How to draw a circle using a ruler. How to draw an even circle without a compass? method of constructing an oval

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How to calculate the radius and draw a circle without a compass.

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Good afternoon, dear beginning self-taught seamstresses. Today I decided to write an article that will help us in the future to cut children's panama hats, adult beach hats, as well as a circle skirt, and of course flounces. As you guessed, we are talking about the ability to calculate the radius of a circle and be able to draw it without a compass. Because it is quite possible that we will need to draw circles of a size for which compasses are not sold. And not everyone has a compass at home.

So, the following is on the agenda:

• Calculation of the radius of a circle for a Panama hat, flounce and circle skirt.
• Three ways to draw a circle without a compass.

HOW TO CALCULATE THE RADIUS OF A CIRCLE.

What is it for, this radius calculation? To draw a circle, we need to know radius this circle - that is, the distance from one leg of the compass to the other.

Let’s say we need to draw the circumference of the bottom of a Panama hat, and all we know is the circumference of the child’s head. How wide should the legs of the compass be spread in order to ultimately obtain a circumference that matches the size of the baby’s head?

Or we need to draw the circumference of a circle skirt, knowing only that the circumference should perfectly match the circumference of our waist.

Now, so that everything is extremely clear and understandable, Let's look at 2 specific cases that are most often encountered in the work of seamstresses.

This is the calculation of the radius of the bottom of a Panama hat. And calculation of the radius on the circle skirt pattern.

So, let's go...

I beautifully painted this story in pictures directly with the text-reasoning. To make the whole sequence of brain work clear.)))

Means, to find out the radius, we need to divide our circumference of the baby’s head by 6.28.

We take a mobile phone, find a calculator in it and divide our 42 cm head circumference by 6.28 - we get 6.68 cm = that is, 6 cm and 6 mm. This is the radius.

This means that we need to move the legs of the compass apart to a distance of 6 cm 6 mm. And then the circle we drew will be equal to 42 cm - that is, it will lie evenly on the child’s head (just don’t forget to weigh it down by retreating 1 cm for seam allowances).

Situation two - you need to draw the circle of the circle skirt. All we know is the waist circumference and the length of the skirt that we ultimately want to get.

In the drawing of the sun skirt there are 2 circles. The small one (inner) should lie flat on our waist. That is, the length of this circumference should coincide with the waist circumference. The waist circumference is 70 cm, which means the circumference should be 70 cm (well, maybe there are all sorts of centimeters here and there in the form of a seam allowance, or some other additional trim in the form of a belt or yoke)

This means we need to find out what radius to draw the circle so that the resulting circle is the length we need 70 cm.

In the picture below I have described everything and how to calculate the radius of a small circle and how to then find out the radius of a large circle.

And when a small circle is drawn. All we need is to add the desired length of the skirt to the small radius - and we get a large radius for the large circumference of the skirt edge.

Now we've sorted out the calculations. We will sew skirts and hats - I will send you to this article.

Now let's figure out how to draw a circle of any size without a compass.

HOW TO DRAW A CIRCLE WITHOUT COMPASSES.

Here below I have illustrated three methods with three pictures. I hope that everything is clearly drawn and written.

Yes, this is a quick way - but you need to make sure that the pencils do not move to the side. We change the angle of the pencil's radius. Or it is necessary for one person to hold one pencil exactly, and the other to draw exactly perpendicularly with a second pencil.

In general, the lower the thread is tied, the more accurate the circle will be. That's why some people use small pins. The error when the pin is tilted to the side is small, and can be neglected when sewing.

And yet, the surest way to draw an exact circle without a compass is with the help of an ordinary ruler and pencil. This is what it looks like:

And then in a circle, we move the centimeter (like the hour hand on a watch) and mark points at the same distance - that is, on the same number on the centimeter tape. Instead of tape, you can use string with a mark on it - the main thing is to make sure that the string does not stretch at all.

Well, that’s all - another gap in knowledge has been eliminated - now you can swing both a circle skirt and a Panama hat - we know how to calculate radii. It's only the beginning! Soon you and I will become so smart that we will tackle the most complex models without fear. I’ll also tell you about the flounces and the base pattern - yes, we’ll draw you a real adult pattern-base in 30 minutes - and as they say, off we go... we’ll sew everything)))). And not only .

Olga Klishevskaya, especially for the site “Women’s Conversations”.

Article can only be copied to a personal computer or to the pages of a personal online diary WITH MANDATORY SAVING OF ALL LINKS INSIDE THE ARTICLE.

An arbitrary circle or an even circle in Photoshop is drawn according to the same rules as respectively. By and large, you need to use the same groups of tools, but adjusted for the shape of the figure.

Method 1: Ellipse Tool

Using this tool you can draw a circle or circle shape.

Let's start with the vector, that is, from a figure whose dimensions can be changed without loss of quality. To do this, select Ellipse tool, and in the options bar set the setting Shape layer.

Now draw a circle or circle. But first, choose a primary color other than white, otherwise you won’t see what you ended up drawing.

How to draw an even circle

By default, the circle is drawn free-form, that is, you draw nothing more than an oval with arbitrary dimensions. To draw an even circle, select one of the options:

1. hold down the Shift key;
2. On the tool options bar, select the option:

Once again, pay attention to this window with tool parameters. Here you can configure the ability to draw a figure according to specified sizes or proportions. Specify the desired dimensions/proportions in the width and height fields, and then simply click anywhere in the document - Photoshop will immediately display a circle with the specified values.

So, a vector circle or circle has appeared. This will be a solid colored shape layer.

Now, to be able to resize without losing quality, use the Ctrl+T command. When you no longer need a vector shape, you can use it to continue working on the shape using all the capabilities of Photoshop.

Raster shape this is done in exactly the same way, but at the very beginning you need to select another option in the options bar - Fill pixels.

After this, the circle will be created immediately as a raster one. Don't forget for her.

Method 2. Stroke the selected area - ring

Let's turn to another Photoshop tool - Oval area. The action plan is as follows: create a round selected area, and then outline its borders. As a result, we get a ring.

Draw a free-form circle or an even circle (holding the Shift key). You can also specify specified sizes or proportions for the selection in the tool options bar. To do this, from the drop-down list Style select the appropriate option. After this, the width and height fields will become active and you can enter the required numbers there.

Let's say we get a selected area like this:

Now you need to outline its borders. To do this, select the command: Editing - Stroke.

A new window will appear in which you specify the width of the stroke border and its color. There are also interesting settings on how the stroke width will be calculated:

• Inside- this means the frame will lie on the inside of the selected area;
• Centered- this means the frame will be divided equally into the part that runs inside the selection and the part on the outside;
• Outside- this means the frame will go around the dotted line of the selection.

Keep in mind. that the chosen option will affect the final dimensions of the circle (its width and height).

Now that the settings are entered, click OK. All that remains is to remove the dotted selection line - Ctrl+D.

If you notice an error in the text, select it and press Ctrl + Enter. Thank you!

Drawing a circle is not the most common task in life. It becomes even more difficult to gather your thoughts when you have to draw a circle by hand, without a compass, stencil or other auxiliary devices. But no one is immune from such a need. For some people more often, and for others less often, drawing a circle without a compass happens to everyone. For schoolchildren and students who forgot their cooking utensils at home. For parents of preschoolers who love to cut out “skirts” for cardboard dolls. Parents of schoolchildren who receive homework to make paper snowflakes. Housewives who regularly cover the bottom of the baking dish with suitable rounds of culinary parchment.

It’s easy to draw an even circle at home: take a plate, saucer or glass, place it upside down on paper and trace along the outline. How about drawing a perfect circle by hand? We bet the circle will look more like an oval, ellipse or polygon, depending on the precision of your coordination of movements? In the end, this is already a challenge to yourself. Will I be able to do such a trifle as drawing a perfect circle without a compass?! We know you can. If you practice and use a few tricks, you can draw an even circle without a compass and/or stencil, by hand.

What's the easiest way to draw a circle without a compass?
Forgetfulness is not a problem if you can compensate for it with resourcefulness. Let's say you left your compass at home while heading to a geometry lesson (on a topic related to circles) or a meeting (you urgently need to draw a visual pie chart). So that no one guesses about your absent-mindedness, gives you a bad grade or reprimands you, we offer you the following simple ways to draw a circle without a compass:

• Take a protractor from your pencil case (yours or your desk neighbor’s). This drawing instrument is famous for its versatility: it often replaces a ruler, and in the absence of a compass it will also perform its task. Place the protractor on the paper, placing the middle of its flat side at the point that will become the center of the future circle. Holding the protractor with your left hand, trace its rounded part with a pencil - this is half a circle. Now, being careful not to displace the center of the circle, rotate the protractor approximately 90° around the midpoint. Trace the rounded side again in a new location. Rotate the protractor on the paper to complete the circle and bring the pencil line to a full circle. In principle, you can draw a circle from two semicircles, but not all protractors allow this, so the three-step method is considered the most versatile and accurate.
  
• Even if there is no protractor nearby, you will have to violate the reputation of a diligent student and use an object that is not approved by all teachers: a CD. It will be easier for the manager at the meeting, because he will probably have a disk with a presentation or photos from a recent corporate event at hand. Place the disc on the paper and, pressing it with your left hand, trace it with a pencil with your right. If you need to draw a small circle, circle the disk not outside, but along the inner hole.
  
• Drawing a circle for a diagram by hand couldn't be easier! To do this, take an ordinary glass (glass or plastic disposable - it doesn’t matter), pretend that you want to wet your throat. Pour water into a glass (this will make it heavier and more stable), make sure that the bottom remains dry on the outside, and place it on a sheet of paper lying in front of you on the table. Now casually, without attracting too much attention and without making sudden movements, outline the bottom of the glass on the paper. Take another sip of water and place the glass away from the paper.
  

How to draw circles of different sizes without a compass?
To draw different circles without a compass evenly and beautifully, you will have to do without any aids: only paper, a pencil and the dexterity of your hands. But don’t be alarmed: it is the hands that can draw a circle without a compass. You can use these methods in almost any situation:

1. To draw a small circle by hand, literally, place a sheet of paper on a table or other flat horizontal surface, and take the pencil in your right hand in a normal motion. Bring your hand with a pencil to the paper and, slightly not completely lowering the lead onto the sheet, rest your little finger on the paper. The main condition: the little finger must press the sheet firmly against the table, but allow it to rotate around the axis, which is the point of contact of the pad of your little finger. Place the writing tip of the pencil on the paper and fix the position of the brush. With your other hand, rotate the sheet of paper around the little finger axis - and you will see how the stylus draws a perfect circle around it. A couple of tips: it’s more convenient to use a soft pencil (B or 2B) and cut your nails short.
   
2. To draw an even circle with a larger diameter, you will not need any other devices other than those listed in the previous paragraph. In the same way, take a pencil with a fairly soft lead with the fingers of your right hand. This time bend your little finger and press it against your palm, as if you were gathering your fingers into a fist. Lean on the crook of your little finger and repeat the previous technique. Rotate the piece of paper under your hand and hold the pencil still at a comfortable speed to create a neat circle. Manicure in this case no longer plays a big role. You can draw a medium-sized circle without a compass separately, or you can draw it around an already drawn small circle.
   
3. To draw a circle of even larger diameter, you can again use your own hands. The pattern of actions is repeated exactly until the moment of bending the fingers. But this time, lean not on your knuckles, but on the protruding part of your wrist. There is a protruding bone on the outside that will serve as an excellent support for your hand when drawing a circle. Hold the brush and pencil motionless in it, turning the sheet of paper on which an even circle of the desired size appears.
   

How to draw a large even circle without a compass?
It’s a little easier for schoolchildren, artists and office workers: their circles fit on small paper. But tailors and cutters have to work with larger surfaces, and circles are no less common in their work. The bottoms of panama hats and hats, the hems of sundresses and flared skirts - all these silhouettes are based on a circle. But this circle is often such that a compass commensurate with it simply does not exist. And this is how seamstresses came up with drawing circles without a compass:

1. First, determine which circle to draw by hand - that is, the radius of this circle. To do this, use a regular measuring tape to measure the desired area: waist circumference, head circumference or other parameter. Let's assume that this is a waist circumference of 60 cm.
   
2. The resulting number is the circumference. To find out the radius of a circle from the length, use the arithmetic formula: R= circumference/2∏. Accordingly, the radius of our circle will be equal to 60/2*3.14 = 60/6.28 ≈ 9.5 (cm). This is the radius of the circle that we have to draw by hand.
   
3. Take two pencils of the same length. Tie them with a strong thread, the length of which without taking into account knots (that is, the actual distance between the pencils when the thread is taut) is 9.5 cm. Place one pencil in the center of the future circle, and move the second one to the length of the thread.
   
4. Keeping the first pencil stationary, wrap the second in a circle, drawing a mark of the lead on the paper and keeping the thread tension the same throughout the entire process of drawing the circle.
   
5. Thus, we imitated the principle of a compass without having a compass to draw a large circle. The drawn circle is perfectly smooth and can be used to pattern a skirt belt.
   

How to draw a perfect circle without a compass
The main and perhaps only drawback of all the methods outlined above is the flaws in the circle being drawn. A circle drawn without a compass turns out to be approximately even, but not quite perfect, especially if you draw it in a hurry. There is a way to fix this problem. It will take a little more time, but you will be pleased with the result:

1. Take a piece of paper, a pencil and a ruler.
   
2. Decide what the radius of the future circle will be.
   
3. Place a dot on a piece of paper and mark it with a “0” mark on the ruler.
   
4. Place a second dot on the paper exactly next to the number indicating the radius you have chosen.
   
5. Move the ruler, place the “0” again on the starting point and place a second point according to the length of the radius.
   
6. Continue placing dots at equal distances from the center of the future circle.
   
7. As a result of these actions, you should get a circle drawn with a dotted line.
   
8. The more dots you put, the thicker the dotted line will be and the smaller the distance between its risks.
   
9. Connect the circle along the dotted line.
   

Any line, any stroke must express a certain form in the drawing. Thanks to strokes, lines are drawn, which, in turn, create various figures. Flat shapes have a rectilinear surface characterized by only two dimensions - length and width.

A square is a regular polygon, the axis of which is equal to four sides, and all four angles are right angles. Drawing a square on a small piece of paper with a pencil is not difficult, you just need to have a steady and confident hand. It is much more difficult to gain confidence when drawing a square in a large drawing. In such a case, charcoal is considered the most suitable drawing tool. Having calculated the size of the square, you should draw one of its vertical sides. Now from the top point of this straight line you need to draw a line perpendicular to it of exactly the same length. From the right point of this second line, draw a line perpendicular to it and parallel to the first. And finally, you need to combine the extreme points of two parallel lines.

The diagram below shows two squares, one larger (external), the other smaller (internal). Eight reference points are located on the symmetry axes of the large square. The vertices of the small square are located at a distance of two-thirds of the diagonals of the large square from its center. The vertices of a small square are united by smooth arcs, thereby forming a circle.

1. In order to draw a square, you need to know the length of its side.

2. From the top point of the vertical straight line, draw a line perpendicular to the first and equal in length to it.

3. Repeat the same action, finding the other top point of the square.

4. Finish creating the square by connecting parallel lines.

Rectangle

A rectangle is a regular polygon whose opposite sides are equal and all angles are right angles. When creating a rectangle, you need to perform the same steps as when depicting a square, but taking into account the difference in aspect ratio.

Circle

When creating a drawing, an indispensable tool, without a doubt, is a compass. In drawing, it is extremely important to learn how to draw without it. Until the skill of drawing a circle of the correct shape by hand has been formed, it is permissible to use some available means, for example, patterns or, as an improvised compass, even an ordinary cord. To achieve the goal, you can also mark reference points on two concentric squares.

How to draw a circle by hand

In order to learn how to draw a circle by hand, you should start practicing by creating small circles with a radius of about 5 cm. As a rule, at first the figures turn out to be somewhat oval in shape, then, as you gain practical experience, the circles take on the correct shape. To draw larger circles, it is advisable to mark reference points on two concentric squares or use a string to make the task easier.

It is not recommended to use a compass when creating drawings.

Practical advice: how to draw a circle using a cord

To develop the skill of creating the correct large circle, it is useful to use a cord.

1. With one hand, hold the tip of the cord at the point that will become the center of the circle. In your other hand, hold a piece of chalk and the other end of the cord at a distance that is equal to the radius of the circle.

2. Start drawing an arc from the point that will allow you to make the widest possible movement with the chalk.

3. To complete the circle, pass the hand holding the chalk under the hand holding the cord. At the same time, point your hand with the chalk in the opposite direction.

4. Make sure that the cord is kept at the same distance from the center of the circle, ensure that the beginning of the second semicircle is accurately connected to the end of the first.

The circle is also drawn using patterns. The simplest pattern can be the top of the glass.

Good day, dear readers. It's been a while since I wrote a tutorial on Photoshop. We need to fix it urgently. Today we’ll talk about one very simple thing that will be useful both for websites and other elements, and just for beautiful pictures and postcards.

Now you will learn how to draw a circle in Photoshop. It's very simple, fast and interesting. I will also show you some interesting options for making your own modern materials for the site, posts for groups on social networks, or just postcards that you won’t be ashamed to send to your friends.

How to draw simple, even and beautiful circles

The first thing you need to do is open Photoshop. Don't forget that you have the opportunity to use the online version pixlr.com .

I never tire of saying that you shouldn’t pay attention to simple (or other) options like Paint or some other nonsense. Learn to work in professional programs.

Now you will read an article about solving one problem, tomorrow about another, and in a year you will be able to complete very cool projects, even if you did not intend to do this at all. Set global goals for yourself. But let's return to the main topic.

Create a new document.

Let's say it will be 500 x 500 pixels in size. It doesn't matter.

Now find the ellipse tool in the control panel. If you can’t find it right away, try holding down the mouse button on the menu buttons on the left for a few seconds. Perhaps the ellipse is hidden under the rectangle.

Now let's draw a circle.

To make the circle even, hold down the shift button on the keyboard. It helps maintain proportions.

Once you're done, an additional control panel will pop out. It duplicates the one at the top of the screen. You can work in whichever one you like best, it doesn’t matter.

If you need to draw a figure of the required diameter, change these values ​​to the necessary parameters. Let it be 500. Look, if for some unknown reason only one indicator changes, do not forget to change the second one, otherwise you will draw an ellipse.

You can use a gradient, a pattern, or choose one color. Open additional panels to expand your capabilities.

Here you can also use different techniques: gradient, pattern, one color or without a stroke.

If you want to change the line itself, look at the next column.

By the way, I completely forgot to say, if you use a gradient for filling, then try a radial effect so that the color comes from the center.

Another interesting effect

You can draw a circle directly on the picture or move it to the photo using the ctrl+c (copy) and ctrl+v (paste) buttons.

Now work with the opacity (in the left panel). Make sure that the layer you are working with is highlighted in the panel. In this case, an ellipse.

You can write some text in the circle.

If you have any difficulties, you can download the psd layout of this picture, which you see in the screenshot above, and dig deeper into it. It's more interesting to learn this way. Understand my example yourself. It's not difficult at all. ( DOWNLOAD >> )

There are layers: a photo of the savannah (background), a circle with a gradient (ellipse 1) and text. If you download this file, you can and should open it using Photoshop, and then have fun as you wish.

Or here is another picture that you can download ( DOWNLOAD >> ).

To create it, in addition to those moments that you already know, on each layer I right-clicked and changed the blending parameters.

Download this layout and see for yourself, maybe you can improve the result significantly! Don't be shy and leave your options in the comments.

For those who want to comprehend

If you like my lessons, then I advise you to subscribe to my blog’s mailing list and receive information about the latest interesting publications directly to your email. It's really convenient.

However, you must admit that in order to learn and become a professional you will have to wait a lot. After all, in addition to Photoshop, I talk about WordPress, how to sell and create websites, about plugins and negotiating with customers.

If you want to learn Photoshop in order to create websites, I can recommend two more options. The first one is lessons from here - “ WEB DESIGN for beginners" I have already written about them in detail. In principle, if you want, you can learn a lot for free, in three days, which are provided as a test period. Very useful and great.

However, this is cool if you study for yourself. If you are interested in making big money, then pay attention to Netology, namely this course - “ Web designer: effective website from idea to implementation »:

Yes, the price, of course, bites.

But what program and what teachers are waiting for you?

Here you have the director of Red Keds, and the creator of interfaces from Kaspersky Lab, and a bunch of other eminent and successful guys from world-famous companies. Upon completion you receive a diploma. This one is really worth a lot.

OK it's all over Now. Now you know the maximum and I can take my leave with peace of mind.

Good luck in job!