Reflections on the topic we are different, we are together. Essay "We are different, but we are together"
Anastasia Khramova
Project “We are different, but we are together”
Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution "Kindergarten No. 28"
Project
"We different but we together!»
Made up:
teacher Khramova A. O
G. Arzamas, 2015
Relevance.
The project organized within the framework of multicultural education of preschool children, which has recently acquired particular relevance.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, our multinational, multicultural state split into several parts and many formerly union republics began to show outright hostility. Many years of friendly, intercultural ties have been disrupted. National hostility began to grow. As a consequence of such events, the communication skills of modern children are impaired. Modern children have difficulty communicating due to the increased level of danger from the social environment. The modern world can be dangerous for a child; cases of violence have become more frequent. Decent parents do not let their children go out without supervision. The formation of a children's micro-community, which in the past was in every yard, is being disrupted. We often hear the phrase from parents: “Don’t be friends with this child...”.
Children often show cruelty towards each other, towards disabled people, towards people of other nationalities, towards poorly dressed people. Children lose empathy, mutual understanding, and mutual assistance.
Multicultural education of children in a pedagogical sense is presented as a purposeful educational process, a process of creating conditions for the formation of a child’s multiculturalism, as a component of the process of socialization of the child’s personality - a future citizen, who is the key to a prosperous spiritually developed society. Cultivate tolerance, respect for other people, mutual understanding, develop skills in conducting constructive dialogue, and the ability to resolve conflicts without violence. It is more effective to begin cultivating these qualities from preschool age, when the process of personality formation has just begun.
The relevance of the issue is also due to a specific group of children. The team in our group is not united. Children are friends in micro-groups, many parents have conflicts and this is reflected in the children’s relationships. There is a need to unite the group's staff. It was decided to correct the situation by means project activities. And so it appeared project"We different but we together» .
Target: To develop the skills of communicative interpersonal and intercultural interaction of preschool children, to contribute to the formation of personality in the spirit of tolerance and peacefulness.
Tasks:
Expand students’ understanding of the culture and traditions of the peoples of Russia and neighboring countries;
Update family values and traditions;
Develop communication skills for interacting in society;
Foster mutual understanding, mutual assistance, solidarity, promote the development of a sense of spirituality
Participants project: pupils (second youngest - preparatory group for school, parents of pupils, teachers, music director.
Age of pupils: to the beginning project activities 3-4 years
Duration project: 4 years (2012-2013 y. - 2016-2017 y.)
Type project: cognitive-creative
Expected results:
Students’ understanding of the culture and traditions of the peoples of Russia and neighboring countries will expand;
Updating family values and family traditions;
Initial communication skills for interaction in children's groups and society will be developed;
Pupils will develop feelings of mutual understanding, mutual assistance, solidarity, and tolerance.
Implementation stages project
STAGE 1: 2013-2014 year "Preparatory"
Goal setting
Solving organizational issues
Studying methodological literature
Selection of didactic material.
STAGE 2: 2014-2017 "Implementation"
Substages:
1. 2014 – 2015 G. (average age)
Getting to know the traditions of the group, family and kindergarten.
Events held:
For 2014-2015. was delivered target: acquaintance with the traditions of the group, family and kindergarten. These topics fit organically into the long-term planning of preschool educational institutions. Traditional topics for middle age "Friendship", "My family", "My kindergarten" will be filled with additional content.
Work on multicultural education began with the introduction to family values, as the smallest unit of society. In recent years, there has been a problem of a decline in the level of moral culture of the majority of modern parents, the loss of the family function of transmitting significant cultural and life values to children. The current situation is a consequence of changes that have occurred in society and public consciousness.
Parents of the students were asked to draw up family trees and write short stories about family traditions. While organizing the work, it was noted that many parents did not even think about whether their family had traditions. Some, having drawn up a family tree, brought it to kindergarten without introducing the child to it.
To solve the problem, it was decided to hold a parent meeting and explain to parents the relevance and importance of this issue.
Family traditions are the spiritual atmosphere of a home, which is made up of the daily routine, customs, way of life and habits of its inhabitants. Family and everyday traditions and customs must be preserved and improved, because they largely express the folk ideal of those human qualities, the formation and presence of which predetermines family happiness, a favorable family microclimate and human well-being in general. Each nation has its own traditions and customs.
After the work was done, the situation improved. We made a presentation as a group "My Family Tree". It was nice to see that the children were happy to talk about their family; many families approached the task creatively. I will show you the best presentation of family tradition.
I would like to emphasize that family traditions and relationships leave an imprint on the formation of a child’s moral qualities. No wonder folk wisdom reads: “A child learns from what he sees in his home. His parents are an example to him.”.
A parent meeting dedicated to family traditions is planned for the second half of the year, using active forms of interaction with parents. The goal of which will be to create conditions for the exchange of experience in the formation of family traditions between parents of pupils.
It was decided to begin work on uniting the children's team and developing communication skills by using collective forms of work. In the summer of 2014, the group organized project"Little gardeners". The guys enjoyed working out joint activities. We studied, in addition to the main tasks project, mutual assistance, mutual assistance, empathy for the positive result of a common cause.
When organizing creative activities, we try to use collective forms, collective creative work. We learn to give in to each other, help, not interfere, and contribute to the success of all team members.
One of the brightest collective works is "Garland of Friendship", for which the guys and I made dolls with our own hands. With this work, we participated in an international peacekeeping campaign on the MAAM website. The action is taking place in the name of peace on the planet. The guys and I got to know what a kuvadka doll is. We learned that this is a traditional Russian amulet, talked about how important it is to be friends and resolve conflicts without violence, and what consequences conflicts can lead to. And that children, as future adult members of society, should always remember this.
Also, the group’s pupils participated in general kindergarten collective creative events, which are also a tradition of our kindergarten. Our kindergarten holds a holiday every year "Old Person's Day", to which older employees are invited, both those who work in kindergarten and those who have retired. Many of them earned the title of labor veteran within the walls of the d/s; we have 17 of them and this is a special pride of the institution. The pupils took part in a festive concert; in the group we learned in detail about the history of the kindergarten and discussed why this event is of particular importance.
The guys and I also came up with a tradition groups: celebrating the birthday person's day. In our group, the children’s birthdays were selected so that most birthdays fell in October, March and June. We are holding a celebration for all the kids whose birthday is coming up.
2. 2015 – 2016 G. (older age)
Getting to know the culture and traditions of the region and Russia
Planned events:
Visit to the historical and art museum of Arzamas, getting acquainted with the history of the city
Visit to the Museum of Applied Arts. Outcall
City sightseeing tour
Virtual tour of the Nizhny Novgorod region
Nizhny Novgorod fair, acquaintance with the crafts of the region
Exhibitions of children's creativity based on regional crafts
Introduction to literary works
Dramatization of Russian folk tales
Entertainment dedicated to traditional Russian national holidays "Christmas", "Maslenitsa", "Easter"
Parent meeting “We introduce children to the historical and cultural heritage”
3. 2016 – 2017 G. (school preparatory group)
Getting to know the culture and traditions of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
Planned events:
Series of classes "We different but we together» dedicated to the study of the culture of the peoples of Russia
Traditional holidays of the peoples of Russia
Family creativity competition for dolls in national costumes
Reading fairy tales of the peoples of the world
Inclusion of national outdoor games in the educational process
A joint event with parents "Friendship of Peoples", with the invitation of relatives of students to talk about national traditions
Final event "Festival of National Cultures"
As a result of the work done, it is planned that from an early age the pupils will develop knowledge about the diversity and richness of the national cultures of not only the Russian people, but also other peoples. This will help children in the future to show tolerance and tolerance towards others. Children will not limit themselves in communication with prejudices and will not show national intolerance. After all, preschool childhood is an important stage in the formation of a person’s appearance, a period of active knowledge of the world and human relations, the accumulation of moral experience, and the formation of personality.
The few events that we have already held indicate that we can count on success; we will be able to unite the parent and child team.
If you have already completed the first part,
By tradition, we continue to publish a series of high-quality ready-made homework assignments for the Perspective program. This time, the solution book on the subject of the world around us for 4th grade will be in view. The authors of the textbook and workbook are Pleshakov and Novitskaya. Workbook for 2017.
The world around us is a lesson where there is room for creativity, where the child needs to find a lot of material himself in books and other additional sources, and this, as a rule, takes a lot of time, and it takes the whole day to prepare for the lesson. That's why we prepared the homework for you. Now it will be much easier to do your homework, because all the answers on our 7guru website are collected on one page and you don’t need to go through a bunch of sites to find the right answers to the assignments.
Our GDZs are tested and approved by primary school teachers.
Answers to tasks The world around us, grade 4, part 1
WE ARE CITIZENS OF A UNITED FATHERLAND
Page 3-5 SOCIETY IS US!
1. My first society is my family.
Our common goals: to live in peace and harmony, to be together, to be friendly, to love each other.
Our common activities and interests: cleaning the house, going out into nature, receiving guests, playing sports in the gym or at the stadium, working in the garden, walking together, traveling.
2. We are already in 4th grade!
Our common goals are to study well, gain knowledge, and be friends.
Our common activities and interests: school lessons, sports competitions, participation in holidays, matinees, school Olympiads, competitions, trips to the theater, cinema, outings.
3. In the red circles, write down the names of the communities to which you are a member by birth and place of residence; in the green circles, write down the names of the communities you chose yourself.
In red circles: family, school.
In green circles: handicrafts club, sports section, music school, chess club, etc.
4. Read the list of words. Use a green pencil to underline the words whose meanings you understand. Write down the words you don't understand.
An artel is an association of people to work together (team).
Brotherhood is a union of people by faith.
Fellowship is a society of fellow countrymen who were born or lived in the same city or village.
A circle is a community of people with interests or hobbies, for example, a handicrafts group or a literary group.
A coalition is a union of countries for the sake of some common goals.
A league is usually an association of sports teams.
The world is humanity, the global community, or a gathering, a meeting of fellow villagers...
A party is an association of people based on political interests, a political party.
Advice is a joint discussion between people about certain issues.
A meeting is the presence of people in one place to discuss certain topics, for example, a parent-teacher meeting.
A union is usually a community of states or organizations.
Pleiades is an association of outstanding people, for example, scientists.
A partnership is a society of friends or a form of enterprise.
Company - a group of friends, acquaintances.
Federation is a union of territories within a state.
A team is a group of people united by something.
Explain orally what the meanings of these words have in common. How are they different?
These are all communities. They differ in interests, size, and composition.
Page 6-9. RUSSIAN PEOPLE
1. Look at the photographs. Using a textbook, formulate and write down what unites all citizens of our country into a single people.
History, art, culture, patriotism, labor.
2. Using drawings or photographs with captions, write a story on the theme: “We are different, we are together!” In the captions to the illustrations, reflect what events are the common property of the peoples of your region, what is being created now by common labor for the benefit of all.
Here you can place photographs of the following events: city (or school) cleanup, May 9 parade, city day, tree planting on city streets, sports competitions.
Pictures for printing:
3. "My project is for the benefit of Russia." Come up with and describe your project for the benefit of your native country. Complete the description with drawings and diagrams.
Project name: Free Library.
Goal: To help the residents of my neighborhood or city fall in love with reading books. Instill in children a love of reading.
Resources: A few old bookshelves or cabinets, books, a few like-minded people, tools for setting up “free libraries.”
I love to read, we have a lot of books at home. My neighbors have a lot of books that they no longer need and are ready to give them to someone for free. I propose to install “free libraries” in several places in my city (district, park). They can be made from old bookcases that people throw away.
Each such library cabinet must be installed in a public place (in a park, on the street, on a playground). Post an announcement: “Dear residents of our city! There is a free library for you. You can borrow books for free and, after reading, return them to their place or leave them at home. Please also fill this locker. Do not throw away literature! Bring your books here, and they will find their readers!
I am sure that my project will be of interest to many residents of our city. And perhaps many children will love to read and will watch less TV and play on the tablet. This will serve for the benefit of Russia!
Pictures for the project:
CONSTITUTION OF RUSSIA, GDZ website to pp. 10-11
1. Read the articles of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Think and tell us what significance these articles of the Constitution have for you, your family and friends.
The Constitution is the fundamental law of our country. It guarantees my rights and talks about my responsibilities. For example, I can receive free school education or medical care. My parents must pay taxes and obey the laws of our state.
2. From the given articles of the Constitution, write down examples of the rights and duties of a person and a citizen.
Rights: Everyone has the right to life. Everyone has the right to speak their native language. Everyone has the right to rest. Everyone has the right to medical care. Everyone has the right to education.
Responsibilities: Everyone is obliged to protect historical and cultural monuments. Everyone is required to pay taxes and fees. Everyone has a responsibility to preserve nature.
Page 12-13. CHILD'S RIGHTS
1. Using the textbook text on p. 16-17, write down what rights of the child are illustrated by these photographs.
The right to life, the right to education, the right to health, the right to rest.
2. In additional literature or on the Internet, get acquainted with the ten principles of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child. Write down 2-3 principles that you consider the most important. You can express their meaning in your own words.
Principle 1: Children everywhere have the following rights.
Principle 2: Every child has the right to grow and develop normally.
Principle 3: Every child has the right to a name and a nationality.
Principle 4: Every child has the right to housing (house), food, and medical care.
Principle 5: If a child has a physical disability (disabled), he has the right to special care and attention.
Principle 6: Every child has the right to parental care, and if he does not have a family, then he has the right to care from the state.
Principle 7: Every child has the right to study and receive an education.
Principle 8: Child protection and assistance must come first (child protection before adult protection).
Principle 9: Every child should be protected from violence and cruelty.
Principle 10: Every child has the right to grow up in an atmosphere of love and mutual understanding, the child must be protected from hatred and discrimination.
Page 14-15. STATE STRUCTURE OF RUSSIA
1. Copy from the text of the textbook words whose meaning you do not understand. Use a dictionary to write down the interpretations of words.
A democratic republic is a state where government is elected by the people.
A referendum is a popular vote on important issues.
Election is a procedure for electing someone through secret voting.
2. Find out from the photographs in the textbook and label these buildings. One of them is not presented in the textbook. Find out about it using other sources of information.
Imagine that you were elected President of our country. Describe your activities according to the points of the plan.
1. My goal: To make people in Russia live better, to revive State industry, to provide people with housing and to increase wages.
2. My first decree:
Add salaries to teachers and doctors at the expense of the salaries of deputies.
(or) Build a new school in our area
(or) Increase pensions for all pensioners so that they have enough to live on3. My helpers: Friends and a team of people I can trust.
4. My responsibility: I will be responsible to the people for my activities as president.
5. Russia will not depend on other countries and will be able to provide all the needs of its people, and the people will live better.
Page 16-19. RUSSIAN UNION OF Equals
1. Using illustrations from the textbook, label the flags and coats of arms of some Russian republics.
2. Cut out the flags from the Appendix and paste them into the appropriate windows.
3. Using the text of the textbook, match the names of some republics of Russia and their capitals. Connect with lines.
Republic of Adygea - Maykop
Republic of Khakassia - Abakan
Republic of Karelia - Petrozavodsk
Republic of Bashkortostan - Ufa
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) - Yakutsk
4. Using additional literature and the Internet, identify and sign the flags and coats of arms of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
5. Project "Travel to one of the republics of the Russian Federation"
Find information and prepare a report about one of the republics of the Russian Federation (of your choice.)
Project "Travel to the Republic of Adygea"
1.) The capital of the republic is the city of Maykop with a population of 144 thousand people.
The coat of arms of the Republic of Adygea is a circle framed on top by a ribbon with the inscription “Republic of Adygea” in Adyghe and Russian. In the middle of the ribbon there is a large star, on the sides there are oak and maple leaves (on the left), golden ears of wheat, and ears of corn (on the right). In the circle there is an inscription “Russian Federation” in Russian and Adyghe languages. Below is the national table - ane with bread and salt. In the middle of the circle is the main character of the Nart epic Sauseryko on a fiery flying horse.
3.) Flag of Adygea.
The state flag of the Republic of Adygea is a rectangular green panel, which depicts twelve golden stars and three golden crossed arrows pointing upward. Twelve stars mean 12 Adyghe (Circassian) tribes, and 3 arrows mean 3 ancient Adyghe princely families. Three crossed arrows denote their unity. The green color of the cloth symbolizes the religion of Islam.
The national anthem of the Republic of Adygea is a musical and poetic work based on poems by I. Mashbash and music by U. Thabisimov.
Glory, live, Adygea,
A country dear to my heart.
Warmed our peoples
She kindly agrees.
Sunny land,
The Republic is our common home.
Take wings,
Republic, grow stronger by work,
Our bright dream.
The ancestors chose
A wonderful place for us
Courage, wisdom and strength
The Caucasus was given to us by our grandfathers.
Proudly with a free soul,
Go with Russia,
Your sun is above you,
The storms of adversity are behind us.
Native sky and fields
Will be forever in our hearts,
They will be for us while they are alive,
In our destiny and deeds.
5.) The state languages are Russian and Adyghe.
6.) The territory of the republic is surrounded on all sides by the territory of the Krasnodar Territory.
7.) A significant part of the Caucasus State Nature Reserve is concentrated on the territory of the Republic, all the riches of which are included in the World Natural Heritage List. Adygea is home to famous thermal springs, the Caucasian State Biosphere Reserve, and the Mountain Adygea National Natural Park.
8.) Among the historical and cultural monuments, the Maikop mound “Oshad”, the monument to the cross to the executed Cossacks, and the memorial complex “Friendship Square” are known. In mountainous areas there are tombs of the Middle Bronze Age dolmen culture - dolmens. In the Maykop region, archaeologists find sites of ancient people.
The oldest cultural monument of the Adyghe ethnic group is the Nart epic, which is based on tales about the origin and adventures of heroic heroes (“Narts”).
9) Among the outstanding citizens of Adygea:
heroes of the Soviet Union (Andrukhaev Kh.B., Achmizov A.A., Bzhigakov K.B.) and heroes of Russia (Garmash A.V., Dolonin V.A., Klupov R.M., Gadagatl, Asker Magamudovich - Russian scientist - Narto expert, people's poet of the Republic of Adygea.
People's Artist of the Russian Federation, Honored Artist of Adygea, member of the Union of Artists of Russia Teuchezh Kat and other citizens.
10.) Modern achievements of the Republic of Adygea.
The Republic of Adygea has its own food products, tourism, horse breeding, sports, and agriculture are developed. In modern Adygea there are about 90 large and medium-sized enterprises representing 11 industries. Food industry enterprises produce canned meat and fruit and vegetables, confectionery, pasta, wine and vodka products, beer and dairy products. Adygea has great forest resources, which are represented mainly by hard-leaved coniferous species.
Page 20-21. STATE BORDER OF RUSSIA. GDZ website
1. Copy from the lesson text words whose meanings you do not understand. Use a dictionary to write down the interpretation of these words.
A state border is a line that shows the boundaries of a country.
Sovereignty is independence.
A visa is a document that allows you to enter a foreign country.
Customs is a special government service that controls the entry and exit of citizens from the country.
2. Using the map on p. 21 determine which states Russia borders with. Write it down.
On land, Russia borders on the following countries: Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Abkhazia, Georgia, South Ossetia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea).
At sea, Russia borders with Japan and the USA.
Using a map, match the names of the countries and their capitals. Connect with lines.
Ukraine, Kyiv
China - Beijing
Kazakhstan, Astana
Finland - Helsinki
Belarus - Minsk
Answers website to pp. 22-23. TRAVEL ABROAD OF RUSSIA
1. Compare proverbs of different nations about good relations between neighbors. What do proverbs have in common? What's different about them? How do you explain the differences?
Choose one of the proverbs of the peoples of your region that are suitable in meaning. Write it down.
A close neighbor is better than distant relatives.
Living with neighbors means being in conversations.
As are the neighbors, so is the conversation.
Don't buy a yard, buy a neighbor.
The hostess didn’t provide lunch, so apparently they were pushing towards their neighbor.
There is no greater problem than bad neighbors.
It’s a bad life if you don’t make friends with your neighbors.
Let your neighbor into the house, and become a neighbor yourself.
Be friends with your neighbor, but hold on to your saber.
Be friends with your neighbor, but stay the city.
The neighbor doesn't want it, so the world won't.
Neighborhood is a mutual matter.
Then the neighbor is kind when the bag is full.
A good neighbor is the greatest relative.
It’s good when the neighbor is close and the fence is low.
It's a bad thing to offend a neighbor.
How can you annoy your neighbor more than with your tongue?
Thistles and thistles creep from neighbor to neighbor under the meadow.
Whatever you have at home, don’t go to your neighbor for.
Do you think these proverbs apply to relations between neighboring countries? Write down in your own words what relations between countries should be like.
These proverbs apply to relations between neighboring countries. Relations between countries should be friendly and respectful; countries should help each other in difficulties.
2. Read the description of the Belarusian game "Mayalka". Based on the description, make a diagram of it.
3. The Mongolians' favorite game is chess. Look at the photographs of Mongolian chess and determine what animals they depict. Write down the names of these animals.
Answer: from left to right: tiger (cat, or panther, or leopard), camel, dog, horse.
pp. 24-25. TREASURES OF RUSSIA AND THEIR KEEPERS
1. Using the model given in the textbook, fill out the table. Include natural features of your region. Use additional literature and the Internet.
Name - what language the name comes from, what it means according to the interpretations of some scientists.
Moscow region:
Oka River - translated from Gothic as “river”, in Old German as “water”, “river”.
Istra River - translated from Lithuanian as “stream”, “current”.
Volga River - the Russian name Volga (Old Slavic Vlga) comes from the Proto-Slavic Vьlga, cf. volgly - vologa - moisture.
Moskva River - from the Finno-Ugric group of languages means “wet, marshy place”, in the Old Russian language “moskv” - “viscous, marshy” or “swamp, dampness, moisture, liquid”.Leningrad region:
Neva River - from the Finnish word “neva” - swamp (deep), from the Swedish word “nu” - new.
the Narva River - translated from the Vepsian language - “threshold”.
Lake Ladoga - Ladoga translated from Finnish means “wave”.
Luga Canyon - from the name of the Luga River, translated from Estonian laugas - depression, hole, puddle, hole, or to tear, scatter.Krasnodar region:
Tsemes Bay (Black Sea, Novorossiysk) - from the Circassians. "tsemeez" - insects and forest, mosquito place.
Markhotsky ridge is a mountain range along the Black Sea coast. In the Adyghe language - “Ozhin’s ridge”. Ozhina (azhina) - blackberry, wild berry.
Gelendzhik Bay received its name from the city of Gelendzhik (a city on the Black Sea coast), “Gelendzhik” in Arabic means “poplar”, in the Adyghe language it means “small pasture”.
Anapa Bay - from the name of the city of Anapa. "Anapa" - translated from Adyghe means "round table" - the semicircular shape of the bay resembles the traditional round table of the Adygs. "Anapa" from ancient Greek means "high cape".
Abrau (lake) - translated from Circassian means “cliff”.
2. Read Chuvash proverbs. Match them with proverbs from the peoples of your region that are suitable in meaning.
In days of happiness, be pure in heart, in days of sorrow, be strong in heart.
In times of misfortune, do not be discouraged, but overcome sadness. (Russian)
Curls curl from joy, and split from sadness. (Russian)
Sadness is visible in the clear eyes, and sadness is visible in the white face. (Russian)
Moths eat clothes, grief eats people. (Ukr.)
The water of wisdom does not rest on the mountain peaks of pride.
I'm proud to be stupid. (Russian)
You can't jump higher than yourself. (Russian)
You can't jump above your head. (Russian)
You can't jump higher than yourself. (Russian)
Poverty humbles even the wise. (Russian)
If you have friends, you are as deep as the Volga; if you don’t, they are as shallow as a puddle.
Don't have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends. (Russian)
A tree is held together by its roots, and a person is held together by its friends. (Russian)
If you don't have a friend, look for him, but if you find him, take care of him. (Russian)
A good horse is not without a rider, and an honest man is not without a friend. (Russian)
Holding on to each other means not being afraid of anything. (Russian)
3. Find out in additional sources who was the first to create the alphabet for your native language. Write down information about this person. If possible, include his portrait.
How the Slavic and Russian alphabet was created.
In the 9th century in Byzantium, in the city of Thessaloniki (now the city of Thessaloniki in Greece), two brothers lived - Constantine and Methodius. Constantine, having become a monk, received a new name - Cyril. The brothers were wise and very educated people. The Greek king Michael sent these brothers to the Slavs in response to the request of the Slavic prince Rostislav.
Cyril and Methodius took the Greek alphabet and adapted it to the sounds of the Slavic language. Thus, the Slavic alphabet was created, called the “Cyrillic alphabet” - after the name of one of the brothers. Subsequently, the Slavic alphabet served as the basis for the Russian alphabet.
pp. 26-27. CREATIVE UNION
1. Compare the description of frosty weather in the poem by K.L. Khetagurova and in an excerpt from the prose of Yu.S. Rytkheu on page 46 of the textbook. Draw an illustration for one of these texts.
Oral response: Both authors describe the harsh winter of their homeland. If in Khetagurov’s poem we read about the nature of the Caucasus Mountains, then the Chukotka writer Rytkheu recalls the nature of Chukotka. In the Caucasus mountains a wild sheep rises on a cliff, while in Chukotka a local boy surveys the sky to understand what the weather will be like today.
You can draw the following illustrations: a mountain sheep on the slope of a steep mountain or a boy standing by a yuranga.
2. Draw an illustration for one of the works of writers from your region (optional), where the beauty of your native nature is glorified. You can paste photos.
You can draw the following pictures:
to Prishvin's story "Golden Meadow"
to Bianchi's story "Forest Houses"
to Turgenev's story "Bezhin Meadow"
3. Yu.S. compared it to a magic mountain. Rytkheu Russian culture, which he knew well and with which he sought to introduce his people. Try to briefly explain the meaning of this comparison. Write down your thought.
Russian culture seemed to the Chukchi writer like a mountain, because it is just as huge, great, maybe even incomprehensible. The mountain can be seen from afar; you cannot pass by and not notice the mountain, just as you cannot pass by Russian culture. The Magic Mountain is fraught with many riches and mysteries, just like Russian culture. That's why Y.S. Rytkheu compared Russian culture to a magic mountain.
P. 28. IN THE NATIVE SPACE
Pages 28-31. MAP - OUR TOUR GUIDE
1. In front of you is an outline map of Russia. Compare it with the map in the textbook. What are the similarities and differences?
The map in the workbook is newer and more modern. On it, the Crimean peninsula is designated as part of Russian territory. In the figure, the Crimea peninsula is highlighted in red.
The contour map does not contain the names of cities, towns, regions and territories.
The contour map does not have territories coloured; only land and sea can be seen on it.
2. Using the map in the textbook, circle the state border of Russia on the contour map. Write the name of the capital of Russia.
3. Write the name of your city...
4. Redraw the symbols.
5. From the textbook text (p. 52), write out the digital data characterizing the territory of Russia.
Russia occupies more than 1/9 of the Earth's landmass. The length of Russian territory from north to south is over 4 thousand kilometers. The length of Russian territory from west to east is about 9 thousand kilometers.
pp. 32-33. IN THE PLAINS AND MOUNTAINS
2. Label the hill and mountain on the diagram. Finish drawing up the diagram: indicate with arrows the parts of the hill and mountain.
On the left is a hill, on the right is a mountain. At the very bottom is the foot, the very peak is the top, and between them is the slope.
3. Using the textbook map, fill in the table.
Name of the mountain - height of the mountain
Elbrus - 5642
Klyuchevskaya Sopka 4688
Belukha 4506
People's 1895
4. Make drawings showing the shapes of the earth's surface of your region, or place a photograph.
If you live on a plain, draw a plain with grass, small hills and holes. If in the mountains, draw mountains. If there are hills around you, draw hills and springs. Each edge has its own pattern.
5. Using additional literature and the Internet, prepare a report about any plains or mountains in Russia or your region. Write down the basic information for your message. Please indicate the source of information.
The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system between the Black, Azov and Caspian seas. It is divided into two mountain systems: the Greater Caucasus and the Lesser Caucasus. The Greater Caucasus extends over more than 1,100 km. The most famous peaks - Mount Elbrus (5642 m) and Mount Kazbek (5033 m) are covered with eternal snow and glaciers. The mountains near Sochi - Aishkho, Aibga, Chigush, Pseashkho - hosted participants in the 2014 Winter Olympics.
The Altai Mountains are a complex system of the highest ridges in Siberia, separated by deep river valleys and vast intramountain and intermountain basins. Altai is located where the borders of Russia, Mongolia, China and Kazakhstan meet. The highest peak of Altai is Mount Belukha (4509 m).
The West Siberian Plain is a plain in northern Asia, occupies the entire western part of Siberia from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Central Siberian Plateau in the east. In the north it is limited by the coast of the Kara Sea, in the south it extends to the Kazakh small hills, in the southeast the West Siberian Plain, gradually rising, gives way to the foothills of Altai, Salair, Kuznetsk Alatau and Mountain Shoria. The plain has the shape of a trapezoid tapering towards the north: the distance from its southern border to the northern reaches almost 2500 km, the width is from 800 to 1900 km, and the area is only slightly less than 3 million km².
pp. 34-35. IN SEARCH OF UNDERGROUND STORAGE
Practical work "Study of minerals".
1. Examine a sample of a mineral. Using the illustrations in the textbook or the identification atlas, find out its name.
Write down: coal.
2. Establish the properties of the mineral. Write down:
Coal is a solid mineral, the color is black, opaque, dense, has a shine and a slight odor. Coal is a combustible mineral.
3. Using your textbook, fill out the table.
Comparison of oil and natural gas
Features for comparison - Oil - Natural gas
Origin - Formed from the remains of plants and animals - Formed from the remains of plants and animals
Properties - Thick, oily, liquid, dark in color, with a pungent odor - Colorless, light, flammable, odorless.
Application - Fuel, oils, plastics, fibers for textiles - Fuel, plastics, fibers of valuable materials
Extraction methods - Drilling wells - Wells
Transportation methods - Oil pipeline, railway tanks, oil tankers - Gas pipeline, gas tankers
Careful attitude - Oil spills must not be allowed during production and transportation - Gas must be saved, leaks must not be allowed in everyday life.
pp. 36-37. OUR RIVERS
3. Using the map and text from the textbook, connect the names of rivers and the cities that are built on them with lilies.
Volga - Kazan
Kama - Perm
Oka - Kolomna
Moscow River - Moscow
Neva - St. Petersburg
Don - Rostov-on-Don
Ob - Novosibirsk
Yenisei - Krasnoyarsk
Lena - Yakutsk
Amur - Khabarovsk
5. Using additional literature, prepare a report about any river in Russia, in your region (optional). Write down the basic information for your message. Please indicate the source of information.
The Volga is a river in the European part of Russia. It is one of the largest rivers on Earth and the longest in Europe. The part of Russian territory adjacent to the Volga is called the Volga region. The length of the river is 3530 km, and the area of its drainage basin is 1.361 million km². There are four millionaire cities on the Volga: Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, Volgograd. 8 hydroelectric power stations were built on the Volga. The Volga flows into the Caspian Sea.
Kuban is a river in Russia in the North Caucasus, originating in the mountains of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic (Elbrus). The name of the river, translated from the Karachay-Balkar language, means “rising, overflowing river” or “stream”. Length 870 km, basin area 58 thousand km². It flows through the territory of Karachay-Cherkessia, Stavropol Territory, Krasnodar Territory and Adygea. Kuban flows into the Sea of Azov.
Yenisei is a river in Siberia, one of the greatest rivers in the world and Russia. It flows into the Kara Sea of the Arctic Ocean. Length - 3487 km. The Yenisei is a natural border between Western and Eastern Siberia. From the Sayan Mountains to the Arctic Ocean, the Yenisei passes through all the climatic zones of Siberia. Camels live in its upper reaches, and polar bears live in its lower reaches. The name comes from the Evenk “Yoandesi” - big water.
Page 38-39. LAKES - THE BEAUTY OF THE EARTH
2. What lakes are we talking about?
The largest lake in our country is the Caspian Sea.
The deepest lake in Russia and the whole world is Lake Baikal.
The largest lake in the European part of Russia and all of Europe is Lake Ladoga.
The second largest lake in the European part of Russia is Lake Onega.
One of the most beautiful lakes of the East European Plain is Lake Seliger.
One of the most beautiful lakes in Altai is Lake Teletskoye.
3. On what lakes are these attractions located?
Valaam Monastery - on Lake Ladoga.
Wooden churches of Kizhi Island - on Lake Onega.
pp. 40-41. BY THE SEA
3. Using information from the textbook text, fill out the table.
Features of the White and Black Seas
Features of the seas - White Sea - Black Sea
Depth - 350 m - 2210 m
Water temperature in summer - from + 6 to + 15 - above +25
Sea conditions in winter - Covered with ice - Does not freeze
4. Look at the photo at the Solovetsky Monastery - one of the shrines of Russia. Write the name of the sea on which it is located.
Answer: White Sea.
Tell us what you know about this monastery.
The Solovetsky Monastery is a male monastery of the Russian Orthodox Church, located on the Solovetsky Islands in the White Sea. It arose in 1429–1430, built from St. stone. Philip (Kolychev). Under Soviet rule, the country's first special purpose camp (prison) operated on the territory of the monastery. Monastic life was resumed in 1990. In 1992, the complex of monuments of the Solovetsky Museum-Reserve was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
pp. 42-45. FROM NORTH TO SOUTH
1. Here is a contour map of the natural zones of Russia. Compare it with the map of natural areas in the textbook. What are the similarities and differences?
Similarities: the border of Russia is marked, the names of rivers, lakes, and seas are indicated.
Differences: on the outline map of Russia, the Crimea Peninsula is already Russian territory, on the map in the textbook it is not.
On the map in the textbook, natural areas are indicated in different colors. The names of cities are shown on the map in the textbook.
4. Using the map in the textbook, fill in the rectangles according to the color designation on the map of natural areas...
See textbook, pp. 74-75.
5. Number the main natural zones in the order of their change from north to south:
1 arctic desert
2 tundra
3 taiga
4 mixed and deciduous forests
5 steppes
6 deserts
7 subtropics
7. Think about what you would like to know about the natural areas of Russia. Write down your questions. As you explore natural areas, try to find answers to these questions.
Are there animals in the Arctic desert?
Is there summer in the Arctic desert? Does the snow ever melt there?
What plants grow in the tundra?
Why do the Northern Lights only happen in the North?
What grows in the desert?
What do animals eat in the desert? Where do they find water?
pp. 46-47. IN THE ICY DESERT
2. Read the textbook text on pp. 78-79. Write down the supporting words and use them to talk about the Arctic desert zone.
Answer: Ice zone, Arctic islands, polar night, polar day, aurora, snow, ice, wind, low temperature (up to 60)
3. Do you know the fauna of the Arctic deserts? Cut out the pictures from the application and arrange them correctly. After checking, paste the pictures.
4. Imagine that you are in the Arctic desert zone on a scientific expedition. Draw yourself and what you see around you.
5. Draw a diagram of the food chain characteristic of Arctic deserts.
Algae-crustaceans-fish-birds
Fish-seals-polar bears
For those who are interested in this topic, we have prepared a report (presentation) about the polar bear >>
pp. 48-49. IN THE COLD TUNDRA
2. Read the text of the textbook on pp. 82-83. Write down the supporting words and use them to talk about the tundra zone.
Key words: cold treeless plain, long winter, polar night, polar day, cold winds, permafrost, swamps, lakes.
4. Do you know the living world of the tundra? Cut out the pictures and arrange them correctly.
5. Draw a diagram of the food chain characteristic of the tundra.
Plants-lemmings-owls and arctic foxes.
Moss reindeer-wolf.
6. In additional literature, on the Internet, find information about any plant or animal of the tundra, prepare a message. Write down basic information. Indicate the source of information
Lemmings are rodents that live in the tundra. They are very similar to mice, but slightly larger (10-15 cm). Lemmings have a dense build, short legs and a tail. The color is one-color, grayish-brown or variegated. Lemmings change their fur coat in winter to a light, white one, and the claws on their front paws grow, taking on the shape of hoof-flippers. Lemmings make their nests right on the ground. They feed on shrubs and mosses, eating twice their body weight in a day.
The reindeer living in the tundra is exactly the same deer from the fairy tale “The Snow Queen” that carried Gerda to the North Pole. Reindeer is a cloven-hoofed mammal. Constantly migrates, feeds mainly on lichens. The main one is moss. Nine months of the year quench your thirst with snow. Reindeer are domesticated and are an important source of food and materials for many polar peoples.
pp. 50-51. AMONG THE FORESTS
2. Look at the picture. Mark taiga trees in green (fill in the circle), deciduous forest trees in yellow.
3. Come up with and draw diagrams showing the differences between taiga, mixed and broad-leaved forests. Draw trees in diagrams as conventional silhouettes.
4. Create a nutrition plan typical for the taiga.
Elk and brown bear deer plants.
Plants - vole, chipmunk, birds, hares - lynx
5. In the book "Green Pages" read about any plant or animal of the forest zones. Write down 1-2 interesting facts.
Squirrel. The squirrel lives in a hollow or builds a nest from branches and moss. The walls of the nest are thick - up to 50 cm. When the frost is 10 degrees, the temperature inside the nest can be more than 10 degrees. The squirrel's main food is the seeds of coniferous trees. In winter, this animal can empty 300 pine cones in a day.
Fox. Although the fox is considered the hare's main enemy, its main food is mice and voles. A fox can hear the squeak of a mouse 100 meters away. Fox hunting for rodents is called mouse hunting.
pp. 52-53. IN THE WIDE STEPPE
2. Read the text of the textbook on p. 90-91. write down the supporting words and use them to talk about the steppe zone.
Answer: steppe, dry summer, dry hot winds, dust storms, heavy rains, black soil, plowed fields.
3. Do you know the living world of the steppes? Cut out the pictures from the application and arrange them correctly.
4. The guys were tasked with giving examples of steppe animals. Which of the guys answered without errors?
Answer: Taras.
5. Make a nutrition plan typical for the steppe.
plant seeds - hamster - kestrel
pp. 54-55. IN THE HOT DESERT
2. Read the text of the textbook on p. 94-95. Write down the supporting words and use them to talk about the desert zone.
Answer: hot sun, few plants, bare earth, desert, sandy and clayey deserts, dunes, takyr, poor soil, lack of water, little precipitation.
4. Imagine that you are in the desert on a scientific expedition. Draw yourself and what you see around you.
5. Draw a diagram of the food chain characteristic of the desert.
camel thorn - camel - scarab beetle - eared hedgehog
pp. 56-57. BY THE WARM SEA
2. Read the text of the textbook on p. 98-99. Find in the text an explanation of the reasons for warm winters on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and the southern coast of Crimea. Write this explanation in your own words.
Answer: The Black Sea heats up in summer and releases heat in winter. And high mountains protect from cold winds, so winters here are warm.
3. Using the textbook, start filling out the table.
Animals of the Black Sea and its coast
Inhabitants of the land: Roe deer Cicada Caucasian lizard Podaryr butterfly Mediterranean turtle.
Land dwellers that forage for food in the sea: Seagull Cormorant Diving duck Petrel Sea crab.
Sea inhabitants: Dolphin Jellyfish Mussel Fish: mullet, horse mackerel, sea bass, goby, sea ruffe, oleander hawk moth.
4. Draw up a nutritional plan typical for the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, the southern coast of Crimea.
Butterflies, cicadas-mantis-lizard
Cormorant fish and seagulls.
5. Find additional information on the Internet about plants or animals of the Black Sea coast. Write down 2-3 interesting facts.
Black Sea bottlenose dolphin
Dolphins are not fish, but mammals! There are 3 species of dolphins in the Black Sea, the largest are bottlenose dolphins, they are also the most common inhabitants of dolphinariums.
Scientists have been studying dolphins for a long time, some believe that they have intelligence. Experiments and observations show that dolphins have their own language; they call each other by name.
The bottlenose dolphin lives up to 30 years, the weight of the animal reaches 300 kilograms. Body length is up to two and a half meters.
Dolphins feed mainly on fish and also shellfish. They dive to a depth of 200 meters.
The body temperature of the Black Sea dolphin is 36.6 degrees, like that of a human.
pp. 58-59. WE ARE CHILDREN OF THE NATIVE LAND
1. Based on the description of the Karelian game “Gurizekh” (“Batters”), draw its diagram.
2. Read the proverbs of the Komi and Udmurts. Match them with proverbs of the peoples of your region that are suitable in meaning. Write them down.
Help yourself first, and then accept help from a friend.
Russians
Get lost yourself, and help your comrade.
To save a friend is to save yourself.
Rely on your friend and help him out yourself.
He who has his face to everyone, does not have his back to good people.
He who helps each other overcomes the enemy.
Personal benefit is like dew on the grass, brotherly benefit is like the sky high.
Proverbs that fit the meaning:
The happiness of the Motherland is more valuable than life.
If friendship is great, the Motherland will be strong.
Unity and brotherhood are great strength. (ukr)
In a beautiful forest the pine trees are beautiful
Proverbs that fit the meaning:
It is not the place that makes the person, but the person that makes the place.
The place is famous for its people. (Azerb.)
Every pine tree makes noise in its own forest.
Where the pine tree is mature, there it is red.
There are many different lands, but the native one is the most distant.
What do these proverbs teach?
Proverbs teach to love people, to help them, to put common interests first and then your own, to love your homeland.
3. Write down on a separate sheet of paper a fairy tale about animals, plants or a folk legend about the origin of the name of a natural object.
Here you need either simply folk tales about animals and plants (turnip, tower, crane and heron, etc.), or better yet, legends that explain the origin of the name of a plant, animal or place in your area.
For example, where did the name daisy flower come from? There lived a girl in the world and she had a loved one - Roman. He made gifts for her with his own hands, turning every day of the girl’s life into a holiday! Once in a dream, Roman dreamed of a simple but very delicate flower - a yellow center and white rays radiating to the sides from it. When he woke up, he made such a flower and gave it to his girlfriend. And the girl wanted the flower to be alive, real. Roman went in search of this flower and found it in the land of Eternal Dreams. But the king of this country did not give the flower away just like that. The ruler told Roman that people would receive a whole field of chamomile if the young man remained in his country. The girl waited for her beloved for a very long time, but one morning she woke up and saw a huge white and yellow field outside the window. Then the girl realized that her Roman would not return and named the flower in honor of her beloved - Chamomile! Now girls tell fortunes using a daisy - “Loves - doesn’t love!”
pp. 60-61. IN COMMUNITY WITH NATURE
1. Read the description of the game of the Siberian peoples “Deer”. Play this game with your friends.
Draw an illustration for the game or download a photo of the game, print and stick it.
3. Fishing is a traditional occupation of many peoples of Siberia and the Far East. Using the identification atlas, find out the names of these fish and sign them. What does chum salmon look like?
The pictures show pink salmon and taimen. And here is the chum salmon:
GDZ website to pages 62-63. HOW TO SAVE THE NATURE OF RUSSIA
1. 1. Think and write down what environmental problems that have arisen in the Arctic deserts and tundra are expressed by these signs.
Pollution of seas and islands with harmful substances from passing ships (fuel oil, various garbage). Solution to the problem: Compliance with special rules by ship crews and tourists.
Pollution of tundra soil with oil during its extraction. Solution to the problem: apply environmentally friendly methods of oil production.
Damage and destruction of soil and vegetation cover of the tundra by heavy transport equipment. Solution to the problem: use of vehicles on special ultra-low pressure tires.
2. Think and write down what environmental problems that have arisen in forests, steppes and deserts are expressed by these signs.
Excessive deforestation, littering of forests after deforestation. Solution to the problem: Treat forests with care and plant new trees where they are cut down. Using waste paper instead of wood.
Overgrazing of livestock in the steppe zone leads to the disappearance of plants and soil destruction, leading to desertification. Solution to the problem: follow the rules of grazing livestock, do not graze livestock for a long time in one place.
Due to the disappearance of plants in the steppe, the soil is destroyed, and there is more shifting sand, which covers houses and roads. Solution to the problem: prevent overgrazing of livestock and the disappearance of plants.
3. Think and write down what environmental problems that have arisen in the subtropical zone are expressed by these signs.
Pollution of the sea and shores with sewage and garbage from passing ships. Solution to the problem: construction of treatment facilities, compliance with sanitary rules by ship crews.
Illegal deforestation of mountain forests, destruction of trees by tourists. Solution to the problem: a ban on deforestation, authorities must strictly enforce laws on forest protection.
Destruction of flora and fauna by vacationers. Solution to the problem: All people should treat nature with care: do not catch insects, do not write on tree trunks, do not break branches, do not pick flowers.
Page 64-67. THROUGH THE PAGES OF THE RED BOOK
1. Label the drawings of animals of the Arctic deserts and tundra listed in the Red Book of Russia. If necessary, consult your textbook for help.
2. Sign the drawings of plants and animals of forest zones listed in the Red Book of Russia. If necessary, consult your textbook for help.
3. Label the drawings of plants and animals of the steppes and the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, included in the Red Book of Russia. If necessary, consult your textbook for help.
3. Get acquainted with the Red Book of your region. Write down basic information about her.
Title of the red book: “Red Book of the Amur Region” (or Red Book of the Krasnodar Territory, etc.)
How many species of organisms of different groups are included in the Red Book of your region.
Page 68-72. BY RESERVES AND NATIONAL PARKS
1. Using the textbook, fill out the table.
Reserves and national parks of Russia
Natural areas - Examples of nature reserves and national parks
Arctic desert zone - Wrangel Island Nature Reserve, Great Arctic Nature Reserve
Tundra zone - Taimyr Nature Reserve, Kandalaksha Nature Reserve
Forest zones - Prioksko-Terrasny Reserve, Oksky Reserve, Losiny Ostrov National Park, Meshchera National Park
Steppe zone - Rostov Nature Reserve, Orenburg Nature Reserve, Daursky Nature Reserve
Semi-deserts and deserts - Astrakhan Nature Reserve, Black Lands Nature Reserve
Subtropical zone - Sochi National Park, Caucasus State Natural Biosphere Reserve
2. Write down a summary of your report on the assignments on p. 119 textbook.
Nature reserves and national parks are specially protected natural areas. In our country, they have been created in every natural area in order to preserve rare plants and animals.
In the Arctic zone there is the Wrangel Island nature reserve. Its inhabitants: polar bears, walruses, musk oxen.
In the tundra there is the Taimyr Nature Reserve. Its inhabitants: wild reindeer, musk oxen.
Many reserves are located in the forest zone (see table above). Rare animals of this zone: bison, moose, wild boars, beavers and other animals and birds.
In the zone of steppes and forest-steppes there are nature reserves: Central Black Earth, Rostov, Orenburg, Daur.
In the zone of semi-deserts and deserts there are nature reserves: "Black Lands", "Astrakhan Reserve". Rare animals and birds: saiga, belladonna, bustard.
In the subtropical zone there is the Sochi National Park and the Caucasus State Natural Biosphere Reserve.
3. If possible, take a virtual trip through the reserve (national park) using the Internet. Prepare a message about him. Write down the basic information for your message.
Barguzinsky Reserve
Barguzinsky State Natural Biosphere Reserve is located in Buryatia, on the territory of the North-Baikal region. It is the oldest nature reserve in Russia. It was created in 1917 as a sable reserve to preserve and increase the number of sables. This is the country's only state reserve established before the October Revolution of 1917.
Located on the western slopes of the Barguzinsky ridge (2840 m), including the northeastern coast and part of the waters of Lake Baikal. The area of the reserve is 374,322 hectares, including 15,000 hectares of the protected water area of Lake Baikal.
The reserve preserves all natural complexes where elk, musk deer, mountain hare, brown bear, shrews, black-capped marmot live - a total of 41 species of mammals. Baikal omul, whitefish, sturgeon, grayling, taimen, lenok and other species of fish are found in the waters of the reserve.
Essay “We are different, but we are together”
Student's work
10th grade
Hadzhebiekova Saida
Teacher - Naniz Zuriet Zaurbievna
We are different, but we are together!
Friendship is, above all, reconciliation
and great spiritual communication despite
insignificant little things
Antoine de Saint-Exupery
Residents of any country are proud of their Motherland. This is how man is made: the land on which he was born is dear to him. He loves the place with which his childhood is connected. Here, for the first time, a person felt the warmth and love of his closest people: mother, father, grandmothers, grandfathers, brothers, sisters.
Russia is a multinational, multicultural, multilingual country. Representatives of more than a hundred different nations live here.She managed to connect them, and also did everything possible to make them friends. Each nation honors its own traditions, customs, and has its own beliefs that it values. The most important thing in living together is to learn to respect the traditions of each people.
Today, as has always been the case in our history, the key to Russia’s prosperity lies in the unity and cohesion of the peoples who live on its territory.It unites republics, territories, and regions.
I was born and live in the village of Ponezhukay in the Republic of Adygea. Our republic is inhabited by different peoples: Circassians, Russians, Tatars, Bashkirs, Chechens, Komi, Armenians, Ukrainians, Kurds, Tatars, Azerbaijanis, Gypsies, Greeks. We are all different, and yet we have a lot in common.
I want to tell you about one street in the village of Ponezhukay, where Adygs, Russians, Kurds, Armenians, and Georgians live. And the street is called - Friendship Street. The people living here are very friendly with each other.Knowledge about traditions and customs accumulates in real life.
We are all different: small and big, poor and rich, old and young, healthy and disabled. And we all have the same right to live on our planet and not suffer from contempt or insults. We all belong to the human race, and each of us, whether man, woman or child, is unique and significant.
The proverb says: “If friendship is great, the Motherland will be strong.” I completely agree with this statement.
Many great personalities at all times have attached great importance to friendship between people. Grand Duke Yaroslav the Wise wrote: “If you live in hatred, strife and quarrels, you will perish yourself and destroy the land of your fathers and grandfathers, who obtained it through their great labor...” This idea is relevant and significant today.
This summer the Olympic Games took place in Brazil. The Russian national team included representatives of different nations inhabiting our country. Together they won a large number of medals. And the whole country rejoiced with happiness when the Russian anthem sounded and the Russian flag was raised.
And how many famous people of different nationalities - scientists, poets, writers, composers - have become the pride of the state. The Ukrainian Gogol, the Jew Levitan, the Armenian Aivazovsky, the Georgian Bogration, the Belarusian Shostakovich, the Circassian Iskhak Mashbash and thousands of other talents enriched Russian culture. I was very surprised when I learned that the Russian language expert V. Dal did not have a drop of Russian blood. Father is Danish, mother is German. In his famous “Explanatory Dictionary” V.I. Dal gives the definition of friendship: “Friendship is... this is unselfish affection.” That is, the scientist puts selflessness in first place.
The peoples of our country must live in peace. We still learn from time to time from the news that national conflicts sometimes break out between people. We do not always like the way of thinking and habits of representatives of other nationalities, however, we must solve our Russian problems together, respect the culture and traditions of other peoples, their history, religion and customs. Each nation cannot be repeated, each has its own spiritual way of life, and this creates the uniqueness of national arts and crafts. Living in one big, friendly country, we are able to mutually enrich our cultures. The wider the cultural exchange between different peoples, the richer modern culture will become.
Recently, the situation in the world has become increasingly tense. In many parts of the planet there is a war, people are dying, buildings are collapsing, children are suffering (over the past 5 thousand years, 14 thousand wars have occurred on the planet, almost 5 billion people have died). This is because some people do not know how and do not want to understand each other, they do not know how to be tolerant of each other. After all, it is possible to live in a world without violence and cruelty, a world in which the main value is the unique and inviolable human personality. There are forces trying to weaken Russia, to split our state into many small countries. In these conditions, the unity of the entire people is the only way to resist the unfriendly actions of US and EU politicians. Our strength is in unity, only when we are friendly, we are not afraid of sanctions, slander and threats from outside.
I am proud to be a citizen of the Russian Federation. Only in our country do all peoples preserve their native language, traditions, values that help a person not only live, but also become better, and the most important thing is the friendship of peoples. In my country, people live in peace and harmony, help each other.
And may they always accompany us in everything:
Co - suffering
Co - feeling
Co - action
Consciousness
connection
MBOU "Murminsk Secondary School"
Ryazan district of Ryazan region
Class notes
“WE ARE DIFFERENT, BUT WE ARE TOGETHER”
4th grade
Developed
primary school teacher
Chernobaeva V.A.
2015 -2016 academic year
“WE ARE DIFFERENT, BUT WE ARE TOGETHER”
Target:
1. Introduce children to the concept of “tolerance”, “tolerant attitude”.
2. Fostering respect and kindness towards other people.
3. Formulate the rules of a tolerant attitude with the help of exercises;
4. Development of communication skills.
Equipment: m/f about tolerance, pencils, glue stick, sun “tolerance”, cards with characteristics of tolerance, box, sheets of paper.
Progress of the lesson
Hello guys! The theme of our class hour is No. We are different, but we are together!”
The song "Smile" is playing
Hello guys! The theme of our class hour is “We are different, but we are together!”
Introductory conversation.
What song was played? ("Smile").
And when a person smiles? (when he is in a good mood, he has fun, when a person is kind...)
That’s right, a smile always encourages communication, respect, attention, and kindness. And if a person has all these qualities, then they say that a persontolerant.
Unusual word? Are you interested in learning more about this word? (Yes).
Tolerance is of Latin origin and means patience, tolerance.
Let's try to figure out together what kind of person we can call tolerant?
You have envelopes with words on your desk, choose the words that characterize a tolerant person.
Each envelope contains 10-12 words. (Rays of the sun)
Envelope No. 1 : gloating, selfishness, conflict, kindness, respect , understanding, peacefulness , heartlessness, compassion , generosity, envy, tactlessness, greed.
Envelope No. 2 : cordiality , boasting, rudeness , mercy, arrogance, forgiveness , irritation, support , cooperation , equality , stinginess, lies, agreement.
Let's attach our palms - these are the rays of our sun.
I'll ask the team representatives to help me.
So the sun smiled at you...and it wants to show you how special and unique each of you is
A game
Exercise “Magic Lake”
For the exercise you will need a box in which a small round mirror has been placed in advance. .
And now I invite you to stand in a circle.
We will pass the box to each other. Close your eyes. Whoever receives this box must open their eyes and look inside. There, in the “little magical lake”, you will see the most unique and inimitable person in the world. Smile at him.
- Who is the most unique and inimitable person in the world?
- How did this person respond to your smile?
And you also want to play. I invite someone who is somewhat similar to me into my circle, the next one invites someone else into the circle who is somewhat similar to him, and so on. Marina, I invite you to my circle because we have the same hair color.(Eventually everyone should end up in a circle.)
Is the meaning of the game clear?
Thanks guys! Take your seats.
We often want to be the same as everyone else and suffer from the feeling that we are different from others. Sometimes it’s really good that we are “like everyone else”
but our individuality is no less important. It can and should be appreciated. Now I invite you to answer the questions. If you think this statement is true, raise your hand.
spring is better than autumn;
the coolest cartoon "Shrek";
the most important subject is mathematics;
playing “computer” is more fun than watching TV;
It would be better if the lessons were shorter, but there would be more of them;
the most beautiful pet is a cat;
the coolest music is hip-hop;
fishing is old-fashioned;
it is better to work than to go for a walk;
war is always bad;
it is impossible to study without “2” and “3”;
It's better to be at school than to sit at home.
– Look, it turns out how different we are, but we are together!
View an excerpt from a cartoon.
- What do you think the fairy did? How will she color our heroes?
Discuss this in groups. Make a general decision and color the frame from the cartoon.
I want to see what you came up with. Explain.
Let's Let's watch the continuation of the cartoon and find out whose hypothesis is correct.
Does it happen in life that people treat a person badly: they say hurtful words, they offend him and the person feels like an outcast in society, useless to anyone?
What conclusion can be drawn?
Conclusion: Accept other people for who they are.
There are colorful children in the world
They live on one colorful planet
And this planet is for all time
All multi-colored ones have only one.
Come on guys, in spite of the weather
Let's embrace the planet with our round dance
Let's scatter clouds and smoke over it
We won’t let anyone offend her.
You have flowers on the tables. Write your name on the flower and decorate the clearing. Look how bright the clearing turned out!
These flowers, like you, are so bright, beautiful, unique. And together they are even more beautiful.
A person cannot live alone. This is how nature intended. It is in collaboration with others that we create our present.
We are different - this is our wealth.
We are together - this is our strength.
What is tolerance?
Kindness, love and laughter.
Conclusion
– What did you learn from today's conversation that was useful to you?
What new have you discovered?
What surprised you the most?
Today?
What is tolerance?
Kindness, love and laughter.
What is tolerance?
Happiness, friendship and success.
If everyone is tolerant of each other,
Together we will make our world tolerant
Literature
Comprehensive psychological, pedagogical and social service
MIAPP Moscow Institute of Analytical Psychology and Psychoanalysis
https://pandia.ru/text/78/547/images/image002_6.png" width="758" height="1075">On August 22, 1991, an emergency session of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR decided to consider the tricolor the official symbol of Russia. By decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 01/01/01, the Regulations on the State Flag of the Russian Federation were approved, and the decree dated 01/01/01 established that the State Flag is permanently displayed on buildings housing the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, federal executive bodies, other federal government bodies, bodies state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (together with the flags of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation). In August 1994, the President signed a Decree, which states: "In connection with the restoration on August 22, 1991 of the historical Russian tricolor state flag, covered with the glory of many generations of Russians, and for the purpose of educating present and future generations of Russian citizens respectful of state symbols, I decree: Establish a holiday - the Day of the State Flag of the Russian Federation and celebrate it on August 22."
In addition to the official symbols of Russia, there are also a number of unofficial symbols, these are Moscow, the Moscow Kremlin, Red Square, a bear, a matryoshka doll, a birch tree, and we also remember them when talking about Russia.
All of us, as citizens of Russia, must exalt the symbols of our state, honor them and not allow others to humiliate them, only then can we consider ourselves a patriot of Russia and its true citizen. Sometimes I think, am I a real patriot of my country? Although I am still young, I love my homeland and will be proud that I grew up and live in this wonderful country, Russia. But do you love your homeland? You'll probably say yes. It doesn’t matter where you live, but what matters is your attitude towards your country - do you love your homeland, are you proud of it and will you defend it?
I am a citizen of the Russian Federation, a country with a rich and interesting history. My task is to study, take an active life position, and make my contribution to the history of the school, the Astrakhan region and the whole country.
