How to teach a child to draw a human face and figure. How to teach a child to draw: advice from a teacher How to start teaching a small child to draw

Pugachevskaya Tatyana Mikhailovna
How to teach a child to draw.

Consultation for parents.

How teach a child to draw.

Educator: T. M. Pugachevskaya

MBDOU No. 139 kindergarten "Antoshka" Bryansk.

Your child I’m already familiar with pencils, paints, felt-tip pens, I already see and understand how to leave marks on paper, lines, scribbles. What's next? How to achieve child consciously depicted familiar objects, even the simplest and most elementary phenomena?

How teach a child to draw

SO, LET'S BEGIN

IMPORTANT- teach the child to see and understand that in nature there is very little white color, practically none. Therefore, from the first lessons I teach the children how to apply a background, or give them already tinted paper. Well, it doesn’t happen that a chicken walks in white snow! Can a fish swim in a milky white river? Therefore, we draw grass, sea, sky. yeah whatever. I show the children how a brush “walks” across the paper (from one edge to the other, runs back, makes a smooth long path, and runs back again - something like this is what I say. Show everyone, take your hand baby together with your brush and paint)

Be sure to play with everything (“pour jam into a jar” - cut out a sheet in the shape of a jar, decorate a rug for the dog, pussy, etc. Then, when the work is dry, be sure to show this rug to the pussy, let her sit on it, if there is no toy cat, dogs, then stick a paper figure onto the finished background

Try a variety of game techniques, here's a HOMEMADE EXERCISE:

Together with look for it as a child who hid or what was hidden (to do this, first draw on a sheet of paper with a candle a simple image of any object, phenomenon or animal - the sun, a cloud and rain, a butterfly, fish, etc. and paint over the sheet of paper with watercolors). - display

You need to start with one color.

To make your work beautiful, bright, and neat, it is better to use not just albums for drawing, and watercolor paper. It is dense and the paint adheres to it perfectly due to the rough surface.

Child and drawing.

All children love paint. Sometimes they start doing this before they speak. And it is very important to support baby at the very beginning of his creative path and pronounce the first formula education: "YOU CAN DO EVERYTHING!"

Many parents mistakenly believe that child really starting paint only from the moment when he can convey in the drawing the characteristic features of the object - draw similar. In fact, this happens much earlier - during the Karakul period. Karakulnoe drawing has three phases:

1. Chaotic scribbles (random, unorganized)

Period from 1 year to 1.5 years.

2. Stages of circular scribbles. Graphic movements have a repetitive nature.

3. Stage of developed scribbles. The period is about 2 years. Child begins to react to the edge of the sheet - the line goes around the edge of the sheet or ends at the edge. At this time the children enjoy paint with different colors. And also, the graphic language is being formed very actively. There are 16 types of graphic movements in total and the larger the type of scribble, the higher the intelligence baby.

Draw with children from a very early age using the following reasons: - let it develop;

Let him work;

Let him rejoice;

Let him create!

Often from as early as three years old the baby can be heard: "I can't paint» . Involuntarily arise questions: "How did you know that? Who told you this? And have you tried? Let's try it together. A sheet for you, a sheet for me, a pencil for you and a pencil for me. Let's draw the Sun, big, on the entire sheet, round, kind, warm. It smiles like a mother. Look, it stretches out its hands to us - rays. Isn't this a miracle? Just now the sheet was white, clean, and suddenly... The Sun was born, real, alive, it was not born on its own - we helped it. Our Sunshine."

The role of parents and teachers is not only to give to kid certain skills and abilities. The main thing is to help child to see the world, experience beauty with him, instill in him confidence in his abilities and ignite the flame of the joy of creativity. Remember, a lot depends on you, on whoever is next to you. child at the entrance to the complex and diverse world of beauty. Hurry to make your children happy, because a happy childhood is a smart childhood.

Rules pencil drawing

1. The pencil should be held with three fingers (between the thumb and middle finger, holding it on top with the index finger, without squeezing tightly, not close to the sharpened end.

2. When you draw a line from top to bottom, your hand with a pencil goes to the side of the line, and when you draw a line from left to right, your hand goes to the bottom of the line.

You need to move your hand this way in order to see how you draw, then you will get a straight line.

3. Line needed draw right away, without stopping, without lifting the pencil from the paper, otherwise it may turn out uneven. There is no need to draw the same line several times.

4. Triangular and square shaped items are needed paint with stops at corners so you can think about how draw further.

5. Round-shaped objects must draw in one motion, endless.

6. You need to paint over the drawing with a pencil by continuously moving your hand back and forth.

7. When painting a drawing, the strokes must be applied in one direction: top to bottom, left to right, or oblique.

8. When painting a drawing, you must not go beyond the outline. drawn object.

9. You need to paint over the drawing without gaps.

10. When painting a picture, you need to press evenly pencil: Press harder if you want to paint brighter, and lightly if you want to paint lighter.

Rules brush painting

1. The brush should be held with three fingers (between the thumb and middle finger, holding it on top with the index finger, behind the iron tip, squeezing lightly with your fingers.

2. When drawing For different lines, the brush must be drawn along the pile, so the hand with the brush moves in front of the line.

3. When drawing wide lines should be based on the entire bristle of the brush, holding the stick at an angle to the paper.

4. To draw a thin line, the brush should be held with the stick up and the end of the brush touching the paper.

5. When painting drawings with a brush, the lines must be placed side by side, drawn in one direction and only in one direction, each time starting from the top or left.

6. Each line at drawing and when painting, it only needs to be done once.

7. You need to draw lines immediately, without stopping.

Consultation for parents.

Games with drawing.

In the process of visual arts, a child not only learns to draw lines, roll balls and cut paper - he develops as a person. Creativity at an early age promotes mental development baby. After all, in order to depict any object, the baby must first highlight the main thing in this object: round wheels on the car, mom’s face, and so on. Drawing helps a child express his attitude to the world, he learns to convey his emotions with the help of color, lines and shapes. By achieving results, albeit small, but still, the baby becomes more confident in his abilities. And a positive assessment of these results by adults gives the child a sense of significance and value.

You can develop your creativity baby, if from a very early age you introduce him to a variety of materials and teach them how to handle them. Show your baby how to do it draw and sculpt. Use paper of different colors and types for drawings and applications.

Help to kid choose subjects for creative work. Together, remember a familiar fairy tale, sing your favorite song, or refer to the baby’s personal experience, to what interested him ( "Masha collects mushrooms", "Elephant at the Zoo", "Dad is driving a car", "An excavator digs sand"). Drawing It’s also great because it’s easy to move from it to other types of learning activities, and vice versa: the drawing can be inscribed and read, the parts of the drawing can be counted, and if the plot of the work is fairy-tale, you can act out the fairy tale. Visual activities make the activity interesting and exciting for the baby. Before each lesson, the child must be interested in what he will be paint. For this Can:

Observe natural phenomena in advance (rain, snow, rainbow);

Dance and clap ( "like bunnies");

Sing a song (about the rain, about the geese, about the car);

Play a role-playing game ( "Locomotive", "Cat and Mice").

Examples of activities:

“Drawing the rain”

WHAT WE'RE LEARNING: ability to use paints and brushes; paint the technique of dipping; depict familiar natural phenomena.

WILL BE NEEDED: sheets of white paper, saucer with water, brush, watercolor paints.

HOW TO PLAY. Place a sheet of white paper in front of the baby and place a saucer of water. Offer him draw rain with water. Using your hand, show how to dip the brush into water and draw rain. Apply the brush to the leaf using leisurely, soft movements. Having filled the sheet with such rain, rejoice result: “What a rain! Lots of drops!”.Give to kid another sheet and place the paints in front of it. Help him put the right amount of paint on the brush and fill the sheet with strokes. Let there not be very many of them. There is no need to place the drops in a row - it will not look like real rain. Drawing rain can be combined with singing. Then the brush can be applied to the paper in time with the singing.

Rain, rain,

Drip and drip

Don't drip

It's been like this for a long time.

It's raining, it's raining,

It’s not given into your hands,

Drip-drip-drip-drip!

OPTIONS. Play with the finished drawing. Look at it with your baby and sing the song. While singing, you can tap the leaf with your fingers, imitating the sound of rain. You can knock with only two fingers, or you can knock with all of them at once.

“Drawing berries in the grass”

WHAT WE'RE LEARNING: skills painting with paints; different techniques drawing.

WILL BE NEEDED: sheets of white paper, a saucer with water, a brush, watercolor paints, 2-3 felt-tip pens.

HOW TO PLAY. Before draw berries for real, draw them first in the air and then on a sheet without using paint. Place the brush in the baby’s hands and, guiding his movements, draw a circle in the air, speaking: “This is such a round berry!” Let him try to repeat this movement on the sheet, after dipping the brush in water.

Help the baby draw on a blade of grass, a few straight or curved lines are enough. Then ask child draw berries on their own. If he fails, guide his hand by commenting on each movement: “This is how we draw a line, connect here!” You can paint over the berry, or you can leave only the outline.

Enough draw 3-4 berries. After the drawing has dried, offer to kid outline the berries with a contrasting colored felt-tip pen. At the same time with drawing It’s good to sing a song about berries. For example:

Let's go to the garden through the raspberries,

Let's go to the garden, let's go to the garden.

We'll pick raspberries

Let's dial, let's dial...

Secure the circular drawing movement is possible, drawing berries not in the grass, and on a plate. Demonstrate to kid How this is done is by drawing a large circle on a sheet of paper with a brush dipped in water. Have your child draw a plate directly on top of this line. Paint 3-4 berries inside the plate with paints. Place them far apart from each other, otherwise the paint will mix. You can go with berries draw tails and rounded leaves. Place a green marker in your hand child and show how they are drawn.

Material for a sliding folder.

Commandments for parents drawing with children.

1. Remember: child takes his first steps in art. This is a very important moment. Therefore, you should always be nearby - after all, many surprises can arise when a senior’s advice is important. Otherwise, in case of failure, child will lose all interest in visual arts for a long time. Moreover, together "to create" more fun.

2. Organize art exhibitions more often baby. But never criticize the drawings. Affirm everyone's right to individuality.

3. Child should feel joy from every lesson drawing. Therefore, the tasks that you set for him must be accessible to him, and they can only be made more difficult gradually.

4. Remember that failures can lead to development baby feelings of self-doubt, and this is undesirable. Praise more often child for his diligence, do not ignore any of his work. Do not forget, child Looking forward to your approval! He wants everyone to like his work. Enjoy it

successes and under no circumstances ridicule the young artist in case of failure. It doesn't matter that it didn't work out. It'll work out next time.

5. Provide an opportunity child to work"yourself". If you suggest every time that paint what paints to take, child in the future he will not be able to act independently. He will wait for a hint every time.

6. What if child quits work halfway, explaining that he doesn’t want to anymore? Maybe he doesn’t understand, it’s difficult or he’s tired? Think about it. Most likely, he just can’t do it, help him finish the drawing he started. Start your next lesson with what didn’t work last time. Today it will definitely work. It's bad if child will get used to not finishing the work he starts. This may later become a character trait. A joint drawing will and should bring joy to both you and to kid. Therefore - patience!

7. Collect drawings baby. Home drawing collection baby may play an archaeological role. If there are a lot of drawings at home and you need to make room, then deciding which drawings can be thrown away must be made together with child. Be friends with your children, because childhood passes so quickly! Go ahead and create! Let creativity bring joy to you and your children!

Along with the physical and intellectual development of the baby, it is necessary to pay enough attention to children's creativity. One of the ways to express it is through drawing. Many children love to create their own pictures. Usually they try to portray their favorite fairy-tale characters and people. Kids may be interested in how best to depict a particular object. Therefore, parents should be ready to help in preparing the drawing if the baby asks for it. For example, it is interesting to figure out how to teach a 5-year-old child to draw a person step by step. You can choose several options that even a preschooler can do.

How to teach a child to draw a person with a pencil?

You should start with simple methods. To do this you will need a simple pencil and paper.

Option 1

Every mother will be able to figure out for herself how to teach her child to draw step by step. This will allow you to spend your family leisure time interestingly and usefully.

Option 2

This simple option will also appeal to fidgets.

1. It is necessary to sketch out guide lines along which it will be convenient to later draw the body, arms, and legs. An oval (head) should be drawn in the upper part. The baby can do this on his own, under the guidance of his mother. You also need to mark the lines on the face where the eyes, nose, and mouth will be located.
2. Next, along the guides, you should draw the human body (legs, torso, arms). You can add a hairstyle, for example, funny ponytails. The kid can show his imagination and add a bag or other item to his hands. It is also necessary to detail the face, depicting the eyes, nose, and mouth.
3. Let the baby try to carefully remove all the extra lines on his own.

After studying the step-by-step instructions on how to teach a child to draw a person, you can easily explain this to even the smallest artist.

The first attempts to draw occur in early childhood, when the child picks up a pencil. He doesn’t yet understand that this is a drawing, but he is interested in the process itself. As we grow older and become more aware of the world around us, there is a need for a more detailed display of the environment. One of the key figures is people. Even parents who do not have artistic talents can help their child transfer the desired image onto paper by simply studying a technique such as step-by-step drawing for children 7-9 years old. You should not neglect such creative activities with your child, because through drawing the child shows his feelings, emotions, and attitude towards others.

As already indicated above, one of the ways to depict a person is step-by-step drawing. For children 7-9 years old it is most accessible and easy enough to understand. At this age, there is a need not only for a schematic representation, but also for achieving similarity to the original. You can help your child by explaining the basic rules and clearly demonstrating the process of image transfer.

Basic rules for drawing a person

It is best to start drawing with a pencil. For children, this method is most acceptable, since it is possible to correct the error by erasing the incorrect lines with an eraser.

Before starting work, it is necessary to explain the difference between an adult and a child. One of the main ones is height and proportions.

Simple rules:

• The measurement criterion is the head. From his own observations, a child at this age already knows that adults are taller, but the proportions are not disturbed. This is explained by the head to body ratio. In children, the head will be larger in relation to the body, respectively, in adults it will be smaller.
• The length of the arms should not be greater than the length of the legs.
• The elbow is at waist level, and the hand cannot be below the knee.
• The palm is smaller than the foot.
• Men have wider shoulders, women have wider hips.

Stages of drawing a human figure

Step-by-step drawing of a person begins with determining the size and location on the sheet. Having marked the top point (top of the head) and the bottom (feet), draw an auxiliary line connecting them. Now it is necessary to note: If this is a child, it should not be less than a fifth of the entire line, if it is an adult, it should not exceed a sixth. The head is depicted as an oval. We divide the remaining part of the auxiliary vertical line with small lines into parts equal to the size of the head.

Having decided on the head, we draw other parts of the body step by step with the children.

Features of a baby's drawing

Between the neck and the belt, 1 - 1.5 head sizes can be roughly accommodated (this is approximately the middle of the auxiliary line). The elbows will also be located at this level. Let's celebrate.

The knees will be located at the level of the second line from the bottom (the first is the end point).

The width of a child’s shoulders almost does not exceed the width of his head. Stepping back a little from it, draw a shoulder line (length no more than 1.5 times the size of the head).

Draw lines from the shoulders to the belt line and the same size below - these will be the arms.

Stepping back from the waist, roughly half the head, we draw the line of the pelvis.

The lines of the legs are drawn from the pelvis line to the end.

The baby's "frame" is ready.

Now that you know where the different parts of the body should be located, you can start drawing. In this case, you need to take into account the muscles of the arms and legs, the chest, and when drawing panties - the distance between the line of the pelvis and the end of the torso. To make it easier to determine the width of the chest, you can draw an oval from the head to the pelvic line, tapering slightly towards the bottom.

Having given volume to the frame, we draw clothes. It can be tight or loose, it doesn't matter anymore.

When working, it is important to take into account step-by-step drawing. For children 7-9 years old, it is quite possible to understand the need for sequence of images.

Drawing adults

Drawing an adult is carried out according to the same principle.

After dividing the central line into parts equal to the size of the head (there should be 7-8 parts, depending on the height of the person being depicted), the belt line is marked. It is located, conditionally, at the third mark from the head (or the fourth from the top point, the crown). Like the baby, the elbows will be on the same line.

The location of the knees is at the level of the 6th line (if the person is tall) or between the 5th and 6th (if the person is of average height).

Thus, in an adult, unlike a baby, the part of the body from the waist to the feet is longer.

Shoulder width on average accommodates two heads. For men they will be slightly wider, for women they will be narrower.

The designation of arms and legs follows the same pattern as for a baby. We also add volume and draw clothes.

Step-by-step pencil drawing as the basis for a future composition

Schematic step-by-step drawing with a simple pencil allows the child to most realistically depict what he wants. Using the initial frame (schematic representation in the form of lines and dashes), the figure can be given any position. Thus, in the picture the person can move, sit, etc. This will help you build the right composition and get a complete drawing.

Step-by-step drawing for children 7-9 years old makes it possible to correctly form the child’s understanding of the structure of the human figure. At this age, children are able not only to master this technique, but also to further improve their skills.

Master class “Drawing for the little ones.”

Master class on drawing for children “Snail”

Prepare: A4 landscape sheet, watercolor paints, brushes of different sizes, a jar for water and a napkin.

Master class on drawing for children “Turtle”.

Draw a “bun” in the center of the sheet with yellow paint, and draw 4 loops with brown paint.

Master class on drawing for children “Fish”

We draw a “bun” with yellow paint, draw arcs: top and bottom, it looks like an eye.

"Winter meadow".

Take a sheet of blue color, A4 format. We paint the koloboks with white paint. We draw lines, draw snowdrifts.

Master class on drawing for children “Hedgehog”.

We draw the “bun” with brown paint.

Child's work.
We draw a clearing for the hedgehog, the children fantasize.

Master class on drawing for children “Frog”.

Take a sheet of blue color, A4 format. Draw a “bun” in the center with green paint.

Master class on drawing for children “Cockerel”.

We draw a large bun - the body, a smaller bun - the head. We connect them with smooth lines, we get a neck.

Today, with the help of a detailed step-by-step lesson, we will learn draw a child with a pencil. The article describes the stages of construction and the creation of a shadow. The portrait of a baby differs from an adult in its parameters. The eyes and cheeks will be more expressive, and the nose and lips less so. So, let's start drawing and find out how how to draw a child Right.

Tools and materials:

1. White sheet of paper;
2. Simple pencils (hard and soft);
3. Eraser.

Stages of work:

Photo 1. At the first stage, use a simple pencil to sketch a rectangle without using a ruler. Making a drawing by hand:

Photo 2. Let's calculate the dimensions of our form. The height of the rectangle should fit one and a half times the width, which means one and half the height. If everything agrees in size, you can move on to the next point. But you should take the sizes responsibly, because if they are not calculated correctly, then the drawing will not turn out correct and beautiful. So let's double check:

Photo 3. We will use our rectangle as the basis for the face. Let's draw a slightly rounded upward line at the top. The right side will be lower than the left:

Photo 4. Using an eraser, remove the top horizontal line of the rectangle. We round the bottom corners:

Photo 5. Let's draw a similar curved line on top. Let's make serifs for the cheeks:

Photo 6. Now let's create the eyes. We retreat half a centimeter from the edge on the left and right and divide the segment into equal three parts. From the middle segment we lower two lines down, which will diverge slightly towards the bottom. Below we will define the chin and make it rounded. The nose will be located in the middle of the face, and from the nose to the chin we will make a notch for the mouth:

Photo 7. Add large oval eyes. Toward the edge they will be more pointed. Let's add holes on the nose. We can make the cheeks more “loose” and round them:

Photo 8. Add a header image. It will have a drawing of a bear cub and his ear on the right. The cap will show curves and small folds. Let's check the vertical line on the left. We slightly detail the lines of the collar of the sweaters. There will be several of them. Don't spend too much attention on clothes. The main task for a portrait is the face:

Photo 10. Let's determine the main direction and location of the shadow. The light will fall from the top right, which means the shadow will be located on the left. Let's grab the forehead, neck, left side of the nose, cheeks and chin:

Photo 11. Now using the shadow we create the shape of the face. It is important to remember that the direction of the strokes helps create volume. Add shadows around the eyes, forehead and nose. But you shouldn’t put too much shadow on your cheeks, because they stick out a little and receive a lot of light:

Photo 12. Add touches to the hat and ear. At the same time, we work on the facial features and the shadow on it:

Photo 13. We continue to work on volume. At this stage, we can lightly describe the clothes, identifying folds on them: