life experience. Literature often makes you think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

“Experience and errors” is a direction in which a clear opposition of two polar concepts is less implied, because without errors there is and cannot be experience. A literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, and takes the path of spiritual and moral development. By assessing the actions of the characters, the reader gains invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make one’s own mistakes, the price of which can be very high. Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that a wrong decision or an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also have the most fatal impact on the destinies of others. In literature we also encounter tragic mistakes that affect the destinies of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic area.

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:

 You should not be timid for fear of making mistakes; the biggest mistake is to deprive yourself of experience. Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues

 In all matters, we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and correcting ourselves. Karl Raymund Popper

 Learn from every mistake. Ludwig Wittgenstein

 Shyness may be appropriate everywhere, but not in admitting one’s mistakes. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

 It is easier to find error than truth. Johann Wolfgang Goethe

List of literature in the field of “Experience and mistakes”

A. S. Pushkin “The Captain's Daughter”

L. N. Tolstoy “War and Peace”

F. M. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment”

M. Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time”

A. S. Pushkin “Eugene Onegin”

I. S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”

I. A. Bunin “Mr. from San Francisco”

A. I. Kuprin “Garnet Bracelet”

A. S. Griboedov “Woe from Wit”

Guy de Maupassant "The Necklace"

Materials for literary arguments.

M. Yu. Lermontov novel “Hero of Our Time”

Only after losing Vera did Pechorin realize that he loved her. The worst mistake is not appreciating what you have.

A socialite and relative of Princess Mary, Vera, came to Kislovodsk. Readers learned that Pechorin was once passionately in love with this woman. She also retained a bright feeling for Grigory Alexandrovich in her heart. Vera and Gregory met. And here we saw a different Pechorin: not a cold and angry cynic, but a man of great passions, who had not forgotten anything and felt suffering and pain. After meeting with Vera, who, being a married woman, could not unite with the hero who was in love with her, Pechorin threw himself into the saddle. He galloped over mountains and valleys, greatly exhausting his horse.

On a horse exhausted from fatigue, Pechorin accidentally met Mary and frightened her.

Soon Grushnitsky, with ardent feeling, began to prove to Pechorin that after all his antics he would never be received in the princess’s house. Pechorin argued with his friend, proving the opposite.
Pechorin went to the ball with Princess Ligovskaya. Here he began to behave unusually courteously towards Mary: he danced with her like a wonderful gentleman, protected her from a tipsy officer, and helped her cope with fainting. Mother Mary began to look at Pechorin with different eyes and invited him to her house as a close friend.

Pechorin began to visit the Ligovskys. He became interested in Mary as a woman, but the hero was still attracted to Vera. On one of their rare dates, Vera told Pechorin that she was terminally ill with consumption, so she asked him to spare her reputation. Vera also added that she always understood the soul of Grigory Alexandrovich and accepted him with all his vices.

Pechorin, however, became friends with Mary. The girl admitted to him that she was bored with all the fans, including Grushnitsky. Pechorin, using his charm, out of nothing to do, made the princess fall in love with him. He couldn’t even explain to himself why he needed this: either to have fun, or to annoy Grushnitsky, or perhaps to show Vera that someone needed him too and, thereby, to provoke her jealousy. Gregory got what he wanted: Mary fell in love with him, but at first she hid her feelings.

Meanwhile, Vera began to worry about this novel. On a secret date, she asked Pechorin never to marry Mary and promised him a night meeting in return.

Pechorin began to get bored in the company of both Mary and Vera.

Vera confessed to her husband her feelings for Pechorin. He took her out of town. Pechorin, having learned about Vera’s imminent departure, mounted his horse and tried to catch up with his beloved, realizing that he had no one more dear to her in the world. He drove a horse that died before his eyes.

A. S. Pushkin novel “Eugene Onegin”

People tend to do rash things. Eugene Onegin rejected Tatyana, who was in love with him, which he regretted, but it was too late. Mistakes are thoughtless actions.

Evgeniy lived an idle life, walking along the boulevard during the day and visiting luxurious salons in the evening, where famous people of St. Petersburg invited him. The author emphasizes that Onegin, “fearing jealous condemnation,” was very careful about his appearance, so he could spend three hours in front of the mirror, bringing his image to perfection. Evgeniy returned from the balls in the morning, when the rest of the residents of St. Petersburg were rushing to work. By noon the young man woke up and again

“Until the morning his life is ready,
Monotonous and colorful."

However, is Onegin happy?

“No: his feelings cooled down early;
He was tired of the noise of the world.”

Evgeniy withdraws from society, locks himself at home and tries to write on his own, but the young man does not succeed, since “he was sick of persistent work.” After this, the hero begins to read a lot, but realizes that literature will not save him: “like women, he left books.” Evgeny, from a sociable, secular person, becomes a reserved young man, prone to “caustic argument” and “joking with bile in half.”

Evgeniy lived in a picturesque village, his house was located by the river, surrounded by a garden. Wanting to somehow entertain himself, Onegin decided to introduce new orders in his domains: he replaced corvee with “light rent.” Because of this, the neighbors began to treat the hero with caution, believing “that he is a most dangerous eccentric.” At the same time, Evgeny himself avoided his neighbors, avoiding getting to know them in every possible way.

At the same time, the young landowner Vladimir Lensky returned from Germany to one of the nearest villages. Vladimir was a romantic person. However, among the villagers, Lensky’s special attention was attracted by the figure of Onegin, and Vladimir and Evgeniy gradually became friends.

Tatiana:

“Wild, sad, silent,
Like a forest deer, fearful.”

Onegin asks if he can see Lensky's beloved and his friend invites him to go to the Larins.

Returning from the Larins, Onegin tells Vladimir that he was pleased to meet them, but his attention was more attracted not by Olga, who “has no life in her features,” but by her sister Tatyana, “who is sad and silent, like Svetlana.” Onegin's appearance at the Larins' house caused gossip that perhaps Tatiana and Evgeniy were already engaged. Tatyana realizes that she has fallen in love with Onegin. The girl begins to see Evgeniy in the heroes of the novels, to dream about the young man, walking in the “silence of the forests” with books about love.

Evgeny, who even in his youth was disappointed with relationships with women, was touched by Tatyana’s letter, and that is why he did not want to deceive the gullible, innocent girl.

Having met Tatyana in the garden, Evgeniy spoke first. The young man said that he was very touched by her sincerity, so he wants to “repay” the girl with his “confession.” Onegin tells Tatyana that if a “pleasant lot had commanded” him to become a father and husband, he would not have looked for another bride, choosing Tatyana as his “girlfriend of days.”<…>sad." However, Eugene “was not created for bliss.” Onegin says that he loves Tatyana like a brother and at the end of his “confession” turns into a sermon to the girl:

“Learn to control yourself;
Not everyone will understand you like I do;
Inexperience leads to disaster."

After the duel with Lensky, Onegin leaves

The narrator again meets the now 26-year-old Onegin at one of the social events.

At the evening, a lady appears with a general, who attracts everyone's attention from the public. This woman looked “quiet” and “simple.” Evgeny recognizes Tatyana as a socialite. Asking a friend of the prince who this woman is, Onegin learns that she is the wife of this prince and indeed Tatyana Larina. When the prince brings Onegin to the woman, Tatiana does not show her excitement at all, while Eugene is speechless. Onegin cannot believe that this is the same girl who once wrote him a letter.

In the morning, Evgeniy receives an invitation from Prince N., Tatiana’s wife. Onegin, alarmed by memories, eagerly goes to visit, but the “stately”, “careless Lawgiver of the hall” does not seem to notice him. Unable to bear it, Evgeniy writes a letter to the woman in which he confesses his love to her.

One spring day, Onegin goes to Tatyana without an invitation. Eugene finds a woman crying bitterly over his letter. The man falls at her feet. Tatyana asks him to stand up and reminds Evgenia how in the garden, in the alley she humbly listened to his lesson, now it’s her turn. She tells Onegin that she was in love with him then, but found only severity in his heart, although she does not blame him, considering the man’s act noble. The woman understands that now she is in many ways interesting to Eugene precisely because she has become a prominent socialite. In parting, Tatyana says:

“I love you (why lie?),
But I was given to another;
I will be faithful to him forever"

And he leaves. Evgeny is “as if struck by thunder” by Tatiana’s words.

“But a sudden ringing sound rang out,
And Tatyana’s husband showed up,
And here is my hero,
In a moment that is evil for him,
Reader, we will now leave,
For a long time... forever...”

I. S. Turgenev novel “Fathers and Sons”

Evgeny Bazarov - the path from nihilism to acceptance of the diversity of the world.

Nihilist, a person who does not take principles for granted.u.

Hearing Nikolai Kirsanov play the cello, Bazarov laughs, which causes Arkady's disapproval. Denies art.

An unpleasant conversation took place during evening tea. By calling one landowner a “rubbish aristocrat,” Bazarov displeased the elder Kirsanov, who began to argue that by following principles, a person benefits society. Eugene responded by accusing him of living meaninglessly, like other aristocrats. Pavel Petrovich objected that the nihilists, with their denial, are only aggravating the situation in Russia.

Friends come to visit Odintsova. The meeting made an impression on Bazarov and he, unexpectedly, became embarrassed.

Bazarov behaved differently than always, which greatly surprised his friend. He talked a lot, talked about medicine and botany. Anna Sergeevna willingly supported the conversation, as she understood the sciences. She treated Arkady like a younger brother. At the end of the conversation, she invited the young people to her estate.

While living on the estate, Bazarov began to change. He fell in love, despite the fact that he considered this feeling a romantic billbird. He could not turn away from her and imagined her in his arms. The feeling was mutual, but they did not want to open up to each other.

Bazarov meets his father’s manager, who says that his parents are waiting for him, they are worried. Evgeniy announces his departure. In the evening, a conversation takes place between Bazar and Anna Sergeevna, where they try to understand what each of them dreams of getting from life.

Bazarov confesses his love to Odintsova. In response, he hears: “You didn’t understand me,” and feels extremely awkward. Anna Sergeevna believes that without Evgeny she will be calmer and does not accept his confession. Bazarov decides to leave

They were received well in the house of the elder Bazarovs. The parents were very happy, but knowing that their son did not approve of such a manifestation of feelings, they tried to remain more restrained. During lunch, the father talked about how he runs the household, and the mother just looked at her son.

Bazarov spent very little time at his parents’ house, as he was bored. He believed that with their attention they were interfering with his work. There was an argument between friends that almost escalated into a quarrel. Arkady tried to prove that it was impossible to live like this, Bazarov did not agree with his opinion.

Parents, having learned about Evgeniy’s decision to leave, were very upset, but tried not to show their feelings, especially his father. He reassured his son that if he had to leave, then he had to do it. After leaving, the parents were left alone and were very worried that their son had abandoned them.

On the way, Arkady decided to take a detour to Nikolskoye. Friends were greeted very coldly. Anna Sergeevna did not come down for a long time, and when she appeared, she had a dissatisfied expression on her face and from her speech it was clear that they were not welcome.

Having met with Odintsova, Bazarov admits his mistakes. They tell each other that they want to remain just friends.

Arkady confesses his love to Katya, asks for her hand in marriage and she agrees to become his wife. Bazarov says goodbye to his friend, angrily accusing him of being unsuitable for decisive matters. Evgeniy goes to his parents' estate.

Living in his parents' house, Bazarov does not know what to do. Then he begins to help his father, treating the sick. While opening up a peasant who died of typhus, he accidentally injures himself and becomes infected with typhus. A fever begins, he asks to send for Odintsova. Anna Sergeevna arrives and sees a completely different person. Before his death, Evgeniy tells her about his real feelings, and then dies.

Eugene rejected the love of his parents, rejected his friend, denied feelings. And only on the verge of death was he able to understand that he had chosen the wrong behavior in his life. We cannot deny what we cannot explain. Life is multifaceted.

I. A. Bunin story “Mr. from San Francisco”

Is it possible to gain experience without making mistakes? In childhood and adolescence, our parents protect us and advise us on problematic issues. This largely protects us from mistakes, helps us form character, and gain only useful experience in this life, although not everything always works out well. But we understand the real essence of life when we take the wing on our own. A more meaningful view of what is happening and a sense of responsibility make big changes in our lives. An adult makes decisions independently, is responsible for himself, understands from his own experience what life is, and looks for his own path through trial and error. You can understand the true essence of the problem only by experiencing it yourself, but it is unknown what trials and difficulties this will bring, and how a person will be able to cope with it.

In Ivan Alekseevich Bunin’s story “The Gentleman from San Francisco,” the main character does not have a name. We understand that the author puts deep meaning into his work. The hero image refers to people who make the mistake of postponing their lives for later. A gentleman from San Francisco devoted his whole life to work, he wanted to save enough money, become rich, and then start living. All the experience that the main character gained was related to his work. He paid no attention to his family, friends, or himself. I could tell he wasn't paying attention to life, he wasn't enjoying it. Going on a trip with his family, the gentleman from San Francisco thought that his time was just beginning, but as it turned out, that’s where it ended. His main mistake was that he put his life on hold, devoting himself only to work, and over the years he acquired nothing but wealth. The main character did not put his soul into his own child, did not give love and did not receive it himself. All he achieved was financial success, but during his lifetime he never learned the most important thing.

The experience of the main character would become invaluable if others learned from his mistakes, but, unfortunately, this does not happen. Many people continue to put off their lives for later, which may not come. And the price for such an experience will be a one and only life.

A. I. Kuprin story “Garnet Bracelet”

On her name day, September 17, Vera Nikolaevna was expecting guests. My husband left on business in the morning and had to bring guests for dinner.

Vera Nikolaevna, whose love for her husband had long been reborn into “a feeling of lasting, faithful, true friendship,” supported him as best she could, saved, and denied herself much.

After dinner, everyone except Vera sat down to play poker. She was about to go out onto the terrace when the maid called her. On the table in the office where both women entered, the servant laid out a small package tied with a ribbon and explained that a messenger had brought it with a request to hand it over personally to Vera Nikolaevna.

Vera found a gold bracelet and a note in the package. First she began to look at the decoration. At the center of the low-grade gold bracelet were several magnificent garnets, each about the size of a pea. Examining the stones, the birthday girl turned the bracelet, and the stones flashed like “lovely deep red living lights.” With alarm, Vera realized that these lights looked like blood.

He congratulated Vera on Angel Day and asked her not to hold a grudge against him for the fact that several years ago he dared to write letters to her and expect an answer. He asked to accept a bracelet as a gift, the stones of which belonged to his great-grandmother. From her silver bracelet, he exactly repeated the arrangement, transferred the stones to the gold one and drew Vera’s attention to the fact that no one had ever worn the bracelet. He wrote: “however, I believe that in the whole world there is not a treasure worthy to adorn you” and admitted that all that now remains in him is “only reverence, eternal admiration and slavish devotion”, an every-minute desire for happiness to Faith and joy if she's happy.

Vera was wondering whether she should show the gift to her husband.

On the way to the carriage waiting for the general, Anosov talked with Vera and Anna about how he had never met true love in his life. According to him, “love must be a tragedy. The greatest secret in the world."

The general asked Vera what was true in the story told by her husband. And she gladly shared with him: “some madman” pursued her with his love and sent letters even before marriage. The princess also told about the parcel with the letter. In thought, the general noted that it was quite possible that Vera’s life was crossed by the “single, all-forgiving, ready for anything, modest and selfless” love that any woman dreams of.

Shein and Mirza-Bulat-Tuganovsky, Vera’s husband and brother, paid a visit to her admirer. He turned out to be the official Zheltkov, a man of about thirty to thirty-five.Nikolai immediately explained to him the reason for coming - with his gift he had crossed the line of patience of Vera’s loved ones. Zheltkov immediately agreed that he was to blame for the persecution of the princess. Zheltkov asked permission to write his last letter to Vera and promised that visitors would not hear or see him again. At Vera Nikolaevna’s request, he stops “this story” “as soon as possible.”

In the evening, the prince conveyed to his wife the details of his visit to Zheltkov. She was not surprised by what she heard, but was slightly worried: the princess felt that “this man would kill himself.”

The next morning, Vera learned from the newspapers that due to the waste of public money, the official Zheltkov committed suicide. All day Sheina thought about the “unknown man” whom she never got to see, not understanding why she foresaw the tragic outcome of his life. She also remembered Anosov’s words about true love, perhaps meeting her on the way.

The postman brought Zheltkov’s farewell letter. He admitted that he regards his love for Vera as a great happiness, that his whole life lies only in the princess. He asked to forgive him for having “cut into Vera’s life like an uncomfortable wedge,” thanked her simply for the fact that she lived in the world, and said goodbye forever. “I tested myself - this is not a disease, not a manic idea - this is love with which God wanted to reward me for something. As I leave, I say in delight: “Hallowed be Thy name,” he wrote.

After reading the message, Vera told her husband that she would like to go and see the man who loved her. The prince supported this decision.

Vera found an apartment that Zheltkov was renting. The landlady came out to meet her and they started talking. At the request of the princess, the woman told about Zheltkov’s last days, then Vera went into the room where he was lying. The expression on the deceased’s face was so peaceful, as if this man “before parting with life had learned some deep and sweet secret that resolved his entire human life.”

At parting, the owner of the apartment told Vera that if a woman suddenly dies and a woman comes to him to say goodbye, Zheltkov asked her to tell her that Beethoven’s best work - he wrote down its title - “L. van Beethoven. Son. No. 2, op. 2. Largo Appassionato.”

Vera began to cry, explaining her tears with the painful “impression of death.”

Vera made the main mistake in her life, she missed out on sincere and strong love, which is very rare.

Reflection on the topic “Experience and mistakes” is always relevant - at any age, in any state with any mental orientation. However, any such reflection will certainly be carried out at its own level.

For example, for a small child, at his level, understanding of legal or illegal things occurs. If we consider a typical example situation, we can draw certain conclusions. For example, a mother sends her four-year-old son to the garden to pick carrots; the son returns but brings beets. She begins to say something reproachfully to him, the boy feels discomfort that “he didn’t bring what was asked for,” withdraws into himself and with some sixth sense understands that he made a mistake, but he did not make it out of his own prank or harmfulness .

Regardless of how old a person is, he will treat his mistakes equally - whether he is four years old or forty years old, that is, with the same degree of responsibility. He will equally worry about his mistakes, and the more he makes mistakes, the faster the necessary experience in one or another area of ​​his activity will come to him.

It may well happen that a person repeatedly makes the same mistakes in his life, as if he steps on the same rake, which, by the way, hits him on the head very painfully. This gives rise to a feeling of dissatisfaction with what you are doing, as well as a complaint: “Why did this happen to me again? Why couldn’t I do it differently, since I’ve already done it a thousand times? And so on." There are many reasons for this, one of which is a special character trait when a person is in a hurry to live and does everything quickly due to some circumstances. In other words, he wants what is best, but everything turns out the other way around. This is how V. Shukshin’s hero Chudik behaved (“Why am I like this?”)

Experience, no matter how bitter and sad it may be, brings new rounds to the development of personality. Yes, there remains in the depths of your soul a residue from the fact that you did something wrong or irrationally, but the next time a similar situation happens, you can already be on the safe side and prevent a similar mistake.

Therefore, I would like to advise: do not be afraid of your own mistakes, it is better to smile and move on with your life... until another mistake.

Short essay Experience and mistakes

A person’s age does not affect his formation to such categories as experience and mistakes. No one is safe from them. However, the degree of responsibility is different for everyone. In other words, some people take it very seriously, others don’t.

It happens that people repeatedly make the same mistakes; popularly this is called “stepping on the rake again.” This leads to not just a feeling of dissatisfaction with one’s activities, but also an endless lamentation: “Why is this happening to me again? And so on." There are many reasons for this, one of which is a special character trait when a person is in a hurry to live. In other words, he wants what is best, but everything turns out the other way around. Hence the disappointment and resentment towards fate.

Therefore, I would like to advise: do not be afraid of your mistakes, but also try to think before you do something.

Final essay No. 3 Experience and mistakes for grade 11

Mistakes are a part of our life. A person learns from his own or others' mistakes. It is impossible to say that making mistakes is bad, because only the person who does nothing makes no mistakes. Our experience consists of practically many mistakes in life. But you must admit that some of our mistakes brought great pleasure, but, nevertheless, in our minds we understand that something in this world cannot be done, but something can be done. Sometimes, the biggest mistake in life leads to unusual consequences; a person can suddenly realize that this mistake is terribly small, and he was in vain killing himself because of it.

Since childhood, our parents teach us what we can do and what we cannot do, and we absorb these words like a sponge without understanding why exactly we cannot cross the line of prohibition. Having matured, you can understand the words of your mother and father, and perhaps even refute their fears. Sometimes, having crossed the taboo line, you stop being afraid of what many people fear; perhaps this was the first step on the path to happiness. Already such a transition gives a person experience; great horizons are open for him. The accumulation of experience does not depend at all on age; even an adult can be stupid and inexperienced, but a child many times younger than him can have a wealth of experience. There is experience in everything, in all human spheres of activity.

Every minute a person gains experience or improves it. The more active a person is in life, the more experience he has. It is useful to be inquisitive, because you discover for yourself those sources that are inaccessible to others and understand why a certain action follows one path of development. Experience and mistakes are closely related to each other; without one, there is no second.

By getting burned, people also gain experience. So you shouldn’t be afraid to stumble, it’s better to be afraid not to understand why you stumbled, so as not to step on the same rake again.

Essays No. 4 Experience and mistakes.

I often make mistakes in my life. But these are minor errors, since no one suffers from them. But thanks to these mistakes, I can draw the right conclusions for myself and gain experience. I began to notice that my experience accumulates precisely because I make mistakes. And the mistakes themselves arise because I don’t want to listen to my parents. I understand that mom and dad are right, but curiosity sometimes takes over.

I know that all people on earth make mistakes, and there is nothing wrong with that. A person always needs experience, even if it is sad. But it’s better, of course, to gain experience by learning, rather than by slipping.

Pieter Bruegel the Younger began his work in his early years. As a child, he often copied his father's finished works. Later, having developed his skills, he developed his own unique creative style

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

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Final essay. Thematic area: Experience and mistakes. Prepared by: Shevchuk A.P., teacher of Russian language and literature, MBOU “Secondary School No. 1”, Bratsk

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List of recommended literature: Jack London “Martin Eden”, A.P. Chekhov “Ionych”, M.A. Sholokhov “Quiet Don”, Henry Marsh “Do No Harm” M.Yu. Lermontov “Hero of Our Time” “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign.” A. Pushkin “The Captain’s Daughter”; “Eugene Onegin”. M. Lermontov “Masquerade”; “Hero of Our Time” I. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons”; "Spring Waters"; "Noble Nest". F. Dostoevsky “Crime and Punishment.” L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"; "Anna Karenina"; "Resurrection". A. Chekhov “Gooseberry”; "About love". I. Bunin “Mr. from San Francisco”; "Dark alleys". A. Kupin “Olesya”; "Garnet bracelet". M. Bulgakov “Heart of a Dog”; "Fatal Eggs" O. Wilde “The Picture of Dorian Gray”. D.Keys "Flowers for Algernon." V. Kaverin “Two Captains”; "Painting"; “I’m going to the mountain.” A. Aleksin “Mad Evdokia”. B. Ekimov “Speak, mother, speak.” L. Ulitskaya “The Case of Kukotsky”; “Sincerely yours, Shurik.”

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Official comment: Within the framework of the direction, discussions are possible about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, a people, humanity as a whole, about the cost of mistakes on the path to understanding the world, gaining life experience. Literature often makes you think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

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Methodological recommendations: “Experience and errors” is a direction in which a clear opposition of two polar concepts is less implied, because without errors there is and cannot be experience. A literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, and takes the path of spiritual and moral development. By assessing the actions of the characters, the reader gains invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make one’s own mistakes, the price of which can be very high. Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that a wrong decision or an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also have the most fatal impact on the destinies of others. In literature we also encounter tragic mistakes that affect the destinies of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic area.

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Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:  You should not be timid for fear of making mistakes; the biggest mistake is to deprive yourself of experience. Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues  You can make mistakes in different ways, but you can do the right thing only in one way, which is why the first is easy, and the second is difficult; easy to miss, difficult to hit the target. Aristotle  In all matters we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and being corrected. Karl Raimund Popper  He is deeply mistaken who thinks that he will not make a mistake if others think for him. Aurelius Markov  We easily forget our mistakes when they are known only to us. François de La Rochefoucauld  Learn from every mistake. Ludwig Wittgenstein  Shyness may be appropriate everywhere, but not in admitting one’s mistakes. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing  It is easier to find an error than the truth. Johann Wolfgang Goethe

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As support in your reasoning, you can refer to the following works. F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Raskolnikov, killing Alena Ivanovna and confessing to what he had done, does not fully realize the tragedy of the crime he committed, does not recognize the fallacy of his theory, he only regrets that he could not commit the crime, that he will not now be able to classify himself among the chosen ones. And only in hard labor does the soul-weary hero not only repent (he repented by confessing to the murder), but embark on the difficult path of repentance. The writer emphasizes that a person who admits his mistakes is able to change, he is worthy of forgiveness and needs help and compassion. (In the novel, next to the hero is Sonya Marmeladova, who is an example of a compassionate person).

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M.A. Sholokhov “The Fate of Man”, K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram". The heroes of so many different works make a similar fatal mistake, which I will regret all my life, but, unfortunately, they will not be able to correct anything. Andrei Sokolov, leaving for the front, pushes away his wife hugging him, the hero is irritated by her tears, he gets angry, believing that she is “burying him alive,” but it turns out the other way around: he returns, and the family dies. This loss is a terrible grief for him, and now he blames himself for every little thing and says with inexpressible pain: “Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I will not forgive myself for pushing her away then!”

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Story by K.G. Paustovsky is a story about lonely old age. Grandmother Katerina, abandoned by her own daughter, writes: “My beloved, I will not survive this winter. Come at least for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands.” But Nastya calms herself with the words: “Since her mother writes, it means she’s alive.” Thinking about strangers, organizing an exhibition of a young sculptor, the daughter forgets about her only relative. And only after hearing warm words of gratitude “for caring for a person”, the heroine remembers that she has a telegram in her purse: “Katya is dying. Tikhon." Repentance comes too late: “Mom! How could this happen? After all, I have no one in my life. It is not and will not be dearer. If only I could make it in time, if only she could see me, if only she would forgive me.” The daughter arrives, but there is no one to ask for forgiveness. The bitter experience of the main characters teaches the reader to be attentive to loved ones “before it’s too late.”

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M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time". The hero of the novel, M.Yu., also makes a series of mistakes in his life. Lermontov. Grigory Aleksandrovich Pechorin belongs to the young people of his era who were disillusioned with life. Pechorin himself says about himself: “Two people live in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him.” Lermontov's character is an energetic, intelligent person, but he cannot find use for his mind, his knowledge. Pechorin is a cruel and indifferent egoist, because he causes misfortune to everyone with whom he communicates, and he does not care about the condition of other people. V.G. Belinsky called him a “suffering egoist” because Grigory Aleksandrovich blames himself for his actions, he is aware of his actions, worries and does not bring him satisfaction.

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Grigory Alexandrovich is a very smart and reasonable person, he knows how to admit his mistakes, but at the same time wants to teach others to admit theirs, as, for example, he kept trying to push Grushnitsky to admit his guilt and wanted to resolve their dispute peacefully. But then the other side of Pechorin also appears: after some attempts to defuse the situation in the duel and call Grushnitsky to conscience, he himself proposes to shoot in a dangerous place so that one of them will die. At the same time, the hero tries to turn everything into a joke, despite the fact that there is a threat to both the life of young Grushnitsky and his own life.

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After the murder of Grushnitsky, we see how Pechorin’s mood changed: if on the way to the duel he notices how beautiful the day is, then after the tragic event he sees the day in black colors, there is stone on his soul. The story of Pechorin's disappointed and dying soul is set out in the hero's diary entries with all the mercilessness of introspection; being both the author and the hero of the “magazine,” Pechorin fearlessly speaks about his ideal impulses, and about the dark sides of his soul, and about the contradictions of consciousness. The hero is aware of his mistakes, but does nothing to correct them; his own experience does not teach him anything. Despite the fact that Pechorin has an absolute understanding that he destroys human lives (“destroys the lives of peaceful smugglers,” Bela dies through his fault, etc.), the hero continues to “play” with the destinies of others, which makes himself unhappy .

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L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". If Lermontov's hero, realizing his mistakes, could not take the path of spiritual and moral improvement, then Tolstoy's favorite heroes, the acquired experience helps them become better. When considering the topic in this aspect, one can turn to the analysis of the images of A. Bolkonsky and P. Bezukhov. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky stands out sharply from the high society environment with his education, breadth of interests, dreams of accomplishing a feat, and desires great personal glory. His idol is Napoleon. To achieve his goal, Bolkonsky appears in the most dangerous places of the battle. Harsh military events contributed to the fact that the prince was disappointed in his dreams and realized how bitterly he was mistaken. Seriously wounded, remaining on the battlefield, Bolkonsky experiences a mental crisis. At these moments, a new world opens up before him, where there are no selfish thoughts or lies, but only the purest, highest, and fair.

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The prince realized that there is something more significant in life than war and glory. Now the former idol seems small and insignificant to him. Having experienced further events - the birth of a child and the death of his wife - Bolkonsky comes to the conclusion that he can only live for himself and his loved ones. This is only the first stage in the evolution of a hero who not only admits his mistakes, but also strives to become better. Pierre also makes a considerable series of mistakes. He leads a riotous life in the company of Dolokhov and Kuragin, but understands that such a life is not for him. He cannot immediately correctly evaluate people and therefore often makes mistakes in them. He is sincere, trusting, weak-willed.

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These character traits are clearly manifested in his relationship with the depraved Helen Kuragina - Pierre makes another mistake. Soon after marriage, the hero realizes that he was deceived and “processes his grief alone.” After breaking up with his wife, being in a state of deep crisis, he joins the Masonic lodge. Pierre believes that it is here that he will “find rebirth to a new life,” and again realizes that he is again mistaken in something important. The experience gained and the “thunderstorm of 1812” lead the hero to drastic changes in his worldview. He understands that one must live for the sake of people, one must strive to benefit the Motherland.

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M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don". Speaking about how the experience of military battles changes people and forces them to evaluate their mistakes in life, we can turn to the image of Grigory Melekhov. Fighting either on the side of the whites or on the side of the reds, he understands the monstrous injustice around him, and he himself makes mistakes, gains military experience and draws the most important conclusions in his life: “...my hands need to plow.” Home, family – that’s the value. And any ideology that pushes people to kill is a mistake. A person already wise with life experience understands that the main thing in life is not the war, but the son who greets him at the doorstep. It is worth noting that the hero admits that he was wrong. This is precisely the reason for his repeated darting from white to red.

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M.A. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog". If we talk about experience as “a procedure for reproducing a phenomenon experimentally, creating something new under certain conditions for the purpose of research,” then the practical experience of Professor Preobrazhensky to “clarify the question of the survival of the pituitary gland, and subsequently its influence on rejuvenation organism in humans” can hardly be called completely successful. From a scientific point of view, it is very successful. Professor Preobrazhensky performs a unique operation. The scientific result was unexpected and impressive, but in everyday life it led to the most disastrous consequences.

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The guy who appeared in the professor’s house as a result of the operation, “short in stature and unattractive in appearance,” behaves defiantly, arrogantly and insolently. However, it should be noted that the emerging humanoid creature easily finds itself in a changed world, but does not differ in human qualities and soon becomes a thunderstorm not only for the inhabitants of the apartment, but also for the residents of the entire house. Having analyzed his mistake, the professor realizes that the dog was much more “humane” than P.P. Sharikov.

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Thus, we are convinced that the humanoid hybrid Sharikov is more a failure than a victory for Professor Preobrazhensky. He himself understands this: “Old donkey... This, doctor, is what happens when a researcher, instead of going parallel and groping with nature, forces the question and lifts the veil: here, get Sharikov and eat him with porridge.” Philip Philipovich comes to the conclusion that violent intervention in the nature of man and society leads to catastrophic results. In the story “Heart of a Dog,” the professor corrects his mistake - Sharikov again turns into a dog. He is happy with his fate and with himself. But in real life, such experiments have a tragic effect on people’s destinies, warns Bulgakov. Actions must be thoughtful and not destructive. The main idea of ​​the writer is that naked progress, devoid of morality, brings death to people and such a mistake will be irreversible.

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V.G. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera". When discussing mistakes that are irreparable and bring suffering not only to each individual person, but also to the people as a whole, one can turn to the indicated story by a twentieth-century writer. This is not just a work about the loss of one’s home, but also about how wrong decisions lead to disasters that will certainly affect the life of society as a whole. The plot of the story is based on a true story. During the construction of the hydroelectric power station on the Angara, the surrounding villages were flooded. Relocation has become a painful experience for residents of flooded areas. After all, hydroelectric power stations are built for a large number of people.

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This is an important economic project, for the sake of which we need to rebuild, and not hold on to the old. But can this decision be called unambiguously correct? Residents of flooded Matera are moving to a village built inhumanely. The mismanagement with which huge amounts of money are spent hurts the soul of the writer. Fertile lands will be flooded, and in the village built on the northern slope of the hill, on stones and clay, nothing will grow. Gross interference in nature will certainly lead to environmental problems. But for the writer it is not so much they that are important as the spiritual life of people. For Rasputin it is absolutely clear that the collapse, the disintegration of a nation, people, country begins with the disintegration of the family.

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And the reason for this is the tragic mistake that progress is much more important than the souls of old people saying goodbye to their home. And there is no repentance in the hearts of young people. The older generation, wise from life experience, does not want to leave their native island, not because they cannot appreciate all the benefits of civilization, but primarily because for these amenities they demand to give Matera, that is, to betray their past. And the suffering of the elderly is an experience that each of us must learn. A person cannot, should not, abandon his roots. In discussions on this topic, one can turn to history and the disasters that human “economic” activity entailed. Rasputin's story is not just a story about great construction projects, it is the tragic experience of previous generations as an edification to us, people of the 21st century.

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Composition. “Experience is the teacher of everything” (Gaius Julius Caesar) As a person grows up, he learns from books, school classes, conversations and relationships with other people. In addition, the environment, traditions of the family and the people as a whole have an important influence. While studying, a child receives a lot of theoretical knowledge, but the ability to apply it in practice is necessary in order to acquire skills and gain personal experience. In other words, you can read the encyclopedia of life and know the answer to any question, but in reality, only personal experience, that is, practice, will help you learn to live, and without this unique experience a person will not be able to live a bright, full, rich life. The authors of many works of fiction depict characters in dynamics to show how each person develops his personality and goes through his own path.

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Let us turn to Anatoly Rybakov’s novels “Children of the Arbat”, “Fear”, “The Thirty-Fifth and Other Years”, “Dust and Ashes”. The difficult fate of the main character Sasha Pankratov passes before the reader’s gaze. At the beginning of the story, he is a sympathetic guy, an excellent student, a school graduate and a first-year student. He is confident in his rightness, in his future, in the party, his friends, he is an open person, ready to help those in need. It is because of his sense of justice that he suffers. Sasha is sent into exile, and suddenly he finds himself an enemy of the people, completely alone, far from home, convicted under a political article. Throughout the trilogy, the reader observes the development of Sasha’s personality. All his friends turn away from him, except for the girl Varya, who selflessly waits for him, helping his mother overcome the tragedy.

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Victor Hugo's novel Les Misérables tells the story of the girl Cosette. Her mother was forced to give her baby to the family of the innkeeper Thenardier. They treated someone else's child very badly there. Cosette saw how the owners pampered and loved their own daughters, who were smartly dressed, played and were mischievous all day long. Like any child, Cosette also wanted to play, but she was forced to clean the tavern, go to the forest to get water from the spring, and sweep the street. She was dressed in miserable rags, and slept in a closet under the stairs. Bitter experience taught her not to cry, not to complain, but to silently carry out the orders of Aunt Thenardier. When, by the will of fate, Jean Valjean snatched the girl from the clutches of Thenardier, she did not know how to play, did not know what to do with herself. The poor child learned to laugh again, play with dolls again, spending his days carefree. However, in the future, it was this bitter experience that helped Cosette become modest, with a pure heart and an open soul.

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Thus, our reasoning allows us to formulate the following conclusion. It is personal experience that teaches a person about life. Whatever this experience may be, bitter or blissful, it is our own, experienced, and the lessons of life teach us, forming character and nurturing personality.

Official comment:
Within the framework of the direction, discussions are possible about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, a people, humanity as a whole, about the cost of mistakes on the path to understanding the world, gaining life experience. Literature often makes you think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

Guidelines:
“Experience and errors” is a direction in which a clear opposition of two polar concepts is less implied, because without errors there is and cannot be experience. A literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, and takes the path of spiritual and moral development. By assessing the actions of the characters, the reader gains invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make one’s own mistakes, the price of which can be very high. Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that a wrong decision or an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also have the most fatal impact on the destinies of others. In literature we also encounter tragic mistakes that affect the destinies of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic area.

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:
You should not be timid for fear of making mistakes; the biggest mistake is to deprive yourself of experience.
Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues
You can make mistakes in different ways, but you can act correctly only in one way, which is why the first is easy, and the second is difficult; easy to miss, difficult to hit the target.
Aristotle

Karl Raymund Popper
He who thinks that he will not make mistakes if others think for him is deeply mistaken.
Aurelius Markov
We easily forget our mistakes when they are known only to us.
Francois de La Rochefoucauld
Learn from every mistake.
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Shyness may be appropriate everywhere, but not in admitting one’s mistakes.
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
It is easier to find error than truth.
Johann Wolfgang Goethe
In all matters, we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and correcting ourselves.
Karl Raymund Popper

As support in your reasoning, you can refer to the following works.
F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Raskolnikov, killing Alena Ivanovna and confessing to what he had done, does not fully realize the tragedy of the crime he committed, does not recognize the fallacy of his theory, he only regrets that he could not commit the crime, that he will not now be able to classify himself among the chosen ones. And only in hard labor does the soul-weary hero not only repent (he repented by confessing to the murder), but embark on the difficult path of repentance. The writer emphasizes that a person who admits his mistakes is able to change, he is worthy of forgiveness and needs help and compassion. (In the novel, next to the hero is Sonya Marmeladova, who is an example of a compassionate person).
M.A. Sholokhov “The Fate of Man”, K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram". The heroes of so many different works make a similar fatal mistake, which I will regret all my life, but, unfortunately, they will not be able to correct anything. Andrei Sokolov, leaving for the front, pushes away his wife hugging him, the hero is irritated by her tears, he gets angry, believing that she is “burying him alive,” but it turns out the other way around: he returns, and the family dies. This loss is a terrible grief for him, and now he blames himself for every little thing and says with inexpressible pain: “Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I will not forgive myself for pushing her away then!” Story by K.G. Paustovsky is a story about lonely old age. Grandmother Katerina, abandoned by her own daughter, writes: “My beloved, I will not survive this winter. Come at least for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands.” But Nastya calms herself with the words: “Since her mother writes, it means she’s alive.” Thinking about strangers, organizing an exhibition of a young sculptor, the daughter forgets about her only relative. And only after hearing warm words of gratitude “for caring for a person”, the heroine remembers that she has a telegram in her purse: “Katya is dying. Tikhon." Repentance comes too late: “Mom! How could this happen? After all, I have no one in my life. It is not and will not be dearer. If only I could make it in time, if only she could see me, if only she would forgive me.” The daughter arrives, but there is no one to ask for forgiveness. The bitter experience of the main characters teaches the reader to be attentive to loved ones “before it’s too late.”
M.Yu. Lermontov "Hero of Our Time". The hero of the novel, M.Yu., also makes a series of mistakes in his life. Lermontov. Grigory Aleksandrovich Pechorin belongs to the young people of his era who were disillusioned with life.
Pechorin himself says about himself: “Two people live in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him.” Lermontov's character is an energetic, intelligent person, but he cannot find use for his mind, his knowledge. Pechorin is a cruel and indifferent egoist because he causes misfortune to everyone with whom he communicates, and he does not care about the condition of other people. V.G. Belinsky called him a “suffering egoist” because Grigory Aleksandrovich blames himself for his actions, he is aware of his actions, worries and does not bring him satisfaction.
Grigory Alexandrovich is a very smart and reasonable person, he knows how to admit his mistakes, but at the same time wants to teach others to admit theirs, as, for example, he kept trying to push Grushnitsky to admit his guilt and wanted to resolve their dispute peacefully. But then the other side of Pechorin also appears: after some attempts to defuse the situation in the duel and call Grushnitsky to conscience, he himself proposes to shoot in a dangerous place so that one of them will die. At the same time, the hero tries to turn everything into a joke, despite the fact that there is a threat to both the life of young Grushnitsky and his own life. After the murder of Grushnitsky, we see how Pechorin’s mood changed: if on the way to the duel he notices how beautiful the day is, then after the tragic event he sees the day in black colors, there is stone on his soul.
The story of Pechorin's disappointed and dying soul is set out in the hero's diary entries with all the mercilessness of introspection; being both the author and the hero of the “magazine,” Pechorin fearlessly speaks about his ideal impulses, and about the dark sides of his soul, and about the contradictions of consciousness. The hero is aware of his mistakes, but does nothing to correct them; his own experience does not teach him anything. Despite the fact that Pechorin has an absolute understanding that he destroys human lives (“destroys the lives of peaceful smugglers,” Bela dies through his fault, etc.), the hero continues to “play” with the destinies of others, which makes himself unhappy .
L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". If Lermontov's hero, realizing his mistakes, could not take the path of spiritual and moral improvement, then Tolstoy's favorite heroes, the acquired experience helps them become better. When considering the topic in this aspect, one can turn to the analysis of the images of A. Bolkonsky and P. Bezukhov. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky stands out sharply from the high society environment with his education, breadth of interests, dreams of accomplishing a feat, and desires great personal glory. His idol is Napoleon. To achieve his goal, Bolkonsky appears in the most dangerous places of the battle. Harsh military events contributed to the fact that the prince was disappointed in his dreams and realized how bitterly he was mistaken. Seriously wounded, remaining on the battlefield, Bolkonsky experiences a mental crisis. At these moments, a new world opens up before him, where there are no selfish thoughts or lies, but only the purest, highest, and fair. The prince realized that there is something more significant in life than war and glory. Now the former idol seems small and insignificant to him. Having experienced further events - the birth of a child and the death of his wife - Bolkonsky comes to the conclusion that he can only live for himself and his loved ones. This is only the first stage in the evolution of a hero who not only admits his mistakes, but also strives to become better. Pierre also makes a considerable series of mistakes. He leads a riotous life in the company of Dolokhov and Kuragin, but understands that such a life is not for him. He cannot immediately correctly evaluate people and therefore often makes mistakes in them. He is sincere, trusting, weak-willed. These character traits are clearly manifested in his relationship with the depraved Helen Kuragina - Pierre makes another mistake. Soon after marriage, the hero realizes that he was deceived and “processes his grief alone.” After breaking up with his wife, being in a state of deep crisis, he joins the Masonic lodge. Pierre believes that it is here that he will “find rebirth to a new life,” and again realizes that he is again mistaken in something important. The experience gained and the “thunderstorm of 1812” lead the hero to drastic changes in his worldview. He understands that one must live for the sake of people, one must strive to benefit the Motherland.
M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don". Speaking about how the experience of military battles changes people and forces them to evaluate their mistakes in life, we can turn to the image of Grigory Melekhov. Fighting either on the side of the whites or on the side of the reds, he understands the monstrous injustice around him, and he himself makes mistakes, gains military experience and draws the most important conclusions in his life: “...my hands need to plow.” Home, family - this is the value. And any ideology that pushes people to kill is a mistake. A person already wise with life experience understands that the main thing in life is not the war, but the son who greets him at the doorstep. It is worth noting that the hero admits that he was wrong. This is precisely the reason for his repeated darting from white to red.
M.A. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog". If we talk about experience as “a procedure for reproducing a phenomenon experimentally, creating something new under certain conditions for the purpose of research,” then the practical experience of Professor Preobrazhensky to “clarify the question of the survival of the pituitary gland, and subsequently its influence on rejuvenation organism in humans” can hardly be called completely successful.
From a scientific point of view, it is very successful. Professor Preobrazhensky performs a unique operation. The scientific result was unexpected and impressive, but in everyday life it led to the most disastrous consequences. The guy who appeared in the professor’s house as a result of the operation, “short in stature and unattractive in appearance,” behaves defiantly, arrogantly and insolently. However, it should be noted that the emerging humanoid creature easily finds itself in a changed world, but does not differ in human qualities and soon becomes a thunderstorm not only for the inhabitants of the apartment, but also for the residents of the entire house.
Having analyzed his mistake, the professor realizes that the dog was much more “humane” than P.P. Sharikov. Thus, we are convinced that the humanoid hybrid Sharikov is more a failure than a victory for Professor Preobrazhensky. He himself understands this: “Old donkey... This, doctor, is what happens when a researcher, instead of going parallel and groping with nature, forces the question and lifts the veil: here, get Sharikov and eat him with porridge.” Philip Philipovich comes to the conclusion that violent intervention in the nature of man and society leads to catastrophic results.
In the story "Heart of a Dog" the professor corrects his mistake - Sharikov again turns into a dog. He is happy with his fate and with himself. But in real life, such experiments have a tragic effect on people’s destinies, warns Bulgakov. Actions must be thoughtful and not destructive.
The main idea of ​​the writer is that naked progress, devoid of morality, brings death to people and such a mistake will be irreversible.
V.G. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera". When discussing mistakes that are irreparable and bring suffering not only to each individual person, but also to the people as a whole, one can turn to the indicated story by a twentieth-century writer. This is not just a work about the loss of one’s home, but also about how wrong decisions lead to disasters that will certainly affect the life of society as a whole.
The plot of the story is based on a true story. During the construction of the hydroelectric power station on the Angara, the surrounding villages were flooded. Relocation has become a painful experience for residents of flooded areas. After all, hydroelectric power stations are built for a large number of people. This is an important economic project, for the sake of which we need to rebuild, and not hold on to the old. But can this decision be called unambiguously correct? Residents of flooded Matera are moving to a village built inhumanely. The mismanagement with which huge amounts of money are spent hurts the soul of the writer. Fertile lands will be flooded, and in the village built on the northern slope of the hill, on stones and clay, nothing will grow. Gross interference in nature will certainly lead to environmental problems. But for the writer it is not so much they that are important as the spiritual life of people.
For Rasputin it is absolutely clear that the collapse, the disintegration of a nation, people, country begins with the disintegration of the family. And the reason for this is the tragic mistake that progress is much more important than the souls of old people saying goodbye to their home. And there is no repentance in the hearts of young people.
The older generation, wise from life experience, does not want to leave their native island, not because they cannot appreciate all the benefits of civilization, but primarily because for these amenities they demand to give Matera, that is, to betray their past. And the suffering of the elderly is an experience that each of us must learn. A person cannot, should not, abandon his roots.
In discussions on this topic, one can turn to history and the disasters that human “economic” activity entailed.
Rasputin's story is not just a story about great construction projects, it is the tragic experience of previous generations as an edification to us, people of the 21st century.

Can a person live without making mistakes? I'll try to figure it out, what is an error? It seems to me that a mistake is an unintentional deviation of a person from the correct actions and actions. The probability that a person will be able to live his life without making a single mistake is negligible, so it seems to me that a person simply cannot exist without mistakes, because in our world everything is so complicated that a person lives by gaining experience not only from his mistakes, but also from strangers. No wonder they say: “You learn from mistakes.”

Therefore, I think that mistakes are acceptable in a person’s life, the main thing is that the consequences of these mistakes can be eliminated.

Why do we make mistakes so often? It seems to me that it’s still out of ignorance. But having made a mistake once, we must learn from it so as not to make it again. It’s not for nothing that the proverb says: “He who does not repent of his mistakes makes more mistakes.”

Thus, the main character of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter,” Pyotr Grinev, as a young guy, made a mistake. When Petrusha turned sixteen years old, his father decided to send his son to serve in the Belgorod fortress. The path was not short, so the father sent Savelich with him, the man with whom the boy literally grew up. When Savelich left the boy alone, Petrusha’s inexperience played a role. The boy, who had been under strict control all his life, felt free and did not refuse to have a drink with the man he met while wandering around the rooms. After some time, Petrusha already agreed to play billiards, where he lost a hundred rubles. Without knowing the limits, the young man got so drunk that he could barely stand on his feet, offended Savelich, and the next morning he felt bad. By his action, the boy set Savelich up in front of his parents and reproached himself for a long time for this. Petrusha Grinev realized his mistake and did not make it again.

However, there are mistakes. the price of which may be too high. Any thoughtless act, any wrongly spoken word can lead to tragedy.

In Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov’s novel “The Master and Margarita,” the procurator Pontius Pilate made such an irreparable mistake by killing the philosopher Yeshua Ha-Nozri. Yeshua preached to people the evil of power and was arrested for this. The prosecutor is examining the case of Yeshua. After a conversation with the philosopher, Pilate believes that he is innocent, but still sentences him to execution because he hopes that the local authorities will pardon the philosopher in honor of Easter. However, local authorities refuse to pardon Yeshua. Instead, they release another criminal. Pontius Pilate could free the wanderer, but he does not do so, because he is afraid of losing his position, afraid of appearing frivolous. And for his crime the procurator bears the punishment of immortality. Pontius Pilate realized his mistake, but he can no longer change anything.

To summarize, I want to say that a person can still make mistakes, but these mistakes can be different. Some help to gain experience, but there are also those that harm people. Therefore, in order not to make mistakes, you need to think several times before doing anything.