New technologies in arts and crafts. Modern technologies for manufacturing objects dpi konova s.v.

Sections: Technology

Object of labor: floral panel using the “Stylized Stained Glass” technique.

Materials and tools: colored xerox paper, moment glue “Crystal”, hot glue gun, organza fabric (nylon, veil), scissors, wire, fishing line, beads, beads, frame for the panel.

Equipment: product sample, booklet “From the history of the bouquet” ( Annex 1 ), instruction card “Making composition details using the technique of stylized stained glass.” ( Appendix 2 )

Basic concepts:

Stained glass – French word translated means window glass. The main principle is free viewing in the light.
Capron– thin, transparent, artificial fabric.
Kant – the distance between the outer and inner cutout of the part.

PROGRESS OF THE MASTER CLASS

I. Introductory part

The inexhaustible imagination of living nature, which is an example of constructive expediency, harmony and beauty, amazes the imagination. Very often there is an irresistible desire to preserve this natural beauty for a long time, capturing it in all possible ways.
How bizarre and unusual is what a woman can create with her own hands. Artificial flowers are a gift from Ancient Egypt, women who lived 3 thousand years BC. It would seem that all the ways to convey the subtlety and grace of natural motifs have already been invented before us. But creative inspiration has no limits. And then and now, we always strive to decorate our home, clothes, and accessories with elegant floral decorations, and in our desire to prolong the charm, we come up with little tricks.
The impetus for the creation of the “stylized stained glass” technique was the classic “stained glass”.

Stained glass(French vitrage - glazing, from Latin vitrum - glass)- a work of decorative art of a fine or ornamental nature made of colored glass, designed for through lighting and intended to fill an opening, most often a window, in any architectural structure.

“Stained glass” is a French word, translated means window glass, “glass”.
In classic stained glass, the base is a metal frame, between the openings (windows) of which colored glass is placed. Light passing through colored glass creates a special decorative effect, such a color palette that the interior is filled with fabulousness and mystery.
People learned to make stained glass a long time ago. Already in ancient Egypt and ancient Rome, stained glass windows decorated the homes of pharaohs, kings, and noble people.
Old Russian masters decorated royal chambers, cathedrals, and temples with stained glass. In the 17th-18th centuries, Russian craftsmen invented small stained glass. They called him LICAJOUR. These are elegant decorative vases, candy dishes, cups, boxes, chandeliers; the shape of which is made of precious metals (gold, silver, platinum), with empty decorative windows that are filled with colored glass.

At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, stained glass panels dominated. This evolutionary transformation not only radically changed the iconography of stained glass, but also enormously expanded the scope of their application. In the era of eclecticism, the location of stained glass in a house was strictly limited by the window opening. Now stained glass “came out” of the “frame” of the window: compositions of colored glass began to be included in interior partitions, then multi-colored glass ceilings and domes appeared, after which stained glass “broke out” beyond the walls of the house: illuminated signs, advertising signs made of glass letters transformed the appearance cities.

The ancient technique of stained glass - a mosaic set of figured pieces of glass - began to be actively used for many applied items: furniture, fireplace screens, screens, mirrors, musical instruments, jewelry. And after improving the method of connecting glass to each other, stained glass technology began to be used not only for flat surfaces, but also for three-dimensional objects - lamps and fixtures of the most bizarre shapes.

In modern practice, plastic, chemical films, plexiglass, etc. are used to make stained glass windows. Stained glass windows can be made not only from colored glass and iron, but also from fabric, leather, cardboard and paper.

The main principle is free viewing in the light.

II. Preparation for practical work

Practical teachers often look for interesting, non-standard ways to involve children in arts and crafts activities.
The technique of “stylized stained glass” will leave a lot of positive emotions from the work process and a desire to improve skills in this matter.
Children can work in this technique already at the elementary level, becoming familiar with the world of beauty of their native nature. After all, it is very important in childhood to discern the unusual color scheme of the petals, the elegance and subtlety of the stamens and stems, and the unique shape of the leaves. In the process of work, fine motor skills of the hands, skills of symmetrical cutting, accuracy, perseverance, eye, creative thinking and imagination develop.
To work with this technique, you do not need complex tools (as in the manufacture of artificial flowers: balls, knives, soldering iron, etc.) or hazardous materials, as in the manufacture of classic stained glass: metal frame, glass, etc.). You need to stock up on ordinary colored photocopy paper and pieces of transparent fabric - orgaza, nylon or chiffon. Paper will be replaced by a heavy metal frame, and transparent fabric will be replaced by dangerous glass, leaving only the effect of transparency, tenderness and uniqueness.

You should use only photocopier paper, since only this material has advantages during the work process: parts can be easily shaped while maintaining the appearance of the product, it does not break, does not roll, or tear.

To glue paper frames, use moment glue “Crystal”, it does not leave stains, excess is easily removed by rolling. When gluing finished parts of the composition, use a glue gun.

It is better to use organza or nylon fabric. It has sufficient rigidity and shimmers very well in the sun. But if your plan requires using chiffon, mesh or other soft fabric, give it additional rigidity in advance.

III. Practical work

The process of making flowers using the “stylized stained glass” technique can be divided into several important stages. ( Appendix 2 )

1. Make a sketch of the future composition.
Determine the shape of the flowers and leaves, and according to this, make patterns of the flower parts in half form for symmetrical cutting. The edge width must be at least 0.5 cm.

2. Fold the paper so that when cutting you get two symmetrical parts.
To ensure that the cut lines match exactly when gluing, mark the parts in a mirror image. Glue symmetrical parts onto the fabric on both sides, matching the cuts and cutouts.

3. Let the glued parts dry and cut them out, leaving an edge of 0.3-0.4 cm.

4. Shape the flower details. This can be done in several ways: wet the cut out part and secure it to the mold, then dry it; using scissors;
Make blanks of small elements of the composition: stamens, branches of beads, wire springs, etc.

5. Connect the flower parts together. Secure the stamens. Group the details of the composition. Prepare the base frame.

6. Attach parts of the composition to the base in accordance with the plan.

7. Finalize the composition: glue beads, beads, sprinkle with glitter.

I wish you creative success!

Svetlana Zheleznichenko
The use of modern technologies in arts and crafts

Creation– this is not just a surge of emotions, it is inseparable from knowledge, skills, and emotions accompany creation, spiritualize human activity. When solving any problems, an act occurs creativity, a new path is found or something new is created. This is where the development of special qualities of the mind is required, such as observation, the ability to compare and analyze, find connections and imagine everything that together constitutes Creative skills.

And the children's creation- this is a wonderful and mysterious country, helping a child enter it and learn to feel at home there means making the life of a little person more interesting and richer. Ability to compare, analyze, combine, find and dependencies –

all this together constitutes Creative skills. Normal children have a variety of potential abilities. Nature

endowed them with the ability to think brightly and emotionally, empathize with new things, and perceive the world holistically. The teacher’s task is to identify and develop creative potential in accessible and interesting for children

activities.

Developing abilities means equipping a child with ways

activities, give him the key, the principle of doing the work, create

conditions for the identification and flourishing of his talent. Abilities are not just

manifest themselves in work, they are formed, develop, flourish in work and

perish in inaction. Therefore, for development creative activity requires the creation of certain conditions. Lessons creativity are unthinkable without creating a special emotional atmosphere of passion that promotes creative, creative activity. After all, all this is an integral element for the development of spiritual and creative personality.

The entire arsenal of means should work to captivate, ignite, and mentally awaken students. Right now, in the age of scientific technical progress when they developed modern technologies, society needs more than ever creative, courageous, enterprising individuals. This progress will depend on quantity and quality creative minds, on their ability to increase the intellectual potential of the people.

It turns out that everyone should become creators? Yes! Let some to a lesser extent, others to a greater extent, but definitely all. Where do you get so many talented and capable people? Nature is not always generous with talents; they are rare, like diamonds.

At the turn of the century and in the background technological revolution, humanity is developing so dynamically that the relevance of the search for the unshakable foundations of evolution, primarily of a philosophical and moral nature, increases. In this regard, it has unique properties. It contains the wisdom of all generations in a concentrated symbolic form. Signs awaken ideas embedded in the “historical genes” of a nation. The compactness and visuality of the sign makes it ideal for wide dissemination and influence on people's consciousness. New technologies can significantly enhance this effect.

The use of modern technologies in arts and crafts determined by its specificity. This type of human activity dates back centuries, is based on ethnocultural traditions, and has the character of know-how. That's why arts and crafts hardly crosses the boundaries of local territories where it was born and developed. Modern technologies, which do not know national borders and allow the rapid exchange of large volumes of diverse information, are increasingly reducing the barrier to dissemination. Computers make it possible to reduce the amount of monotonous work when sketching ornaments and free up flight creative thought.

Thus, modern technologies and materials, meeting the specifics arts and crafts, can be divided into two types, which I conventionally call “Internet technologies", promoting education and dissemination creativity, and "computer technologies", developing creativity technology.

Let's consider modern state of information technologies in arts and crafts using the example of handicrafts. There are a number of craft sites on the Internet, and their number is growing. The sites present the following Services:

Information about various types of needlework;

Information about organizations;

Information about exhibitions and other events;

Online stores of products, equipment and literature;

Online clubs for exchanging information, including product designs and know-how.

Current Internet resources do not cover the entire variety of handicrafts creativity, the information provided is far from complete. The resources of Great Britain seem to be the most developed, where traditional types of handicrafts and related businesses are widespread.

Thus, in Russia there are broad prospects for expanding and improving Internet resources for handicrafts and arts and crafts in general.

Publications on the topic:

Consultation “Use of didactic games to form preschoolers’ ideas about folk arts and crafts” There are no uncreative people, there are different types of creativity. Creative and, alas, destructive. Ethnic cultures are based on creative creativity.

Consultation “Use of modern computer technologies in music classes” Dear guests, we are pleased to welcome you to the methodological association of music directors. Theme of methodological unification: use.

“Introduction of modern educational and rehabilitation technologies in the Children’s Home” Early childhood is the foundation of a child’s overall development, the starting period of all human beginnings. It is in the early years that the foundations are laid.

Geocaching is one of the modern technologies of preschool education Everyone understands that the world does not stand still and new technical capabilities open up new forms of human activity. Here's the Internet. For someone.

IMG]/upload/blogs/detsad-331773-1427814987.jpg In my classes I use various pedagogical technologies that provide.

The use of modern pedagogical technologies in the educational space of preschool educational institutions Slide 2. The Federal State Educational Standard came into force on January 1, 2014 and approved the requirements for the structure of the Program, the conditions for the implementation of the Program and the results of development.

Moscow State Humanitarian University named after M.A. Sholokhov

Keywords

People creation, DPI, the region are of decorative and applied skill, highly technological machine processes, production material, bubbly aluminum film, titanium foam, grafenovyy aerogel, molecular super-Clay

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Abstract to the article

The article discusses the importance of decorative and applied arts in the modern World. The main problems of the existence of folk art are noted. New trends in the development of decorative creativity are described. Innovative materials are presented that can be used in the manufacture of DPI items.

Text of a scientific article

Throughout the existence of human society, the main area of ​​artistic creativity has been decorative and applied arts. Initially, it existed as folk art, and did not go beyond the scope of craft, but over time it took shape into an independent art form. This process was closely related to the class stratification of society, because art objects were created exclusively for the nobility in order to emphasize their status and high position in society. And in our time, authentic objects of decorative and applied art are available only to the elite, while the rest have to be content with mass-produced goods. The urban culture of modern Russia in the 1990-2000s formed and placed on a par with the generally recognized established areas of decorative art of the twentieth century, such types of art as fabric painting, printed material, tapestry, artistic ceramics, glass, jewelry, artistic enamel, lacquer miniature painting and artistic painting on wood and metal. Thus, the areas of creativity that previously lay on the periphery of “high” decorative art stand on a par with traditional crafts and needlework, and on top of everything else, they have many years of experience in non-professional amateur art and artistic craft, both in our country and abroad. Patchwork, or patchwork sewing, beading, artistic embroidery (including gold and embroidery), loop (carpet) embroidery, non-woven tapestry made using stitching and needle punching techniques, icon painting, painting of Easter eggs and matryoshka dolls, and artistic dolls have gained wide popularity. However, at the same time, the leading directions of decorative art underwent a serious evolution, and their creative spectrum expanded both due to the participation in the artistic processes of a significant number of non-professional performers, and due to the reorientation of professionals from exhibition and museum-exclusive samples to salon products, items for private interiors and art design. This phenomenon has both positive and negative sides. There is no doubt that for the development of DPI, it is necessary to move forward - the search for new ideas, plans, technologies and means of transmitting the created images. However, in the pursuit of innovation, it is very important not to lose touch with the past, with the traditions of artistic craft that have developed over centuries. And this is a very difficult task, because... In connection with the change in the World, priorities also change, which, unfortunately, are not always focused on high art and quality of applied arts products. Artists attracted by commercial gain often forget about the value of the artistic heritage of the past. However, in the 2010s, with the spread of digital technologies and the emergence of new colorful and plastic materials, including polymer ones, the fields of decorative art began to closely interact with each other and merge with sculpture and graphics. Authors began to use photographic images as artistic elements and relied on high-tech machine processes when creating decorative items. In particular, over the past few years, humanity has invented a number of different technologies and devices. However, the most important component that calls into question the very implementation of inventions in practice is the production material from which various things are made and without which it is impossible to bring certain ideas to life. Recently, materials have been invented that are poised to change the future, as their potential uses and applications are virtually limitless. Aluminum Bubble Wrap A material invented by a team of engineers at the University of North Carolina could be very useful in the production of protective equipment, product packaging and decorative products. To make it, scientists take a sheet of aluminum, roll a spiked roller over it to create uniform depressions, fill these depressions with a foaming agent like calcium carbonate or titanium hydrate, place a second sheet of the same sheet on top, roll it, and place it in an oven. Under the influence of high temperature, foaming begins and, as a result, air layers form in place of these same “bubbles”. Further production tests confirmed that this metal weighs 30 percent less than conventional sheets, while at the same time it is almost 50 percent stronger and absorbs external energy much better. In addition, the cost of producing such material is not so high compared to conventional ones. At the same time, the scope of its application is almost innumerable: from the production of shipping containers, packaging for fragile items, to the production of bicycle helmets and the creation of works of decorative art. Titanium foam By combining polyurethane foam sponge, titanium powder and special binding components, scientists have the opportunity to create a material from metal that is shaped like a sponge (or foam). During its production, the main frame made of polyurethane foam evaporates and as a result, a kind of “foam” structure is obtained from titanium, which can subsequently be endowed with the necessary properties and shapes when exposed to additional temperature. The final properties will depend on the level of porosity of such a sponge. But the most basic ones - its strength and incredible lightness - will remain. Graphene airgel Just a couple of months ago, this material won the title of the lightest material in the world. Prior to this, the palm in this property belonged to aerographite, whose density is 0.18 mg/cm3. In turn, the density of the newly developed graphene airgel is only 0.16 mg/cm3, which is lower than that of helium and only two times lower than that of hydrogen. Graphene airgel can literally “float” in the air. Artificial spider silk Silk is a surprisingly durable natural material, but it is not as easy to obtain as it seems. So Japanese startup company Spiber decided to develop a way to produce a synthetic version of this material. The company was able to identify the gene for fibroin, a key component that allows spiders to produce webs. Having identified this gene, the company bioengineered a bacterium that can produce silk incredibly quickly. Moreover, this approach opened up the opportunity for Spiber to create new types of silk in a very short period of time, literally within 10 days from the start of development to its introduction into production. At the same time, the bacterium is not very picky about food; it feeds on sugar, salt and other microelements. Afterwards, it produces a special protein, which the company’s engineers grind into powder, and then from it they create a material from which not only threads can be made, but also given any desired shape. One gram of fibroin is enough to produce 9 km of silk thread. By 2015, Spiber plans to create 10 metric tons of this miracle material. Molecular superglue A group of researchers from Oxford University, inspired by the ability of the Streptococcus pyogenes bacterium to cling to other cells, created a new molecular superglue based on this principle. To produce it, scientists took one type of protein from bacteria, the one responsible for adhesion to human cells, and based on it they came up with an adhesive that creates a connection at the atomic level upon contact with neighboring cells. The bond is so strong that during laboratory tests, the equipment on which the tests were carried out broke faster than the glue could withstand. Now scientists need to find a way to combine proteins with other selected molecular structures, which will create ultra-strong types of selective adhesives that will not stick fingers together. All these innovations are quite applicable in the manufacture of decorative and applied arts products. The main thing is not to forget about the history of folk crafts that has evolved over centuries and preserve it in new, innovative incarnations.

New Technologies in arts and crafts

Modern views

arts and crafts

additional education teacher

MBU DO TsRTDIU im. A. Gaidar

G. Arzamas

2018

New technologies in arts and crafts

Trimming - a type of paper art that involves creating an applicative mosaic made from small pieces of corrugated (crepe) paper.

Encaustic - a painting technique in which the binder of paint is wax. Painting is done with melted paints (hence the name). A type of encaustic painting is wax tempera, characterized by its brightness and richness of colors. Many early Christian icons were painted using this technique. Originated in Ancient Greece.

Kumihimo- An ancient Japanese weaving technique.

Fredpoint - creating paintings using small pieces of wool threads. “Fredpoint” is the name of the technique that was invented by the Khitkov family (from the English “thread” - yarn and “point” - point).

Kinusayga - a type of amateur art, the creation of artistic products (like mosaics) from multi-colored pieces of fabric.

Felting - a special needlework technique, during which wool for felting is used to create a pattern on fabric or felt, three-dimensional toys, panels, decorative elements, items of clothing or accessories.

Tapestry - thematic and decorative wall compositions made using the classical technology of weaving trellises from dyed wool, linen, cotton and synthetic threads. A tapestry is created at the loom.

Batik - Art painting on fabric

Linocut - engraving, that is, a print from a design carved on linoleum or a similar plastic material

Ganutel - exclusive Maltese handicrafts. The ganuteli uses thin spiral wire and silk threads to wrap the parts, as well as beads, pearls or seed beads. Brilliant flowers turn out graceful and light.

Guilloche - technique of burning an openwork pattern onto fabric manually using a burning machine

Tsumami Kanzashi .

The Tsumami technique is based on origami. Only they fold not paper, but squares of natural silk. The word "Tsumami" means "to pinch": the artist takes a piece of folded silk using tweezers or tweezers. The petals of future products are then glued to the base.

Creative

success!

Thank you for your attention!

The ability to be creative is genetically inherent in humans. Art arose as a result of man’s natural need for beauty, for sensory satisfaction from what he created or saw.
The oldest type of artistic activity is decorative and applied art (DA). People have always sought to decorate themselves, their homes and the things they used. From the most ordinary materials - stone, metal, wood, clay - people created genuine works of art that expressed the master's emotional and aesthetic perception of the world around him.

All DPI works can be divided into two groups. The first is represented by household items (clothing, various utensils, dishes, furniture, fabrics), where the beauty of the item is inextricably linked with its benefits.

The second group is represented by objects for decorative purposes; a freer interpretation of the means of expression is possible here, these are panels, decorative vases, souvenirs, etc.

Decorative statues, tapestries, mosaics, panels occupy a special place. They can be both a means of decorating the architectural environment and independent works.

Decorative and applied art has a direct connection with the everyday needs of people and its own means of expression. Throughout its life, humanity is engaged in a variety of activities: household life, sports, creativity, a wide range of social, labor, religious functions, etc. There are a huge number of different household items, things that help a person perform different actions. Many of them are related to the field of DPI. Such items are made from different materials and different techniques can be used. Considering the important role of the constructive-technological principle in the decorative and applied arts and its direct connection with production, DPI works are classified according to the functional characteristics of the use of DPI objects, by belonging to different types of materials and by manufacturing technology.

Classification of DPI according to functional characteristics of use.

Bijouterie.

Jewelry.

Jewelry made from natural materials.

Lighting.

Items for interior decoration, etc.

Types of DPI according to execution technology.

Carpet making.

Weaving.

Artistic painting of eggs.

Manufacturing of glass products.

Pottery.

Artistic metal processing.

Vytynanka.

Wicker weaving.

Floristics.

Folk painting.

Artistic processing of bones, etc.

Classification by materials.
Artistic fabrics.

Artistic textiles.

Artistic ceramics.

Art glass.

Artistic metal.

Artistic woodworking (carving, carpentry, cooperage).

Artistic processing of leather.

The types of DPI will be discussed in more detail in the following articles.

According to the method of manufacturing objects of modern DPI exist in two forms: industrial and craft.

The social division of labor at the manufacturing stage and the development of industry led to the fact that the benefits and beauty, purpose and design of manufactured products became the prerogative of different specialists.

Over time, an art industry emerged—the machine production of decorative and applied products that were used to decorate residential and public buildings and household items. Nowadays, in addition to artistic crafts, mass production of DPI works is provided by special enterprises of the art industry.

Products of professional and folk arts and crafts are similar in many ways, but there are also differences. The people's artist mainly performs his work by hand. The master can work both alone and in a team. Handicrafts are not mass-produced. Even if folk artists make a series of products in a workshop, each item is still individual.

DPI works created at art industry enterprises or in workshops are usually produced in mass quantities. Standardization imposes certain restrictions on the creativity of artists, making things and objects similar. Also, specialists must take into account the demand for the product, the quality of the materials from which the thing will be made, and the availability of equipment the required power, etc. But professional artists also create original designs that exist in a single copy. If a specialist receives an individual order, then he is free from restrictions and can create such a unique thing as his creative talent and the customer’s requirements allow.

The organic unity of the form of an object, which clearly defines its purpose, and the artistic and visual means that make the object beautiful, reflect the professional skill of the author.

There are also third direction in creating DPI products, it can also be classified as a craft form. This is a huge army of admirers of creative activity and handicrafts in everyday life. These are people who do not have special education, amateurs, for whom this is a certain type of amateur artistic activity, a unique form of recreation, and currently an opportunity for additional income. Knitting, embroidery, carpentry, flower making, embossing, carving, etc. are types “at-home” activities that introduce people to artistic creativity, shape taste and high artistic needs.

Creativity at home in our time has received the name “handmade”, from the English “handmade” - handmade, and the process of creating unique products also bears this name.

The fashion for handmade goods came from the West in the 21st century. Nowadays this word is used practically to designate everything creative and original, any handicraft into which a particle of the author’s warmth is invested.

“Be happy using me,” engraved on a small silver spoon by a master from the distant Roman era. This motto can still be applied to all types of applied art - let people for whom benefit and beauty are inseparable be happy.