Cultural monuments are works of human hands. Definition of the ancient creation of mankind

It is no coincidence that the monument is located on Serebryanye Prudy. Little Peter was often brought to Izmailovo. Here, in his adolescence, he sometimes spent time with his amusing regiments. And at the age of 16, at the Linen Yard, Peter was delighted to discover the English boat “St. Nicholas” and after some time he tested this vessel on one of the Izmailovo ponds. This was the beginning of the great Russian fleet.

Monument to Gabdulla Tukay

On April 26, 2011, in Moscow, on Novokuznetskaya Street, a monument to the great Tatar poet Gabdulla Tukai was unveiled as part of events dedicated to the 125th anniversary of the poet’s birth. The monument was donated to the Russian capital by the Government of the Republic of Tatarstan in accordance with the Order of the Moscow Government. The author of the monument is Honored Artist of Russia Salavat Shcherbakov.

The monument is located in front of panel house No. 13 - the scene of the film “Ivan Vasilyevich Changes His Profession”

Monument to Daniil of Moscow

The monument to Daniil of Moscow has a height of ten meters, is located in the city of Moscow on Danilovskaya Square, its opening took place in 1997 on September 4.

The monument depicts a prince dressed in a rich outfit, holding a temple in his right hand and a sword in his left.

If you look closely, you can understand that in the foreground Daniel has not a weapon, but a temple, which tells the story that God is above all.

A large number of people worked on the monument, including Vladimir Mokrousov, sculptor Alexander Korovin, as well as Dmitry Sokolov, an architect.

Daniil of Moscow was the founder of the St. Danilov Monastery, the youngest son of Alexander Yaroslavovich Nevsky.

Monument to the Tragedy of Nations on Poklonnaya Hill

The Monument to the Tragedy of Nations on Poklonnaya Hill was erected in 1997 in memory of the victims of the fascist genocide. The Monument to the Tragedy of Nations on Poklonnaya Hill is a sad memory of the countless executions and executions committed by the Nazis. The sculptural composition Tragedy of Nations is about 8 m high.

The monument to the Tragedy of Nations on Poklonnaya Hill is intended to remind people of the cost at which the Victory was achieved.

Monument "Friendship"

The monument became a decoration of the Ukrainian Boulevard, connecting the space in front of one of the most beautiful high-rise buildings in Moscow - the Ukraine Hotel - and the square in front of the Kievsky railway station.

Monument to Lenin and Krupskaya

On April 21, 1989, the sculptural composition “Lenin and Krupskaya” was unveiled in the park at the intersection of Leninsky Prospekt and Krupskaya Street. The authors are sculptor O.K. Komov, architect V.A. Nesterov, with the participation of designer V.E. Corsi. The sculptor depicted his heroes as young, in a generalized, idealized and somewhat sugary manner, sitting on a bench reading Iskra.

Monument to Peter the Great

The Moscow monument to Peter the Great by Zurab Tsereteli stands, or rather, rises on the banks of the Moscow River opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. It was installed on a bulk island at the separation of the Moscow River and the Vodootvodny Canal in 1997 by order of the Moscow Government in honor of the 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet. This is one of the tallest monuments in the world - it rises almost 100 meters above the ground.

The bronze figure of the Russian Tsar standing against the backdrop of a sailboat is a kind of dominant feature of this area of ​​Moscow. And in a technical sense, the monument is a unique engineering structure. Inside the structure there is a special staircase for monitoring the condition of the monument. The foundation of the monument, which forms an island, is surrounded by fountains, which creates the effect of a ship moving.

In Russian society, the attitude towards this giant Tsereteli is ambiguous. Some people completely reject the monument, considering it ugly, while others, on the contrary, consider it a full-fledged object of art. It is objectively known that there were some inaccuracies in the visual appearance of the monument related to the location of the standard.

Monument to P. Melnikov - the first Minister of Railways

The monument to Pavel Petrovich Melnikov, the first Minister of Railways, was unveiled on Komsomolskaya Square on the eve of Railway Worker Day in 2003.

Sculptor - Salavat Shcherbakov. The monument was cast in the town of Zhukovsky near Moscow at the expense of the Russian Ministry of Railways.

Pavel Petrovich Melnikov is one of the authors of the project for the construction of the St. Petersburg–Moscow railway. He convinced Emperor Nicholas I to begin construction of the road. During his time at the helm of the Department of Railways, the network of Russian railways increased by more than 7,000 km.

Chapel-monument to the heroes of Plevna

The chapel-monument to the grenadiers who fell in battle near Plevna during the Russian-Turkish War of 1877-1878 was built on the initiative and with voluntary donations from the surviving grenadiers who took part in the Battle of Plevna.

The opening of the Plevna Chapel took place on November 28, 1887, the day of the tenth anniversary of the Battle of Plevna. The author of the project was the famous academician of architecture V. O. Sherwood. Inside, the chapel was decorated with rich ceramic decor, completely covering all surfaces. At the main images - Saints Alexander Nevsky, Saint George the Victorious and Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker - unquenchable lamps burned.

After 1917, most of the interior decoration was lost, the chapel was closed and destroyed. They built a toilet in it..... They tried to destroy it several times by order of the Central Committee, but it miraculously survived...

The chapel stood in a disfigured state until the mid-1940s, when, in circumstances of mortal danger, the state turned to the Church for support. By the end of the war, it was put in order, the cross was restored and the inscriptions were gilded. But without services, the chapel quickly collapsed. At the end of the 1950s, it was completely covered with a preservative composition and acquired the appearance of a black cast-iron monument, well known to native Muscovites.

On March 3, 1990, on the day of the Independence of Bulgaria, Metropolitan Juvenaly, co-served by the clergy of the Bulgarian courtyard in Moscow, celebrated a memorial service for the slain soldiers who died for the liberation of Bulgaria from the Ottoman yoke.

In December 1992, the chapel was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church and assigned to the Nikolo-Kuznetsky Church.

Monument to Marshal Zhukov

The monument to Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov is located in Moscow on Manezhnaya Square and was opened on May 8, 1995 in honor of the 50th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. The author of the monument is V. M. Klykov. The sculpture is an equestrian statue, made in the style of socialist realism, mounted on a pedestal of red granite.

Initially, when the project was developed in 1993, the monument was planned to be placed on Red Square. According to V.M. Klykov, Red Square was the only possible place to install a monument to the hero. However, due to the fact that Red Square is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, it was later decided to install the sculpture on Manezhnaya Square on the opposite side of the State Historical Museum.

Monument to Yuri Dolgoruky

The monument to Yuri Dolgoruky was erected during the celebration of the 800th anniversary of Moscow. The monument is one of the symbols of Moscow, because it was Yuri Dolgoruky, the founder of Moscow, who wrote the words: “Come to me, brother, in Moscow.”

The monument was erected by the best masters: Orlov, Stamm, Antropov and Andreeva, and Orlov even received the Stalin Prize for his project.

The monument amazes with its finely crafted details: canoe, aventail, shishak, and the ancient sign of Moscow on the shield. The pedestal depicts a basilisk, a griffin, and the birds Sirin and Phoenix. Since no portrait images of the prince have survived, the monument represents a general image of Russian warrior horsemen.

Today people gather at the monument to hold official events related to the celebration of City Day. In 2005, in winter, a Santa Claus costume was put on the monument, which greatly amused residents and guests of the capital.

Monument "Make Way for Ducklings"

The "Make Way for the Ducklings" monument is an exact replica of the Boston monument. It was installed in a Moscow park in 1991, opposite the Novodevichy Convent.

The sculptural composition was created by Nancy Shen, taking the plot from an old fairy tale, which was written for American children by Robert McCloskey. The fairy tale tells how a mother duck, meeting many people, is looking for a safe place for her little children.

The Moscow monument appeared in Russia as a sign of good relations between the USA and the USSR. Raisa Gorbacheva, who was in Boston at that time, really liked the monument, so Barbara Bush gave her such a gift.

This monument, like many others, was quickly plundered by vandals immediately after its installation. Later the monument was restored.

Monument to Tsiolkovsky

The monument to K. E. Tsiolkovsky, the great pioneer of astronautics, was erected in the park in the summer of 2008 next to the street named in his honor.

This is the third monument in Moscow dedicated to the great scientist. The first two monuments are located on the Alley of Cosmonauts and on Leningradsky Prospekt. Also, his monuments can be found in other cities of Russia, including in the cradle of astronautics - Kaluga.

The monument to Tsiolkovsky was erected with funds raised by local residents. N.A. Ivanov worked on the sculpture, who cast an extremely elegant and beautiful image of the scientist from marble, evoking a lot of emotions among passers-by.

Monument to Yuri Nikulin

One of the favorite monuments in Moscow is a monument to the artist, the most famous clown Yuri Nikulin. The monument is located on Tsvetnoy Boulevard, so there are always a lot of children near it, because here is the dear brainchild of Yuri Nikulin - the circus, which bears his name. After all, Yuri Vladimirovich Nikulin gave fifty years of his life to the circus.

At first he worked as a simple clown, was always a favorite of children and adults, then became a circus director. The monument to the great clown appeared in Moscow on September 3, 2000. The author of the monument was the sculptor Alexander Rukavishnikov. Yuri Nikulin stands by the bronze convertible from the film “Prisoner of the Caucasus.”

The entire sculpture weighs about three and a half tons. The convertible was cast in the city of Minsk, and the figure of the artist was cast in Italy. All funds for the production of a rather expensive monument were allocated by the Yuri Nikulin Circus.

Monument to Alexander II Moscow

In Moscow, near the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, there is a monument to the Russian Emperor Alexander II, whom the people nicknamed the Liberator. In people's memory, his name is associated with the abolition of serfdom in 1861, although it was just one of the reforms aimed at modernizing the country.

Monument to Kutuzov near the Panorama Museum "Battle of Borodino"

In Moscow, on the square near the Battle of Borodino panorama museum, a monumental monument to M. I. Kutuzov, the great commander, hero of the Patriotic War of 1812, was erected. Its opening took place on July 6, 1973, and was timed to coincide with the 160th anniversary of the death of Kutuzov. The author of the project was the famous sculptor N.V. Tomsky.

The monument is a huge rectangular granite pedestal, on top of which is a bronze statue of Kutuzov, he gracefully sits on a war horse. In Kutuzov’s entire appearance one can feel calm and confidence in complete victory over the enemy. This bronze sculpture rises above a monumental group of 27 figures positioned to the sides and rear on smaller plinths.

The figures that surround the main pedestal are divided into three groups. On the left side there are sculptures of the heroic military leaders of the Patriotic War of 1812 Bagration, Barclay de Tolly, Dokhturov, Platov, Tuchkov, Raevsky, Ermolov, Kutaisov, Neverovsky, Likhachev, Konovnitsyn. All of them are in military costumes with epaulettes and cloaks, and cocked hats on their heads. On the right side there are soldiers, as if they are about to rush into battle, the first drummer, followed by the standard bearer, the rest with guns and sabers. There are also inscriptions with names under them. In the background are partisans, people from the common people, armed with pitchforks and clubs, among them there is a woman. There is a commemorative inscription in the center of the monument.

Monument to participants of the Great Patriotic War from grateful descendants

This stele was installed in 2001 in front of the facade of the Avangard cinema on Kashirskoye Shosse. The order for its installation was signed by the mayor of Moscow, in order to perpetuate the memory of 1941-1945. in the Orekhov-Borisov Yuzhnoye area. On the base of the monument are carved the names of local residents who died on the fronts of the Second World War.

Monument "Kakhovka"

In an allegorical form, without any chronological specification, the theme of the Civil War is embodied in a decorative sculptural composition installed in front of the Odessa cinema on Kakhovka Street. Before us is a lyrical-romantic image, certainly inspired by the famous and very popular song of the revolutionary years “Kakhovka, Kakhovka...” - a slender figure of a girl in a Red Army uniform, with a swift wave raising her arms with a rifle. The heroic pathos of the pose is, as it were, “softened”, romanticized by details (lush braids, a fluttering scarf, flowers clutched in hands along with a weapon). The bronze figure on a pedestal lined with gray granite tiles is small in size, but, being installed on a fairly significant natural elevation, it gives the impression of a kind of “mini-monument”. This is facilitated by strong, voluminous plasticity, proportional harmony, the composition characteristic of monumental sculpture, and the obvious internal significance of the image.

Monument to the heroism and valor of the Black Sea sailors

The monument to the heroism and valor of the Black Sea sailors was erected at the intersection of Sevastopolsky and Nakhimovsky avenues, near building No. 24 B. The monument was opened in September 2003, on the eve of the celebration of the 220th anniversary of the Black Sea Fleet.

Monument to Alexander II

The monument to Alexander II is located on Volkhonka Street, 13. The sculpture stands on a granite pedestal, which lists all the tsar’s services to Russia.

Tsar Alexander II achieved the abolition of serfdom, carried out military and judicial reforms, introduced a system of local self-government, ended the Caucasian War, etc.

The sculpture of Alexander II is the embodiment of courage, patriotism, simplicity and wisdom. What a pity that not all of the tsar’s ideas were able to come true - Alexander, at the age of 63, died from a bomb that was planted by Grinevitsky.

The image of the emperor is executed superbly - the gaze of Alexander II is directed towards the Orthodox church, the king offers a prayer for the fatherland and for the people, full of faith and hope. Behind the back of the sculpture there is a colonnade that invites you to enter the abode of the Holy Spirit. On both sides of the monument there are lions, symbolizing the royal fortitude, power and dignity of Emperor Alexander II.

Monument to Lesya Ukrainka

On the occasion of City Day in Moscow in 2006, a new monument was unveiled to the great poetess Lesya Ukrainka. The monument became a decoration of the Ukrainian Boulevard, connecting the space in front of one of the most beautiful high-rise buildings in Moscow - the Ukraine Hotel - and the square in front of the Kievsky railway station.

The monument to Lesya Ukrainka is filled with a lyrical mood. Under the shade of a golden tree, a young poetess listens to the singing of a bird, an open book in her hand. The authors of the architectural and sculptural ensemble are E.G. Rozanov, A.N. Burganov, I.A. Burganov, I.A. Golubeva.

Monument to Druzhba cheesecake

The monument to Druzhba cheese curd appeared in September 2005, in Moscow, on Rustaveli Street. The opening of the monument was timed to coincide with the Second Moscow Cheese Festival. Thus, the Karat plant, which produces these products, decided to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the start of production of Druzhba cheese.

The composition is represented by famous characters from Krylov’s fable “The Crow and the Fox” and, as if reconciling them, a huge cheese of a famous brand.

Of the proposed projects (more than 150), this one was chosen by the competent jury. The monument was made by sculptors - father and son Shcherbakovs, and the authors of the project were artist Marina Leskova and professor Alexey Semenov. The plant paid 500 thousand dollars for the construction of the monument itself.

Soon after the opening of the monument, the newlyweds began to go to the monument on their wedding day to keep their family strong and friendly. And the plant, in turn, presented the happy couples with a basket of cheese.

Monument to Karl Marx

Monument to Karl Marx in Moscow is a sculptural monument made of gray granite, erected in honor of the founder of Marxism, leader of the international communist movement Karl Marx in Moscow on Teatralnaya Square. Sculptor - Lev Kerbel, architects - R. A. Begunts, N. A. Kovalchuk, V. G. Makarevich, V. M. Morgulis. Opened on October 29, 1961.

Monument to Emperor Peter I and physician N.L. Bidloo

An interesting monument was erected on the territory of the Burdenko military hospital in Moscow in 2008. Standing nearby are two famous personalities - Tsar Peter the Great and his personal physician, physician Nikolai Bidlow. It was these two people who became the founders of the Moscow hospital in 1707. The monument depicts the scene when Peter the Great, together with Bidlow, decided on the construction of a hospital. It was Nikolai Bidlow, appointed by Peter the Great to the position of doctor at the new hospital, who became the founder of clinical medicine in Russia. His name appears in the formation of the first apothecary garden and anatomical theater. A school was established at the hospital, where already in 1712 Nicholas Bidlow issued the first medical diplomas.

Monument to Leonov on the Walk of Fame of Russian Cinema

The monument to actor Yevgeny Leonov is located on the Walk of Fame of Russian Cinema, in the park opposite the Mosfilm studio, where many famous films with his participation were shot.

The actor died in 1994, and seven years later, in 2001, a monument was erected almost in the center of the Alley, depicting the actor in one of his most famous roles - in the image of the Associate Professor from the film “Gentlemen of Fortune”. The opening took place during the Moscow Film Festival.

The authors of the monument managed to very accurately convey the appearance of a funny character, beloved by more than one generation of moviegoers - even the tattoos on his hands were reproduced. And there is a popular belief: if you hold Leonov’s finger and make a wish, it will definitely come true.

Square near the monument to P. Melnikov

Once upon a time here, in the center of Komsomolskaya Square, next to the tram tracks, there was an ordinary lawn...

But simultaneously with the opening of the monument to P. Melnikov in 2003, the ensemble of the monument was created, which represents a single architectural and artistic complex. It includes a public garden, a fountain (unnamed) and bas-reliefs on the sides of the public garden with maps of Russia. On one bas-relief there is a map with the only, first railway in Russia, and on the second there is a map of Russia with a network of railways (apparently, what was created during the management of Melnikov’s Department of Railways).

Monument to Patriarch Ermogen

The monument to Patriarch Hermogenes is a bronze sculpture installed on May 25, 2013 in the Alexander Garden of Moscow on the initiative of the Russian Orthodox Church and Patriarch of All Rus' Kirill, in memory of the second Patriarch of All Rus' Hermogenes, who lived in the 16th century.

The opening was attended by Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Rus', Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem, Metropolitan Cornelius, head of the Old Believer Church, as well as the clergy of Moscow. During the opening, Easter chants and “proclamations of prosperity to the entire Russian people” were heard.

A four-meter bronze figure of the patriarch is placed on a marble pedestal. On the sides of the pedestal there are bronze bas-reliefs, one of which depicts the scene of the election of Mikhail Romanov as Tsar of All Rus', the second - the scene of the expulsion of the boyars by Hermogenes, asking for his blessing to become allegiance to the Polish prince Vladislav. The composition of the creative team that worked on the monument is listed on the back side of the monument. Behind the monument, on a separate pedestal, there is an inscription telling the story of its creation.

Monument to Vasily Bazhenov and Matvey Kazakov

The monument depicting two famous Russian architects involved in the construction of the palace in Tsaritsyno in conversation was opened on the day of the city on September 1, 2007 and at the same time on the opening day of the restored Tsaritsyno museum-estate. Bronze toned sculptures look elegant and stylish. Nevertheless, this monument has already acquired a somewhat curious fame.

The fact is that Vasily Bazhenov began to build a palace for Empress Catherine II. But the reigning lady did not like his project, and Matvey Kazakov was entrusted with finishing the construction. It is unlikely that in such circumstances the architects spent their time in conversations. Sculptor Leonid Baranov evasively explains his plan as a dramatic conflict in the transfer of the project from hand to hand: “Bazhenov is retiring, and Kazakov is taking his place.”

Monument to Mikhail Sholokhov

The sculpture includes two compositional parts. In the foreground we see Sholokhov sitting in a boat. The bronze figure is mounted on a stone simulating a water surface. In the background, behind the person sitting, red and white horses blur, symbolizing the split of Russia. According to Rukavishnikov, both white and red horses are sailing “to nowhere.”

An interesting creative solution was also found in the location of the monument in the landscape. From the monument itself, in the direction of the pedestrian alley, a paved diagonal strip is laid, leading to a granite bench, which constitutes the architectural unity of the sculpture and the surrounding space.

Monument to Andrey Rublev

Andrei Rublev, a Russian icon painter and master of monumental painting, was canonized in 1988. Shortly before this event, in 1985, a monument to this great artist was erected at the entrance to the territory of the Museum of Ancient Russian Art.

The location of the monument was not chosen by chance. In the 14th century, within the walls of today’s museum was the Spaso-Andronikov Monastery, in which the famous icon painter served as a monk, creating wall frescoes and icons. It was here that Rublev was buried under the bell tower.

The sculpture is made of bronze and depicts Rublev at work. Currently, the museum houses works by the icon painter, restored by museum staff. Today, the museum’s collection is constantly being replenished with ancient icons, which are collected from all over the country.

Monument to P.M. Tretyakov

The monument to philanthropist Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov was unveiled on April 29, 1980 in front of the Tretyakov Gallery, which he founded on May 28, 1856. Sculptor A.P. Kibalnikov, architect I.E. Rozhin. Granite monument to P.M. To Tretyakov, the work performed by the master looks very lively, as if he is the eternal director of the gallery named after the Tretyakov brothers, who, although he does not participate in meetings and does not resolve current issues, is present here and for all employees is, as it were, a senior comrade.

Monument to Peter I on the Moscow River

The monument “In commemoration of the 300th anniversary of the Russian fleet” is located on the spit of the Moscow River on the Crimean embankment. The total height of the monument is 98 meters, the highest in Russia and one of the highest sculptural monuments in the world.

The monument is a pillar on a granite base, which is crowned by a giant bronze sailboat, on which the figure of Peter I is installed, and fountains are built into the base of the pedestal.

Monument to Minin and Pozharsky

The monument to Minin and Pozharsky is a bronze sculptural group located in front of St. Basil's Cathedral on Red Square in Moscow. Dedicated to Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky, leaders of the second people's militia during the Polish intervention in the Time of Troubles and the victory over Poland in 1612. The monument was created by sculptor Ivan Martos in 1818.

This is the best creation of I. P. Martos, the sculptor embodied in it the ideals of civil patriotism. The master depicted the moment when Kuzma Minin, pointing his hand towards Moscow, hands Prince Pozharsky an ancient sword and calls on him to lead the Russian army. Leaning on the shield, the wounded governor rises, which symbolizes the awakening of the people's will at a difficult moment for the homeland.

Monument to Repin

The monument to Ilya Efimovich Repin, opened in 1958, was erected in the center of Moscow, not far from the treasury of painting - the Tretyakov Gallery, on Bolotnaya Square, which previously bore the name of this outstanding Russian artist.

The artist’s canvases are valued all over the world, and in Russia every schoolchild is familiar with his work.

The monument to Repin was created from bronze by sculptor Matvey Genrikhovy Manizer and is located on a high granite pedestal in a picturesque park. He represents the figure of an artist captured in a creative setting: with an inspired look, brush and palette in his hands, he seems to see a new image that he is ready to capture on an empty canvas.

Monument to Pushkin and Goncharova on Old Arbat

One of the most romantic monuments of modern Moscow, opened in 1999 on the 175th anniversary of the wedding of Pushkin and Goncharova. The sculptural composition captured in bronze the famous poet and his lovely wife at the very beginning of their love.

The monument, which is a sculptural group of two figures on a granite pedestal, was installed near the memorial apartment of A.S. Pushkin on Old Arbat, and it seems that the young couple came out to meet the guests. The authors of the monument are Alexander Burganov and Igor Burganov (their museum is also located nearby), the architects are E. Rozanova and A. Kuzmina.

The high artistic merits of the sculpture were repeatedly noted by the descendants of A.S. Pushkin, guests and residents of the capital.

Monument to Oil Soldiers

The monument to oil workers who fell during the Great Patriotic War is located in Moscow, Russia. This memorial was erected in 1975, in honor of the 30th anniversary of the victory of the Soviet Union over the fascist invaders.

The monument is a long spire with a five-pointed star on the base, made of decorative stone, near which there is a 4-meter pedestal with a memorial table. On a pedestal, on one knee, stands a stone warrior-oil worker, and on both his hands lies a hook, a tool of oil producers.

Every year, on Victory Day, veterans gather here to honor the memory of the fallen, and patriotic rallies are also held.

Foundation stone for the monument to Kharlamov

The ceremony of laying the foundation stone for the future monument to the legendary Soviet hockey player and forward Valery Kharlamov took place on the territory of the Luzhniki Olympic complex on the Walk of Fame on Sunday.

Monument to B. Okudzhava on Arbat

The monument to the poet Bulat Okudzhava was erected in 2002 in the center of Moscow, on the corner of Arbat and Plotnikov Lane. Its authors were sculptor Georgiy Frangulyan and architects Igor Popov and Valentin Proshlyakov. The place for the monument was not chosen by chance - the poet lived in house No. 43 on Arbat for a long time, he dedicated his famous lines “Ah, Arbat, my Arbat, you are my Fatherland...” to this street.

The authors of the monument tried to recreate a piece of the old Arbat courtyard using artistic means. The monument includes two bronze arches symbolizing the gateway, two benches, a figure of Bulat Okudzhava approximately 2.5 meters high, his bronze shadow extending into the courtyard, and a living tree. The poet’s sculpture is very dynamic: it seems that Okudzhava is sweepingly striding towards passers-by.

The monument was inaugurated on May 9, and this date was not chosen by chance. Firstly, it was the poet’s birthday, and secondly, it was Victory Day, in the name of which Okudzhava volunteered for the front in 1942 at the age of 17.

Songs based on Okudzhava’s poems are heard in more than eighty films, and the song from the film “Belorussky Station” has become a real anthem for front-line soldiers.

Monument to I.A. Krylov on Patriarch's Ponds

In the park on the Patriarch's Ponds there is a monument to the Russian poet and fabulist I.A. Krylov, which was installed in 1976.

The monument project was developed and implemented by sculptors A.A. Drevin, D.Yu. Mitlyansky and architect A.G. Chaltykyan.

Monument to Vladimir Zvorykin

A monument to the inventor of television, Russian and American engineer Vladimir Zvorykin, was unveiled in Moscow on the day of the inventor’s 125th birthday. “V. Zvorykin - Inventor of Television”, the work of sculptor Sergei Goryaev and architect Alexei Tikhonov, was installed near the Ostankino pond next to the television center.

Moscow is one of the oldest cities in Russia. Throughout its history, it has repeatedly resisted hordes of enemies and been plundered or burned. Great people were born here, world-scale events took place. Even listing them briefly would take many days. Therefore, it is best to get acquainted with the history of Moscow through visiting its sights and monuments. After all, monuments are designed to perpetuate the memory of certain people and events that left the greatest imprint on history.

Famous monuments of Moscow

1. At the top of the ranking is the Kremlin. It is located in the center of the capital. The vast majority of excursions start here. To maintain its appearance regularly.
2. Next to the Kremlin is Red Square. Previously, there was a busy intersection here, connecting roads from nearby settlements. Rich merchants and nobles built around the tract, so there are architecturally beautiful buildings here.
3. Additionally, it is worth including the Grand Kremlin Palace; Senate Palace and Spasskaya Tower. The latter is equipped with a watch with an atomic mechanism, so all residents of the country rely on it.

Cultural monuments of the capital

Famous Moscow monuments dedicated to the cultural side of the capital's life are listed below:

1. The monument to Prince Yuri Dolgoruky, the founder of Moscow, located on Tverskaya Square. At one time, he founded a settlement with one church. Over the next years, it grew to the size of a city and became the capital, first of Muscovite Rus', and later of the entire Russian Empire.
2. Monument to Cyril and Methodius on Tverskaya Square. Thanks to them, writing appeared in Rus', which became a huge impetus for the development of the entire state.
3. Monument to Alexander Suvorov on Suvorov Square. Thanks to his wisdom and ingenuity, Russia has such a huge area and weight in the world.
4. Triumphal gate in honor of “Victoria” M.I. Kutuzov by Napoleon's troops. Interesting fact: the monument was moved 3 times. First it was placed on Tverskaya Square, then it was moved to Kutuzovsky Prospekt, and only later it found a residence permit on Victory Square.
5. GUM is an important monument of the USSR era. Became the first hypermarket in the Soviet Union. The facade of the building faces Red Square.
6. The list is completed by a monument to the great singer Vladimir Vysotsky, erected on Strastnoy Boulevard.

Naturally, the list is incomplete. It reflects our memory and the greatness of Russia.

The most famous Moscow monuments in the world

The capital is rich in monuments that are valued all over the world:

1. Monument to Minin and Pozharsky on Red Square. In times of troubles, they gathered a militia of townspeople and peasants, which liberated Moscow from the Polish occupiers.
2. “Worker and Kolkhoz Woman” is a symbol of communism. It is known and appreciated by countries that are still following the communist path of development.
3. Significant from the point of view of Orthodoxy are the Arkhangelsk, Annunciation and Kazan cathedrals.
4. Tsar Bell and Tsar Cannon.
5. The monument to Georgy Zhukov, as the leading commander of the Great Patriotic War, stands on Manezhnaya Square.

The largest monuments in the capital

We conclude our acquaintance with Moscow monuments with a story about the largest:

1. Monument to Peter I (height - 98 m) on the Moscow River.
2. Memorial in honor of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War on Poklonnaya Hill, (141 m).
3. Monument to Yuri Gagarin (42 m) - the first cosmonaut, erected on Leninsky Prospekt.

In the article above we touched on the description of part of the architectural heritage of Moscow. Monuments left outside the scope of the material are worthy of being included here.

When a person realized himself as a creator and he acquired the talent to depict using various materials, he embodied this skill in sculptural art. We can only admire the fruits of human creation and praise the most famous monuments of the world, which we will happily do in this article. Next, we will talk about the most popular and exciting monuments, which to this day attract millions of eyes of tourists from all over the world.

Sphinx (Gizeh, Egypt)

This mysterious monument raises more questions than it answers. Many scientists around the world are still at a loss and cannot understand how people could create such a monumental creation around 2400 BC. There is an opinion that a man with the body of a lion is the embodiment and symbol of the reign of the ancient pharaoh Khafre. In a completely unimaginable way, the Egyptians managed to carve a sculpture 20 meters high and 72 meters long from limestone rock. But the main secret is hidden in the name of the sculpture - Sphinx. Scientists have calculated that the word “Sphinx” itself is of Greek origin, and it was assigned to the monument long after its construction.

Jesus Christ the Redeemer (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

The monument to Jesus Christ the Redeemer has long become the hallmark of the Brazilian capital, Rio de Janeiro, and the constant main symbol for the Brazilians themselves. The monument achieved such an amazing bonding effect because of the unity of the citizens of Brazil, who donated their hard-earned money to finance its creation. Thus, Brazil's largest charitable project managed to collect 2.5 million flights, for which the 38-meter monument was built. Work on the monument to Jesus Christ the Redeemer lasted ten years from 1921 to 1931. Now this monument is not only a symbol of the country for Brazilians, but also the most impressive sculptural creation of humanity, which millions of tourists from different parts of the world come to see with their own eyes.

Genghis Khan (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia)

A fifty-meter high monument depicting Genghis Khan was built near the desert of Ulaanbaatar, which is located in Mongolia. The pedestal of this giant monument is surrounded by 36 strong columns and houses not only one of the largest historical museums in Mongolia, but also an entertainment complex for tourists. The monument is of significant historical character for the people of Mongolia. The monument itself was built relatively recently, already in the 21st century, but thanks to its impressive scale and excellent quality of workmanship, it has gained great popularity among tourists and has already been included in the list of the most famous monuments in the world.

Buddha (Leshan, China)

The Leshan Buddha Monument is one of the oldest and main monuments dedicated to the Buddhist religion. The Leshan Buddha sculpture was built in 713 AD. The gigantic 70-meter tall Buddha figure is hard to miss, because the monument is carved right in the middle of the rock in Mount Lingyunshan. This world monument was created over the course of 90 long years and was revealed to people only in the 17th century, after the temple on the river bank near the rock was completely destroyed.

Statue of Liberty (New York, USA)

Few people know that the famous American symbol of freedom in New York is not at all the work of Americans. The Statue of Liberty is only a gift to the entire American people from the French government in honor of the centenary of the signing and proclamation of the US Declaration of Independence. The 93-meter-long Statue of Liberty, located near Manhattan, is not only the personification of will and democracy, but also a symbol of human rights and the rule of law.

Motherland on Mamayev Kurgan (Volgograd, Russia)

Perhaps the main and most significant monument in Russia, built in honor of the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad on Mamayev Kurgan. The monument represents the Motherland, which calls its sons into battle against the ruthless enemies. That's why her mouth is open. The Motherland is one of the most complex monuments in the world in terms of technical calculations regarding stability and reliability. The monument is a brilliant creation of the monumental sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich.

Moai stone statues (Easter Island, Chile)

Reaching up to 9 meters in length, these famous Easter Island stone statues, along with the Egyptian Sphinx, are among the most mysterious monuments in the world. In total, there are 887 statues on the Chilean island, many of which were not even completed. All the statues were made between the mid-11th and 14th centuries. That is why the statues are made in four completely different styles. And the later the statue was built, the more complex it was made. Scientists around the world are still arguing among themselves over how such heavy statues were moved and placed in the right places.

Of course, there are still a huge number of monuments around the world, but believe me, the monuments listed above are the most famous monuments, which we wish every person on Earth to see with their own eyes.

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Places where every cultured person dreams of visiting.

Experts from the world's largest travel site TripAdvisor have compiled a ranking of 25 cultural sites that were most highly rated by tourists from around the globe.

In general, if you have not yet decided on your vacation plans, in this review website you can find some great ideas. For the next 25 holidays.

1. Machu Picchu, Peru

Machu Picchu, recognized as one of the New Wonders of the World, is located in modern Peru, on the top of a mountain range at an altitude of 2450 meters above sea level. It is called the “city in the sky” or “city among the clouds”, sometimes called the “lost city of the Incas”. Some archaeologists believe that the city was created as a sacred mountain retreat by the great Inca ruler Pachacutec around 1440, and functioned until 1532, when the Spanish invaded the Inca Empire. In 1532, all its inhabitants mysteriously disappeared.

2. Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque is one of the six largest mosques in the world. Named after Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan al-Nahyan, the founder and first president of the United Arab Emirates. Unlike many other Muslim temples, everyone is allowed into it, regardless of faith.

3. Taj Mahal, Agra, India

The Taj Mahal Mausoleum is one of the most recognizable landmarks not only in India but throughout the world. The structure was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal, who died during childbirth. The Taj Mahal is considered one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and also a symbol of eternal love.

4. Mezquita, Cordoba, Spain

Walls decorated with intricate patterns, mosaic ornaments, hundreds of thin openwork columns - this is how the Cathedral Mosque of Cordoba appears today. Many centuries ago, there was an ancient Roman temple on this site, then it was replaced by a Visigothic church, and in 785 the Mezquita appeared. It became the second most important mosque on the planet, and the pilgrimage to Cordoba was even equated to the obligatory hajj to Mecca for every Muslim. But then the Catholics replaced the Moors, and Mezquita was turned into a Christian temple.

5. St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican, Italy

The heart of the Vatican and the entire Catholic world, St. Peter's Basilica is one of the main attractions of Rome. Here you can view ancient Rome from a bird's eye view, admire the interior of the cathedral from the top of the dome, celebrate Mass and even receive the blessing of the pontiff.

6. Angkor Wat, Siem Reap, Cambodia

The Cambodian temple Angkor Wat is the largest religious building ever created, the history of which goes back almost 9 centuries. Even its name speaks about the monumentality of the temple complex, because Angkor Wat literally translates as Temple City. It covers an area of ​​200 hectares and is surrounded by a moat 190 meters wide. This colossal structure is dedicated to the god Vishnu, revered in this area.

7. Bayon Temple Complex, Siem Reap, Cambodia

Bayon is one of the most amazing temples located on the territory of Angkor Thom and was its religious center. The “highlight” of Bayon are the towers with many faces carved from stone, silently looking from above over the vast territory of Angkor Thom, and during the heyday of the state, over the entire Khmer Empire. Initially, there were 54 towers, which symbolized the 54 provinces under the rule of the king. Today, only about 37 towers remain.

8. Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ on the Blood, St. Petersburg, Russia

The Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ, better known as the Church of the Savior on Blood, became the only Russian attraction on Trip Advisor's list. The Savior on Spilled Blood attracts tourists from all over the world not only with the splendor of its domes and interiors, but also with its unusual history, which has given rise to many legends and speculations. Many of them are related to the fact that the temple was erected on the spot where on March 1, 1881, the Narodnaya Volya member I. Grinevitsky mortally wounded Alexander II, who was popularly called the Tsar Liberator for the abolition of serfdom.

9. Gettysburg National Military Park, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

10. Walls of the old city, Dubrovnik, Croatia

In 1979, UNESCO declared Dubrovnik's Old Town a World Heritage Site, including a significant portion of the city's ancient walls. They surround the city on all four sides and contain a venerable collection of historical monuments, including towers, fortresses, churches, monasteries, squares and streets, schools, museums and galleries. Built for defensive purposes, these stone walls have protected its citizens since the founding of Dubrovnik in the 6th century.

11. Shwedagon Pagoda, Yangon, Myanmar

Shwedagon Pagoda is the tallest spiritual building in Myanmar, or, as it is also called, the Land of Pagodas. The entire complex of the giant pagoda occupies more than five hectares of land, on which, in addition to the main structure, there are many smaller spiers and countless sculptures of mythical and real animals : golden griffins and elephants, dragons and lions. The Shwedagon Pagoda became what it is today in the 15th century, during the reign of Queen Shinsobu. It was then that the gigantic temple was finally given the shape of an inverted begging bowl and sheathed in gold from top to bottom.

12. Lincoln Memorial and Reflecting Pool, Washington, DC

The Lincoln Memorial is a majestic temple made in the ancient Greek style and somewhat reminiscent of the Parthenon. It is supported by 36 white marble columns, representing the number of states that belonged to the United States at the time of President Lincoln's death. In the center of the temple is a statue of the world's most respected American president sitting in a chair. Its height is 5.79 meters.

13. Ancient City of Petra, Petra/Wadi Musa, Jordan

In the very heart of Jordan, in the Wadi Musa valley, deep in the sandy mountains, there is the most amazing ancient city of Petra. Petra was originally a temporary refuge for the nomadic Nabatean tribes. From several fortified rock caves, it gradually grew into a large fortified city. There is only one way to get to the city - through the narrow Siq gorge, which was once the bed of a mountain stream. Petra still belongs to the Bedouins, who warmly welcome guests to their land.

14. Section of the Great Wall of China Mutianyu, Beijing, China

On no other section of the Great Wall of China were restoration work carried out as well as on the Mutianyu section. This site, with 22 watchtowers that have retained their original appearance, is a true architectural masterpiece. The phrase Mutianyu from Chinese is translated as “a valley in which you can admire the views of the fields.” Among all the sections of the Great Wall of China, Mutianyu is the longest fully restored section open to tourists.

15. Ancient city of Ephesus, Selcuk, Türkiye

The largest and best-preserved ancient city on the Aegean Sea and the second most important after Pompeii in the Mediterranean, ancient Ephesus is the most visited attraction in Turkey. Legends connect the appearance of the city with the name of Androcles, the son of the ruler of Athens, Codra, who, on the advice of an oracle, arrived in these places to found the temple of Artemis. The city got its name from the Amazon Ephesia, Androcles' lover.

16. Alhambra, Spain

The Alhambra (Arabic: Al Hamra - literally "Red Castle") is an ancient palace and fortress of the Moorish rulers of the province of Granada in southern Spain. The castle occupies the top of a rocky plateau on the southeastern border of Granada. The name Alhambra probably comes from the color of the sun-dried clay or bricks from which the castle walls are made. However, some historians suggest that the name came from the “red flame of torches” that illuminated the many years of construction of the castle, which went on around the clock.

17. Australian War Memorial, Canberra, Australia

The Australian War Memorial is the main memorial dedicated to the memory of soldiers killed during the First and Second World Wars. Today it is considered one of the most significant monuments of its kind in the world. The memorial is located near the Parliament building, from the balcony of which a 360-degree panorama of the monument opens.

18. Siena Cathedral, Siena, Italy

According to the chronicles, at the beginning of the 13th century, the inhabitants of the city-state of Siena, which acted as the main competitor and adversary of Florence, “called upon their leaders to build a temple more magnificent than that of their neighbors.” So, between 1215 and 1263, on the site of the old temple, the Duomo of Siena was founded according to the plan of the Gothic master Niccolò Pisano. Today this majestic temple is the main attraction of the city.

19. Milan Cathedral (Duomo), Milan, Italy

The most important place in Milan is the Cathedral of Santa Maria Nascente (Duomo), a pearl of Italian Gothic architecture, which was built from 1386 to the beginning of the 19th century. The third largest Catholic church on the planet can easily be considered one of the wonders of the world. Its hundred-meter spiers tower over the center of Milan, and the golden statue of the Madonna on the longest spire (four meters high) is visible from many areas of the city.

22. Christ the Redeemer Statue, Rio de Janeiro

The Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro is one of the most famous and popular monuments in the world. Every year, millions of tourists rise to its foot, from where a stunning panorama of the city and bay opens with the picturesque Sugar Loaf Mountain, the famous beaches of Copacabana and Ipanema, and the huge bowl of the Maracana stadium.

23. Teotihuacan, San Juan Teotihuacan, Mexico

The name of the ancient settlement of Teotihucan is translated from the Aztec language as “the city where people become gods.” According to legend, after the Great Flood, the gods returned to Teotihuacan to re-create the world. Modern researchers believe that the area of ​​this ancient settlement was 26-28 square kilometers, and the population was about 200 thousand people. It is one of the oldest and largest cities in the Western Hemisphere, the exact age of which is still unknown.

Hundreds of applications were received from Russian regions for the competition. Until September 29, 2013, site visitors 10russia.ru will determine the winners. It is planned that the objects that receive the most votes will be recreated in miniature in the Rossiya landscape park in the Moscow region. “AiF” took a closer look at some contenders for victory.

Kizhi (1)

Historical, cultural and natural complex. The basis of the museum collection is the ensemble of the Kizhi churchyard. It consists of two churches and a bell tower of the 18th-19th centuries, surrounded by a single fence. The Transfiguration Church was cut down without nails, using an ax and a chisel. The churchyard and the buildings of the museum exhibition are exceptional examples of traditional wooden architecture of Karelia and the north of Russia in general.

Lake Baikal (3)

The largest reservoir of fresh water on the planet, the deepest lake in the world. The area is comparable to Belgium. More than 1 thousand local species of plants and animals are found nowhere else.

Naryn-Kala (5)

A fortress in the most ancient city of Russia - Derbent. Its walls were rebuilt several times, but overall its appearance was preserved. On the territory there are the remains of an ancient Christian temple, an underground prison, a bath system, and the oldest mosque.

Mamayev Kurgan (7)

The memorial is dedicated to the heroes. The remains of 34,505 defenders are buried in the hill, and there are also 35 tombstones of Heroes of the Soviet Union. Statue “The Motherland Calls!” recognized as one of the seven wonders of Russia.

Valley of Geysers (8)

One of the largest geyser fields in the world, the only one in Eurasia. Located on the site of a disappeared lake. There are more than 20 geysers in total. Due to its inaccessibility and nature reserve regime, only a few thousand people a year visit the valley.

According to the Russian Geographical Society