Which fairy tales have something round? Fairytale magic items

Several years ago I wrote the “Encyclopedia of Fairy-Tale Characters,” where I tried to talk in detail about their lives, habits, parents, culinary preferences and education. It turned out that the heroes of fairy tales are not much different from us; They have the same bunch of problems, capricious parents, disobedient children, they always don’t have enough time and money for anything, and family life is so ordinary that it doesn’t even fit into a fairy tale. It all ends with a wedding, there is nothing further to describe - like everyone else.
And yet, something important was missing from that Encyclopedia. Namely, fairy-tale objects: golden keys, flying carpets and other magic lamps. Not a single fairy tale, not a single fairy-tale hero can do without them. Without these things, Ivan the Fool would never have become Ivan Tsarevich, Aladdin would not have married Princess Budur, and Jack would not have defeated all the giants.
Therefore, fairy-tale objects deserve our attention and may someday be useful in life. In the future, if you have one or more fabulous items, you can look into this encyclopedia and find out how to care for them, use them usefully and safely, and store them carefully.

Your-
Boris Goldovsky

The Scarlet Flower.
It grows in a single copy somewhere on a distant island, protected by the Beast. It's better not to tear it - there may be unpleasant consequences.

Drum.
A percussion instrument belonging to a recently discharged soldier. In fairy tales, this soldier, having served the required 25 years, returns home. Since he served all these years, apparently, in a musical company, the Soldier returns with his favorite drum. As soon as some misfortune happens, or if the Soldier is faced with the evil forces of the enemy that are superior to him, he immediately begins to loudly beat the drum. Immediately from afar, hundreds of other soldier drums from his company answer him. The evil spirit is immediately afraid that the entire company will come to the Soldier’s aid (the evil spirit does not like music) and retreats in panic. Thus, the magic drum is one of the most humane types of fairy-tale weapons with a deterrent effect.

Bean.
A leguminous plant used by the heroes of European fairy tales as a stepladder, on which they climb to quite great heights. Sometimes to the moon. It usually does not grow higher than the Moon. It grows quickly, but requires plenty of watering. The stem of the magic bean is thick and durable, nothing is known about the taste of the fruit, but most likely they are edible, otherwise the hero would have died of starvation during the many years of climbing the bean from the Earth to the Moon. In some fairy tales, pea plants are used instead of legumes. But this is a matter of taste.

Magic lamp.
Not intended for lighting and is not afraid of dampness. Such lamps are used in Arabian tales as places for storing genies. Apparently, living inside a lamp is cramped and uncomfortable, which negatively affects their character.
The method of using a magic lamp is simpler than a magic wand (see the corresponding article). If the latter needs to be able to swing correctly and know spells, then the lamp just needs to be lightly rubbed. The sound of rubbing is so unpleasant to the genie inside the lamp that he immediately comes out and is ready to fulfill your every desire.
Recommended for beginner wizards. Storage locations: the cave of Harun al Rashid, the bottom of an abandoned well and others.
WARNING: To avoid damage to home furniture during the appearance of the Genie, use the lamp only in deserted, open spaces: in the field, in the mountains, in the forest, in the desert, in the middle of the ocean.

Magic club.
In terms of method of application and effect, it is very different from a magic wand (see the corresponding article). If you are not a hero or a prince, but, for example, Ivan the peasant son, or, especially Ivan the Fool, you have absolutely no need for a treasure sword. It will be completely replaced by a magic club. Of course, it doesn’t look as impressive as a treasure chest, but it doesn’t look any worse. Does not require knowledge of the technique of using edged weapons. Effective in close combat with evil spirits.

Magic wand.
A must have for any wizard. It is made in different fairy tales in different ways - most often from the branches of a magic tree. Production technology is unknown. Most often it is inherited from a wizard to a wizard or sorceress.
Capable of performing miracles when swung. In this she is similar to a conductor. Only specialists know how to swing. The region of distribution is European fairy tales. However, it is sometimes found in Russian literary works.

Magic pipe.
A magical musical instrument used by some fairy-tale characters for self-defense. To play it does not require special musical education and knowledge of musical notation. As soon as you blow into it, it will begin to play, and these sounds will make your enemies freeze, and fairy-tale princesses will fall in love with you.
It is recommended to keep away from dampness and small children.

Galoshes of happiness.
A type of rubber fairy shoe, worn in wet weather over your boots or felt boots. When worn, they fulfill any of your wishes. In the fairy tale, they do not bring anything good to the owners, so they have no practical significance.
CONTRAINDICATION: Do not wear on walking boots!

Pot
A fabulous kitchen utensil decorated with bells and used for preparing various types of porridge. The process of cooking in a magic pot does not require human intervention.
It is practical because it does not require a stove, cereal, water, salt, or oil, saving the owner from unnecessary expenses. To prevent the owner of the pot from getting bored from idleness, he sings songs while cooking, accompanying himself with the ringing of bells.

Oak.
A fairytale tree, on whose branches a golden chain is hung from time to time for the convenience of the learned Cat. Under the roots of the oak tree, objects useful for heroes and princes are usually stored: treasure swords, chests, eggs with Koshcheev’s death, bottles with living and dead water, etc.

Living water.
A fabulous medicine as well as a tonic that can revive anyone. Indispensable for travelers, wanderers, heroes and others. It is located miles away in a source, from where it is usually delivered by either a raven or a gray wolf. It is a non-carbonated, colorless, transparent liquid. Keeps well in a bottle, flask, jug. Freezing point unknown.

Mirror.
Most often used by fairy-tale heroines in order to “tell the whole truth” about their heroines’ beauty. At times, disappointing. In “on-line” mode, it shows the heroine or hero of a fairy tale events occurring in other fairy-tale kingdoms, states, and kingdoms. Sometimes a golden (sometimes liquid) apple is attached to the mirror as a gadget (see the corresponding article), but in this case a magic plate is more often used.

Golden chain.
As a rule, it hangs on an oak tree, for the convenience of the learned cat to walk left and right. Fulfilling this useful task, the golden chain is also an undoubted decoration for any oak tree.

Golden Key.
Opens a secret door located under the stairs in Papa Carlo's closet behind a painting depicting a burning hearth. Because of this key, a series of dramatic events took place in the life of Buratino and his friends, ending with the opening of a new puppet theater. The further fate of the artists and the theater's repertoire are unknown.

Clew.
A fabulous prototype of a compass and GPRS navigator. Able to lead you to the expected goal and prevent you from getting lost. An indispensable item for any fairy-tale hero, especially if he is not a hero and is poorly oriented in the area. Nothing is known about the color and size of the ball, but, apparently, it should be large, bright and glow in the dark, since it leads over long distances and should be noticeable even in a dark dense forest.

Book.
It looks quite ordinary, shabby, without a title page, indication of the author's name, title and year of publication. One of the coolest fairy-tale items, because on any page, if you are literate, you will read everything you want; Where the treasure sword is kept, under which oak tree the egg (see the corresponding article), where the Serpent Gorynych took Vasilisa the Wise. How to get there and, most importantly, how to get out of there.
A magic book is an extremely rare thing in fairy tales, since fairy tale characters themselves read little.

Carpet plane.
A type of air transport widely used in oriental fairy tales. Convenient for traveling long distances. When flying, safety precautions must be observed, since seat belts are not provided and the carpet surface is not fenced.
Does not require cleaning. Pairs comfortably with a self-assembled tablecloth.

Ring.
A fabulous item that fulfills all the wishes of the owner. With the help of such a ring you can find yourself in the past and in the future, you can build a palace, get married, get married and get rich. To do this, you just need to put this ring on your finger, make a wish and turn it.
Ease of use and practicality make this ring an essential item for every fairy-tale hero. Beware of fakes.

Paints.
The thing is very useful, since everything drawn and depicted by them becomes real. If you're hungry, you draw a sandwich with sausage, and you're already full. I was cold - I drew a fur coat and was already warmed up. The main thing is to be able to draw correctly. Recommended for use only by realist artists.

Dead water.
. Delivered by Raven or Gray Wolf complete with living water (see related article). The mechanism of action is as follows: first, the chopped hero must be watered with dead water so that the wounds grow together and heal, and only then he is usually watered with living water so that the hero comes to life.
Caution: In color, taste and smell, dead water is indistinguishable from living water.
Contraindications: do not water a living hero. Do not use for watering garden plants. Keep out of the reach of children.

Milk river - jelly banks.
It flows somewhere in the countryside. It constantly needs cleaning, which it asks everyone passing by: “Drink my milk, eat jelly...”. The banks of the river are muddy and jelly, so her requests are rarely fulfilled. It is of no importance for fishing and land reclamation, since fish are not found in the milk river. Where it flows and, moreover, where it flows from is unknown.

Broom.
An everyday attribute of Baba Yaga, an integral part of the stupa (fuselage), which serves to control the flight of the aircraft. Unpretentious in appearance. In common parlance it is called “pomelo”. When the stupa is idle, you can sweep the yard or hut on chicken legs with a broom.

The sword is a treasure.
Second generation weapon (first - magic club). “Kladenets” was most likely named for its effectiveness in close combat and high destructive power. It does not require any special skill in use, as it works even in inexperienced hands. Invaluable in battle with Kashchei the Immortal, Serpent Gorynych, dragons and other reptiles.
The owner receives the sword either by inheritance or as a gift. It is often found in various magical treasures, as well as under fuel stones and the roots of an old oak tree.

Bag.
It looks empty, but you just have to hit it several times (some models of magic bags also require saying magic words), and three (sometimes two) appear from the bag. It is unknown what they look like, since not a single eyewitness was able to describe them in detail. The main thing is that they perform their duties perfectly - they beat your offenders.
Some fairy-tale bags do not represent anything magical and serve their intended purpose: naughty children, princes deceived by Baba Yaga, their brides and other cargo are placed in them and carried from place to place.

Flint.
An old name for a regular lighter. Summons three huge dogs that carry out the delicate tasks of their owners.
How to use a magic flint: strike a spark and wait for the dogs to appear. When they appear, do not be afraid, but loudly and clearly order them to fulfill their desire: bring something, or take you somewhere. For safety reasons, dogs need to be fed from time to time.

Feather of the Firebird.
It is used to decorate and illuminate a home (most often a royal one, but sometimes a hut). The thing is beautiful and practical. Saves fuel, electricity, environmentally friendly. Firebird feathers are not produced in mass quantities, as the firebird population is on the verge of extinction.

Stove.
A necessary piece of furniture and mode of transport for Russian folk tales and epics. Grandfather and woman, Ilya Muromets, Baba Yaga, Emelya and many others have been lying on it for many years.
Acting as a vehicle, it smokes heavily, but develops a decent speed. It's a rare Russian fairy tale without a stove.

Sagebrush.
She is the “overcome”, “stand up” grass. A tonic medicinal plant, similar in effect to living water (see the corresponding article). Once you drink its decoction, you immediately turn into a hero, even if you didn’t notice this in yourself before taking the medicine.
Recommended for wounded and treacherously killed heroes, wild and domestic animals, birds (Sivka-burke, Clear Falcon, Gray Wolf, and so on). In some cases, it is also used in raw, uncooked form. In dried form, such herb is usually obtained from Baba Yaga, who collects it in the forest on a moonlit and always fairy-tale night.

Mortar.
Another fabulous form of transport. Belongs to Baba Yaga. In order to take off, sit comfortably in the mortar, pick up a broom and hit the ground with it. The stupa immediately takes off. For control in the air, a broom is used, which turns the aircraft in the direction you want, being the fuselage of the stupa.

Self-assembled tablecloth.
Operates on an all-inclusive basis. An essential item for fabulous travels. Mode of application:
1) Wash your hands.
2) Spread a self-assembled tablecloth on a flat surface (table, stump, clearing).
3) Place your order loudly and clearly.
4) After eating, carefully fold the tablecloth along with the used dishes.
The self-assembled tablecloth is practical and compact. Does not require washing, grocery shopping, or cooking. Successfully replaces a dishwasher. Probably, after the use of a self-assembled tablecloth, the popular expression “to cover the clearing” arose among the people.

Walking boots.
A type of high-speed transport common in fairy tales. Western European analogue of the stupa and the flying carpet. Practical, comfortable wearable shoes for long journeys. The speed of movement in walking boots is not inferior to other fairy-tale analogues.

Box.
Not just part of the home interior in oriental and Russian fairy tales. This is both a repository of countless treasures, where sometimes some of the fabulous items listed here lie, and an aircraft, in which the heroes can fly wherever they wish. Chests come in different sizes. Small ones are called caskets, tiny ones are called caskets. The caskets contain a variety of surprises. Let us recall, for example, two from the casket (sometimes three), who not only fulfill wishes, but can mistakenly beat the owner.
Boxes are more harmless. Magic mirrors, rings and other fabulous jewelry are stored there.

Snuffbox.
Previously, tobacco was not only smoked, but also sniffed. This pleasure was kept in snuff boxes. In fairy tales, soldiers use a magic snuffbox to rescue either Marya the Artisan, or the Bear, or even an entire fairy-tale kingdom from trouble.
Sometimes the story ends well - the Soldier moves on home. Sometimes he marries a princess and becomes a king. In any case, the snuff box works flawlessly. In some fairy tales it plays the role of a magic casket (see the corresponding article), in others it becomes a place where the Soldier hides Sorrow-Misfortune.

Plate
Magic utensils, always used for other purposes. They do not eat from it, using it as a monitor for viewing fabulous news and the latest news. Does not require an Internet connection.
Principle of operation; Place the magic plate on the table, put a golden apple in it (see the corresponding article) and spin it clockwise. The sound level of the image is adjusted automatically.
Do not throw! Before turning on, thoroughly wipe off dust.

Cane.
A useful fairy-tale item with the help of which heroes of European fairy tales find various treasures and objects. Actually, the heroes of fairy tales themselves do not take part in this search. They give orders to the cane, which is engaged in treasure hunting. From time to time, the cane can perform the functions of a magic baton, punishing one of the hero’s offenders.
The subject is unpopular in Russian folk tales; Neither Emelya, nor Ivan the Fool, nor, especially, Dobrynya Nikitich use a cane.

Figs.
Magic figs (better known in our country as figs, in common parlance as “duli”) come in two types: the first one actively stimulates the growth of branched horns in the person who eats them, the second one gets rid of them.
Both types of figs are externally indistinguishable from each other. They grow in the wild, but nearby. Accepted only as prescribed by your court physician.

Invisible hat.
Fabulous thing! Used by fairy tale heroes for reconnaissance purposes, as well as during active hostilities with various evil spirits (Serpent Gorynych, Kashchei the Immortal, Dragon, Baba Yaga and others). Simple and easy to use. It does not require special care. Store in a dry, visible place.

Apple tree.
Useful tree. Apples grow on it (see related article). In fairy tales, it is usually strewn with fruits, asking everyone passing by to “taste my apple.” As a reward, it can shelter a traveler or traveler from geese-swans and Bab-Yagas. It can be wild or garden. Wild - grows in the forest, in the field, on the banks of the milk river. Sadovaya - in the royal garden. From time to time it bears fruit with golden apples.

Bullseye.
It comes in bulk, gold and rejuvenating. The most dangerous thing in fairy tales is the pouring apple. Very appetizing to look at, it is used as a means of poisoning pretty princesses and princesses, after which princes and princes have to go on a long journey to find a way to revive them - either with living water (see the corresponding article) or with a kiss. Both are given to them with great difficulty, and sometimes even with danger to their lives.
Another thing is the rejuvenating apple. It may not be so appetizing in appearance, but the result exceeds the expectations of the hero (heroine) who ate it. The old man turns into a good young man. The old woman is a good (or good) maiden. Rejuvenating apples grow in gardens guarded by Kashchei the Immortal, the Serpent - Gorynych, Baba Yaga, and the Giant. In the absence of the latter - just a big, angry and hungry dog.
Unlike liquid and rejuvenating apples, golden apples are inedible. In any case, in fairy tales they are not eaten, but are used as an integral part of magic mirrors and plates. They are thrown, like a roulette ball, onto a round mirror or plate. The apple spins, resulting in a flat color image of what the owner wants to see on the surface of the mirror or plate.
Magic apples never spoil and last forever. They are not used for filling pies, preparing various jams, preserves, and cider.

Egg.
It can be simple and golden. A simple egg usually contains a needle, at the end of which is the death of Kashchei. This egg itself is in the duck, the duck is in the hare, the hare is in the chest (see the corresponding article), the chest is under the roots of the oak tree. In short, this egg is under reliable protection.
Not a simple egg, but a golden egg is significantly less protected. The hen Ryaba carries it the first time, but due to the negligence of Grandfather and Baba and the negligence of the Mouse, it breaks. From this we can conclude that the shell of the golden egg is fragile.
A simple egg with a needle in the yolk is much more in demand in fairy tales than gold, since its scope is wider.

A fairy tale immerses a person in a magical world full of fairy-tale heroes performing feats in the name of justice and opposing the forces of evil. The characters are helped in this by wonderful helpers and magical objects. Who, for example, has not heard of a flying carpet or a self-assembled tablecloth, which are found in many Russian folk tales?

The plots of Russian folk tales can be divided into two large groups. In some, the main character makes efforts to get a magical object that has miraculous powers. In other stories, a character in a fairy tale receives a magical means to achieve a worthy goal, such as rescuing a lover who has been kidnapped by a sorcerer and then returning home in triumph.

Self-assembled tablecloth

A wonderful tablecloth, capable of feeding many people, appears in a variety of fairy tales. To have a hearty meal, just wave the tablecloth and unfold it on the table or on the ground. After such simple preparation, the hospitable tablecloth will immediately be covered with a wide variety of dishes. After the meal, the heroes just need to roll up the tablecloth along with the leftovers so that they disappear without a trace.
Folklore researchers associate the image of a self-assembled tablecloth with the age-old dream of the people about constant abundance.

Carpet plane

A wonderful means of transportation in the form of a carpet capable of flying is also found in Russian fairy tales. On the fairy tale carpet, the heroes of the works go to distant lands to fight Koshchei, or return home from wanderings after tiring adventures.

Invisible hat

The heroes of fairy tales manage to accomplish many good deeds using a wonderful headdress - an invisibility hat. This magical object is found in Old Slavonic fairy tales. To become invisible, it is not always enough for a hero to put on a magic hat. Sometimes he has to turn his headdress in a special way to hide from prying eyes.
By the way, the invisible cap from Slavic fairy tales had an interesting feature: as long as it is worn correctly, it looks like an ordinary headdress. But as soon as you turned it back to front, the spell took effect and the hero became invisible. In a word, our distant ancestors were well aware that invisibility is an unnatural, incorrect state, fraught with great danger due to the ability to serve not only as protection, but also as a weapon, regardless of the goals set.

Walking boots

Possessing “seven-league” boots, fairy-tale characters gained the ability to cover vast distances in the blink of an eye. Similar shoes are also found in scenes that arose in the countries of East and Western Europe. Running boots, as a rule, were kept in a locked casket and for the time being behaved calmly. But as soon as the hero put on the magic shoes, he rushed to the goal with incredible speed, which could well be the envy of some modern technical means of transportation.

Bogdanov I.D. 1

Samoilova E.A. 1

1 Municipal autonomous educational institution of the Novolyalinsky urban district "Secondary school No. 4"

The text of the work is posted without images and formulas.
The full version of the work is available in the "Work Files" tab in PDF format

“In fairy tales, both the soul of the Russian people and wisdom are visible.

they are our wealth."

(Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky)

Introduction

Today it is difficult to imagine a person who would not love fairy tales and everything connected with them.

Fairy tales came to us from ancient times, passed down from generation to generation. It was so long ago that now no one can even find out exactly when.

The first creator of fairy tales was the people who put into them their cherished dreams of justice, a happy life, and talked about the beauty, intelligence and hard work of ordinary people. A fairy tale surrounds, fascinates, captivates a person from early childhood until the end of life with its wonderful transformations and magical plots.

The theme of the presence of fairy tales in our lives is relevant, because even today people enjoy reading fairy tales. The main feature of fairy tales is the presence of magical objects that helped and made the lives of the heroes easier. In Russian folk tales there are household items and clothing that make their owner invulnerable and give him the opportunity to do great things. Running boots, an invisible hat, a self-assembled tablecloth, a flying carpet, a magic wand - these are the main objects of fairy tales. With the help of magical objects, fairy tale heroes cope with difficulties that cannot be overcome in the usual way. I note that not every fairy tale with a magical object is folk. Many world-famous storytellers happily wrote about useful wonders.

After reading many fairy tales, I realized that magical “helpers” exist in reality. These are human inventions that help and make life easier for modern people. Surprisingly, discoveries and improvements occur every day in the world of technology. The basis for these inventions is given to humanity by the wisdom of the entire people, that is, fairy tales.

Object of study: magical objects from fairy tales.

Subject of research: the connection of magical objects with the inventions of the modern world.

Hypothesis: Magic items are closely related to modern inventions that we now use.

Goal: to find out whether it is possible to create magic in the real world, that is, to find inventions in the modern world, the ideas for creating which came to us from fairy tales.

Find magical objects in fairy tales that helped the heroes

Find objects in the modern world whose ancestors are magical objects from fairy tales.

Prove the relationship between magical objects and modern inventions.

Attract the attention of the children from the group to the research.

Analyze the results and draw a conclusion.

Research methods:

comparison;

study and analysis of literature;

generalization;

Duration of the study: February 2018 - September 2018.

“You shouldn’t turn away from old wives’ tales so easily.

They sometimes contain knowledge from the inheritance of the Wise.”

( Gene Ronald Reuel Tolkien. "Lord of the Rings")

After reading and analyzing a large number of fairy tales, I found magical objects that, thanks to the development of science, came to life in real life. I have divided these items into several groups.

1. Fast movement.

People have always dreamed of moving quickly over long distances in a short time, which is why they came up with magical objects that help them fly and run fast. We learn about these magical objects from fairy tales.

So, from the fairy tale “Prophetic Dream” we learn about the flying carpet. The main character, Ivan the merchant's son, took possession of this magical object in a not entirely honest way. " They went outside the city, spread out a flying carpet, sat down and rose above the walking cloud; They flew and flew and landed right next to that dense forest where they left their good horses." But with his help he did good deeds. In the same tale, walking boots are also mentioned.

Or in the fairy tale “The Enchanted Princess,” a retired soldier married the princess, who is in the form of a bear. To overcome obstacles, he also fraudulently takes possession of a flying carpet and an invisible hat.and walking boots.The fairy tale says “a soldier sat on a magic carpet and flew... he wandered for a long, long time, saw many lands and many seas, and finally arrived at the end of the world... there is nowhere else to fly!” I did not use boots when performing fabulous deeds.

I also read Charles Perrault’s fairy tale “Tom Thumb”, in which I also met a magical object with which it is possible to move - seven-league boots. “The cannibal took seven-league boots from the chest and hurried after the brothers. He crossed half the state in a few steps and soon found himself on the road along which the boys were running... He jumped from mountain to mountain, stepped over huge rivers, like small puddles.” Then Thumb Boy stole the Ogre's seven-league boots. The kid got a job in the royal service as a messenger and with their help earned a lot of money and helped the family get out of poverty (the tale was written inXVII V.).

In the fairy tale “Little Muk” by Wilhelm Hauff there are magic shoes that transport the owner to any distance.I read about them: “Coming out of the house, he started running and rushed without looking back until he ran out of the city into a field. Then the dwarf decided to rest a little. And suddenly he felt that he could not stop. His legs ran on their own and dragged him , no matter how hard he tried to stop them. He tried to fall and turn around - nothing helped. Finally, he realized that it was all about his new shoes. It was they who pushed him forward and did not allow him to stop. Muk was completely exhausted and did not know What should he do? In despair, he waved his hands and shouted, like cab drivers shout:
- Whoa! Whoa! Stop! And suddenly the shoes immediately stopped, and the poor dwarf fell to the ground with all his might.”Later, Muk used this property of shoes to achieve his goals (the fairy tale was published in 1826).

In A. Volkov's fairy tale "The Wizard of the Emerald City" I came across a magical object - silver shoes. “Silver shoes have many wonderful properties,” said Stella. “But their most amazing property is that in three steps they will take you to the ends of the world. You just need to hit your heel on the heel and name the place...” These magical shoes transported Ellie from fairyland to Kansas to mom and dad. The work was written only in 1939.

In the Russian folk tale The Flying Ship, I learned about how the tsar decided to give his daughter in marriage to someone who could make the Flying Ship. This happened to be the younger brother in one poor family, who went into the forest and asked for advice from his grandfather - a kind wizard who helped the guy build a ship of unprecedented beauty "... the fool boarded a flying ship, straightened the sails. The sails inflated, the ship soared into the sky, flew faster than a falcon. Flies a little lower than the walking clouds, a little higher than the standing forests..."

And yet, in many Russian folk tales, the most evil heroine - Baba Yaga - moved in a mortar.

The laziest hero in Emel's fairy tales rode a sleigh not drawn by horses. This is how the fairy tale says it: “Emelya got down from the stove, put on his shoes, got dressed. He took a rope and an ax, went out into the yard and sat in the sleigh:

Women, open the gates!

His daughters-in-law tell him:

Why did you, fool, get into the sleigh without harnessing the horse?

I don't need a horse.

The daughters-in-law opened the gate, and Emelya said quietly:

At the behest of the pike, at my will, go, sleigh, into the forest... The sleigh itself drove through the gate, but it’s impossible to catch up with a horse so fast.”

Even Emelya, who didn’t want to do anything, went to work on the stove. “Emelya lay still and said:

At the behest of the pike, at my desire - come on, bake, go to the king...

Then the corners of the hut cracked, the roof shook, the wall flew out, and the stove itself went down the street, along the road, straight to the king.

The king looks out the window and wonders: What kind of miracle is this?

The greatest nobleman answers him: And this is Emelya on the stove coming to you."

After reading all these fairy tales, I came to the conclusion that people have always dreamed of moving quickly, so in the modern world they have come up with analogues of fairy-tale magic objects.

Having heard or read about the magic carpet in childhood, scientists began with serious research into the possibility of flight on a device only in the 18th century. After many unsuccessful attempts to take off and stay in the air, on December 17, 1903, American inventors brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright carried out four controlled flights in the Flyer 1, an engine-equipped biplane. Later
This invention has been improved and now we can fly a modern airplane, helicopter, or rocket.

Having read in childhood about Emelya, who traveled on a stove with a stove bench, Scientists are thinking about creating a convenient and comfortable vehicle.

In 1791, inventor Ivan Kulibin built his “self-running stroller,” which was powered by a flywheel. This stroller already had a brake, bearings and a gearbox. In 1885, German inventors Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz were the first in the world to build cars equipped with gasoline engines.

In subsequent years and decades, the development of technology did not stand still and modern locomotives and cars are significantly more powerful, faster, more beautiful and comfortable than their “ancestors”.

The famous self-propelled stove is also a prototype of a steam locomotive.

Impressed by the fairy tale about Emelya’s comfortable movement on the stove, the Englishman Richard Trevithick introduced the first steam locomotive in 1801. The main drawback was the cast iron rails, which collapsed under the weight of this heavy machine.

Only in 1814, the English mechanical engineer George Stephenson built his own steam locomotive and ensured that cast iron rails were replaced with steel ones.

In 1833-1834 Ural mechanical engineers - father and son Cherepanovs, who worked at Demidov's factories, first created a steam locomotive in Russia, which was simpler in design compared to its foreign counterparts.

At the end of the 19th century, the locomotive underwent some changes and became like a large and powerful machine that could accelerate to 150 kilometers per hour.

A modern train and modern Emelya looks like this:

After reading the fairy tale “At the Command of the Pike” and learning about the magic sleigh, engineer S.S. In 1903, Nezhdanovsky invented the first snowmobile that moved on snow and ice. They no longer need to be harnessed by horses.

Having learned about Baba Yaga, who easily moved through the air in a mortar, the Montgolfier brothers in 1783year they made their own stupa, attaching it to a balloon. The balloon was filled with hot air, thanks to which it rose upward. Now everyone can rise into the sky.

After reading about the flying ship, every child dreamed of going on a trip on it, and so in September 1852Frenchman Henri-Jacques-Girard took to the skies on the first airship. Subsequentlythis device was improved, but remained similar to a flying ship from a fairy tale.

All the devices that I discussed above can only be activated with the help of adults. And how important it is for a child to feel like a wizard and move quickly without outside help. This is probably why people, who in childhood were told fairy tales about speed boots and other magical shoes, came up with skates, and later roller skates, skis, scooters, and Segways.

2. Finding the right path.

Moving quickly is, of course, good, but you need to know exactly which direction to move. Therefore, in fairy tales there are very important magical objects that help to find the right path.

Such an object in the Russian folk tale “The Frog Princess” is a ball. When Ivan Tsarevich went to look for his wife Vasilisa the Wise, distant lands in the thirtieth kingdom, “he came across an old man who gave him a ball and said: “Here’s a ball for you; wherever it goes - follow it boldly." Ivan Tsarevich thanked the old man and followed the ball..." He helped the traveler get to his goal - to Koshchei the Immortal.

In another Russian folk tale, “Go there - I don’t know where“Bring me something - I don’t know what” Marya-Marevnagave her husband Andrei the shooter a ring so that it would help him fulfill the tsar’s service. "Andrey threw the ring - it rolls. Andrey follows him through clean fields, moss-swamps, rivers-lakes, and the tsar's adviser is trailing behind Andrei... Whether close, far, soon, or briefly, they came into a dense, dense forest, descended into a deep ravine, and then the ring stopped." The hero's ring brought him to the right place. In the same In the fairy tale, there is also a ball, which also helped the hero get to his intended goal, that is, there - I don’t know where. This is how it was: “I threw the ball in front of me, the ball rolled - it rolls and rolls. Andrey follows him. Andrei passed through many kingdoms and lands. The ball rolls, the thread stretches from it; it became a small ball, about the size of a chicken head; That’s how small he has become, you can’t even see it on the road..."

In the modern world, it is also important to move in the right direction, so scientists, after reading fairy tales in childhood, invented navigators, thanks to which you can find your way to anywhere in the world.

The first personal navigator was made in England in 1920. It was worn on the arm. It contained scrolls of paper maps with instructions that the driver had to scroll through along the way. Modern navigators are mini-computers equipped with special sensors that, using signals from satellites, determine their location on Earth and display it on maps of the area stored in the navigator’s memory, giving its owner voice and visual cues about the direction of movement and other information important to the user. in accordance with the chosen route.

3. Connection with the outside world.

Since ancient times, people have dreamed of objects that will connect them with the world around them, that will help them learn about what is happening on the other side of the earth.

I read the Russian folk tale "Marya Morevna", where Ivan Tsarevich, going to look for his wife Marya, who was taken by Koschey the Immortal, leaves his relatives a silver spoon, fork and snuffbox. When Koschey the Immortal" he chopped Ivan into small pieces and put him in a resin barrel, took this barrel, fastened it with iron hoops and threw it into the blue sea, and took Marya Morevna to him. At that very time, Ivan Tsarevich’s sons-in-law’s silver turned black. “Oh,” they say, “it’s clear that trouble has happened!” It’s good that the relatives knew about the trouble that happened to Ivan Tsarevich and saved him.

In the modern world, it has also become extremely important for people to keep in touch with each other, no matter where they are. Therefore, the idea from the fairy tale became the reason for inventing the telephone. The brilliant scientist Antonio Meucci invented the first telephone in 1866. Currently, technology has developed so much that there is practically nothing left in common with a modern telephone except the principle of operation. In 1957, Russian scientist L. Kupriyanov experimentally created a sample of a mobile phone. In 1971, Samuel Hearst developed the elograph, a graphics tablet. And in 1972, the Americans introduced the first touchscreen phone.

The fairy tales that scientists read in childhood did not pass by. Therefore, now you can find out about your loved ones and friends by calling them on the phone.

In the Russian folk tale “A Silver Saucer and a Liquid Apple,” a man bought his eldest daughters silk and scarlet velvet, and his youngest daughter, Mashenka, a silver saucer and a liquid apple. The sisters laugh, and “Masha sat down in the corner of the room, rolled a poured apple on a silver saucer, and sang and said:

Roll, roll, pouring apple, on a silver saucer, show me cities and fields, show me forests and seas, show me the heights of the mountains and the beauty of the skies, all of my dear Mother Russia.

Suddenly a silver ringing sound was heard. The whole upper room was filled with light: an apple rolled on a saucer, poured on a silver one, and on the saucer all the cities are visible, all the meadows are visible, and the shelves in the fields, and the ships on the seas, and the height of the mountains, and the beauty of the sky: the clear sun rolls behind the bright month, the stars gather in a round dance, the swans sing songs in the creeks.”

There is such an apple on a silver platter in every modern home - this is a TV. Scientists from different countries, under the influence of fairy tales, worked for a long time so that people could see the world at a glance. And they succeeded. Nowadays, by turning on the TV button, we learn about what is happening not only in Russia, but throughout the world.

In the Russian folk tale "Elena the Wise", the main character looks into a magic book that knows about everything in the world. Here's how it's written: " Elena the Wise took the magic book, looked - and it was as if she saw everything in the palm of her hand."

The magic book is mentioned in many Russian folk tales: “Go there - I don’t know where, bring that - I don’t know what”, “The Enchanted Princess” and others.

Great storytellers also wrote about this amazing subject.

So, I came across a magic book in A. Volkov’s fairy tale “The Wizard of the Emerald City”. Ellie definitely needed to find out how to return home from a magical land. She asked the sorceress Villina about this. And this is what happened next...

" “Oh yes,” Villina realized, “I completely forgot that my magic book was with me.” You need to look into it: maybe I’ll read something useful for you there...

Villina took out from the folds of her clothes a tiny book the size of a thimble. The sorceress blew on her and, before the eyes of the surprised and slightly frightened Ellie, the book began to grow, grow and turned into a huge volume. It was so heavy that the old woman laid it on a large stone. Villina looked at the pages of the book and they themselves turned over under her gaze.

Found it, found it! - the sorceress suddenly exclaimed and began to slowly read: “Bambara, chufara, skoriki, moriki, turabo, furabo, loriki, eriki... The great wizard Goodwin will return home the little girl brought to his country by a hurricane if she helps three creatures achieve the fulfillment of their most cherished desires, pickapoo, tripapoo, botalo, motalo..."

Probably, modern scientists were so impressed by these fairy tales about magic books that they invented a computer, and then a laptop, which helps people learn about everything in the world.

4. Magical helpers

4.1. Domestic helpers

After reading many fairy tales, I noted that Russian folk tales were written by ordinary people about themselves. Great storytellers also wrote fairy tales about ordinary people. But ordinary people worked very hard and had nothing to eat, so in fairy tales you often find helpers in everyday life.

So, a self-assembled tablecloth can feed anyone if you say the right words.

Here is an excerpt from the Russian folk tale "Tablecloth Self-Assembled", in which Midnighter thanked the old man for his good deed: " He took out a package from his bosom and handed it to the old man:

Here's a self-assembled tablecloth for you - you'll be full at any time. Just unfold the tablecloth and say: “Drink, eat!” - and eat, drink, whatever your heart desires... The old man thanked his sworn brother for the treat and for the gift, said goodbye and set off on the way back... He went to the inn.He sat down at the table, took out a tablecloth from his bosom, unfolded it and... holy lights, where did this come from: various dishes were served, fragrant honey, sweet wines, appetizers, snacks of all kinds - the table was bursting! Drink, eat - the soul is the measure! "

In the XIX - XX centuries. To help housewives, various household appliances have been invented and improved to help cook (microwave ovens, bread makers, electric kettles, mixers...) and clean dishes (dishwashers).

The great storytellers Brothers Grimm wrote the fairy tale “A Pot of Porridge,” in which the old woman thanked the girl for the berries and gave her the pot. This is how it is described in the fairy tale: " The old woman ate some berries and said:

You gave me berries, and I’ll give you something too. Here's a pot for you. All you have to do is say:

“One, two, three, pot, cook!” and he will begin to cook delicious, sweet porridge.

And you tell him: “One, two, three, don’t cook any more!” - and he will stop cooking.

“Thank you, grandma,” the girl said, took the pot and went home to her mother.

The mother was delighted with this pot. And how can you not be happy? Without labor or hassle, delicious, sweet porridge is always ready for lunch.”

Modern scientists remember this fairy tale too. And in 1956 Yoshitada Minami invented a device similar in operation to a multicooker. Later it was improved and it became a real assistant women in the kitchen. While the porridge itself is cooked in a slow cooker, women can go about their business. The porridge will definitely not escape from the multicooker.

In the Russian folk tale "Tserevna the Frog" - the wives of the king's sons had to sew a shirt in one night, then bake a loaf. The Frog Princess coped with these tasks with the help of magic.

In those distant times, women could only dream of such assistants as those invented in the modern world. These include vacuum cleaners, washing machines, irons and many, many other household helper items.

In the Russian folk tale “Vasilisa the Wise,” Vasilisa is helped by a magical doll, which, if you feed her and tell her your troubles, will do everything herself. " The doll eats, then gives advice, and consoles in grief, and the next morning she does all the work for Vasilisa, she just rests in the cold and picks flowers, and her beds are already weeded, and the cabbage is watered, and the water is applied, and the stove is heated. It was good for her to live with the doll."

Over the past 10 years, instead of a wish-granting doll, robotic household assistants have been invented that can do household chores. They know how to put things in order in the house: load the washing machine, water flowers, cook food, and also make people’s lives more interesting and comfortable..

In the Russian folk tale “The Firebird and Vasilisa the Princess,” a very ordinary object, it would seem, is shown for a fairy tale - the feather of the firebird. This is how it is said in the fairy tale: “In a certain kingdom, far away, in the thirtieth state, there lived a strong, mighty king. And that king had a great archer, and the good archer had a heroic horse. Once a Sagittarius rode on his heroic horse into the forest to hunt. He was driving along a wide road, and he ran into the golden feather of a firebird: the feather glows like fire!..."

But how did this “ordinary” fairy-tale object haunt scientists in many countries? And so in the 19th century. appeared n The first light bulb. It is difficult who exactly was the inventor, but such names asP.N. Yablochkov, A.N. Lodygin, Joseph Swan, Thomas Edison. Such a seemingly insignificant discovery by brilliant scientists changed the world radically and gave a great impetus to the technological development of mankind.

What necessary and important inventions have been made for humans thanks to fairy tales. Without them, living in the modern world would be very difficult.

4.2. Magic helpers in construction

In the Russian folk tale "The Magic Ring", Martynka, who was about to marry the Tsar's daughter, had to build a palace and a crystal bridge in one night. The young man completed this task with the help of a magic ring. And it was like that. “Exactly at midnight, Martyn got out of bed, went out into the wide courtyard, threw the ring from hand to hand - and immediately twelve young men appeared before him, all with the same face, hair to hair, voice to voice.

What do you need, Martyn, widow's son?

Here's what: make me a rich palace in this very place, and so that from my palace to the royal palace there will be a crystal bridge, on both sides of the bridge there will be trees with golden and silver apples, on those trees there will be different birds singing, and even build a five-domed cathedral: there would be a place to receive the crown, there would be a place to celebrate the wedding.

Twelve fellows answered:

Everything will be ready by tomorrow!

They rushed to different places, rounded up craftsmen and carpenters from all sides and got to work: everything was going well for them, the job was done quickly. The next morning Martynka woke up not in a simple hut, but in noble, luxurious chambers; He went out onto the high porch and looked - everything was ready: the palace, the cathedral, the crystal bridge, and the trees with golden and silver apples."

It would seem that this cannot happen in the real world. But it’s not just that scientists read fairy tales in childhood. They have a whole life ahead of them to invent magical objects. And it worked! Quite recently, a giant 3D printer was created in the world, with the help of which they have already “printed” a small house in China in just one day. In Russia, construction of such a building is also underway in the city of Yaroslavl. In the near future, 3D printers will be able to build houses and bridges as beautiful and large as in a fairy tale.

4.3. Magic helpers at work

People of different professions constantly think about how nice it would be to have magical objects in their work to help people and to do their jobs better. Where can I get such helpers? Of course, from fairy tales that we read in childhood. Scientists do just that - they remember the magic and invent some very necessary object.

So in the fairy tale by A.S. Pushkin's "The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights" is written about a mirror that always told the truth.

I joked with him kindly

And, showing off, she said:

“My light, mirror! Tell

Tell me the whole truth...

A very necessary thing in the modern world. I think it was this fairy tale that inspiredin 1921, a medical student at the University of California and an employee of the Berkeley Police Department, California, John Augustus Larsoncome up with a device that would always tell the truth, or rather determine whether a person is telling the truth - this is a polygraph or a lie detector. It is necessary for the police to determine whether the criminal is telling the truth or not. Well, why not a mirror of the human brain?

In many Russian folk tales, people wanted to revive or cure a loved one. Rejuvenating apples, living and dead water helped them in this. So in the fairy tale “About rejuvenating apples and living water” it is said that “ Far distant lands, in the thirtieth kingdom, there is a garden with rejuvenating apples and a well with living water. If you eat this apple for an old man, he will become younger, and if you wash the eyes of a blind man with this water, he will see.”

In the fairy tale “Marya Morevna”, in order to save Ivan Tsarevich, who was chopped into pieces by Koshchei, “all three flew to one place, broke the barrel, took out the pieces of Ivan Tsarevich, washed them and put them together as needed. The raven splashed dead water - the body grew together, united; the falcon splashed with living water - Ivan Tsarevich shuddered..."

In the modern world, the dream of every doctor is to cure all the sick and revive the dead. Therefore, medicine has been continually “growing rejuvenating apples” for many centuries and establishing the composition of living and dead water, that is, inventing more and more new creams, pills, potions, even stem cells, thereby unraveling the secrets of rejuvenating the body.

In Wilhelm Hauff's fairy tale "Little Muk" I noticed one interesting thing that the main character took from the old woman along with her shoes - a cane. Later in a dream he saw a small dog. She told him: "... And the cane will help you look for treasures. Where the gold is buried, it will knock on the ground three times, and where the silver is buried, it will knock twice.” Modern scientists have managed to use knowledge from the fairy tale and invent a metal detector - a device that allows you to find metal objects, regardless of their location.location. The first metal detector was born in 1881 (several decades after the publication of the fairy tale “Little Mook”) by Scottish physicist Alexander Graham Bell. Today, metal detectors are used by police to find the crime weapon or evidence that criminals have hidden. Metal detectors are also used for security purposes, in mining, archaeological excavations and even in medicine..

In Russian folk tales “The Prophetic Dream”, “The Enchanted Princess” and many others, another amazing item is mentioned - the invisible cap. Modern scientists are still puzzling over how to make their childhood dream - to become invisible - come true.

But in our time there are magicians who also read fairy tales in childhood, and have learned, with the help of cunning tricks, to create the illusion that objects and even people disappear.

Survey of children from the class

During the research, I decided to conduct a small survey among the children in my class and their parents, because I was interested in what other children thought about the connection between fairy tales and modern inventions? They were asked to answer the following questions:

1. List the Russian folk tales that you know.

2. Which fairy tale is your favorite or did you like the most?

3. Were there any magical objects in the fairy tale that helped the hero in difficult times? List them.

4. Are magical fairy tale objects related to modern inventions?

Create your own magic item.

After processing the profiles of the guys from the class, I got the following results:

1. Children remember the following fairy tales:

Morozko;

Kolobok;

Swan geese;

Little Red Riding Hood;

By magic;

Teremok.

2. Magic objects from fairy tales are named as follows:

Emelya stove;

A ball showing the way;

Magic wand;

Carpet plane;

Invisible hat;

Walking boots.

3. 76% of the children who participated in the survey found a connection between fairy-tale magical objects and modern inventions. Some guys drew their own magic objects.

After analyzing all the results, I established the following pattern: the more fairy tales the children read, the more magical objects they named and the more magical objects they were able to correlate with modern inventions. Those children who read the largest number of fairy tales were able to come up with their own magical objects.

Thus, I can conclude that children who read fairy tales develop imagination and creative thinking. And when they grow up, they will be able to invent useful objects that they learned about from fairy tales or that they came up with themselves.

Conclusion

After analyzing my research, I was convinced that the possibility of creating magic in the real world exists - there are inventions around us, the ideas for creating them came to us from fairy tales.

People read fairy tales as children, think about magical objects, imagine them in their games, and when they grow up, they make some outstanding discovery. Thus, as a result of the work carried out, my hypothesis about the “family” connection between fairy-tale objects and modern technology was confirmed.

After interviewing the guys from the class, I can confidently say that fairy tales develop imagination and creative thinking, which in the future will make it possible to realize the most unrealizable dreams, because there is still a lot of magic left in fairy tales.

I received great pleasure from doing the work. I will continue to read fairy tales and maybe in the near future I will be able to unravel the secrets of magical objects and thereby make people's lives easier and happier.

Bibliography

A.S. Pushkin, Fairy Tales, Ekaterinburg: Litur-opt LLC, 2011, - 120 p.

The Big Book of Russian Fairy Tales / processed by O. Lashchevskaya. - St. Petersburg: Lenizdat, “Leningrad”, 2007. - 576 p.

V. Gauf, Little Muk, Moscow: ROSMEN, 2015. - 28 p.

Volkov A.M., The Wizard of the Emerald City, Belgorod: Family Leisure Club LLC, 2013. - 128 p.

Not everyone will remember what this or that fairy tale is about, but everyone knows magical objects from fairy tales. Every child dreams that it would be nice to have a magic wand, or, for example, an invisibility hat.

Let's turn to magical items. What subject should we start with?

The first magic item is self-assembled tablecloth. Why do we put this magical item in the first place? Whether in a fairy tale or in reality, the hero must be well-fed. What magical things can he do if he is hungry? A self-assembled tablecloth is a magical item that can feed and drink to your heart’s content. It must be unrolled, and then the food will appear on it.

Invisible hat, Magic carpet, walking boots– all these magical objects are in the Russian folk tale “Prophetic Dream”. A flying carpet flies far, an invisibility hat hides well, and walking boots run quickly - without these wonderful objects the characters in the fairy tale would have a hard time. These miraculous things are also found in other fairy tales.

In one of the fairy tales recorded by A.N. Afanasyev, the older and middle sister killed the younger for magical objects - silver saucer and pouring apple. The apple rolls on a saucer and shows beautiful pictures. I must say that everything in this fairy tale ends well, the sister came to life and forgave the offenders from the bottom of her heart.

Hares in fairy tales usually listen to their mother, and some of them - magic pipe. The boy Hans received a magic pipe as a reward - he did a good deed - he freed the old woman’s nose, which for some unknown reason turned out to be healed in a stump. The magic pipe plays its enchanting melody in the fairy tale “The King's Hares”.

Magic ball, almost the same as in ordinary life, round, inconspicuous. But he knows how to show the way. To whom? For example, Ivan Tsarevich. From whose hands did Ivan Tsarevich receive the magic ball? From the hands of one of the oldest inhabitants of the forest - Baba Yaga.

Staff- a magical object, without which the fairytale grandfather - Santa Claus - cannot appear. A staff is a long, stable thing. With its help you can not only create miracles, but also rely on it. The staff is a symbol of power and strength.

Magic feather was purchased by a father for his daughter under special circumstances. In the city where other gifts were purchased, the father did not find any feathers. Only outside the outpost did the father meet a strange old man, to whom he gave a thousand rubles... All these events take place in the fairy tale “The Feather of Finist the Clear Falcon.”

What other magical items are there?

A golden key, a doll, a ring, a towel embroidered with patterns, an egg, a book, a needle, a silver spoon, a silver snuff box...

Magical things found in fairy tales reflected the aspirations of the Russian people for a better life.

Self-assembled tablecloth

A wonderful tablecloth, capable of feeding many people, appears in a variety of fairy tales. To have a hearty meal, just wave the tablecloth and unfold it on the table or on the ground. After such simple preparation, the hospitable tablecloth will immediately be covered with a wide variety of dishes. After the meal, the heroes do not need to worry about dirty dishes - just roll up the tablecloth along with the leftovers so that they disappear without a trace.

Folklore researchers associate the image of a self-assembled tablecloth with the age-old dream of the people about constant abundance and deliverance from hard work.

Carpet plane

A wonderful means of transportation in the form of a carpet capable of flying is also found in Russian fairy tales. The very idea of a flying carpet was obviously borrowed from the literature of eastern peoples, but it has firmly entered into the plot fabric of Russian fairy tales. On the fairy tale carpet, the heroes of the works go to distant lands to fight Koshchei, or return home from wanderings after tiring adventures.

The image of a flying carpet was used by the Soviet writer L. Lagin in a fairy tale about the old man Hottabych.