The tragic fate of a girl from Hiroshima: How the Japanese legend of a thousand paper cranes made the whole world empathize. Development of the lesson “paper crane - a symbol of hope and peace” What does an origami crane mean?
How to fold a paper crane using the origami technique, master class.
The international symbol of origami is the Japanese paper crane. Any experienced origamist knows its diagram by heart and can easily fold this figure from memory.
The crane is a symbol of happiness and good luck in Japan. This figurine was folded in ancient times. Several ancient sources describe the making of a paper figurine of a crane (Tsuru). The gift of a paper crane was sacred and brought happiness and longevity to the recipient. In 1797, a book appeared in China called “Sembatsuru Orikata” - folding a thousand cranes. The book described various methods of making cranes from a paper square and compositions with them.
There is also one sad legend story associated with the paper crane, which gave it additional meaning and turned it into a sacred bird of the world.
During World War II, there lived a little girl named Sadako Sasaki in Hiroshima. She was born in 1943 and was just a baby when her father and mother were killed in the bombing of Hiroshima. Sadako herself survived, but suffered from radiation sickness. The girl fought the disease as best she could, but she got worse every year.
While lying in the hospital, Sadako folded paper cranes. She believed that if she folded a thousand cranes, her wish would come true. It became more and more difficult to work on the cranes, and, realizing that she would never recover, Sadako began to dream of peace for all the people of the Earth, so that there would be no more wars and innocent people would not die. But she did not have time to make a thousand cranes.
After making 644 cranes, Sadako died of illness in hospital on October 25, 1955. Having learned about this, children from all countries began to send origami paper cranes they had made to Hiroshima in the hope that Sadako’s dream would come true. A monument to Sadako was erected in Japan, and children still send paper cranes to the Peace Museum in Hiroshima as a symbol of peace and memory.
Making a thousand paper cranes is quite difficult. But making one figurine will not be difficult.
So, the diagram for folding a paper crane:
1. Fold a piece of paper in half diagonally
2. Fold in half again
3. Open and flatten the pocket
4-5. Turn the resulting figure over, bend the triangle
6. Open and flatten the second pocket as in step 3.
7. Fold the paper on both sides
8. Bend the triangle down, mark a line and return it to its original position
9. Bend down the side triangles
10. Pull up one layer of paper, bending the figure along the outlined lines
11-12. Turn the figure over and repeat steps 7-10
13-14. Bend the bottom triangle and return it to its original position
15. Bend the triangle inward along the marked line
16. Bend the second triangle
One of the most famous origami figures around the world is the classic Japanese crane. Its pattern is so popular that some origamists fold many bird figurines several times. It is believed that if you make a crane at least once, you begin to take the art of origami in general seriously.
Meaning of origami crane
Perhaps the paper crane pattern is one of the oldest, as it was first mentioned in Japanese origami books of the 18th century. The meaning of the origami Japanese crane is interpreted as a wish-granter. Even in those distant times, a legend arose according to which, if you want your most cherished dream to come true, you need to make a thousand birds out of paper. Of particular importance is that the cranes made must be distributed to family and friends. By the way, it is generally recommended to distribute these products to strangers. Such a gift means that the person thereby does 1000 good deeds. So go ahead, towards the fulfillment of your desires.
How to make it yourself
To assemble everyone’s favorite wish granter, you need to carefully study the diagram of how to make an origami crane, which describes in detail all the stages of creating a figurine. You don’t need any additional tools here, just a piece of paper, the main thing is that it is thick.
Making products using this origami technique, if you learn the special symbols used to make sketches of diagrams. So, in order to create such a figurine, you need to take a square sheet of paper.
And fold it diagonally:
The upper triangle must be straightened to form a square.
The corner is straightened back into a square, as follows:
We bend the top layer of the side corners into the middle:
Now we return the corners to their place.
The top layer of the resulting bend turns upward.
Now the workpiece is turned over again and bends are made in the middle.
Nowadays, the legend that cranes made of paper can make a wish come true is known all over the world. But few remember the tragic circumstances under which this legend became publicly known. The atomic bombing of Hiroshima in August 1945 affected tens of thousands of Japanese, including a little girl whose symptoms did not appear until 9 years later. The legend of a thousand paper cranes was her last hope - like many Japanese, she believed that they could fulfill her deepest desire...
When the United States dropped the first atomic bomb in human history on Hiroshima, Sadako Sasaki was only 2 years old. The epicenter of the explosion was two kilometers from her house; the shock wave threw her out of the window, but the girl did not receive any visible injuries. Signs of radiation sickness appeared in her only 9 years later. One day, during a school relay race, Sadako felt unwell, then attacks of dizziness and severe fatigue began to recur more and more often. During a medical examination, it turned out that Sadako had leukemia (blood cancer).
In February 1955, the girl was hospitalized. The doctors' forecasts were disappointing - she had no more than a year to live. Friends often visited her in the hospital, and one day one of them reminded her of an ancient Japanese legend that a thousand paper cranes can bring healing even to a seriously ill person. The fact is that since ancient times the crane in Japan has been considered a symbol of longevity, happiness and selfless help. Even in the Middle Ages, the tradition of making origami - paper figures - became very widespread. One of the simplest was the “tsuru” - crane, since folding it required few operations. Later, a belief arose: if you make a wish and add a thousand tsuru, it will certainly come true.
The legend was interpreted in different ways, calling the crane both a symbol of longevity, and simply a fulfiller of any desires: “ If you fold a thousand paper cranes with love and care, give them to others, and receive a thousand smiles in return, all your wishes will come true" Sadako believed in this legend, a thousand paper cranes became her last hope for healing. According to one version, she managed to collect much more than a thousand cranes; later a legend was born that she only managed to make 644 cranes, since the girl’s strength left her too quickly. On October 25, 1955, Sadako Sasaki died, but her friends completed the paper cranes after her death, and many more than a thousand cranes gathered for her funeral.
Soon the story of the little Japanese woman became known throughout the world. People were amazed by her patience, courage and undying hope. Her name, like the paper crane itself, became a symbol of the struggle for peace and a constant reminder of the terrible consequences of a nuclear explosion. People from all over Japan began to raise funds to erect a monument in memory of Sadako and all those who died after the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
In 1958, a monument depicting Sadako holding a paper crane was erected in the Peace Park in Hiroshima. On the pedestal was written: “This is our cry. This is our prayer. World peace". A monument to the girl also appeared in Peace Park in Seattle (USA). In 1995, the Sadako Peace Garden was opened in Santa Barbara (California, USA). The tragic fate of a little Japanese girl inspired poets, directors, artists and sculptors from all over the world. Sadako’s story became the basis for the plot of the film “Hello, Children!”, filmed in 1962 in the USSR. In 1969, Rasul Gamzatov wrote the poem “Cranes”, which became the text of the song of the same name. Eleanor Coher wrote the book “Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes” in 1977, which was published in 18 countries, and a film was made based on it in the USA.
And today, debate continues about how justified the US actions were in 1945. Many historians believe that the issue of Japan’s surrender was resolved, there was no military need to accelerate events, and the United States carried out bombings for the sole purpose of demonstrating its nuclear power . , do not let us forget about its consequences for all humanity.
Paper cranes would be an unremarkable origami figurine if not for one belief and story associated with it.
Sacred paper figurine
This belief goes deep into the Japanese Middle Ages, when it was popular among the nobility to send notes to each other in the form of folded origami figures. One of the simplest is paper crane or as it is called in Japanese “tsuru”. Folding it requires only twelve operations. At that time in Japan it symbolized longevity and happiness. This is where the belief came from: if you make a thousand tsuru and make a wish, it will definitely come true.
A gifted paper crane was sacred, and it brought good luck and happiness to the person being gifted. In 1917, a book was published in China, the title of which was Sembatsuru Orikata, which means “folding a thousand cranes.” This book discusses various ways of folding a paper crane and variations of its decoration.
Paper crane - a symbol of goodness and peace
The story related to the above belief happened not so long ago.
During World War II, a very little girl, Sadako Sasaki, lived in Hiroshima, Japan.
In 1945, the world's first atomic bomb was dropped on the city. The girl was only a couple of kilometers from the scene of the accident, but did not receive any visible injuries.
She grew up, went to school, played and studied, like all the kids. But nine years after the incident, radiation sickness made itself felt. Doctors diagnosed her with leukemia.
When Sadako was admitted to the hospital, a friend came to her and brought a paper with her. She made a crane out of it and, telling her friend the legend, gave the figurine to her. This figurine became the first of the subsequent thousand cranes of happiness.
The girl believed in the legend, as anyone who wants to live would. She diligently folded the tsuru when she felt better.
But her strength left her every day. She died on October 25, 1955, without having completed a thousand cranes your salvation.
Having learned about this story, children from all over the world began sending figurines of cranes to Hiroshima to finish her work.
This little girl, with all her willpower, became a symbol of protest against the war. She wanted world peace.
Inspired by her courage, Sadako's friends and acquaintances began planning the construction of a monument in memory of herself and the thousands of others who died during the atomic bombing.
The statue depicts Sadako Sasaki with a paper tsuru in her hand. The pedestal reads: “This is our cry, this is our prayer, world peace.”
To this day, children and adults send to the Peace Museum in Hiroshima paper cranes as a symbol of goodness and peace.
student of 2nd grade "A" Popov Artyom"
Download:
Preview:
To use presentation previews, create a Google account and log in to it: https://accounts.google.com
Slide captions:
ORIGAMI JAPANESE CRANE Project work by Artyom Popov, 2nd grade student “A”, GBOU Gymnasium No. 1516 Eastern Administrative Okrug Supervisor: Kuznetsova N.V. Origami master 2011-2012 academic year
SADAKO SASAKI (1943-1955)
Monument to Sadako Sasaki in Hiroshima, Japan
Dedicated to the victims of the atomic bombing
Origami master Nadezhda Viktorovna Kuznetsova
Japanese folk tale
Kencho-ji, the first Zen Buddhist temple in Japan.
The main Shinto shrine of Ise Jingu. Only a select few are allowed to pass through the fences, since the land behind them is considered holy.
The ancient Japanese book "Semba-zuru Orikata" ("Folding of a Thousand Cranes"), written by the monk Rokoan in 1797, contained 49 ways to fold paper cranes, which ended up being joined together.
Classic scheme for making a crane
Circle, triangle, square are symbols of Zen Buddhism, meaning the harmony of the Universe.
Wedding cranes
The crane is a symbol of motherhood
Ancient Japanese book "Semba-zuru orikata" - flowers from cranes "Sakura", "Iris".
Crane and turtle
The design work was completed using books and magazines published in Japan, as well as photographs from various Internet sites. Artyom Popov was assisted by origami master Nadezhda Viktorovna Kuznetsova.
Preview:
When I was five years old, my mother told me a story about a Japanese girl, Sadako Sasaki, who fell ill with radiation sickness. I had a hard time imagining this disease. But I knew that it was incurable. I was amazed by the faith of a twelve-year-old girl in a paper crane that was supposed to help her.
Sadako knew that she needed to fold 1000 cranes and distribute them to her friends, then the disease would subside. Unfortunately, the girl died before all the cranes were made. She managed to make 644 cranes. Now I understand how the cranes distracted Sadako from the thought that nothing could be done to help her. This story shocked the whole world. The Japanese erected a monument to Sadako Sasaki in the city of Hiroshima. Today, on the anniversary of the atomic bombing of the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, all of Japan makes paper cranes and places them at the feet of Sadako Sasaki.
I saw Sadako the crane in the Origami class at our gymnasium, where I have been studying for the second year. The circle is led by origami master Nadezhda Viktorovna Kuznetsova, who has been practicing this art for more than forty years.
Origami awakened my interest in Japan and Japanese culture. I am fascinated by everything connected with this country. Having read a lot of Japanese fairy tales, I fell in love with them just like Russian ones. I found a lot of similarities. I noticed that many Japanese fairy tales feature tsuru, which means "crane" in Japanese. He helps people overcome their life difficulties and gives hope.
Origami was created by the Japanese a long time ago in Shinto and later Buddhist temples. The monks believed that every thing contained the soul of God. Therefore, they folded the paper with such love and presented it to the Deities. In Japanese, "ori" means "paper" and "kami" means "deity".
The crane is a symbol of Japan. “Tsuru” is a wish for happiness, peace, goodness, love and hope. The crane is given at a wedding as a symbol of fidelity. The Japanese also give a crane to a sick person with the hope of a speedy recovery. Thanks to these eternal human values, origami fell in love with the whole world.
To make a crane, you need paper in the shape of a quadrangle, triangle or circle. The quadrilateral, triangle and circle are the symbols of Zen Buddhism, signifying the harmony of the universe.
I made these models with my own hands:
- Great and little cranes are a symbol of motherhood.
Red and white cranes are festive;
- cranes connected by their beaks symbolize love;
- cranes connected by wings are a symbol of a strong family.
Through the crane you can convey different meanings. From five cranes you can make a sakura - a symbol of rebirth, and from three - an iris flower (a symbol of perseverance and courage).
I recently saw a photo of a Shinto shrine in Japan where offerings are made not only to the crane, but also to the turtle. This became for me another unsolved story of this huge world, which I would like to unravel with the help of my teacher Kuznetsova Sensei and present it in my next project work.
