Crimean Tatar surnames. Russian surnames of Tatar origin

Tatar surnames

A lot of interesting things can be told about the history of the origin of Tatar surnames, their origin and meaning, as well as the peculiarities of spelling. Initially, having a surname was an honorable prerogative of members of the nobility. Only in the twentieth century did all other Tatar clans receive this right. Until this moment, the Tatars placed clan-tribal relations at the forefront. The custom of knowing one’s family, one’s ancestors by name up to the seventh generation, was made a sacred duty and instilled from a young age.

The Tatars represent a very large ethnic group, distinguished by a rich and distinctive culture. But historically conditioned assimilation with the Slavic people still left its mark. The result was the formation of a fairly large part of Tatar surnames, formed by adding Russian endings: “-ov”, “-ev”, “-in”. For example: Bashirov, Busaev, Yunusov, Yuldashev, Sharkhimullin, Abaidullin, Turgenev, Safin. According to statistics, Tatar surnames ending in “-ev”, “-ov” are three times larger than surnames ending in “-in”.

Traditionally, Tatar surnames are formed from the male names of paternal ancestors. The majority of Tatar surnames are formed on the basis of male personal names. Only a small proportion of surnames come from professions. For example, Urmancheev (forester), Arakcheev (vodka merchant) and others. This type of surname formation is common to many nationalities.

A distinctive national feature of the Tatars is the form of formation of Tatar names. The full version of the Tatar name, like that of many other nationalities, consists of a first name, patronymic and surname, but since ancient times it has been customary to add a gender prefix to the patronymic of Tatars: “uly” (son) or “kyzy” (daughter).

The peculiarities of Tatar surnames also include the custom of their writing. The Tatars have two variants of spelling surnames: official - with endings (Sayfutdinov, Sharifullin, Saitov) and “everyday”, most widely used without adding an ending, only the name is written (instead of the surname Tukaev, Tukai is written). This method, by the way, is characteristic of Tatar literature.

There are countless Tatar surnames
Each of them has a zest
If the last name makes sense, look for it
There are many nuances you can learn

This page of our website discusses Tatar surnames. We will learn about the history and origin of Tatar surnames, discuss their meanings and distribution.
Origin of Tatar surnames

Studying the ethnic composition of the population of Russia, one can notice that a significant part of the inhabitants of our country are Tatars. And this is no coincidence; the history of the Russian state has developed in such a way that at the moment representatives of many nations and nationalities live on its territory. And one of the most numerous ethnic groups are the Tatar peoples. And, despite the fact that for decades and centuries there has been a mixture of nations and nationalities, the Tatars were able to preserve their national language, their culture and traditions. Tatar surnames refer precisely to such national characteristics and traditions.

The origin of Tatar surnames goes back centuries, when, like other nations, the richest and most noble representatives of the Tatar family were the first to acquire surnames. And only by the 20th century the rest of the people of Tatar origin received surnames. Until this moment, that is, while there were no surnames, the kinship relations of the Tatars were determined by their tribal affiliation. From an early age, every representative of the Tatar people remembered the names of their paternal ancestors. At the same time, the generally accepted norm was to know your family up to seven generations.
Features of Tatar surnames

There is a significant difference between well-known Tatar surnames, given names and the complete formula for the formation of Tatar names. It turns out that the complete formula for Tatar naming consists of the first name, patronymic and last name. At the same time, patronymics among the ancient Tatars were formed from the naming of the father, to which “uly” (son) or “kyzy” (daughter) was added. Over time, these traditions in the formation of Tatar patronymics and surnames mixed with Russian traditions of word formation. As a result, at the moment it can be considered that the vast majority of Tatar surnames were formed as derivatives from the names of male ancestors. At the same time, to form a surname, Russian endings were added to the male name: “-ov”, “-ev”, “-in”. These are, for example, the following Tatar surnames: Bashirov, Busaev, Yunusov, Yuldashev, Sharkhimullin, Abaidullin, Turgenev, Safin. This list of Tatar surnames can be quite large, since it was male names that were the main source for the formation of Tatar surnames. If we talk about the meaning that these surnames have, then it is obvious that it will repeat the meaning of the naming from which a specific surname is derived.

According to statistical data, the number of Tatar surnames with endings “-ev”, “-ov” exceeds Tatar surnames with the ending “-in” by approximately three times.
Writing Tatar surnames

There are two spelling options for Tatar surnames. One of these options eliminates the added endings, using only the name itself (for example, instead of the surname Tukaev, Tukay is spelled). This option is widely used in Tatar literature, but is not official. In official documents and common practice in Russia, a variant of Tatar surnames with endings is used: Sayfutdinov, Sharifullin, Saitov, etc.
Other Tatar surnames

Also, the origin of some Tatar surnames was associated with professions. This type of surname exists among almost all nations, and Tatar surnames in this sense are no exception. Examples of surnames whose origin is associated with professions may include the following surnames: Urmancheev (forester), Arakcheev (vodka merchant) and others.

Personal names and surnames derived from them

1) Among the Mishar names there are often ancient Tatar names, which among the Tatars are replaced by Arabic ones.

In Kostroma, I had a conversation about the Mishars with the local Akhun Safarov (originally from Kasimov), who, while talking about the Kostroma Mishars, by the way, touched on personal names. The Mishari, according to him, treat the names of their grandfathers and great-grandfathers with special respect, which is why they try to give their children ancient names, for example Adelsha84, Valisha, Khoramsha, Uraza, Altyn-bikә, Kutlu-bikә, etc., although from The Orenburg Mufti has a special circular on replacing such names with modern names of Arabic origin.

2) The names Kutlug-Mukhamet85, Kutlumet86, Kutlukai87, Kutlush88, Kutlu-yar, Kutlu-bikә (female name), etc. are often found, which is not noticed at all among the Tatars.

There are many personal names with the prefix “Kutlu” among the Kyrgyz: Kotlombәt, Kotlomөkhәmet, Kotlogaziy, etc.

The word “Kut” in the Jagatai dialect means happiness, Khutlug means happy. The Tatar saying “Kutlug bolsun” (let him be happy), as Frehn noted, was also minted on the coins of the Golden Horde khans89.

In the list of Akhuns of the district of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly for 1896, Ismagil Kutlugyulov is mentioned - in the village of Kubak, Belebeevsky district, Ufa province90.

Timur-kutlug is the Golden Horde Khan, with whose name there are Tatar coins92.

The history of Shikhabetdin mentions the label of Timur-Kutluk, the son of Temirmelik Khan, from the year 800 Gijra 139893

In the Turkic history, Abulgazy Khan is mentioned from the clan of Genghis Khan, Kutluk-Timurkhan, among the Kashgar khans94.

In the names of Tatar villages, occasionally in surnames, there is a Turkic word - Uraz - happiness, hence "Urazly" - happy, Urazgildi - happiness has come, Urazbakty - happiness has appeared, Urazbaga - happiness is watching, Urazmet, Urazai, etc. With similar names in In the Kazan province there are Tatar villages that the Mishars would not notice.

3) Mishars often have names with the final prefix “bek”95, for example Alim-bek (Galimbik), Arslan-bek (Arslanbik), Bay-bek (Baybik), Sultan-bek (Soltanbik), Timer-bek (Timerbik) , Uzbek (Uzbik), Khan-bek (Khanbik), Rөstәm-bek, etc.96

Of these names, one of the Tatar names is Galimbik.

Similar names were also used by the Mongolian Tatars, for example, the known names of the khans are Yanibek, Uzbak, Birde-bek, Nәuz-bek, Keldi-bek, Tulun-bek, Chirkas-bek, Gayasetdin-aga-bek, Kagan-bek, etc.97

In the list of Akhuns of the district of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly for 1896, Galei Chenaybekov is listed - in the Kalmyk part of the Astrakhan province (P.75)

In the book “Sәgyyd” (Saitovo posad, Orenburg province) on S.29 there is an akhun Temur-bek Vildanov, who died in 1271 Gijra.

4) Mishar surnames are mostly ancient and come from a Turkic root, for example Akchurin, Baichurin, Bichurin, Bikchurin, Baygildeev, Davletgildeev, Davlekamov, Duberdeev, Agishev, Ageev, Bogdanov, Enikeev, Teregulov, Mamaev, Mamleev, Mamin, Muratov, Kolchurin, Kapkaev, Kamaev, Kudashev, Kildyushev, Kadyshev, Karataev, Oktaev, Tenishev, Tukaev, Uzbekov, Chagataev, Chanyshev, Yanyshev. Yamashev, Yangalychev, Yangurazov, etc.98

Tatars often do not have a “surname”, but are called after their father. Akhmetzyan Mukhametzyanov, Abdul Valeev, etc.

In Kazan, where there are about 40 thousand Tatar people, there are only two or three old noble families.

In the list of akhons of the district of the Orenburg Mohammedan Spiritual Assembly for 1896, the akhons of the Mishar parishes almost all have old surnames, but this is not noticeable among the akhons of the Tatar parishes.

5) Among the Mishar names there are often names dedicated to the Lion (Aryslan - Arslan), as a noble and powerful beast, for example Aryslan gerey (Arslangaley), Aryslan-galey (Arslangali), Aryslan-bek (Arslanbik), etc.

The same thing is observed among the Bashkirs, Kyrgyz and Crimean Tatars99.

Among the Kazan Tatars, such names are found very rarely, and then only in later times, probably due to Mishar influence.

The warlike tribes of Asia needed to commemorate the birth of male babies or by naming the names of predatory and bloodthirsty animals: Aryslan - lion, Kaplan - leopard100, Syrtlan - hyena101;

or giving names of birds of prey, hunting birds: Shonkar - falcon, Shahin-garay, Persian Shahin - falcon, hawk; Shaһbaz-gәrayy, Persian Shaһbaz - falcon, hawk with which the king hunts;

or giving the names of glorious kings and heroes of the east: Iskәndәr Alexander the Great, Rөstәm-khan Rөstembek Rustum, glorious hero of ancient Persia;

or they gave names with the prefix “batyr” - hero, hero, “gazy” - to conquer, Kotlo-gazy - happy conqueror102, Batyrsha - king hero, Baybatyr - rich hero, Bikbatyr - excellent hero.

E.A. Malov notes that the Mishars do not shy away from Russian names, which are assigned by adults during relations with Russians103.

Russian names are sometimes seen among Tatars, especially intelligent and well-born ones, and these are mostly Mishars. In the city of Ufa live the famous landowners Tevkelevs, three brothers, now deceased: Salimgerey (former mufti), Saidgerey (guard colonel) and Batyrgerey. They were known more by their Russian names - Alexander Petrovich, Alexey Petrovich, Pavel Petrovich and the latter's son Kutlukai - Konstantin Pavlovich.

In Yelabuga district there were landowners from the Tatar Murzas: Kutlukai Bikmaev, Ilyas Muratov, who were also known by their Russian names - Konstantin Veniaminovich Bikmaev, Ilya Lvovich Muratov. The patronymic of the first is given in accordance with the name of his father Ibniamin, and the patronymic of the second is a literal translation of his father’s name - Aryslan (lion). Various employees of such people, in imitation of their masters, also assign Russian names. In general, Russian names are given especially by those Tatars who constantly rub shoulders with Russians, and in village bazaars various traders are known by Russian names.

"On the language and nationality of the Mishars." Gainutdin Akhmarov
News of the Society of Archaeology, History and Ethnography. Volume XIX, issue. 2. - Kazan, 1893. - P.91-160.

also from this work.

ABASHEVS. In the nobility since 1615 (OGDR, VIII, p. 42). From Abash Ulan - the governor of the Kazan Khan, who in 1499 switched to Russian service. In 1540, the Abashevs Alyosha, Chulok, and Bashmak were mentioned as residents of Tver; in 1608, Abashev Avtal Cheremisin was noted in the Cheboksary district (Veselovsky 1974, p. 9). According to N.A. Vaskakov (1979, p. 216), the surname comes from the Tatar aba “paternal uncle”, abas “uncle”. Subsequently, famous scientists, military men, doctors.

ABDULOV. A common surname from the Muslim name Abdulla (Gabdulla) “Servant of God; Servant of Allah” Widely used by Kazan residents; for example, the Kazan king Abdul-Letif was captured in 1502 and Kashira was allocated to him as an inheritance. Subsequently, the Abdulovs became a well-known family of nobles, scientists, artists, etc.
ABDULOV. Landowners from the 18th century On behalf of Abdullah (see ABDULOV); perhaps from the Turkic-Mongolian avdil “changeable person.” In this regard, see the name of the Golden Horde king Avdul, known in the 1360s

AGDAVLETOVS. Nobles since the 17th century. From the Golden Horde (BC, II, p. 280, No. 105; Zagoskin 1875, No. 1), cf.: Turkic-Arabic. akdavlet "white wealth" (allegorically - "white bone").

AGISHEVA. Nobles since the 17th century. From Agish Alexei Kaliteevsky from Kazan (first half of the 16th century), mentioned in Pskov in 1550 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 9); in the first half of the 16th century, Agish Gryaznoy was ambassador to Turkey and Crimea; in 1667, Agish Fedor was a messenger to England and Holland.
AKISHEVS. Served from the middle of the 17th century: Gryaznoy Akishev - clerk in Moscow in 1637, clerk in 1648 No. 5) (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). See also Agishevs. The surname is transparently Turkic-Tatar - from 1974, Akish, Agish.

ITEMIROVY. Served from the middle of the 17th century: Ivan Aitemirov - clerk in Moscow in 1660, in Verkhoturye in 1661-1662; Vasily Aytemirov - in 1696 ambassador to Poland, in 1696-1700 - clerk of the Siberian Order

AKCHURINS. Mishar-Mordovian prince Adash in the 15th century, the ancestor of the Murzas and nobles of the Akchurins (RBS, 1, p. 62). In the 17th - 18th centuries - famous officials, diplomats, military men (RBS, 1, pp. 108 - 109). The surname is from the Turkic-Bulgar ak chur - “white hero”.

ALABERDIEVS. From Alaberdiev, baptized in 1600 under the name Yakov, and placed in Novgorod (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). From the Volga Tatar alla barde "God gave."

ALTYSHEVS. Nobles from the beginning. XVIII century. From Abdrein Useinov Altyshev, a native of Kazan, who took part in the Persian campaign of Peter I in 1722, and then often visited embassies in Persia and Crimea.

ALIYEVS. ALEEVS. ALYAEVS
The surname comes from Ali - a Muslim - Turkic name.
ALEEVS. Mentioned as nobles at the end of the 16th century as people from the Meshcheryaks, i.e. Tatar-Mishars: Vladimir Nagaev, son of Aleev, was recorded in 1580 as one of the ten Meshcheryans, children of boyars (OGDR, IV, p. 58), as was Koverya Nikitich Aleev in Meshchera and Kasimov under 1590 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12) . N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 158) considers them to come from the Turkic (Tatar-Mishar) environment.

ADASHEVS. Nobles from the 16th century. From Prince Adash, who was transferred from Kazan to Poshekhonye in the mid-15th century. In 1510, Grigory Ivanovich Adash-Olgov was mentioned in Kostroma, from whom, according to S.B. Veselovsky (1974, p. 9), the Adashevs came. In the first half and middle of the 16th century, the Adashevs (Alexander Fedorovich and Daniil Fedorovich) were active military men and diplomats of Ivan IV, executed by him in 1561 and 1563, respectively. They had estates in the vicinity of Kolomna and Pereyaslavl (RBS, 1, pp. 62-71; Zimin, 1988, p. 9). The Turkic-Tatar adash means “tribesman”, “comrade”. Known under 1382, Adash was the ambassador of Tokhtamysh in Rus'. ADAEV has the same origin.

AZANCHEVS. Nobles since the 18th century (OGDR, III, p. 93). Judging by the surname, Volga-Tatar origin, cf. Tatar-Muslim azanchi, that is, "muezzin"
AZANCHEEVSKIES. Nobles from the 18th century, through the Polish-gentry, from the Azanchi. Famous composers, revolutionary.

AIPOVY. From Ismail Aipov from Kazan, granted nobility in 1557 (OGDR, X, p. 19; Veselovsky 1974, p. 10).

AIDAROVS. Servicemen: Aydarov Uraz, nobleman since 1578, estate in Kolomna; Aidarov Mina Saltanovich - since 1579, estate in Ryazhsk. Perhaps from Aidar, a Bulgar-Horde prince who switched to Russian service in 1430 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 10). Aidar is a typically Bulgaro-Muslim name, meaning “happily in possession of power” (Gafurov 1987, p. 122). Engineers, scientists, and military men are known from the Russified environment of the Aidarovs.

AKSAKOVS. In the middle of the 15th century, the Aksakovs gave the village of Aksakov on the river. Klyazma, at the end of the 15th century “settled in Novgorod”. These Aksakovs are from Ivan Aksak (his grandchildren are Ivan Shadra and Ivan Oblyaz), great-great-grandson of Yuri Grunk, thousand-year-old Ivan Kalita (Zimin 1980, pp. 159-161). According to the Velvet Book (BC, II, p. 296, no. 169), Ivan Fedorov, nicknamed “Oksak,” was the son of Velyamin, who came out of the Horde (Veselovsky 1974, p. II). The Aksakovs were in Lithuania, where they appeared at the end of the 14th century (UU.O, 1986, 51. 22). Aksakovs are writers, publicists, scientists. Related to the Vorontsovs and Velyaminovs (RBS, 1, pp. 96-107). From the Turkic-Tatar aksak, oksak "lame"

ALABINS. Nobles since 1636 (OGDR, V, p. 97). In the 16th-11th centuries they had estates near Ryazan (for example, the village of Alabino in Kamensky Stan - Veselovsky 1974, p. II). According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 182), from Tatar-Bashkir. ala-ba "awarded", "granted". Subsequently, scientists, military men, and the famous Samara governor.

ALABYSHEVS. A very old surname. Prince of Yaroslavl Fedor Fedorovich Alabysh is mentioned in 1428 (BK, II, p. 281; Veselovsky 1974, p. II). According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, pp. 257-259), the surname comes from the Tatar ala bash “motley (bad) head.”

ALAEVS. In the 16th and early 17th centuries, several service people with this surname are mentioned. According to N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 8), of Turkic-Tatar origin: Alai-Chelyshev, Alai-Lvov (died in 1505), Alai-Mikhalkov, received an estate near Peryaslavl in 1574 (Veselovsky 1974, p. II).

ALALYKINS. Ivan Anbaev, son of Alalykin, had estates in 1528 “according to the charters of the sovereigns” (OGDR, IX, p. 67). Alalykin Temir in 1572, already in Russian service, captured Murza Diveya, a relative of the Crimean king Devlet-Girey, for which he received estates in the area of ​​Suzdal and Kostroma (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12). The mentioned names and surnames Alalykin (alalyka), Anbai (Aman-bey), Temir are clearly of Turkic-Tatar origin.

ALACHEVS. Mentioned in Moscow as nobles since 1640. They came from among the Kazan Tatars around the middle of the 16th century. The surname comes from the Bulgaro-Tatar word “alacha” - motley. 21. ALASHEEVS. Nobles from the middle of the 16th century: Alasheev Yakov Timofeevich, newly baptized (from 1585); Alasheev Semyon Ivanovich (since 1523). Estates in the vicinity of Kashira, where people from Kazan usually settled (Veselovsky 1974, p. 18). The surname is from the Turkic-Tatar alash "horse".

DAMAZOVS. As the OGDR testifies (V, p. 98), the surname comes from the Duma clerk Almaz Ivanov’s son, a Kazan native, named Erofey at baptism, who was allocated a local salary in 1638. In 1653 he was the Duma clerk and printer for Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich (Veselovsky 1974, p. 12). Among the Volga Tatars, the name Almaz - Almas roughly corresponds to the concept of “will not touch”, “will not take” (Baskakov 1979, p. 182). In this sense, it is close to the word alemas, which could form a similar surname Alemasov.

ALPAROVS. From the Bulgaro-Tatar alyp arar (. (male hero), which, along with the spread of a similar surname among the Kazan Tatars, may indicate the Turkic-Bulgar origin of its Russian version.

ALTYKULACHEVICHY. Around 1371, the boyar Sofoniy Altykulachevich is known, who entered the Russian (Ryazan) service from the Volga Tatars and was baptized (Zimin 10 1980, p. 19). The Turkic-Tatar basis of the surname is also clear: “alty kul” - six slaves or six hands.

ALYMOVS. Nobles since 1623 (OGDR, III, p. 54). From Alymov Ivan Oblyaz, who owned lands near Ryazan in the first half of the 16th century. (Veselovsky, 1974, given p. 13). Alim - Alym and Oblyaz Aly are names of Turkic origin (Baskakov 1979, p. 127). 197< Алымовы в XIX - XX вв.- учёные, военные, государственные деятели.

ALYABYEVS. From Alexander Alyabyev, who entered the Russian service in the 16th century (RBS, 2, p. 80); from Mikhail Olebey, who entered the Russian service in 1500 (Veselovsky 1974, p. 231). Ali Bey is the senior bey (Baskakov 1979, p. 182). The descendants are military men, officials, including the famous composer and contemporary of A.S. Pushkin - A.A. Alyabyev.

AMINES. Nobles in the 15th-11th centuries: the Aminevs Barsuk, Ruslan, Arslan, estates near Kostroma and Moscow (village of Aminevo). These Aminevs are from the messenger - Kilichei Amen, who served in 1349 (sent to the Horde) with the Grand Duke Semyon the Proud (Veselovsky 1974, p. 13, 273). The second version is the tenth generation from the legendary Radsha - Ivan Yuryevich, nicknamed "Amen". The Turkic (Bulgar?) origin is confirmed by the names: Amen, Ruslan, Arslan. The famous Turkic-Swedish surname “Aminof” is associated with them.

ARSENYEVS. Nobles from the 16th century. From Arseny, the son of Oslan (Arslan) Murza, who came to Dmitry Donskoy (see Zhdanovs, Somovs, Rtishchevs, Pavlovs). Upon baptism, Arseny Lev Procopius (OGDR, V, pp. 28-29; BC, II, p. 282). Estates in the Kostroma district. The descendants include friends of A.S. Pushkin (K.I. Arsenyev), military men (RBS, II,)

AMIROV (AMIREV). Nobles from the 16th century. In the OGDR (XVIII, p. 126) the Amirovs are noted in 1847 as a Russified surname; first mentioned since 1529-30: Vasil Amirov - clerk of the Local Prikaz; Grigory Amirov - in 1620-21 - watchman of the palace villages of the Kazan district, like Yuri Amirov in 1617-19; Markel Amirov - clerk in 1622-1627 in Arzamas; Ivan Amirov - in 1638-1676 - a messenger to Denmark, Holland and Livonia (Veselovsky 1974, p. 13). The origin of the surname is assumed to be Turkic-Arab. amir - emir "prince, general" (Baskakov 1979, p. 257). The prevalence of surnames among Kazan Tatars also indicates the Kazan origin of the Russian surname.

ANICHKOVS. Origin from the Horde in the 14th century is assumed (BK, 2, p. 282, No. 100; Zagoskin, 1875, No. 2). The Anichkovs Bloch and Gleb were mentioned in Novgorod in 1495 (Veselovsky 1974," p. 14). Arabic-Turkic anis - anich "friend" (Gafurov 1987, p. 125). Subsequently, scientists, publicists, doctors, military men (RBS , 2, pp. 148-150).

APRAXINES. From Andrei Ivanovich Apraks, great-grandson of Solokhmir (Solykh-emir), who passed from the Golden Horde to Olga Ryazan in 1371 (OGDR, II, p. 45; III, p. 3). In the 16th-16th centuries. Apraksin allocated estates near Ryazan. In 1610-1637 Fyodor Apraksin served as clerk of the Order of the Kazan Palace (Veselovsky 1974, p. 14). Related to the boyars Khitrovs, Khanykovs, Kryukovs, Verdernikovs (see). N.A. Baskakov (1979, p. 95) gives three versions of the Turkic origin of the nickname Apraksa: 1. “quiet”, “calm”; 2. “shaggy”, “toothless”; 3 "boast". In the history of Russia they are known as associates of Peter 1, generals, and governors (RBS, 2, pp. 239-256).

APPAKOVS. The Crimean-Kazan Murza Appak switched to Russian service in 1519 (Zimin 198Yu, pp. 80, 168, 222,265). The origin of the surname is possible from Kazan. Tatarsk, ap-ak "completely white".

APSEITOVY. Most likely, they came from Kazan in the middle of the 16th century. Granted estates in 1667. The surname is from the Arabic-Turkic Abu Seit “father of the leader” (Baskakov 1979, p. 165; Gafurov 1987, p. 116, 186

ARACCHEVS. From Arakchey Evstafiev, a baptized Tatar who switched to Russian service in the mid-15th century and became clerk of Vasily II (Veselovsky 1974, p. 14). Derived from Kazan Tatars. The nicknames of the Arakychs are “moonshiner, drunkard” (Baskakov 1979, p. 115). In the ХV111-Х1Х centuries. temporary worker Alexandra1, count, estate near Tver (RBS, 2, p. 261-270).

ARAPOVS. Promoted to the nobility in 1628 (OGDR, IV, p. 98). From Arap Begichev, placed in Ryazan in 1569. Later, in the 17th century, Khabar Arapov was known with an estate in Murom. Judging by the names and surnames, as well as the placement, most likely they came from Kazan (Veselovsky 1974, p. 14). Descendants include military men and Penzyak writers

ARTAKOVS (ARTIKOVS). Nobles since the 17th century. Artykov Sulesh Semenovich was noted as a streltsy head in 1573 in Novgorod (Veselovsky 1974, p. 16). From Turkic, artuk - artyk "extra".

ARDASHEVS. Nobles since the 17th century. From Ardash - a native of Kazan, on an estate in the Nizhny Novgorod province (Veselovsky 1974, p. 15). The descendants include relatives of the Ulyanovs, scientists (IE, 1, p. 715Text

ARTYUKHOV. Nobles since 1687 (OGDR, IV, p. 131). From artyk - artuk - artyuk (Baskakov 1979)

ARKHAROVS. Nobles since 1617 (OGDR, III, p. 60). From Arkharov Karaul Rudin and his son Saltan, who came from near Kazan, were baptized in 1556 and received an estate near Kashira (Veselovsky 1974, p. 15; Baskakov, 1979, p. 128). The descendants include military men and scientists.

ASLANOVICHEVS. In the Polish gentry and nobility in 1763, one of them was then awarded the rank of Royal Secretary (OGDR, IX, p. 135). From the Turkic-Tatar aslan - arslan (Baskakov 1979,)

ASMANOVS. Vasily Asmanov (Usmanov, Osmanov) - son of a boyar. Mentioned in Novgorod in the 15th century (Veselovsky, 1974, p. 16). Judging by the surname (base - Turkic-Muslim Usman, Gosman "chiropper" - see: Gafurov, 1987, p. 197), Turkic - Bulgar, by location in Novgorod, exit.

ATLASOVY. Nobles from the end of the 17th century, estates in the Ustyug region. Immigrants from Kazan to Ustyug. Atlasi is a typical Kazan Tatar surname (see: Khadi Atlasi). Atlasov Vladimir Vasilievich in the 18th century - the beginning of the 18th centuries - the conqueror of Kamchatka (RBS, II, pp. 353-356).

AKHMATOVS. Nobles since 1582 (OGDR, V, p. 52). Most likely, they came from Kazan, because... under 1554 Fyodor Nikulich Akhmatov was noted near Kashira (Veselovsky 1974, p. 17). Akhmat is a typically Turkic-Tatar name (Baskakov 1979, p. 176). Even under 1283, the Besermian (obviously a Muslim-Manin-Bulgarin) Akhmat is mentioned, who bought off the Baskas on the Kursk land (PSRL, 25, p. 154). The Akhmatovs in the 16th-19th centuries - military men, sailors, prosecutor of the Synod (RBS, II, p. 362).

AKHMETOVS. Nobles since 1582, clerks in the 16th - 17th centuries, merchants and industrialists in the 16th - 20th centuries. (OGDR, V, p. 55; Veselovsky 1974, p. 17; RBS, II, p. 363). At the heart of the Arab-Muslim word Ah-met - Ahmad - Akhmat "praised" (Gafurov)

AKHMYLOVS. Nobles from the 16th century. Fyodor Akhmyl - mayor in Novgorod in 1332, Andrei Semenovich Akhmylov in 1553 - in Ryazan (Veselovsky 1974, p. 17). Judging by their placement in Novgorod and Ryazan, the Akhmylrvy are Bulgar-Kazan immigrants. Under 1318 and 1322 the Golden Horde ambassador Akhmyl to Rus' is known (PSRL, 25, pp. 162, 167); perhaps a Bulgarian who knew Russian well. language.

ALTUNIN
ALTYNOV
The surname comes from Altyn - gold. Altyn is a fairly common name among Turkic peoples.

AGEEVS
AGAYEVS
From the Turkic "Aga", "Agai" - uncle. Typically, a child could receive such a name if the eldest son or daughter in the family has already started a family and can have or already has children of their own. Therefore, there is a need to emphasize, as it were, the seniority of the child - the uncle.

ASADOV
Comes from the Tatar-Muslim name Assad, a modified “as-Somad” - eternal. The famous poet Eduard Assadov emphasizes his origins from the Tatars.

AKULOV
Comes from a fairly common name, especially among the Turkmens, Okul, Akul, which means “smart”, “reasonable”.

AKSANOVS. The origin of the surname is from “Ak” - white, and “San”, “Sin” - you, you. Literally - light (skin, hair)

AKHUNOVS The origin of the surname is possible in two versions:
from the Turkish-Muslim name "Akhun".
from "akhun" - a religious title.

When preparing the material, information from the site was used

Most Tatar surnames are a modified form of the name of one of the male ancestors in the family. In more ancient years, it came from the name of the father of the family, but at the beginning of the 19th century this trend gradually began to change, and with the advent of Soviet power, not only the sons, but also the grandchildren of the eldest in the family were assigned a common surname for all. Subsequently, it did not change and was worn by all descendants. This practice continues to this day.

Formation of Tatar surnames from professions

The origin of many Tatar surnames (as well as the surnames of other peoples) is due to the professions in which their bearers were engaged. So, for example, Urmancheev - urman (forester), Baksheev - bakshey (scribe), Karaulov - karavil (guard), Beketov - beket (teacher of the khan's son), Tukhachevsky - tukhachi (standard bearer), etc. Quite interesting is the origin of Tatar surnames, which today we consider Russian, for example, “Suvorov” (known since the 15th century).

In 1482, the serviceman Goryain Suvorov, who received his surname from the profession of a rider (suvor), was noted by mentions of him in chronicles. In subsequent centuries, when the descendants of the Suvorov family decided to somewhat exalt the origin of their family name, a legend was invented about the Swedish progenitor of the family, Suvore, who came to Russia in 1622 and settled here.

The surname Tatishchev has a completely different origin. Her nephew Ivan Shah, Prince Solomersky, who served Grand Duke Ivan III, was given the title for his ability to quickly and accurately identify thieves. Thanks to his unique ability, he received the nickname “tatey”, from which his famous surname came.

Adjectives as the basis for the emergence of surnames

But much more often, Tatar surnames came from adjectives, which were used to name this or that person for his distinctive characteristic qualities or special features.

Thus, the Bazarov surname came from ancestors born on market days. From the brother-in-law - the husband of his wife's sister, who was called "bazha", the surname Bazhanov came about. The friend, who was revered as highly as Allah, was called “Velamin”, and from this word the surname Veliaminov (Velyaminov) originates.

Men with will and desire were called murads, from them came the surname Muradov (Muratov); proud - Bulgaks (Bulgakov); loved ones and lovers - Dauds, Dawoods, Davids (Davydov). Thus, the meaning of Tatar surnames has ancient roots.

In the XV-XVII centuries, the surname Zhdanov was quite widespread in Rus'. It is believed that its origin comes from the word “vijdan”, which has two meanings. This was the name given to both passionate lovers and religious fanatics. Each of the Zhdanovs can now choose the legend that he likes best.

Differences in the pronunciation of surnames in Russian and Tatar environments

Tatar surnames, which arose in ancient times, have long been adapted to Russian society. Quite often, we don’t even know about the true origin of our family names, considering them to be originally Russian. There are many examples of this, and there are some pretty funny options. But even those surnames that we consider unchangeable are pronounced with slight differences in Russian and purely Tatar society. Thus, many Tatar composers, whose names and surnames will be given below, have long been perceived as originally Russian. As well as actors, TV presenters, singers, musicians.

The Russian endings of Tatar surnames -in, -ov, -ev and others are often smoothed out in the Tatar environment. For example, Zalilov is pronounced as Zalil, Tukaev - as Tukay, Arakcheev - Arakchi. In official papers, as a rule, the ending is used. The only exceptions are the surnames of individual Mishar clans and Tatar Murzas, since they are somewhat different from ordinary Tatar clan names. The reason for this is the formation of the surname from those names that have not been widely used for a long time or have been completely forgotten: Enikei, Akchurin, Divey. In the surname Akchurin, “-in” is not an ending, but part of an ancient name, which could also have several pronunciation options.

Tatar names for boys that appeared at different times

on the pages of ancient documents, children have not been called them for a long time. Many of them are of Arab, Persian, Iranian, and Turkic origin. Some Tatar names and surnames consist of several words at once. Their interpretation is quite complex and not always correctly explained.

Old names that have not been used to call boys for a long time among Tatars:

• Babek - baby, toddler, small child;
• Babajan is a respected, respectable person;
• Bagdasar - light, a bouquet of rays;
• Badak - highly educated;
• Baibek - powerful bek (lord);
• Sagaidak - striking enemies like an arrow;
• Suleiman - healthy, alive, prosperous, living calmly;
• Magdanur - source of rays, light;
• Magdi - leading people along the path destined by Allah;
• Zakaria - always remembering Allah, a real man;
• Zarif - delicate, amiable, pleasant, beautiful;
• Fagil - hard-working, doing something, diligent;
• Satlyk is a purchased child. This name has a long-standing ritual meaning. After the birth of a child, to protect him from dark forces, he was given to relatives or friends for a while, and then “ransomed” for money, naming the child Satlyk.

Modern Tatar names are nothing more than a Europeanized type of names formed in the 17th-19th centuries. Among them are Airat, Albert, Akhmet, Bakhtiyar, Damir, Zufar, Ildar, Ibrahim, Iskander, Ilyas, Kamil, Karim, Muslim, Ravil, Ramil, Rafael, Rafail, Renat, Said, Timur, Fuat, Hassan, Shamil, Shafqat, Eduard, Eldar, Yusup and many others.

Ancient and modern girl names

Perhaps in remote Tatar villages you can still find girls named Zulfinur, Hadiya, Naubukhar, Nurinisa, Maryam, but in recent decades, women's names have become more familiar to Europeans, as they are stylized after them. Here are just a few of them:

• Aigul - moon flower;
• Alsou - rose water;
• Albina - white-faced;
• Amina is gentle, faithful, honest. Amina was the name of the mother of the Prophet Muhammad;
• Bella - beautiful;
• Gaul - occupying a high position;
• Guzel - very beautiful, dazzling;
• Dilyara - joyful to the heart;
• Zaynap - portly, full-bodied;
• Zulfira - having superiority;
• Zulfiya - charming, beautiful;
• Ilnara - the flame of the country, the fire of the people;
• Ilfira is the pride of the country;
• Kadriya - worthy of respect;
• Karima - generous;
• Leila - dark-haired;
• Leysan - generous;
• Nailya - achieving the goal;
• Nuria - light, radiant;
• Raila - founder;
• Raisa - leader;
• Regina - the king's wife, queen;
• Roxana - illuminating with bright light;
• Faina - shining;
• Chulpan - morning star;
• Elvira - protective, protective;
• Elmira is conscientious, renowned.

Famous and widespread Russian surnames of Tatar origin

Basically, Russian surnames appeared during the years of the conquest of Rus' by the Mongol-Tatars and after the expulsion of nomads far beyond the borders of the Slavic lands by the united Russian-Lithuanian army. Anthroponymy specialists count over five hundred names of noble and well-born Russians of Tatar origin. Almost every one of them has a long and sometimes beautiful story. Mostly in this list are princely, boyar, and count surnames:

• Abdulovs, Aksakovs, Alabins, Almazovs, Alyabyevs, Anichkovs, Apraksins, Arakcheevs, Arsenyevs, Atlasovs;
• Bazhanovs, Bazarovs, Baykovs, Baksheevs, Barsukovs, Bakhtiyarovs, Bayushevs, Beketovs, Bulatovs, Bulgakovs;
• Velyaminov;
• Gireevs, Gogol, Gorchakovs;
• Davydovs;
• Zhdanov;
• Zubov;
• Izmailovs;
• Kadyshevs, Kalitins, Karamzins, Karaulovs, Karachinskys, Kartmazovs, Kozhevnikovs (Kozhaevs), Kononovs, Kurbatovs;
• Lachinovs;
• Mashkovs, Minins, Muratovs;
• Naryshkins, Novokreshchenovs;
• Ogarevs;
• Peshkovs, Plemyannikovs;
• Radishchevs, Rastopchins, Ryazanovs;
• Saltanovs, Svistunovs, Suvorovs;
• Tarkhanovs, Tatishchevs, Timiryazevs, Tokmakovs, Turgenevs, Tukhachevskys;
• Uvarovs, Ulanovs, Ushakovs;
• Khitrovs, Khrushchovs;
• Chaadaevs, Chekmarevs, Chemesovs;
• Sharapovs, Sheremetevs, Shishkins;
• Shcherbakovs;
• Yusupov;
• Yaushevs.

For example, the first descendants of the Anichkovs came from the Horde. Mention of them dates back to 1495 and is related to Novgorod. The Atlasovs got their surname from a fairly common typical Tatar surname - Atlasi. The Kozhevnikovs began to be called that after they entered the service of Ivan III in 1509. What their family name was was not known for certain, but it is assumed that their surname included the word “Khoja”, which meant “lord”.

The surnames listed above, considered as Russian, but of Tatar origin, the list of which is far from complete, are mostly well known to the current generation. They were glorified by great writers, actors, politicians, and military leaders. They are considered Russian, but their ancestors were Tatars. The great culture of their people was glorified by completely different people. Among them there are famous writers who are worth talking about in more detail.

The most famous of them:

• Abdurakhman Absalyamov - prose writer of the 20th century. His essays, stories, novels “Golden Star”, “Gazinur”, “Unquenchable Fire” were published in both Tatar and Russian. Absalyamov translated “Spring on the Oder” by Kazakevich and “Young Guard” by Fadeev into Russian. He translated not only Russian writers, but also Jack London and Guy de Maupassant.
• Fathi Burnash, whose real name is Fathelislam Burnashev, is a poet and prose writer , translator, publicist, theater worker. The author of many dramatic and lyrical works that enriched both Tatar fiction and theater.
• Karim Tinchurin, in addition to being famous as a writer, is also an actor and playwright, and is listed among the founders of the professional Tatar theater.
• Gabdulla Tukay is the most beloved and revered poet, publicist, public figure and literary critic among the people.
• Gabdulgaziz Munasypov - writer and poet.
• Mirkhaidar Fayzullin - poet, playwright, publicist, compiler of a collection of folk songs.
• Zahir (Zagir) Yarulla Ugyly is a writer, the founder of Tatar realistic prose, a public and religious figure.
• Rizaitdin Fakhretdinov is both a Tatar and a scientist and religious figure. In his works he repeatedly raised the problem of women's emancipation and was a supporter of introducing his people to European culture.
• Sharif Baygildiev, who took the pseudonym Kamal, is a writer, an outstanding playwright and translator, who was the first to translate “Virgin Soil Upturned” into the Tatar language.
• Kamal Galiaskar, whose real name is Galiaskar Kamaletdinov, was a true classic of Tatar drama.
• Yavdat Ilyasov wrote about the ancient and medieval history of Central Asia.

Tatar surnames were also glorified and left their greatest mark in their native literature by Naki Isanbet, Ibrahim Gazi, Salih Battalov, Ayaz Gilyazov, Amirkhan Eniki, Atilla Rasikh, Angam Atnabaev, Shaikhi Mannur, Shaikhelislam Mannurov, Garifzyan Akhunov. There is also a woman among them - Fauzia Bayramova - a writer, a prominent political figure, and a human rights activist. The famous Henryk Sienkiewicz, who came from the Polish-Lithuanian Tatars, can also be added to this list.

Tatar writers, whose names and surnames are given above, lived and worked in Soviet times, but modern Tatarstan also has someone to be proud of.

Writers of Tatarstan of a later period

Undoubtedly, Shaukat Galliyev deserved the greatest fame among his compatriots for his high talent as a writer. The writer's real name is Idiyatullin; he took his pseudonym from his father's name. Galliev is an outstanding son of his generation, the brightest representative of Tatar writers of the second half of the 20th century.

Raul Mir-Khaidarov, who received high recognition in the Soviet and then Russian years, is also worthy of all the respect of the Tatar people. Like Rinat Mukhamadiev and Kavi Najmi.

Let us recall some more names and surnames of Tatar writers known outside the republic: Razil Valeev, Zarif Bashiri, Vakhit Imamov, Rafkat Karami, Gafur Kulakhmetov, Mirsai Amir, Foat Sadriev, Khamit Samikhov, Ildar Yuzeev, Yunus Mirgaziyan.

Thus, from 1981 to 1986 he headed the board of the Union of Writers of the USSR, from 1981 to the present - a member of the board of the Union of Writers of Tatarstan. And Foat Sadriev is the author of about twenty plays for the theater, a member of the Writers' Union. His works have long been of interest to Tatar and Russian theater workers.

Great Tatar composers and artists

Outstanding Tatar writers, whose names and surnames are highly valued by enlightened minds throughout the post-Soviet space, undoubtedly made their contribution to exalting the glory of their people, as well as the outstanding world-famous violinist Alina Ibragimova, and many famous athletes: football players, hockey players, basketball players , fighters. Their performances are heard and watched by millions. But after some time, their traces will be erased by the new idols that have come to replace them, who will be applauded by the halls and stands, while writers, as well as composers, artists, and sculptors, have left their mark for centuries.

Talented Tatar artists left their legacy for posterity in their canvases. The names and surnames of many of them are known both in their native land and in the Russian Federation. It is enough to remember only Harris Yusupov, Lyutfulla Fattakhov, Baki Urmanche for true lovers and connoisseurs of modern painting to understand who we are talking about.

Famous Tatar composers are also worthy of mention. Such as Farid Yarullin, who died at the front during the Great Patriotic War, the author of the famous ballet “Shurale”, in which the incomparable Maya Plisetskaya danced; Nazib Zhiganov, who received the honorary title of People's Artist of the USSR back in 1957; Latif Hamidi, whose works include opera and the people's favorite waltzes; Enver Bakirov; Salikh Saidashev; Aidar Gainullin; Sonia Gubaidullina, who wrote the music for the cartoon “Mowgli”, 25 films, including “Scarecrow” by Rolan Bykov. These composers glorified Tatar surnames throughout the world.

Famous contemporaries

Almost every Russian knows Tatar surnames, the list of which includes Bariy Alibasov, Yuri Shevchuk, Dmitry Malikov, Sergei Shokurov, Marat Basharov, Chulpan Khamatova, Zemfira, Alsou, Timati, whose real name is Timur Yunusov. They will never get lost among singers, musicians, and cultural figures, and they all have Tatar roots.

The land of Tatarstan is rich in outstanding athletes, whose names there is no way to list, there are so many of them. What sports they represent was mentioned above. Each of them glorified not only the name of his family, but also his entire region with its ancient history. Many of them also have very beautiful Tatar surnames - Nigmatullin, Izmailov, Zaripov, Bilyaletdinov, Yakupov, Dasaev, Safin. Behind each is not only the talent of its bearer, but also an interesting story of origin.

Heritage of the Tatars [What and why they hid from us from the history of the Fatherland] Enikeev Gali Rashitovich

Chapter 3 Tatar surnames (clans) among the Russian people

Tatar surnames (family) among the Russian people

Western historians, who composed their version of the history of our Fatherland, tried as much as possible to hide the fact that the Tatar khans and Murzas played a huge role in the formation of the ruling layer of the Russian state and especially in the foundation of the system of unified statehood in a significant part of Eurasia ( bii). True, subsequently, with the coming to power of the pro-Western Romanov tsars and their Westernized henchmen, the system of a single state in the vastness of Russia-Eurasia was “rastatarized” and changed to suit the needs of the “Romano-German yoke,” as the Eurasian Prince N.S aptly called the Romanov regime Trubetskoy (see more about this in chapters 13–15 of this book). Therefore, in the course of the official history of Russia it was hidden that in fact many, many modern Russians - and not just modern Tatars and many representatives of modern Turkic peoples - are descendants medieval Tatars. This is presented in detail and with reason in the book “The Great Horde: Friends, Enemies and Heirs” (36).

Few people know that before the establishment of the pro-Western Romano-Germanic yoke, the Russian tsars wrote in their diplomatic letters to the West, in particular, that the power of the Tatar Great Horde, “ the throne of Kazan and Astrakhan was the royal throne from the very beginning» ( G. V. Vernadsky). Therefore, the Russian princes, and later the kings of Muscovy, considered it an honor to become related to the Tatar nobility. For example, it is known that the mother of Alexander Nevsky, the wife of Grand Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodovich (13th century), was a “Polovtsian”. It must be clarified: in fact, the facts indicate that the wife of the Grand Russian Duke Yaroslav Vsevolodovich, the mother of Alexander Nevsky, was precisely a Tatar.

Another example: in 1317, Moscow Prince Georgy Danilovich married the sister of Khan Uzbek (see Chapter 5). There are many such examples. Well, perhaps, let’s also mention Ivan the Terrible (Ivan IV), who, according to the statements of Romanov’s Western historians, was “the worst enemy of the Tatars.” But even official historians admit that the mother of this king was Tatar by origin, from the family of the Tatar Murza Mamai (see Chapter 11 about him). Moreover, Ivan IV also married a Tatar. Information about this has been preserved from the English ambassador Jerome Horsey, who explained the marriage of Tsar Ivan to the Tatar princess by the fact that “the power of the tsar increased as a result of the mentioned marriage, which brought him the power and strength of these Tatars, more staunch warriors than themselves; He also used these Tatars to suppress and pacify those of his princes and boyars who, as he believed, were dissatisfied and rebelled against him...”

There is also information that the Westernizing Tsar Peter I also had Tatars in his family: his mother was one of the Naryshkin princes, descended from the Tatar Murzas (biys).

Let us pay attention to the content of the Tatar historical dastan “On the family of Chyngyz Khan” (39). From it you can learn very interesting information that official historians are silent about. For example, this dastan reports that “the Moscow Horde is still ruled by khans (kings) from the clan of Chyngyz Khan.” This copy of the dastan was written at the end of the 16th - beginning of the 17th century; there are copies of the dastan containing this information, and with a later dating (79). As we see, the Tatar author of those times confidently writes that the Russian (Moscow) tsars had precisely Tatar origin. Of course, all this could not please the Romanov historians, who declared the Tatars a “non-historical” people, so the content of this dastan and, as we learn from this book, a lot of other information about our true history - both the Tatar people and all of Russia - were hidden from us for a long time .

As the Eurasian P. N. Savitsky rightfully asserted, “40 or even more percent of the Great Russian nobility” are descendants of the Horde Tatar Murzas, princes and their servants (31). It was they, together with other Tatars, who from ancient times lived on the “latitude of the Moscow River and south of it” (3), who provided the Muscovite kingdom with “great prestige in the Tatar world"(G. V. Vernadsky). And these Horde Tatars played a significant role in the fact that the authority of Russia-Muscovy turned out to be quite high not only in the Tatar, but also in the rest of the world (38).

That is, the Horde Tatars, until the mid-to-late 17th century, before the significant strengthening of the power of the Romanovs and the onset of the “Roman-Geman yoke,” participated in large numbers in the government of the Moscow state, including being represented in the highest authorities. That is, the Tatars were part of the ruling class of Muscovy, and, as we will now see, also as top officials. According to data obtained as a result of independent archival research, both during the “period of the reign of Ivan the Terrible” and for a long time after, the Tatar kings and Murzas “were held in high esteem at the court of the Russian sovereigns. In the system of the Moscow state and troops, they occupied first places. On acts that required the signatures of senior state officials, their signatures are in front. They occupied the main places at all court celebrations and meetings” ((39), see more in Chapter 12). That is why it turned out that among the modern Russian people there are many descendants of those same Tatar-Horde people. Moreover, they are always among the most active and advanced in all respects part of the Great Russian people. Further, in subsequent chapters, we will mention many of them and note their role in the history of our Fatherland.

Below are some of the Russian families (surnames) of Tatar origin: their descendants were Tatars, perhaps even in not so distant generations. And what’s also interesting is that to this day many of these surnames (family) are found simultaneously among both modern Russians and Tatars.

Abashevs(information about the surname from the 15th century). Abdulovs(information from the end of the 15th – beginning of the 16th century. One of the Abdulov families is the descendants of the Kazan Horde kings, khans). Agdavletovs(translated as “people of the White Power” - the “White Power” was the name given to the Golden Horde, information about the surname dates back to the 14th–15th centuries). Agishevs(information from the 16th century). Adashevs(from the 15th century). Azancheevs(since the 18th century). Aipovs(from the 16th century). Aidarovs(from the 16th century). Aytemirovs(since the 17th century). Akishevs(since the 17th century). Aksakovs(from the 15th century). Alaberdievs(since the 17th century). Alabins(from the 16th century). Alabyshevs(from the 15th century). Alaevs(from the 16th century). Alalykins(from the 16th century). Alashevs(from the 16th century). Alasheyevs(from the 16th century). Almazovs(since the 17th century). Alytkulachevichi(from the 14th century). Altyshevs(since the 18th century). Alymovs(since the 17th century). Alyabyevs(from the 16th century). Aminevs(from the 16th century). Amirovs(from the 16th century). Anichkovs(from the 14th century). Appakovs(from the 16th century). Apraksins(from the 14th century). Apseitovs(since the 17th century). Arakcheevs(from the 13th century, the Tatar Ostafiy Arakcheev was one of the first leaders of the Treasury, a serious state institution already at that time, mentioned in Russian chronicles). Arapovs(since the 17th century). Ardashevs(since the 18th century). Arsenyevs(from the 16th century). Artakovs(since the 17th century). Artyukhovs(since the 17th century). Arkharovs(since the 17th century). Asmanovs(from the 15th century). Akhmatovs(from the 13th century). Akhmetovs(from the 16th century). Akhmylovs(from the 14th century).

Babichevs(from the 16th century). Baginins(since the 17th century). Bagrimovs(from the 15th century). Bazanins(since the 17th century). Bazhanovs(since the 18th century). Bazarovs(from the 16th century). Baibakovs(since the 17th century). Baykachkarovs(from the 16th century). Baykovs(from the 16th century). Baykulovs(from the 16th century). Bayteryakovs(from the 15th century). Bakaevs(from the 16th century). Bakakins(from the 16th century). Baklanovs(from the 16th century). Balakirevs(from the 14th century). Balashevs(since the 18th century). Baranovs(from the 15th century). Barancheevs(from the 16th century). Lambs(from the 16th century). Barbashins(from the 16th century). Barsukovs(since the 18th century). Barykovs(from the 16th century). Baskakovs(from the 16th century). Basmanovs(from the 16th century). Bastanovs(from the 16th century). Batashovs(from the 16th century). Baturins(from the 15th century). Bakhmetovs(from the 16th century). Bakhmetyevs(from the 16th century). Bakhteyarovs(from the 16th century). Bachmanovs(from the 16th century). Bashevs(from the beginning of the 17th century). Bayushevs(from the beginning of the 17th century). Begichevs(from the 15th century). Beketovs(since the 17th century). Beklemishevs(from the 15th century). Bekleshevs(from the beginning of the 17th century). Beleutovs(from the 16th century). Belyakovs(from the 14th century). Berdyaevs(from the 16th century). Berkutovs(from the 16th century). Bersenevs(from the 16th century). Bibikovs(from the 13th century). Bizyaevs(since the 17th century). Bimirzins(from the 16th century). Birevs(from the 16th century). Birkins(from the 15th century). Bichurins (Michurins, from the 17th century). Blokhins(from the 15th century). Bogdanovs(from the 16th century). Boltins(from the 14th century). Buzmakovs(from the 16th century). Buzovlevs(from the 15th century). Bukryabovs(since the 17th century). Bulatovs(from the 16th century). Bulgakovs(since the 14th century - descendants of the Horde kings). Bulgarins(from the 16th century). Bunins(from the 16th century). Burnashevs(since the 17th century). Busurmanovs(from the 16th century). Buturlins(from the 14th century). Bukharins(from the 16th century).

Valishevs (Velyashevs, from the 16th century). Velyaminovs(from the 14th century). Velyaminov-Zernov(from the 14th century). Verdernikovs(from the 14th century). Visloukhovs(from the 15th century). Vyshinsky (Yushinsky, from the 14th century).

Garshins(from the 16th century). Gireevs(since the 15th century - descendants of the Horde kings). Glinsky(from the 14th century). Godunovs(the surname comes from the Tatar name “Gata”, like Gatiny, Katanovy, information is known from the 14th century). Golitsyns(from the 16th century). Gorchakovs(from the 16th century). Goryainovs(from the 16th century). Gotovtsevs(from the 16th century).

Davydovs(from the 15th century. Descendants of the Horde kings - khans. They descend from the Horde king, Khan of the Golden Horde Ulu Muhammad). Dashkovs(from the 14th century). Devlegarovs(from the 16th century). Dedenevs(from the 14th century). Dedyulins(from the 16th century). Derzhavins(from the 15th century). Dolgovo-Saburovs(from the 13th century). Duvanovs(from the 15th century). Dulovs(from the 15th century). Dunilovs(from the 15th century). Durasovs(since the 17th century).

Edigeevs(from the 15th century. Edigeev Fedor, a Moscow icon painter, by order of Vasily II painted the walls of the Annunciation Cathedral in the Moscow Kremlin (Brockhaus)). Elgozins(from the 16th century), Elchins (Yeltsins, Yeltsins, from the 16th century). Elchaninovs(from the 14th century). Elychevs(since the 17th century). Enaklychevs(from the 16th century), Enaleevs(from the 16th century). Epancha-Bezzubovs(from the 16th century). Epanchins(from the 16th century). Epishevs(from the 16th century). Ermolina(from the 15th century). Ermolovs(from the 16th century).

Zhdanovs(from the 14th century). Zhemailovs(from the 16th century).

Zagoskins(from the 15th century). Zagryazhskie(from the 14th century). Zekeevs(since the 17th century). Zenbulatovs(from the 16th century). Zlobins(from the 15th century). Zmeevs(from the 15th century). Zubovs(from the 13th century). Zyuzins(from the 15th century).

Ievlevs(since the 17th century). Izdemirovs(since the 17th century). Izmailovs(from the 15th century). Isenevs(since the 17th century). Isupovs(from the 14th century).

Kablukovs(since the 17th century). Kadyshevs(from the 16th century). Kazarinovs(from the 16th century). Kairevy (Kairov, from the 17th century). Kaisarovs(from the 15th century). Kalitina(since the 17th century). Kamaevs(from the 15th century). Kamynins (Komynins, from the 17th century). Kancheevs(since the 17th century). Karagadymovs(from the 16th century). Karamzins(from the 16th century). Karamyshevs(from the 16th century). Karandeevs(since the 17th century). Karateevs(since the 17th century). Karaulovs(from the 16th century). Karacharovs(from the 16th century). Karachevs (Karacheevs, from the 15th century). Karachinsky(since the 18th century). Karachurins(from the 16th century). Karbyshevs, Kartmazovs(since the 17th century). Kataevs(since the 17th century). Kashaevs(since the 17th century). Kashkarovs (Kashkarevs, Koshkarevs, from the 17th century). Keldysh(from the 15th century). Kiykovs(from the 16th century). Kireevs(from the 16th century). Kichibeevs(from the 15th century). Kobyakovs(from the 14th century). Kozhevnikovs (Kozhaevs, from the 16th century). Kozakovs(since the 17th century). Koznakovs(since the 17th century). Kozlovs(from the 16th century). Kolokoltsevs(from the 16th century). Kolontai(from the 14th century). Kolupaevs(from the 16th century). Kolychevs(from the 15th century). Konakovs (Kunakovs, from the 17th century). Kondakovs(from the 16th century). Kondyrevs(from the 15th century). Kononovs(from the 16th century). Koncheyevs(from the 15th century). Korobanovs(from the 16th century). Korobin(from the 15th century). Korsakovs(from the 14th century). Kostrovy (Kastrovy, from the 16th century). Kotlubei (Kotlubeevs, Kotlubitskys, from the 13th century). Kochevy (Kocheviny, from the 14th century). Kochubei(from the 16th century). Kremenetsky(from the 16th century). Krechetovs (Krechetnikovs, from the 16th century). Krichinskys(since the 17th century). Kryukovs(from the 14th century). Kugushevs(since the 17th century). Kudaikulovs(from the 16th century, descendants of the Horde kings). Kudinovs(from the 16th century). Kulaevs(from the 16th century). Kulomzins(since the 17th century). Kultykovs(since the 17th century). Kulushevs(from the 16th century). Kulychevs(since the 17th century). Kuprins(since the 17th century). Kurakins(from the 15th century). Kurapovs(from the 16th century). Kuratovs(from the 16th century). Kurbatovs(from the 16th century). Kurdyumovs(from the 16th century). Kurkins(from the 16th century). Kurmanovs(from the 16th century). Kutkins(since the 17th century). Kutuzovs(from the Tatar name “Kotdus”: cat- "soul", dus- "Friend". A distorted version of “Kutuz”, information is known from the 14th century). Kutyevs(from the 16th century). Kuchkins(from the 12th century). Kuchukovs(since the 17th century). Kushelevs(from the 15th century).

Lachinovs(since the 17th century). Leontievs(from the 15th century). Leshchinsky(since the 17th century). Likharevs(from the 14th century). Lodygins (Lodyzhenskys, from the 14th century). Lyubavskys(from the 14th century). Lyubocheninovs(since the 17th century).

Maksheevs(since the 17th century). Mamatovs(from the 14th century). Mamatov-Shumarovsky(from the 16th century). Mom's(from the 16th century). Mamonovs(since the 17th century). Mamyshevs(from the 15th century). Mangushevs(since the 17th century). Mansurovs(from the 15th century). Matyushkins(from the 13th century). Mashkovs(from the 16th century). Melikovs (Milyukovs, from the 14th century). Melgunovs(from the 16th century). Dead(from the 15th century, descendants of the Horde kings). Meshchersky (Shirinsky, from the 12th century). Meshchersky (Tver, from the 16th century). Meshcheryakovs(from the 15th century). Milkovsky(since the 17th century). Mikulins(from the 15th century). Minins(from the 14th century). Minchaks (Minchaks, from the 15th century). Michurins(from the 14th century). Misheronovs(from the 15th century). Mozharovs(from the 16th century). Molvyanikovs (Molvyaninovs, from the 16th century). Molostvovs(since the 17th century). Mosalskie (Masalskie, from the 14th century). Mosolovs(from the 14th century). Muratovs(from the 16th century). Murzins(from the 16th century). Musin(from the 16th century). Musins-Pushkins(from the 12th century). Mukhanovs(from the 16th century). Myachkovs(from the 16th century).

Nagaevs(from the 16th century). Naked(from the 16th century). Narbekovs(from the 15th century). Narykovs(from the 16th century). Naryshkins(from the 15th century). Neklyudovs(from the 15th century). Neplyuevs(from the 15th century). Novokreshchenovs(from the 16th century). Norovs(from the 16th century).

Monkeyninovs(from the 15th century). Obinyakovs(from the 16th century). Obreimovs(since the 17th century). Ogarevs(from the 16th century). Ogarkovs(from the 14th century). Ozakovs(from the 14th century). Okulovs(from the 16th century). Onuchins(since the 17th century). Ordyntsevs(from the 16th century). Orinkins(from the 15th century).

Pavlovs(from the 14th century). Pilemov's(from the 15th century). Peshkovs(from the 15th century). Petrovo-Solovovo(from the 16th century). Pemyannikovs(from the 14th century). Podolsk(from the 15th century). Pozharsky(from the 16th century). Polataevs (Poletaevs, from the 18th century). Polivanovs(from the 14th century). Poluektovs (Poluekhtovs, from the 15th century). Chewy(from the 14th century). Prokudiny(from the 15th century). Priklonskie(from the 16th century).

Radilovs(from the 16th century). Radishchevs(since the 17th century). Razgildeevs(from the 16th century). Razgozins (Ragozins, from the 16th century). Rastov(since the 17th century). Rastopchiny(from the 15th century). Rataevs(from the 15th century). Rachmaninoffs(from the 15th century). Rezanovs(from the 16th century). Romodanovskys(from the 14th century). Rostopchins(from the 15th century). Rtishchevs(from the 14th century). Ryazanovs(from the 16th century).

Sabancheevs (Savancheevs, from the 17th century). Sablukovs(since the 17th century). Saburovs(from the 14th century). Savlukovs(from the 15th century). Sadyrevs (Sodyrevs, from the 15th century). Sadykovs(from the 15th century). Sakmyshevs(from the 15th century). Saltanovs(from the 16th century). Sarykhozins(from the 15th century). Sverchkovs(from the 15th century). Svistunovs(since the 17th century). Svishtovs(from the 16th century). Seitovs(since the 17th century). Selivanovs(from the 15th century). Seliverstovs(from the 15th century). Semevs(from the 16th century). Serkizovs(from the 14th century). Sertyakins(from the 16th century). Scriabins(from the 15th century). Owls(from the 15th century). Soimonovs(from the 16th century). Somovs(from the 14th century). Sonina(from the 16th century). Starkovs(from the 14th century). Stroganovs(from the 14th century). Suvorovs(from the 15th century). Suleshevs(from the 16th century). Sunbulovs (Sumbulovs, from the 14th century). Sytins(from the 15th century). Sundukovs(from the 16th century).

Tagaevs(from the 14th century). Tagaldyevs(from the 16th century). Tairovs(from the 16th century). Taishevs(from the 16th century). Talaevs(from the 16th century). Talychevs(from the 15th century). Taneevs(from the 16th century). Taptykovs(from the 16th century). Tarakanova(since the 17th century). Tarbeevs(from the 15th century). Tarkhanovs(from the 15th century). Tatarinov(from the 16th century). Tatishchevs(from the 15th century). Tevkelevs(from the 16th century). Tevyashevs(from the 14th century). Tyeglevs(from the 15th century). Temeevs(from the 16th century). Temirovs(from the 16th century). Teneevs(from the 16th century). Timiryazevs(from the 15th century). Togmachevs(from the 16th century). Tokmakovs(from the 15th century). Toxubins(from the 16th century). Tolbugins (Tolbuzins)(from the 14th century). Tonkachevs(from the 16th century). Tulubeevs(from the 15th century). Tumanskie(from the 14th century). Tumgenevs(from the 16th century). Turandaevs(from the 15th century). Turgenevs(from the 15th century). Tutaevs(from the 16th century). Tutykhin(from the 15th century).

Uvarovs(from the 14th century). Ulanovs(since the 18th century). Urmanovs(from the 16th century). Urusovs(from the 16th century). Useinovs(from the 13th century). Uteshevs(from the 15th century). Ushakovs(from the 13th century).

Fustovs(from the 15th century).

Khankildeevs(from the 16th century). Khanykovs(from the 15th century). Khilchevskys(from the 15th century). Khitrovs(from the 15th century). Khodyrevs (Khodyrevskys, from the 17th century). Khozyashevs(from the 16th century). Khomyakovs(from the 16th century). Khotyaintsevs(from the 15th century).

Chaadaevs (Chagadayevs, Chegodaevs, from the 15th century). Chagins(from the 15th century). Chalymovs(from the 16th century). Chebotarevs(from the 15th century). Cheglokovs(from the 13th century). Chekmarevs(since the 17th century). Chelishchevs (Chelyshevs, from the 16th century). Chemesovs(from the 16th century). Suitcasenovs(from the 15th century). Chepchugovs(from the 16th century). Cheremisinovs(from the 16th century). Chirikovs(from the 13th century). Choglokovs (Cheglokovs, from the 16th century). Chubarovs(from the 16th century). Churikovs(from the 16th century). Chuvatovs(since the 18th century).

Shadriny(from the 15th century). Shalimovs (from the 16th century). Shamins(from the 15th century). Shamovs(from the 16th century). Shamshevs (Shamsevs, from the 16th century). Sharapovs (Sherapovs, from the 15th century). Shakhmatovs (Shakhmetovs, from the 16th century). Sheydyakovs(from the 14th century). Shimaevs(from the 16th century). Sheremetevs(from the 13th century). Sherefetdinovs(from the 16th century). Shishkins(from the 16th century). Shishmarevs(since the 17th century). Shukliny (Shchukliny)(since the 17th century).

Shcherbakovs(from the 14th century).

Yuryevs(from the 13th century). Yusupovs(from the 16th century). Yushkovs(from the 14th century).

Linguists(from the 15th century). Yakubovsky(from the 15th century). Yakushins(from the 16th century). Yamantovs(from the 14th century). Yanbulatovs(from the 16th century). Yangalychevs(since the 18th century).

Chapter 2 The Myth of the “Biblical People” Now many are found who have been for Soviet power since ancient times