Russian artists in alphabetical order. The most famous Russian artists
There are many talented individuals among Russian artists. Their work is highly valued all over the world and is a worthy competitor to such world masters as Rubens, Michelangelo, Van Gogh and Picasso. In this article we have collected 10 of the most famous Russian artists.
1. Ivan Aivazovsky
Ivan Aivazovsky is one of the most famous Russian artists. He was born in Feodosia. From childhood, Aivazovsky showed his incredible creative abilities: he loved to draw and taught himself to play the violin.
At the age of 12, the young talent began studying in Simferopol at the Academy of Painting. Here he learned to copy engravings and paint pictures from life. A year later, he managed to enter the St. Petersburg Imperial Academy, although he had not yet reached the age of 14.
For a long time, the artist traveled around Europe and lived in Italy, where his paintings were also recognized. So the young artist from Feodosia became a fairly famous and rich man.
Later, Aivazovsky returned to his homeland, where he received the uniform of the Naval Ministry and the title of academician. The artist also visited Egypt and was present at the opening of the new Suez Canal. The artist described all his impressions in paintings. By this time, he had already developed his own unique style and the ability to write from memory. Aivazovsky quickly sketched complex elements in a notebook in order to later transfer them to canvas. His paintings “Odessa”, “The Ninth Wave” and “The Black Sea” brought him worldwide fame.
The artist spent the last years of his life in Feodosia, where he built himself a house in the Italian style. A little later, Aivazovsky added a small gallery to it so that everyone could freely enjoy his amazing paintings and drown in the ocean of colors. Today, this mansion still serves as a museum and many visitors come here every day to see with their own eyes the skill of the marine painter, who lived a long and happy life.
2. Viktor Vasnetsov
The list of the most famous Russian artists continues with Viktor Vasnetsov. He was born in the spring of 1848 into the family of a priest in the small village of Lopyal. His passion for painting arose at a very early age, but his parents could not give him a proper education due to lack of money. Therefore, at the age of 10, Victor began studying at a free theological seminary.
In 1866, with virtually no money, he left for St. Petersburg. Vasnetsov easily passed the entrance exam and entered the Academy of Arts. Here his friendship began with the famous artist Repin, with whom he later went to Paris. After returning to St. Petersburg, Vasnetsov began to paint his most famous paintings: “Three Heroes,” “Snow Maiden” and “God of Hosts.”
The artist was able to fully reveal his talent only after moving to Moscow. Here he feels cozy and comfortable, and each subsequent picture turns out better than the previous one. It was in Moscow that Vasnetsov painted such paintings as “Alyonushka”, “Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf” and “Nestor the Chronicler”.
3. Karl Bryullov
This famous Russian artist was born in 1799. Karl's father was a famous painter and professor at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. Therefore, the boy’s fate was predetermined in advance. Fortunately, Karl Bryullov managed to inherit the talent of an artist from his father.
Studying was very easy for the young artist. He was many times superior to the rest of the students in his class and graduated from the Academy of Arts with honors. After this, Karl went to travel around Europe, stopping for a long time only in Italy. It was here that he created his masterpiece, “The Last Day of Pompeii,” spending about six years writing it.
Upon his return to St. Petersburg, fame and glory awaited Karl Bryullov. They were glad to see him everywhere and certainly admired his new paintings. During this period, the artist created several of his immortal canvases: “Horsewoman”, “Siege of Pskov”, “Narcissus” and others.
4. Ivan Shishkin
Ivan Shishkin is one of the most famous Russian landscape artists, who in his paintings could present any inconspicuous landscape in the most favorable light. It seems that nature itself plays on the canvases of this artist with living colors.
Ivan Shishkin was born in 1832 in Elabuga, which today belongs to Tatarstan. The father wanted his son to eventually take the post of city official, but Ivan gravitated towards drawing. At the age of 20, he went to Moscow to study painting. After successfully graduating from the Moscow School of Arts, Shishkin entered the Imperial Academy in St. Petersburg.
Later he traveled for a long time throughout Europe, sketching amazing landscapes. At this time, he created the painting “View in the vicinity of Düsseldorf”, which brought him great fame. After returning to Russia, Shishkin continues to create with renewed energy. According to him, Russian nature is several hundred times superior to European landscapes.
Ivan Shishkin painted many stunning paintings during his life: “Morning in a Pine Forest”, “First Snow”, “Pine Forest” and others. Even death overtook this painter right behind his easel.
5. Isaac Levitan
This great Russian master of landscapes was born in Lithuania, but lived his entire life in Russia. Repeatedly his Jewish origin caused him many humiliations, but never forced him to leave this country, which he idolized and praised in his paintings.
Levitan’s first landscapes already received high marks from Perov and Savrasov, and Tretyakov himself even bought his painting “Autumn Day in Sokolniki.” But in 1879, Isaac Levitan, along with all the Jews, was expelled from Moscow. Only through the enormous efforts of friends and teachers does he manage to return to the city.
In the 1880s, the artist painted many stunning paintings that made him very famous. These were “Pines”, “Autumn” and “First Snow”. But further humiliations forced the author to leave Moscow again and go to Crimea. On the peninsula, the artist paints a number of amazing works and significantly improves his financial condition. This allows him to travel around Europe and get acquainted with the work of world masters. The pinnacle of Levitan’s creativity was his painting “Above Eternal Peace.”
6. Vasily Tropinin
The great Russian portrait artist Vasily Tropinin had an amazing fate. He was born into the family of serfs, Count Markov, in 1780, and only at the age of 47 received the right to be a free man. Even as a child, little Vasily showed a penchant for drawing, but the count sent him to study to become a pastry chef. Later, he is nevertheless sent to the Imperial Academy, where he shows his talent in all its beauty. For his portraits “The Lacemaker” and “The Old Beggar” Vasily Tropinin was awarded the title of academician.
7. Petrov-Vodkin Kuzma
The famous Russian artist Petrov-Vodkin managed to leave behind a rich legacy in world painting. He was born in 1878 in Khvalynsk, and in his youth he was going to become a railway worker. However, fate made him a world-famous painter.
8. Alexey Savrasov
The paintings of this Russian artist were already selling well when he was barely 12 years old. A little later, he entered the Moscow School of Painting and instantly became one of the best students. A trip to Ukraine helped Savrasov graduate from college ahead of schedule and receive the title of artist.
The paintings “Stone in the Forest” and “Moscow Kremlin” made this painter an academician at the age of 24! The royal family is interested in the young talent, and Tretyakov himself buys many of his works for international exhibitions. Among them were “Winter”, “The Rooks Have Arrived”, “Rasputitsa” and others.
The death of two daughters and the subsequent divorce greatly affect Savrasov. He drinks heavily and soon dies in a hospital for the poor.
9. Andrey Rublev
Andrei Rublev is the most famous Russian icon painter. He was born in the 15th century and left behind a great legacy in the form of icons “Trinity”, “Annunciation”, “Baptism of the Lord”. Andrei Rublev, together with Daniil Cherny, decorated many churches with frescoes, and also painted icons for iconostases.
10. Mikhail Vrubel
Our list of the most famous Russian artists ends with Mikhail Vrubel, who during his life created many masterpieces in various subjects. He painted the Kyiv Temple, and later in Moscow began creating his famous series of “demonic” paintings. The creative wanderings of this artist did not find proper understanding among his contemporaries. Only several decades after the death of Mikhail Vrubel did art historians give him his due, and the Church agreed with his interpretations of biblical events.
Unfortunately, the artist’s personal life caused him to develop a severe form of mental disorder. The title of academician overtook him in a mental hospital, from which he was never destined to leave. Nevertheless, Mikhail Vrubel managed to create many amazing works of art that are worthy of genuine admiration. Among them, the paintings “Seated Demon”, “The Swan Princess” and “Faust” are especially worth highlighting.
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Books
- City of the Silver Age, Volodina T.I.. The space of the city in Russian fine art and literature of the Silver Age. The book is the first interdisciplinary study of the topic in modern Russian science...
- About outfits and rituals, Kirillov Ivan Borisovich. Folk holidays are the heritage of our ancestors. Once upon a time, people believed that with the help of rituals they could solve economic problems and attract good luck. Revival of holiday traditions...
Among all the most famous artists, I would like to especially note the work of the artist Miftyakhov Marat Khaidarovich.
The landscapes of Marat are amazing and unique.
Pictures can be different: realistic and unrealistic, understandable and incomprehensible.
If you see that a glass is drawn in the picture, then this is completely obvious, so what is there to think about? You looked at the picture and realized that it was a glass, tomorrow you looked again and again and realized that it was a glass... Most likely, having looked at such a picture once, you will not want to look at it again, since it is obvious and does not need in the explanation. Marat's paintings are the complete opposite of such paintings. They attract and fascinate because they depict completely unfamiliar and incomprehensible objects and landscapes, creating fantastic views in combination with each other.
The paintings contain many different small details.
It is very difficult to examine the entire picture in detail at once; such pictures require multiple viewings. And every time, approaching the picture, the viewer can discover something new, something that he had not noticed before. This quality is inherent in all Marat’s paintings and it makes viewing them even more attractive. The paintings are information-rich and carry a deep philosophical meaning.
“I consider Renato Guttuso the most significant artist of modern Western Europe,” wrote J. Berger.
And here are the words of Carlo Levi: “Guttuso is a great artist: and not only of Sicily and Italy. Now he is one of the largest artists in the world. “I am deeply convinced of this and am happy that I can declare this without restrictions or reservations, with full responsibility.”
Renato Guttuso was born in Sicily in Bagheria near Palermo on December 26, 1911 (according to other sources - January 2, 1912), in the family of a land surveyor. He received his first professional skills from folk artist Emilio Murdolo, who painted carriages. While studying at the Lyceum, Guttuso was simultaneously engaged in painting: he became acquainted with books on art and visited artists’ workshops. At the end of the twenties, his first paintings appeared.
At the first Quadriennale (a four-year exhibition of Italian artists), he achieved minor success - critics drew attention to two of his paintings.
Already during his lifetime, Dali’s name was surrounded by a halo of world fame. No one except Pablo Picasso could compare with him in fame.
The famous film director Alfred Hitchcock wrote: “I appreciated Dali for the cutting contours of his paintings - of course, in many ways similar to the paintings of de Chirico - for his long shadows, endless defamiliarization, an elusive line that goes into infinity, for faces without form. Naturally, he invented many more very strange things that could not be realized.”
Dali said about his painting: “How do you want to understand my paintings when I myself, who created them, don’t understand them either. The fact that at the moment when I paint I do not understand my paintings does not mean that these paintings do not have any meaning, on the contrary, their meaning is so deep, complex, connected, involuntary that it eludes simple logical analysis.”
Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dali y Domenech was born on May 11, 1904 in the small town of Figueres (Girona province), in the family of a lawyer. He was christened with the same name as his brother, who died at age seven from meningitis. In his autobiography, the artist writes: “Having been born, I took the place of the adored dead man, who continued to be loved through me... All my subsequent eccentric actions, all my inconsistent antics were the tragic constant of my life: I had to prove to myself that I was not mine dead brother, but himself alive. This is how I encountered the myth of Castor and Pollux: by killing my own brother within me, I won my own immortality.”
“Realism is not a formula established once and for all, not a dogma, not an unchangeable law. Realism, as a form of reflection of reality, must be in constant motion,” says Siqueiros. And one more of his statements: “The viewer is not a statue that is included in the linear perspective of the painting... he is the one who moves across its entire surface... a person, observing the painting, complements the artist’s creativity with his movement.”
On December 29, 1896, in the Mexican town of Chihuahua, a son, José David Alfaro Siqueiros, was born to Don Cipriano Alfaro and Teresa Siqueiros. By the age of eleven, he showed a gift for painting, so in 1907 the boy was sent to study at the National Preparatory School in Mexico City. Soon after this, Alfaro begins to study in the classes of the Art Academy of San Carlos.
Here Siqueiros becomes one of the student leaders and rouses the academy to protest and strike. The artist recalls: “What were the goals of our strike? What did we demand? Our demands concerned both educational and political issues. We wanted to put an end to the stale academic routine that reigned supreme in our school. At the same time, we also made some demands of an economic nature... We demanded the nationalization of the railways. The whole of Mexico laughed at us... Frankly speaking, I am deeply convinced that it was on that day that an artist-citizen, an artist living in public interests, was born in the soul of each of us...”
Plastov's canvases are full of life-affirming power. Through color and thanks to color, he fills his paintings with a living, vibrant feeling. The artist says: “I love this life. And when you see it year after year... you think that you need to tell people about it... Our life is full and rich, there are so many amazingly interesting things in it that even the ordinary everyday affairs of our people attract attention and shake the soul. You have to be able to see it, notice it.”
Arkady Aleksandrovich Plastov was born on January 31, 1893 in the village of Prislonikha, Simbirsk province, into the family of a village icon painter. His parents dreamed of their son becoming a priest. After completing three classes at a rural school, in 1903 Arkady was sent to the Simbirsk Theological School. Five years later he entered the Simbirsk Theological Seminary.
In the spring of the same 1908, he came into close contact with the work of a team of icon painters who were renovating the church in Prislonikha. “When they started setting up the scaffolding,” the artist writes in his autobiography, “grinding paints, boiling drying oil on the steep bank of the river, I myself was not myself and walked, enchanted, around the visiting miracle workers.” Watching how a new, unprecedented world of images was born on the walls of the old, grimy church, the boy firmly decided: “To be only a painter and nothing else.”
You can understand Chagall by “feeling” and not by “understanding.” “The sky and flight are the main state of Chagall’s brush,” noted Andrei Voznesensky.
“I walked on the Moon,” said the artist, “when astronauts did not yet exist. In my paintings the characters were in the sky and in the air...”
Mark Zakharovich Chagall was born on July 7, 1887 in the city of Vitebsk. He was the eldest of ten children of a small merchant. His father served as a worker for a herring merchant, and his mother, Feiga, ran a small shop. In 1905, Mark graduated from a four-year city vocational school.
Mark’s first teacher was Yu.M. in 1906. Peng. In his autobiography entitled “My Life,” Chagall dedicated the following lines to Yuri Moiseevich: “Pen is dear to me. So his trembling figure stands before my eyes. In my memory, he lives next to his father. Often, mentally walking through the deserted streets of my city, I keep bumping into him. How many times was I ready to beg him, standing on the threshold of the school: I don’t need fame, just to become like you, a humble master, or to hang, instead of your paintings, on your street, in your house, next to you. Let me!”
The famous critic Paul Husson wrote in 1922 about Modigliani:
“After Gauguin, he undoubtedly knew best how to express the feeling of the tragic in his work, but with him this feeling was more intimate and usually devoid of any exclusivity.
...This artist carries within himself all the unspoken aspirations for new expressiveness, characteristic of an era that thirsts for the absolute and does not know the path to it.”
Amedeo Clemente Modigliani was born on July 12, 1884 into a family of Italian Jews. His father, Flaminio Modigliani, after the bankruptcy of his Firewood and Coal office, headed the intermediary's office. Mother, Evgenia Garsen, came from a merchant family.
Picasso said: “Art is a lie that helps us understand the truth.”
Pablo Ruiz Picasso was born on October 25, 1881 in Malaga, Spain, into the family of the artist Don José Ruiz and Maria Picasso y Lopez. Over time, the artist took his mother's surname. My father was a modest art teacher who sometimes carried out orders for interior painting. The boy started drawing very early. The very first sketches amaze with artistry and professional skill. The young artist’s first painting was called “Picador”.
When Pablo turns ten years old, he and his family move to La Coruña. In 1892, he entered the local Art School, where his father taught a drawing and ornament class.
G.S. Oganov writes: “...The artist sought to reveal the life of the image through the expressiveness of form, hence the search for dynamic tension, rhythm and color. Of course, the viewer is amazed not by these searches themselves, but, above all, by the result. And this result in Petrov-Vodkin always goes beyond purely compositional, decorative, pictorial quests - the life of the spirit is always present here in a concrete psychological and at the same time philosophically generalized expression. This gives scale to his works and makes them, despite all the external, formal parallels with ancient Russian or modern Western European art, original, unique, deeply independent works.”
Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin was born on the Volga in the small town of Khvalynsk on November 5, 1878. He was the first-born in the family of shoemaker Sergei Fedorovich Vodkin and his wife Anna Panteleevna, née Petrova. When the boy was in his third year, his father was recruited as a soldier and sent to serve in St. Petersburg, on Okhta. Soon Anna Panteleevna moved there along with her little son. After two and a half years, she returned to Khvalynsk, where her mother entered service in the house of local rich people. Kuzma lived with her in the outbuilding.
I.E. Repin called Kustodiev “a hero of Russian painting.” “A great Russian artist - and with a Russian soul,” another famous painter, M.V., said about him. Nesterov. And here is what N.A. writes: Sautin: “Kustodiev is an artist of versatile talent. An excellent painter, he entered Russian art as the author of significant works of the everyday genre, original landscapes and portraits with deep content. An excellent draftsman and graphic artist, Kustodiev worked in linocut and woodcut printing, and performed book illustrations and theatrical sketches. He developed his own original artistic system, managed to feel and embody the original features of Russian life.”
Boris Mikhailovich Kustodiev was born on March 7, 1878 in Astrakhan. His father, Mikhail Lukich Kustodiev, who taught Russian language, literature, and logic at the Astrakhan girls' gymnasium and seminary, died when the boy was not even two years old. All worries about raising four children fell on the shoulders of the mother, Ekaterina Prokhorovna. Mother rented a small outbuilding in the house of a wealthy merchant. As Boris Mikhailovich recalls: “The whole way of rich and abundant merchant life was in full view... These were Ostrovsky’s living types...” Decades later, these impressions materialize in Kustodiev’s paintings.
The founder of his own abstract style - Suprematism - Kazimir Severinovich Malevich was born on February 23, 1878 (according to other sources - 1879) in Kyiv. Parents Severin Antonovich and Ludviga Alexandrovna were Poles by origin. The artist later recalled: “The circumstances in which my childhood life took place were as follows: my father worked at beet and sugar factories, which are usually built in the deep wilderness, far from large and small cities.”
Around 1890, my father was transferred to the plant, which was located in the village of Parkhomovka, near Belopolye. Here Kazimir graduates from a five-year agricultural school: “The village... was engaged in art (I didn’t know such a word then)... I watched with great excitement how the peasants made paintings, and helped them smear the floors of the huts with clay and make patterns on the stove... The whole life of the peasants fascinated me strongly... It was against this background that feelings for art, for art, developed in me.” Four years later, the family moved to the plant in Volchok, and then moved to Konotop.
