Nikolay Zadornov fb2. Pedigree

N.P. Zadornov was born in Penza on December 5, 1909 in the family of a veterinarian. Having worked in Central Asia for the required period after graduating from the Kazan Veterinary University (having served “his scholarship”), the father moved with his family to Siberia. Here, in Chita, the future writer spent his childhood years. He witnessed the events of the civil war, the battle of Chita, and saw a baggage car with gold reserves. At the age of ten, I became acquainted with the books of N. M. Przhevalsky and the newly published book by V. K. Arsenyev “Around the Ussuri Region.” By the age of fourteen, he became interested in theater and played in school plays; Without leaving school, he entered a professional theater. The love for art passed on from his parents, whose idol in Penza was V. E. Meyerhold. They told their son a lot about the theatrical life of Penza, the first roles of the future famous Soviet director.

After graduating from school, N.P. Zadornov continued his theatrical activities. After three years of work at the Siberian Experimental Theater, he joined the troupe of the Ufa City Theater. The beginning of his journalistic activity in the newspapers of Beloretsk in the Urals and Ufa dates back to this time. He writes about gold mines, oil fields, miners. In the summer of 1937, he brought his story “Mogusyumka and Guryanych” to the publishing house “Soviet Writer” in Moscow. Having registered at the actor's labor exchange and received an invitation to Komsomolsk-on-Amur, N.P. Zadornov appeared in the young city in the fall of 1937 with the last ship. He works as the head of the literary department of the Komsomol Drama Theater and at the same time plays in plays. On theater posters and programs from the 1930s. you can find his name among the performers of roles in N. Pogodin’s plays: Volzhanin in “The Man with a Gun” (1938), the carriage conductor in “Pavel Grekov” (1939), the Japanese in “Silver Padi” (1939), the everyman in the play “How steel was tempered" based on the novel by N. Ostrovsky (1939). Many years later, N.P. Zadornov, who had already become a famous writer, would again meet with the theater of his youth at the rehearsals of a play based on his novel “Father Cupid.”

In addition to working in the theater, N.P. Zadornov led a Red Army literary circle, traveled a lot, and wrote essays for the city newspaper. From the first meeting, the Far East amazed the future writer: “The taiga ... seemed untouched, as if people were taking some small part of its wealth. Far Eastern rivers are clean and transparent. The leaves have fallen, and redwood twigs are visible everywhere - on the slopes against the background of the blue sky. The sun was setting into this red thicket. We saw the tracks of animals,” he wrote in his autobiography. An eyewitness to how a modern city grew up on the site of the remote village of Perm, he could not help but turn to the past, to those who were the first to come to the banks of the great river. “I understood that the past was passing away, that soon everything would change, and no one would see archery or spear hunting anymore. No one will tell you how the first grain was sown. I tried to see as much as possible." He traveled through the nearest villages, on foot, on boats and motorboats, on his own and on instructions from the editors of the newspaper “Amursky Shocked”, visiting Nanai camps, in Russian villages meeting with the descendants of the pioneers, and somewhere else with the participants in the resettlement themselves. , collecting material for a planned book about the first Russian settlers who came to these places on rafts, with their families, to explore these vast spaces. The first volume of the novel “Cupid the Father” was published in Khabarovsk in the last pre-war issues of the magazine “At the Turnover” (1941 – No. 2, 3). Two books of the novel were published as a separate edition in Dalgiz in 1944, and republished in Moscow in 1946. After that, the novel was reprinted many times and translated into many languages ​​of the world.

After 30 years, the writer will again turn to the heroes of his first novel and create its sequel - the novel “Gold Rush” (1970). It features already familiar characters, their children who have adapted to local conditions; New faces, new heroes appear, whose destinies are intertwined with the destinies of the migrants.

During the Great Patriotic War, Nikolai Pavlovich worked as a traveling correspondent for the regional radio committee, remaining to live in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The regional radio committee gave him complete freedom of action in searching for materials. Over the years, he wrote 200 essays for the regional newspaper and regional radio about the workers and engineers of the city of his youth, the heroes of the labor front of other cities and villages of the region, about railway workers, builders, and aviators. In 1944 he was accepted as a member of the USSR Writers' Union.

In the fall of 1945, N.P. Zadornov, along with other Far Eastern writers, took part as a correspondent for the Khabarovsk regional branch of TASS in the Manchurian liberation campaign along with the troops of the Far Eastern fronts. He traveled a lot around Manchuria and other cities of China, met with different people, Chinese partisans, and talked with captured Japanese colonels and generals. What was seen and experienced during the war was later reflected in historical novels about Admiral Putyatin’s expedition to Japan.

While working on the novel “Father Cupid,” N.P. Zadornov hatched the idea of ​​another novel - a book about Captain G.I. Nevelsky. In the article “how I worked on my books” N.P. Zadornov writes: “Nevelsky’s personality interested me very much. He acted as a progressive man, as a patriot and a thinker who clearly saw the future of his homeland, which was in close connection with all the great countries lying in the Pacific Ocean. ... his expedition in its significance was more important than all the previously accomplished expeditions to the East and North of our homeland.” On small vessels and on boats, a motor-sailing ship, N.P. Zadornov repeated the path of a naval commander-researcher, and made a circle of trips to the places where Russian sailors made their discoveries. To fulfill the plan, other knowledge was needed, which was impossible to obtain far from the center of the country. “It was necessary to know the old society, the navy, customs, and the maritime classes of the educational institutions where our discoverers were educated,” he explains the reason for his departure.

In 1946, N.P. Zadornov left the Far East. At first he lived in Moscow, from 1948 until the end of his life - in Riga. But I came here several times. The new topic required a thorough study of historical and archival materials, numerous sea expeditions of the author himself, most of which repeated the routes of voyages and campaigns of the heroes of his books. Twenty-five years of work from conception to its implementation ended in 1962 with the creation of a cycle of novels about G. I. Nevelskoy, three of which: “The First Discovery”, “Captain Nevelskoy”, “War for the Ocean”, constitute a single work. The fourth novel, “The Distant Land,” stands apart; it is a kind of introduction to the Amur epic. “The Distant Land” began with the story “Mangmu,” written in 1940 and telling about the life of the Nanai people before the Russian people appeared on the Amur. Subsequently, it became the first part of the novel, the second part of which, “Markeshkin’s Gun,” was completed by the author in 1948. The novels were published in Moscow, Khabarovsk, Riga as they were written, and were well received. In 1952, their author was awarded the State Prize.

While working on novels, N.P. Zadornov did not ignore the literary life of Riga. On his initiative, a section of Russian writers was created in the Latvian Writers' Union, which he headed. He collected and attracted talented youth, gave lectures on literature, and was the first editor of the literary and journalistic magazine “Parus”, which published works by Latvian authors in Russian. He was engaged in translations of his novels into Latvian. Translated the Latvian novel “Clearing in the Clouds” by A. Upit. A. Fadeev gave a brilliant review of the translation of the novel.

In the 1965–1970s. N.P. Zadornov is working on a new historical topic: the expedition of Admiral E.V. Putyatin to the shores of Japan to establish Russian-Japanese trade, economic, and diplomatic relations. One after another, novels were published: “Tsunami” (1972), “Shimoda” (1980), “Heda” (1980). In search of materials for his works, Nikolai Pavlovich visited Japan twice, lived in the village of Heda, sailed on a fishing boat to the foot of Mount Fuji, where Admiral E.V. Putyatin died, and sailed on a ship to Hong Kong. The trilogy, later united under the general title “The Saga of the Russian Argonauts,” was received with great interest not only by Russian readers, but also by masters of Japanese literature as a completely original phenomenon. In Tokyo, the books were published by Asahi Publishing House.

In subsequent years, the novels “Hong Kong” (1982) and “Mistress of the Seas” (1988) were written and published, opening a new cycle of works by the writer about relations between Russia and Great Britain in the Far Eastern seas at the end of the 19th century. “The Wind of Fertility” was the writer’s last published novel (1992), the plot of which continues the theme raised in the novel “Mistress of the Seas.” The writer’s plans were to create a novel about Vladivostok, the working title of which was “Rich Mane.” The novel remained unfinished. The writer died on June 18, 1992.

N.P. Zadornov also wrote works on modern topics, but his fame and name were brought to him by his historical novels, with which he drew attention to the Russian Far East and its history. Thanks to them, readers of Russia, the CIS countries and foreign countries were able to get acquainted with the history of the development of the Far Eastern territories and the pioneers of the Amur lands. “With everything I wrote, I tried to make up for our historical illiteracy. There are a lot of layers and ambiguities in Russia’s relations with its eastern neighbors, it is very important to know how everything really happened, how they developed in reality, what they led and are leading to,” he answered the question “Why such a persistent passion for history” .

Over the years, the historical novels of N.P. Zadornov do not lose their relevance and interest. This is evidenced by the facts of reprinting of his books. They are still published in various publishing houses throughout the country. Thus, in 2007, the Moscow publishing houses “Veche”, “Terra-Book Club” published his novels “Father Cupid”, “Gold Rush”, “Shimoda”, etc. Publishing house “Priamurskie Vedomosti” in Khabarovsk in In 2008, with the book “Cupid the Father” by N.P. Zadornov, he opened a new series “Literary Heritage of the Amur Region”.

On May 29, 1999, a monument to the writer was unveiled on the Amur embankment in Khabarovsk, designed by architect V. Baburin, and a memorial plaque was installed on the facade of the drama theater in Komsomolsk-on-Amur.

(1948-2017).

Biography

Nikolai Pavlovich Zadornov was born on November 22 (December 5), 1909 in Penza in the family of veterinarian Pavel Ivanovich Zadornov (1875-1933) and Vera Mikhailovna Zadornova (née Shestakova, 1876-1961) (later P.I. Zadornov was accused of intentional extermination of livestock and died in prison), grew up in Siberia.

After graduating from high school in 1926-1941, he was an actor and director in theaters in Siberia, the Far East, and Ufa, and worked in traveling groups. Since 1935, he was a literary employee of the newspapers “Beloretsky Rabochiy”, “Soviet Siberia”, “Red Bashkiria”. During the Great Patriotic War, he worked at the Khabarovsk Regional Radio Committee and at the Khabarovsk newspaper “Pacific Star”. During this period he wrote his first novel, “Cupid the Father”.

N.P. Zadornov owns two cycles of historical novels about the development of the Russian Far East in the 19th century and about the exploits of explorers. The first cycle consists of 4 novels: “The Distant Land” (books 1-2, 1946-1949), “First Discovery” (first title - “To the Ocean”, 1949), “Captain Nevelskoy” (books 1-2, 1956 -1958) and "Ocean War" (books 1-2, 1960-1962). The second cycle (about the development of the Far East by migrant peasants) is thematically related to the first: the novels “Cupid the Father” (books 1-2, 1941-1946) and “Gold Rush” (1969).

In 1969 and 1972 he visited Japan.

Nikolai Zadornov died on June 18, 1992. He was buried in Jurmala, in the cemetery in Jaundubulti.

Notes

1. A monument was erected at the grave of Mikhail Zadornov in Jurmala
2. Mikhail Zadornov will be buried next to his father
3. Mikhail Zadornov's daughter was persuaded to play a bitch
4. The second wife of Mikhail Zadornov was offended by his will
5. Theater universities recruited thieves again // Express newspaper
6. https://sbis.ru/contragents/5313005292/531301001
7. Housewarming: Zadornov’s library has found a safe home
8. Gazette of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. – M.: Publication of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1984. – No. 47 (November 21). – 861 – 872 p. – [Articles 831 – 847. ]
9. Klara Zilova (senior researcher at the Khabarovsk Regional Museum named after N.I. Grodekov) “The Age of Nikolai Zadornov” / Magazine “Speaker of Arts”. 2009. No. 2(24).

Nikolai Pavlovich Zadornov(1909-1992) - Russian Soviet writer, honored cultural figure Latvian SSR(), laureate Stalin Prize second degree (). Father Mikhail Zadornov.

Biography

Nikolai Pavlovich Zadornov owns two cycles of historical novels about the development of 19th century Russian people Far East, about the exploits of explorers. The first cycle consists of 4 novels: “The Far Land” (books 1-2, -), “First Discovery” (, first title - “To the Ocean”, 1949), “Captain Nevelskoy” (books 1-2, -) and "Ocean War" (books 1-2, -). The second cycle (about the development of the Far East by peasant migrants) is thematically connected with the first: the novels “ Cupid-father"(books 1-2, -1946) and "The Gold Rush" (1969). IN 1971 published the novel “Tsunami” - about the admiral’s expedition E. V. Putyatina V Japan V - 1855. He also wrote a novel about modernity “Yellow, Green, Blue...” (Book 1), a book of travel essays “The Blue Hour” () and others.

Son of Nikolai Pavlovich Zadornov - Mikhail Zadornov, famous satirist writer.

Sources

• Kazak V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the 20th century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917 / [trans. with German]. - M. : RIC "Culture", 1996. - XVIII, 491, p. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8.

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Links

• . Retrieved August 17, 2008. .
• . Retrieved August 17, 2008. .
• (Russian) . Retrieved November 5, 2009.
• - official website of the library named after Nikolai Zadornov

Excerpt characterizing Zadornov, Nikolai Pavlovich

Marya Dmitrievna, finding a tearful Sonya in the corridor, forced her to confess everything. Having intercepted Natasha’s note and read it, Marya Dmitrievna, with the note in her hand, went up to Natasha.
“Bastard, shameless,” she told her. - I don’t want to hear anything! - Pushing away Natasha, who was looking at her with surprised but dry eyes, she locked it and ordered the janitor to let through the gate those people who would come that evening, but not to let them out, and ordered the footman to bring these people to her, sat down in the living room, waiting kidnappers.
When Gavrilo came to report to Marya Dmitrievna that the people who had come had run away, she stood up with a frown and folded her hands back, walked around the rooms for a long time, thinking about what she should do. At 12 o'clock at night, feeling the key in her pocket, she went to Natasha's room. Sonya sat in the corridor, sobbing.
- Marya Dmitrievna, let me see her for God’s sake! - she said. Marya Dmitrievna, without answering her, unlocked the door and entered. “Disgusting, nasty... In my house... Vile little girl... I just feel sorry for my father!” thought Marya Dmitrievna, trying to quench her anger. “No matter how difficult it is, I’ll tell everyone to be silent and hide it from the count.” Marya Dmitrievna entered the room with decisive steps. Natasha lay on the sofa, covering her head with her hands, and did not move. She lay in the same position in which Marya Dmitrievna had left her.
- Good, very good! - said Marya Dmitrievna. - In my house, lovers can make dates! There's no point in pretending. You listen when I talk to you. – Marya Dmitrievna touched her hand. - You listen when I talk. You have disgraced yourself like a very lowly girl. I would do that to you, but I feel sorry for your father. I'll hide it. – Natasha did not change her position, but only her whole body began to jump up from silent, convulsive sobs that choked her. Marya Dmitrievna looked back at Sonya and sat down on the sofa next to Natasha.
- He’s lucky that he left me; “Yes, I will find him,” she said in her rough voice; – Do you hear what I’m saying? “She put her big hand under Natasha’s face and turned her towards her. Both Marya Dmitrievna and Sonya were surprised to see Natasha’s face. Her eyes were shiny and dry, her lips were pursed, her cheeks were drooping.
“Leave... those... that I... I... will die...” she said, with an angry effort she tore herself away from Marya Dmitrievna and lay down in her previous position.
“Natalya!...” said Marya Dmitrievna. - I wish you well. You lie down, just lie there, I won’t touch you, and listen... I won’t tell you how guilty you are. You know it yourself. Well, now your father is coming tomorrow, what will I tell him? A?
Again Natasha's body shook with sobs.
- Well, he will find out, well, your brother, groom!
“I don’t have a fiance, I refused,” Natasha shouted.
“It doesn’t matter,” continued Marya Dmitrievna. - Well, they’ll find out, so why leave it like that? After all, he, your father, I know him, after all, if he challenges him to a duel, will it be good? A?
- Oh, leave me alone, why did you interfere with everything! For what? For what? who asked you? - Natasha shouted, sitting up on the sofa and looking angrily at Marya Dmitrievna.
- What did you want? - Marya Dmitrievna cried out again, getting excited, - why did they lock you up? Well, who stopped him from going to the house? Why should they take you away like some kind of gypsy?... Well, if he had taken you away, what do you think, he wouldn’t have been found? Your father, or brother, or fiancé. And he’s a scoundrel, a scoundrel, that’s what!
“He’s better than all of you,” Natasha cried, standing up. - If you hadn’t interfered... Oh, my God, what is this, what is this! Sonya, why? Go away!... - And she began to sob with such despair with which people only mourn such grief, which they feel themselves to be the cause of. Marya Dmitrievna began to speak again; but Natasha shouted: “Go away, go away, you all hate me, you despise me.” – And again she threw herself on the sofa.
Marya Dmitrievna continued for some time to admonish Natasha and convince her that all this must be hidden from the count, that no one would find out anything if only Natasha took it upon herself to forget everything and not show to anyone that anything had happened. Natasha didn't answer. She didn’t cry anymore, but she began to feel chills and trembling. Marya Dmitrievna put a pillow on her, covered her with two blankets and brought her some lime blossom herself, but Natasha did not respond to her. “Well, let him sleep,” said Marya Dmitrievna, leaving the room, thinking that she was sleeping. But Natasha was not sleeping and, with fixed, open eyes, looked straight ahead from her pale face. All that night Natasha did not sleep, and did not cry, and did not speak to Sonya, who got up and approached her several times.
The next day, for breakfast, as Count Ilya Andreich had promised, he arrived from the Moscow region. He was very cheerful: the deal with the buyer was going well and nothing was keeping him now in Moscow and in separation from the countess, whom he missed. Marya Dmitrievna met him and told him that Natasha had become very unwell yesterday, that they had sent for a doctor, but that she was better now. Natasha did not leave her room that morning. With pursed, cracked lips, dry, fixed eyes, she sat by the window and restlessly peered at those passing along the street and hurriedly looked back at those entering the room. She was obviously waiting for news about him, waiting for him to come or write to her.

Nikolai Pavlovich was born on December 5, 1909 in Penza. He studied at a Penza school, published in the newspaper “Working Penza”. The writer spent his youth in Chita, where his father was sent to work. There he received his education. From 1926 to 1935 Nikolai Zadornov worked as an actor in theaters in Siberia and the Urals. At the same time, he began to publish - first in Bashkir newspapers, then returned to the Far East and actively participated in the All-Union shock construction of Komsomolsk-on-Amur (for which he was later awarded the badge of an honorary city builder). Since then, the Far East has been the main setting in his works.

During the Great Patriotic War, Nikolai Zadornov worked as a traveling correspondent for Khabarovsk radio and for the Khabarovsk newspaper Pacific Star.

Nikolai Zadornov owns two cycles of historical novels about the development of the Far East by the Russian people in the 19th century, about the exploits of explorers. The first cycle consists of 4 novels: “The Distant Land” (books 1-2, 1946-1949), “First Discovery” (1969, first title - “To the Ocean”, 1949), “Captain Nevelskoy” (books 1-2, 1956-58) and "Ocean War" (books 1-2, 1960-62). The second cycle (about the development of the Far East by peasant migrants) - the novels "Cupid the Father" (books 1-2, 1941-46) and "Gold Rush" (1969). In 1971 he published the novel "Tsunami" - about the expedition of Admiral E.V. Putyatin to Japan in 1854-55. He also wrote a novel about modernity “Yellow, Green, Blue...” (Book 1, 1967), a book of travel essays “The Blue Hour” (1968) and others. His works have been translated into many languages ​​of the world, including French, Japanese, Czech, Romanian, and Bulgarian.

Nikolai Pavlovich was awarded the USSR State Prize (1952) for the novels “Father Cupid”, “The Distant Land”, “To the Ocean”. Awarded 3 orders and medals. In the last years of his life, the writer worked on works that he did not have time to finish: the cycles “Great Voyages”, “Mistress of the Seas”.

From 1946 until his death, Nikolai Pavlovich Zadornov lived in Riga and was awarded the title “Honored Artist of the Latvian SSR.” His life was cut short during the collapse of the USSR. The writer died on September 18, 1992. In Penza, on the house where the writer lived (45 Revolyutsionnaya St.), a memorial plaque was unveiled.