System-vector psychology. Funny nicknames and offensive nicknames: who needs them and why? Offensive and not so nicknames of Russians

How did he get his nickname Judas Maccabee? Judas Maccabee (nicknamed Maccabee from Hebrew means Hammer) is a national hero of the Jewish people. In 167 BC he led a rebellion against the forced Hellenization of the Jews.

Some nicknames even became the official names of peoples in the languages ​​in which they originated. Everything depends on the historical situation that contributed to their emergence, and the further relationships of peoples.

About 1,500 different peoples live on our planet, who have their own individual names that distinguish them from each other. But in addition to official names, many peoples also have nicknames given to them at one time by friends-neighbors or, conversely, by opponents. They are, of course, not mentioned in international treaties and other important documents.

Each of these nicknames, sometimes mockingly playful, sometimes caustically offensive, has its own history and its own destiny. Some of them are known only to historians, while others, on the contrary, exist to this day.

Where did barbarians come from?

The appearance of the first national nicknames dates back to ancient times. Even the ancient Greeks, and later the Romans, used the word “barbarians” in relation to the peoples around them. It was the name given to peoples who belonged to different ethnic groups and spoke different languages: Slavs, Germans, Celts and many others. For Greece and Rome, with their developed culture, these peoples looked very backward. And their language was incomprehensible.

It seemed to the Greeks and Romans that when communicating with each other, they uttered some strange sounds - “var-var”. This is where the nickname came from, which lasted for many centuries. Later this word lost its original meaning and became a common noun. Now it denotes a rude, ignorant person who destroys what was created by the labor of others, regardless of his nationality.

Who are the fryags?

National nicknames also appeared in Rus'. In the second half of the 15th century, on the initiative of Grand Duke Ivan III, many foreigners came to the Russian state, mainly from southern Europe, mainly from Italy. These were architects, engineers, gunsmiths and other craftsmen. Here the Italians received the nickname “Fryags”, “Fryazis” or “Fryazins”.

This word was borrowed with some distortion from the Serbian language, where it meant “Latins,” that is, Catholics. Accordingly, any item of Italian import was designated by the word “Fryazhsky”. In official documents of that time, the nickname “Fryazin” was added to the names of Italian masters, with which many of them went down in history.

How did the Germans become Germans?

When we pronounce the words “German”, “German”, we do not even think about their origin. And it has its own interesting history, also dating back to the Middle Ages. In addition to the Italians, who received “their” nickname, residents of other European countries also came to us. These were diplomats, traders and masters of various professions. Naturally, immediately upon arrival, none of them knew Russian and could not communicate with the local population without an interpreter.

Having met a foreigner on the street and asked him some question, the Russian person did not receive any answer from him. So the opinion arose that all foreigners are mute and cannot speak. That's why they called them Germans. Moreover, this concept included not only residents of Germany, but also the Dutch, the British and many others. Gradually, this word began to refer specifically to the Germans, and it became established in the Russian language as a generally accepted norm.

Boches, Krauts and Hans.

Nicknames also appeared at a later time. The same Germans, to whom other nations often gave contemptuous nicknames, especially “got it” especially. In the 19th century, Prussia, the largest German state, often waged wars with its neighbors. One of the main targets of its aggression was France. The angry-tongued French came up with a nickname for their opponents. They disparagingly called them Boches.

This word was also used in the 20th century, especially during the two world wars started by Germany. During the First World War, Russia also had to face the Germans in a military confrontation. And it didn’t take long for another nickname for them to appear in the Russian language - Krauts. This word comes from one of the common names in Germany, which can be either independent or a diminutive of the name Friedrich.

This nickname for the Germans became especially popular in 1941, when Germany again attacked the Soviet Union. There was another nickname at that time - Hans, also derived from a common German name. However, now these nicknames, which are not very pleasant for the German people, are a thing of the past, and our countries have maintained friendly relations for many years.

Forelock versus beard.

The basis for the appearance of national nicknames can be anything. Some features of people’s appearance may also be a reason. The most famous is a kind of “exchange” of nicknames between two fraternal Slavic peoples - Russian and Ukrainian.

At one time, the Zaporozhye Cossacks shaved their heads bald, leaving a forelock in front, which the Russians called “crest.” The wearers of this hairstyle also began to be called crests, and from them the nickname passed on to all Ukrainians in general. Of course, they did not remain in debt and also came up with a nickname for Russians associated with their appearance.

Unlike Ukrainians, Russians wore beards, which gave the first reason to call them Katsaps. In the Ukrainian language, the word “tsap” means a goat, which, as is known, has a “beard”. The Ukrainian phrase “yak tsap” literally meant “like a goat.” Later it was transformed into the well-known word “katsap”. Both of these nicknames have long become humorous, and people with a sense of humor are not offended by them.

There is another nickname for Russians in Ukraine, which has a more negative connotation - Muscovites. Naturally, it comes from the name of the capital of Russia. Initially, this was the nickname given to officials who, after the unification of Ukraine with the Russian state, came there to establish new orders. Then they began to call all Russians by this nickname. It is in this meaning, and extremely disparaging, that it still exists in the west of Ukraine.

Potatoes, pasta and frogs.

Finally, some nicknames come from the characteristics of a particular national cuisine. It is known that in Italy one of the favorite national dishes is pasta. “Good” neighbors immediately responded to this fact, calling the Italians pasta makers. However, this does not prevent residents of all countries of the world from visiting numerous Italian restaurants and eating spaghetti with pleasure.

The French were not left without a nickname, as some species of frogs are used in their national cuisine. They began to be called paddling pools. True, the French themselves are not very pleased with this nickname. Moreover, French cuisine also has plenty of other dishes made from a wide variety of products.

In terms of nicknames, Belarusians are the luckiest of all. Their cuisine includes many varied and tasty potato dishes, which the Belarusian land is rich in. In Belarusian, potatoes are called “bulba”. So their neighbors - Russians and Ukrainians - called the Belarusians Bulbash. However, the Belarusian people are not at all offended by such a nickname. The cheerful, good-natured and hospitable bulbash has long become something of an unofficial symbol of Belarus.

In russian language.

Abrek is a Chechen, Dagestan, in a broad sense, a male representative of any people of the North Caucasus. Among the Caucasians themselves there is an outcast mountaineer.

Azer, aizer - Azerbaijani.

Azeri is also one of the self-names of Azerbaijanis, probably derived from the name of the extinct Indo-European language of the northwestern subgroup of Iranian languages, which existed on the territory of Southern Iranian Azerbaijan presumably until the 17th century.

Amerikos, Amer, Pindos (this word originally meant the Greeks) - American.

Ara is Armenian (not offensive).

Afro-ass, afrozy, afro-black-ass - black. It arose as a sharply negative reaction to the politically correct “African-American.”

An Afro-Russian is a black man living in Russia.

Baybak is a nickname for Karelians or residents of Karelia in general. It has a contemptuous connotation, hinting at the negative qualities inherent in the steppe marmot - laziness, stupidity.

Basurman (Busurman, Busarman, Basurmanin, Busarmanin) - in the old days in Rus': Tatar, a person of a different religion, mainly from the East. Initially, the nickname has a religious meaning: “infidel” is obviously a distorted word for “Muslim” - that is, a non-religious.

Biraljukas (Braljukas) are Lithuanians. Derivation from “brolis” - “brother”, “brolyukas” - “little brother”.

Bulbash (from white bulba - “potato”) - Belarusian.

Hans is German.

Guran - usually used in relation to the descendants of mixed marriages of Russians and Buryats in Transbaikalia, also to the Transbaikal Cossacks. Derived from the name of a male roe deer, which is one of the main game animals in Transbaikalia. The Gurans in Transbaikalia have a special “brotherly” (semi-Mongoloid) appearance, thick black hair, wide cheekbones and dark skin, and also speak a special Transbaikalian dialect of the Russian language.

Jew is a Jew.

Beast, small animal (comes from thieves' jargon) - a contemptuous nickname for visitors mainly from Transcaucasia or Central Asia, less often - from the North Caucasus.

Labuses (Hans) are Latvians. Derived from the Lithuanian greeting "labas", "laba diena" - "good afternoon"

Lyakh (obsolete) - Pole.

The paddling pool is French.

Lapps are Sami.

Myrk, Moor - a humiliating nickname for uncultured, uncouth, rude people in Kyrgyzstan. Synonym: "redneck". The nickname is used by the population living in the capital of Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek in relation to rural residents.

Macaroni is Italian.

Mambet was a formerly common male name, derived from the word "Makhambet" in the Kazakh pronunciation of the word "Muhammad". Used by both the non-Kazakh population and urban Kazakhs in relation to rural Kazakhs or recent immigrants from the village. A priori, a Kazakh who speaks Russian poorly is considered a mambet in Kazakhstan.

Muscovites - Russians (obsolete).

Non-Russian - used disparagingly towards anyone who is not Russian.

Ниггер - заимствованное из США оскорбительное наименование чернокожего.

Pindos (sometimes “Pendos”) - from about the 19th century in the Russian Empire, as now in the south of Russia and Ukraine, as well as in Kazakhstan - Greeks. However, it is now increasingly used in relation to Americans.

Psheki (pshek) - Poles. It arose due to the “hissing” nature of Polish speech.

Rusaki, rusapet, rusopyat - an outdated self-name of Russians.

Samoyeds (obsolete) - Nenets.

Seldyuk is a Siberian nickname, approximately the same as chaldon.

Fritz is the name of the Germans. Origin - shortened form of the name "Frederick"

Tungus (obsolete) - Evenks.

Narrow-eyed is a disrespectful nickname for Mongoloids (Chinese, Koreans, Vietnamese, etc.).

Khach, Khachik - Armenian (in recent years, anyone from the North Caucasus and Transcaucasian countries has been mistaken).

Chaplashka is a Tatar (approx. in Tatarstan).

Chakh(s) (obsolete) - Czech.

Black-assed (from hair color or dark skin) - absolute brunettes, immigrants from Transcaucasia, Central Asia, and the Middle East. It is a kind of backronym for American Wog, which also refers to residents from the Middle East, Southern Europe and the Balkans: Italians, Moroccans, Latin Americans, Macedonians, Greeks or Spaniards. The nickname, which originally referred to blacks, has now mainly passed on to black-haired or dark-skinned foreigners.

The first meaning (from hair color or dark skin) is a derogatory designation by the predominantly Russian population of representatives of Transcaucasia, Central Asia and the Middle East. In Russia, this term has a different meaning in contrast to the USA, that is, people are not literally “black”, but rather “dark-haired”, brunettes, people who are Caucasian in type, but still with skin a little darker than that of northern Europeans. This nickname refers to Armenians, Azerbaijanis, Tajiks, Moldovans, etc.

The second meaning (based on skin color) is the same as African Americans, blacks, blacks belonging to the Negroid race.

crests are Ukrainians (from the Cossack custom of wearing a forelock).

Chaldony, Chaldony - dialect designation for Siberians. It was used among Russian Siberians in relation to other Russian Siberians with an emphasis on the stupidity and “Valenkov” of a person. Currently, the use of the word is rare even in Siberia, found mainly among the older generation.

Blacks (by skin color) - representatives of the Negroid race, blacks, the designation “black” is also common.

Czech (derivative, army slang) is a Chechen, predominantly a Chechen militant.

Chocks, churbans, chureks, chebureks, babahans, rhinoceroses, chuchmeks, saxauls are a contemptuous designation for representatives of the peoples of Central Asia. This word penetrated into colloquial speech from criminal jargon, obviously from the Turkic people.

Chukhonets, Chukhon, Chukhna is a disrespectful nickname, used mainly by the Russian population in relation initially to the Ingrian Finns, subsequently to the Finns of Finland and other representatives of the Finno-Ugric peoples. Chukhna, Chushka - Finland.

Hellenes are Greeks.

Yankees are Americans.

In other languages.

Ami (Ami) is a nickname for Americans by Germans (simplification/abbreviation).

Aleman - lit. “German” (Spanish) - in Cuba all are white Europeans.

Ak-kulak, ash-kulokh (literally white-eared) - an offensive nickname for the Slavs in Central Asia, an analogue of the Russian “black-assed”.

The Boches are Germans. Borrowed from the French language, the lexicon of the First World War, also found its way into Russian.

Bosha is a nickname for gypsies among Armenians.

Burla (barge hauler) is an offensive nickname for Russians in Central Asia.

Vessi - residents of Germany (before the unification of Germany and the GDR). Comes from the German Westdeutschland - West Germany.

Gaijin (from gaikokujin - foreigner) is a disrespectful nickname for non-Japanese people in Japan.

Goy - (word from the Torah) means non-Jew. Used in both derogatory and neutral meanings.

Gringos are foreigners, most often of Caucasian appearance, often Americans (in Latin America and Mexico).

John Bull is English.

Kafir - all non-Muslims (identical to Jewish goy, Russian infidel, wicked, unchrist).

Latinos is a nickname for Latin Americans in the United States; the word has also passed into Russian.

Nazari (Arabic lit. “Nazarenes”) are Christians among the southern Arabs.

Ora is the way Abkhazians call each other.

Rusaki is the collective self-name of the Russian-speaking population in Germany.

Rushpans - Ukrainian. "Russians".

Sarybas, sarybash (literally “yellow-headed”) is an offensive nickname for Europeans in Central Asia, used in the sense of “coward”, “bungler”, “fool”.

Shoshka (chuchka) is a derogatory nickname for the Slavs (mostly Russians) in Central Asia, literally “pigs”, sometimes used in the sense of “pig-like”, “pig-eaters”, “pig people”.

Ivans are Russians (among the Germans and not only).

Kalbit - in the regions of Russia bordering Kazakhstan, is contemptuous - Kazakh.

Kizdym is Kazakh.

Katsapy (Ukrainian word) - Russian. Most often refers to residents of Moscow due to the unusual dialect widespread there. Most Russians, including Muscovites, do not suspect the existence of any nickname given by Ukrainians, in principle, and especially this specific one.

Cockney is a resident of the working-class neighborhoods of London. In English, from where it is borrowed, it is not offensive.

Xenos is a word used by the indigenous population of Greece in relation to foreigners, foreign-speaking people, emigrants, migrants and all those who are alien to Greek culture. The word is used in both derogatory and neutral meanings. Xenophobia is a single root word meaning hostility towards strangers. A word with a similar meaning in use in the Russian language is - nerus.

Laowai is a colloquial Chinese term for any foreigner of European descent.

Laomaozi (Maozi) is a colloquial Chinese designation for Russians.

Muscovites are Russians, most often immigrants from Moscow.

Ossies are residents of the GDR (before the unification of the Federal Republic of Germany and the GDR) and the eastern part of present-day Germany. Comes from the German Ostdeutschland - East Germany.

Pakis is a derogatory nickname for people from Pakistan in the UK.

Persil is a contemptuous nickname for an Azerbaijani or Turk in Turkmenistan.

Piefke is a nickname used by residents of Austria and especially Vienna to call residents of parts of Germany; nowadays it is used mainly by tourists from Germany. In Germany itself, this nickname is used as a humorous designation for a braggart or imagineer.

Raski is a contemptuous name for Russians (in the broad sense of all citizens from the former USSR) among Americans.

Ryussia are Russians among the Finns.

Sarty is a word used by Karakalpaks, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz and Turkmens to people of Uzbek nationality; most often this word is perceived as humiliating and abusive.

Tibla is an offensive nickname for Russian speakers in Estonia.

Farang is a word from the Thai language that originally referred to the French. Not offensive. In Thailand and Cambodia, farang (barang) refers to any foreigner of European descent.

Habibi is how Americans disparagingly call Arabs.

Shuravi - Originally a designation for USSR soldiers in Afghanistan. At the moment, a neutral designation for all Russians in Arab countries.

Yahudiy is a colloquial Uzbek designation for a person of the Jewish religion, used in both derogatory and neutral meanings.

POM (Pommy) is a humorous nickname for the British among residents of Australia, New Zealand and sometimes South Africa.

7 MAIN NICKNAMES THAT RUSSIANS HAVE BEEN NAMED

Today science deals with national nicknames. A neutral national nickname is scientifically called an exonym, and an offensive nickname with a negative connotation is called ethno-folism. Knowing the origin of national nicknames, you can understand a lot - both about yourself, and about your neighbor, and about your neighbor’s neighbor.

A Russian, most often, comes from Moscow, which, even without being the capital, had a huge influence on Russian lands and on the state affairs of neighboring countries. The nickname did not immediately receive a negative connotation. During the campaigns, Russian troops did not live in barracks and camps, but in the huts of the indigenous people who fed them. Whether a soldier (Muscovite) was full or hungry depended on his ability to “negotiate” food with the owners of the house. In addition, Russian soldiers were not indifferent to local girls. However, the relationship lasted only while the Muscovites were guests of the village. And when duty called a soldier to other lands, relationships with local girls were forgotten. Then the verb “Moskalit” appeared - to cheat, to cheat.

Nickname for Russians among Soviet Koreans. This word is the Chinese word “maozi” (or “mouzi”) pronounced in the Korean manner, which means “bearded man”, as the Chinese called Russians.

The neutral designation for Russians in Finnish is “venäläinen”. "Russia" is derogatory. Currently, the word "Russia" is used in colloquial language often to refer to all Russian speakers in Finland who come from the former USSR, sometimes including children from mixed marriages. Initially, this nickname was used in relation to the Orthodox population (mostly ethnically Karelian). The spread of the word was facilitated by the fact that in the Swedish language, which for a long time retained a leading position in Finland, Russians were and are still called to this day by the word “ryss” (stylistically neutral). So in western Finland, which has a stronger Swedish influence, the word "ryss?" has no disparaging meaning. Not long ago, the “national question” came to court. A Lahti resident filed a lawsuit against his employer for calling his son “Russia”. The employer was ordered to pay large compensation.
Is it funny that the popular Black Russian cocktail sounds like Musta Ryss in Finnish? - “black hare” The expression “Russian roulette” is translated as ryss? ruletta, but sometimes they also say fi: vуnalainen ruletta.
The mirror offensive designation for Finns in Russian is “chukhnya”. In Dahl's dictionary: "Chukhonets, Chukhonka, St. Petersburg nickname for suburban Finns."

The Russians inherited this ethnofolism from their neighbors - the “Balts”, or more precisely the Estonians. "Tybla" came from the address "you, bl.". This is what the Red Army soldiers were originally called in Estonia in 1918-1920, 1940-1941 and 1944. The relatively small Russian minority in pre-war independent Estonia was not initially affected by this appeal. During Soviet rule, this expression began to be used only among the indigenous population. After gaining freedom of speech and independence in 1991, it firmly entered the lexicon as a contemptuous and offensive nickname for Russian-speaking residents of the country, especially those who do not speak the local language. The Media Council believes that the expression "tibla" is primarily used as a designation for Homo soveticus (Soviet man).

Originally a designation for USSR soldiers in Afghanistan (Russian equivalent of shouravi - ?ourav?: Soviet). At the moment, a neutral, even respectful, designation for all Russians in Arab countries.

How much do nicknames and nicknames mean in our lives? Empty, small words that replace names - well, what meaning can they have? But everything is quite the opposite - one simple word, but said, like a name - a nickname, defines a lot. The nature of relationships, grievances for life, irritation or anger, or maybe comprehensive joy and happiness - all this and even more can be found in our nicknames.

Why are nicknames sometimes funny and sometimes very offensive?
Who and why likes to call people not by their names, but give them nicknames and nicknames?
Why do people call people offensive names and nicknames?

Good Nicknames for Boys and Girls

The nature of affectionate names, good nicknames, touching nicknames lies in the roots of the visual vector. When the audience is happy, they want to express their best feelings through the word, choosing it according to allegories. There are tens of thousands, and maybe even millions, of such cute and funny nicknames in any language of the world.

After all, calling a person by name is banal and identical, but a visual person wants to stand out and stand out. The viewer by nature has a very rich imagination and, having seen something wonderful, pleasant and kind, fills it with the same meanings.

It often happens that a visual person cannot cope with the task and looks for cute, good nicknames on the Internet for his boyfriend or girlfriend. However, the best, kindest and gentle nickname will be the one that you independently come up with based on the personal qualities of your loved one.

Why do people call people names and give them bad nicknames?

Surprisingly, it is visual people who so love to give beautiful nicknames and nicknames who in early childhood themselves are faced with offensive, unpleasant nicknames that can deeply wound them to the very heart. Vulnerable by nature, they have a strong complex and begin to feel embarrassed when all their classmates suddenly start calling them “giraffe” or “fat.” And if a long, offensive line in rhyme is attached to the name, which easily falls on the ear and literally eats into the subconscious, then the situation becomes threatening. There are many known cases where, due to offensive and unpleasant nicknames at school, children lost interest in learning, experienced depression, and felt oppressed.

The nature of the nicknames given to us in childhood often comes from the oralist. Oralists give nicknames, very accurately noting our innate character traits or relying on first and last names, creating a name that sticks to a person. Although their invented names often sound quite brutal, some children still get good nicknames, if such can be called, say, Sleeper or Loaf, Gas or Africa, while others have to endure Nosataya, Koza, Ochkarik. This inequality occurs due to children's ranking, when the weakest (or the one who stands out) always gets the most. And these are most often skin-visual boys and girls.

It is interesting that no matter how hard the viewer tries to give an unpleasant nickname to his offender, he fails. No one picks up or repeats his words, and nicknames don’t stick with people. This is due to the fact that real nicknames that cling to a person can only be given by an oralist - by accurately and very strikingly noting the bright feature of his victim and inducing the entire team to repeat this word.

Why does the guy call you offensive names?

It happens that even in adult life we ​​are faced with unpleasant nicknames and nicknames. Again, this only hurts and affects people with a visual vector who take such statements too close to their hearts.

The nature of offensive nicknames in a couple often lies in the problem of hidden verbal sadism, which is not fully realized by either party. This happens if the nicknames are in the form of name-calling, aimed at hurting your loved one, to hook them more painfully. For example, when a guy calls his skinny girlfriend “baby elephant” or “hippopotamus”, and in response to her insults he laughs, as if there is nothing scary or ugly in such names.

Such offensive, unpleasant nicknames are given by people with the anal vector, who are in frustration or lack. Having accumulated grievances, he wants to pour them out somewhere and expresses them in such a simple way.