home-Hats-How to make your own volcano experience at home. Chemical experiment volcano at home

How to make your own volcano experience at home. Chemical experiment volcano at home

BEP team(Great Energy Potential)

Chemistry is an experimental science; experiment teaches you to test your conclusions in practice. Lomonosov said:“It is in no way possible to learn chemistry without seeing the practice itself and without taking on chemical operations”

By visiting a modern virtual laboratory in the collection http://school-collection.edu.ru/catalog/pupil/?subject=30

We chose the following experience

(For resource capabilities, see Appendix: presentation with photographs of the resource’s working window)

Decomposition of ammonium dichromate

(Chemical volcano)

Experience Objectives:

1. Introduce the signs and conditions of chemical reactions (exothermic decomposition, redox reaction).

2. To awaken students’ interest in chemistry and show that this science is not only theoretical.

3.Create conditions for students to develop the ability to analyze the results of laboratory research.

(Also, the purpose of this experiment may be to obtain chromium (III) oxide Cr 2 O 3)

Safety precautions . Unlike physical phenomena, during chemical phenomena, or chemical reactions, the transformation of some substances into others occurs, new substances are formed that have different properties. This can be judged by external signs. These signs are called signs of chemical reactions. Remember that any chemical experiments require caution, attention, and accuracy when performed. Following simple rules will help you avoid trouble:

The experiment should be performed in a fume hood with ventilation turned on (or in the open air). Attention! You should wear safety glasses during the experiment! There is a rapid release of decomposition products! Do not lean over the “volcano”, do not inhale chromium oxide aerosol. The starting substance and the reaction product are poisonous if ingested. Do not handle substances with your hands; wash your hands after the experiment!

Instruments and reagents : porcelain mortar, asbestos paper or metal plate, glass rod; matches; Ammonium dichromate (NH 4) 2 Cr 2 O 7 (crushed), ethyl alcohol.

To conduct the experiment chemical "volcano" grind 50 g of crystals thoroughly in a porcelain mortarAmmonium dichromate (NH 4) 2 Cr 2 O 7. To make it easier to collect the reaction product, cover the surface adjacent to the test site with a sheet of filter paper.

Next, (NH 4) 2 Cr 2 O 7 is poured onto a sheet of asbestos paper or a metal plate so as to form a slide shape. Use a stick to make a hole at the top of the slide and pour a few milliliters of ethyl alcohol (C 2 H 5 OH) into it. Light the alcohol with a match the alcohol ignites and the process of rapid decomposition of ammonium dichromate begins.

At the same time, bright sparks and “volcanic ash” are ejected from the “crater” - dirty green Cr 2 O 3, and its volume is many times greater than the volume of ammonium dichromate taken:

(NH 4) 2 Cr 2 O 7 → N 2 + 4H 2 O + Cr 2 O 3 + Q.

The exothermic decomposition of (NH 4) 2 Cr 2 O 7 is very similar to the eruption of a real volcano,especially at the final stage, when sheaves of red sparks break out from the depths of the fluffy Cr 2 O 3.

The decomposition reaction of ammonium dichromate proceeds with the release of a large amount of heat, therefore, after igniting the salt, it proceeds spontaneously - until all the dichromate has decomposed.

Conclusion: Chromium (III) oxide Cr 2 O 3 is obtained by heating ammonium dichromate. The decomposition reaction of ammonium dichromate is a redox reaction. It begins after preheating and proceeds violently, releasing a large amount of heat. Gas evolution and the formation of hot particles of chromium (III) oxide are observed. The gas flow carries hot particles of chromium (III) oxide upward. The destruction of ammonium dichromate crystals is accompanied by characteristic cracking. t (NH4)2Cr2O7 = Cr2O3 + 4H2O + N2 This reaction belongs to the group of intramolecular oxidation and reduction reactions. The oxidizing agent is the element chromium, the oxidation state of which varies from +6 to +3, and the reducing agent is nitrogen, the oxidation state of which varies from -3 to +0.

Recycling: chromium(III) oxide ) collect in a container for further experiments.

Most likely, I won’t be mistaken if I say that the “Volcano” experiment made from soda and vinegar is one of the most spectacular and favorite experiences among kids. Children can repeat it endlessly. But I don’t want to do it using the same template every time. As it turned out, with the same ingredients - soda, vinegar (citric acid) and water - you can come up with quite a few variations of the well-known experiment. We'll tell you about them.

Required Ingredients

Just in case, let me remind you of the ingredients that will be needed to conduct the “Vulcan” experiment:

  • soda,
  • vinegar, acetic acid or citric acid,
  • water.

Ingredient ratio:

  • 100 ml water, 1 teaspoon vinegar, 1 teaspoon soda;
  • 1 glass of water, 2 teaspoons of soda, 1 teaspoon of citric acid.

I often use citric acid, since it has no odor, and conducting experiments with it is much more comfortable and safer.

There are several secrets on how you can add variety to the reaction:

  • To make the experience more vigorous, you can use sparkling water instead of water.
  • To delay the onset of the reaction slightly, do not mix water and citric acid directly. First dissolve citric acid or vinegar in water, and first wrap the soda in a paper napkin or paper towel.
  • The reaction will be more effective if you add dye to the ingredients (you can use gouache, but dry food dyes for Easter eggs or liquid dyes for homemade soap are more suitable).
  • For thicker and more stable foam, add a drop of detergent to the volcano.
  • Also, the reaction will be more interesting if glitter or small sequins are added to the volcano mixture. The foam coming out of the volcano will also pull out the sequins. In the same way, lava coming out of a real volcano brings stones from deep within to the surface of the earth.

Although the Vulcan experience is the same ingredients each time, albeit in different containers, there is something to think about in each case. I have divided questions that you can ask your child or think about together into “Things to Think About” blocks.

Classic volcano - almost like a real one

The easiest option is to make a volcano from plasticine or salt dough. It is not at all necessary to use new plasticine; plasticine that was used previously, but has now turned into a gray mass, is quite suitable. We added sequin stars to the volcano you see in the photo below. To bring them to the surface, we had to awaken the volcano several times, each time increasing the amount of ingredients. In the end, everything turned out with 3 teaspoons of soda and 1.5 teaspoons of citric acid. And another tip: it’s better to pour the sequins last. And if you have them under the reagents, after adding water, quickly stir them in the crater of the volcano with a wooden stick.

Another option is a glass or plastic bottle with a tall, narrow neck (I prefer glass as it is more stable). It is very interesting to watch how the foam rises up the narrow neck from the inside, and then flows down the walls of the volcano.

Having carefully examined our kitchen, we noticed that the funnel was very similar to a volcano. The lower part of the funnel should be covered in several layers with cling film. The top of the funnel can also be covered with a layer of foil. And to avoid surprises, it is better to place the funnel covered with film on a tray.

Something to think about. If you don't skimp on the ingredients and the reaction turns out to be violent, you'll end up with a spitting volcano. Discuss with your child why? What makes a volcano spit in a crater?

Answer. The neck of the funnel is narrow, carbon dioxide is released rapidly and in large quantities. In a hurry to leave the funnel, carbon dioxide takes water with it.

If you don’t have a funnel at hand, you can use the top of a plastic bottle instead: cut off the top part of the plastic bottle (the cut part can be 7-10 cm high), cover the bottom in several layers with cling film or foil. The volcano is ready - you can make the filling.

A volcano in a glass, or how to make water boil without heat

If you don’t want to sculpt a volcano, but you don’t have a funnel or a plastic bottle at hand, you can make a volcano in an ordinary glass or jar and play with it in an interesting way. For example, tell your child that you can make water boil without using an electric kettle or stove.

Dissolve 2 teaspoons of baking soda in 1 glass of water (the glass should not be filled to the top, otherwise your volcano will burst its banks). Pour 1 teaspoon of citric acid into a glass. The water in the glass will “boil” - it will begin to bubble. Invite your baby to touch the glass. Is he hot? Is the liquid in it hot?

Instead of soda water in this experiment, you can make a solution of vinegar or citric acid (for 0.5 liters of water - 2.5 teaspoons of citric acid or vinegar). Then you will not add citric acid or vinegar to the glass, but soda.

Things to think about 1. Now pour water into another glass and add 1 teaspoon of citric acid. Nothing will happen. Let the child express his guesses as to why this happens and what the magic of water is in the first glass.

Add 2 teaspoons of soda to the second glass, now the water will “boil” in this glass. Discuss with your child what is happening, what reaction makes the water “boil”.

Answer. When found in water, soda and citric acid interact. This releases carbon dioxide. Since gas is lighter than water, gas bubbles rise to the surface of the water. Here they burst, thereby causing the water to “boil”.

If, before putting a spoonful of citric acid into glasses of soda water and ordinary water, you pour a little liquid from each glass, you will have another way to show that the liquids in the glasses are different - add red tea to them. In a glass of regular water, the tea will become a little paler, and in a glass of soda water it will turn blue.

Something to think about 2. Mix baking soda and citric acid in a cup. Watch, is anything happening? Nothing.

Answer. To start a reaction between soda or citric acid, the presence of water must be present, or one of the components must be in the form of a solution.

Things to think about 3. Pour the same amount of citric acid solution into two glasses. Place the entire spoon in one glass, and carefully pour the soda from the spoon into another glass. In which glass will the volcano be more violent?

Answer. The volcano in the glass where you lowered the entire spoon with soda will be more violent, since in this case a larger number of molecules meet, combine and react at once.

You can also compare volcanic eruptions based on soda water and lemon water. Given the same amount of ingredients, which one will be more stormy?

Boiling Lake

What I especially like about this option: you can give your baby two teaspoons, a container of soda and citric acid, and give him the freedom to experiment for a while.

You will need: a bowl of water, citric acid, soda, 2 teaspoons and a larger spoon for stirring. Let the water in the bowl be a lake. Show your child that if you add a little soda and citric acid to the lake, the lake will boil. Repeat and let the baby try it himself. And I assure you: until the containers with soda and citric acid are empty, the baby will be busy, and you will have time to do some of your business.

Something to think about. Try stirring your lake with a spoon or a stick. Will the lake boil more or less?

Answer. A volcano that is disturbed erupts more strongly, because by mixing the water in the lake, we help the molecules of soda and citric acid meet faster.

Something to think about. Add citric acid and soda to the water not at the same time, but one after another. Let's start with citric acid, then add soda. The lake will boil and stop boiling. Add a little more soda - nothing happens. What should I add? Citric acid. Added. The lake is boiling again. It stopped. Add more citric acid. Nothing. What should I add? Soda. Added. The lake is boiling again, etc.

Answer. Only a certain amount of soda and citric acid can meet and react. If there is too much soda in the water, after the eruption ends, the excess will settle to the bottom. If there is too much citric acid in the water, the lake will eventually fall asleep too. To “wake up” the lake again, you need to add what is missing.

Rough River

We had a boiling lake. Why not create a boiling river? Ideally suited for this purpose are the Fun Coaster construction kits from Bauer or Marbutopia. This will be the river bed. If you don’t have such a constructor, you can cut lengthwise either a plastic or foam pipe. Let's set the bed of our river in a basin or bathtub.

Prepare a mixture of baking soda and citric acid (ratio 2:1) and a jug or bottle of water. You can add dye to a mixture of soda and citric acid or water. We pour this mixture into the bed of our river, then begin to pour water from above. The water moves down and the river begins to rage.

If you close the bathtub opening with a stopper in advance, you will get a colored lake below. Let it be blue, for example. Follow it with a red river and your lake will turn purple.

Do you want to play with your child easily and with pleasure?

Bombs

Bombs are balls made of soda and citric acid that begin to bubble when dropped into water. Except

  • 4 tablespoons of soda,
  • 2 tablespoons citric acid

to make bombs you will need

  • 1 teaspoon oil (sunflower or olive),
  • water in a spray bottle.

You can add dry or liquid dye.

Mix the baking soda and citric acid well, add the oil and mix again. Flakes will appear. Try making bombs; if they don’t form well, lightly spray the mixture with water from a spray bottle. A reaction will begin, but it's not scary. The main thing is not to overdo it with the amount of water, otherwise an active reaction will occur and your bombs will turn out to self-explode.

We make bombs with our hands. If you want to make large bombs, snowflakes or transparent blanks for creating Christmas tree decorations are perfect for this purpose.

Bombs made from soda and citric acid explode in ordinary water.

By the way, these bombs can also be used for playing in the bathroom. And if you add sea salt and a drop of your favorite essential oil to the ingredients, you can arrange a bath with bombs not only for your baby, but also for yourself.

You can make bombs simply from soda with the addition of oil or plain water. As you understand, such bombs will explode only in water to which citric acid or vinegar has been added.

Something to think about. Make bombs with your baby from soda with the addition of oil or plain water. Place two containers of water in front of the baby, add vinegar or citric acid to one of them in advance (for the cup we have, I added 2 tablespoons of vinegar or 2 teaspoons of citric acid).

Throw bombs into two containers at once. The bob will explode in only one of them. Ask your child why? You can ask the question differently. For example, like this: “Although the liquid in both cups looks the same, in fact, different liquids are poured into the cups: one contains water, the other contains a solution of citric acid. Can you determine what is in each cup without testing the water? The bombs will help you."

h

By the way, do not rush to pour out the water into which you dropped the soda bomb. A soda solution will come in handy when washing dishes!

Ice volcanoes

Did you know that ice volcanoes were found on one of the moons of Saturn, on one of the moons of Pluto and other objects in the solar system? (If you want to learn about ice volcanoes and much more, come with us to .) To see ice volcanoes, you don’t have to fly that far on a spaceship. Everything can be done at home.

Prepare a soda solution in advance and freeze it in small cubes. You can add dye. Before starting the game, prepare a lemon solution and a syringe. Place a few soda cubes on a flat plate and pour lemon water over them from a syringe. The ice will melt with hissing and bubbles. You can do the opposite: freeze lemon water and pour water from a syringe.

Something to think about. Do not reveal to your child the two main secrets about what water the ice cubes were made from and what water the syringe is filled with. If you've played with volcanoes before, your 5-year-old can probably figure it out on his own.

Something to think about. Before freezing soda or lemon water, add coloring to it. It’s very good if you get cubes of red, yellow, blue, and white colors. When placing ice cubes on plates for your baby, place yellow and red, yellow and blue, red and blue next to each other. When the volcanoes melt, pay your child’s attention to what color puddles are left behind.

As you can see from the photos, we had clear, blue, and red soda water cubes. While watching the volcano erupt, we saw pink, yellow and a lot of green. These are the miracles! and that's all!

You can also create an ice volcano in a glass: pour water into the glass (not to the very top, otherwise the volcano will immediately overflow its banks), add citric acid or vinegar, throw a cube of frozen soda water into the glass. (You can freeze lemon water and make soda in a glass.) The eruption will begin immediately and will continue for quite a long time - until the entire soda cube has melted. If you color the soda cubes, you can visualize the eruption of an ice volcano. Don’t forget to draw your child’s attention to how the color intensity of the liquid in the glass changes as the ice volcano erupts.

The duration of the eruption and visibility are the main advantages of an ice volcano compared to the method when we simply add soda to a solution of citric acid, or vice versa.

You will find more experiments with ice in the article.

Rainbow volcanoes

Volcanoes look very impressive when there are several of them and they are colored. It is convenient to make such volcanoes in containers of the same size. We fill them with a solution of vinegar or citric acid, add dry or liquid dye, a drop of liquid detergent for a thicker and more stable foam, add soda and observe.

"And you, Vulcan, who are before the forges
You forge lightning in the bottom of hell!"
(G.R. Derzhavin, “To the Knight of Athens”)

The most famous of the "domestic" volcanoes - dichromate - was first observed by the German chemist Rudolf Böttger, who became famous as the inventor of modern matches and the explosive pyroxylin.

Böttger Volcano

In 1843 Rudolf Böttger received ammonium dichromate(NH 4) 2 Cr 2 O 7 is an orange-red crystalline substance. He decided to test this substance. Having poured a pile of crystals onto a plate, he brought a burning splinter to it. The crystals did not flare up, but something “boiled” around the end of the burning splinter, and hot particles began to rapidly fly out. The hill began to grow and soon took on impressive dimensions. The color also changed: instead of orange it became green. Later it was found that ammonium dichromate spontaneously decomposes not only from a lit splinter or match, but also from a heated glass rod. This releases nitrogen gas, water vapor, solid particles of hot chromium oxide and a large amount of heat. An intramolecular redox reaction occurs.

Volcano Lemery

The French chemist, pharmacist and physician Nicolas Lemery (1645-1715) also observed something similar to a volcano in his time when, having mixed 2 g of iron filings and 2 g of powdered sulfur in an iron cup, he touched it with a hot glass rod. After some time, black particles began to fly out of the prepared mixture, and the mixture itself, having greatly increased in volume, became so hot that it began to glow. Lemery Volcano is the result of a simple chemical reaction between iron and sulfur to form iron sulfide. This reaction proceeds very energetically and is accompanied by significant heat release.

Ferrate volcano

To demonstrate this experiment, which is also very effective, mix 1 g of iron powder or powder with 2 g of dry potassium nitrate, previously ground in a mortar. The mixture is placed in the recess of a slide made from 4-5 tablespoons of dry sifted river sand, moistened with ethyl alcohol or cologne and set on fire. A violent reaction begins with the release of sparks, brownish smoke and strong heating. When potassium nitrate interacts with iron, potassium ferrate and gaseous nitrogen monoxide are formed, which, when oxidized in air, produces brown gas - nitrogen dioxide. If the solid residue after the end of the reaction is placed in a glass of cold boiled water, a red-violet solution of potassium ferrate will be obtained.

All three volcanoes will look especially impressive if shown in the evening twilight outdoors. And if you are doing “chemical volcanology” indoors, take care of the safety of spectators by seating them away from the demonstration table: inhalation of products"volcanic" reactions very bad! You can't bend over over the “volcano” and touch it until the process is over and all the substances have cooled down!!!

Safe volcano

To prepare a volcano that is completely safe and yet very effective, you will need plate, plasticine, baking soda(sodium bicarbonate), acetic acid(you can use table vinegar - 3 - 9% acetic acid solution), dye(you can take fucorcin from a home medicine cabinet or red food coloring, or even beet juice), any dishwashing liquid.

The plasticine is divided into two parts and one of them is rolled out into a flat “pancake” - the base of the volcano, and from the second a hollow cone is molded with a hole at the top (the slopes of the volcano). Having pinched both parts at the edges, you need to pour water inside and make sure that the “volcano” does not let it through from below. The volume of the internal cavity of the “volcano” should not be very large (100-200 ml is best, this is the capacity of a tea cup or a regular glass). The volcano on a plate is placed on a tray.

To “charge” a volcano with “lava”, prepare a mixture dishwashing liquid(1 tablespoon), dry baking soda(1 tablespoon) and dye(a few drops are enough). This mixture is poured into the “volcano”, and then added there vinegar(quarter cup). A violent reaction begins with the release of carbon dioxide. Brightly colored foam emerges from the crater of the volcano...
After the experiment, do not forget to wash the plate thoroughly.

In a porcelain mortar, grind 50 grams of orange-red crystals of ammonium bichromate (NH4)2Cr2O7. Pour the powder in a heap onto a large sheet of metal or asbestos cardboard. At the top of the “volcano”, make a depression “crater” and pour 1-2 ml there. alcohol The alcohol is set on fire and the lights in the room are turned off. Active decomposition of ammonium bichromate begins. In this case, a sheaf of bright sparks appears and a grayish green Cr2O3 “volcanic ash” is formed. The volume of chromium oxide is many times greater than the volume of the original ammonium bichromate. The experience is very reminiscent of a real volcanic eruption, especially at the final stage, when sheaves of red sparks erupt from the depths of the fluffy Cr2O3. The decomposition reaction of ammonium bichromate proceeds with the release of a large amount of heat, therefore, after igniting the salt, it proceeds spontaneously - until all the dichromate has decomposed.

(NH4)2Cr2O7 = Сr2O3 + N2 + 4H2O

For the first time, the discoverer of this substance, Rudolf Böttger (1843), observed the decomposition of ammonium dichromate.

There are several modified versions of this experiment. For example, pour a pile of powdered sugar and make a depression in it, into which pour ammonium bichromate (NH4)2Cr2O7. Ignite the dichromate. The beginning of the experiment is no different from the experiment described above. However, chromium oxide Cr2O3, which is formed as a result of decomposition, is a catalyst for the oxidation of sucrose. Therefore, if the mixture is stirred at the end of the bichromate decomposition, the experiment will move to the second stage. Then sprinkle the almost burnt, but still hot pile with saltpeter, and you will get beautiful flickering lights that corrode the mass.

Source www.chemistry-chemists.com

You can watch a volcano erupt at home not only on TV. With the help of a small chemical experiment, you will arrange a real eruption on a fairy-tale island.

From this article you will learn

All that is needed

For the experiment you will need some household chemicals and decorative elements to create an island. The volcano island can be made from natural materials or use dinosaur sensory box sets.

A model of a volcano is made from plasticine. Creating a fabulous volcanic island for the experience is the main component of it and serves to develop the child's imagination and creativity. Such activities will help instill a love for chemistry and geography. The child will develop fine motor skills of the fingers while making plasticine terrain and its inhabitants.

To make an island you need:

  • cardboard;
  • stapler or narrow tape;
  • box with colored plasticine;
  • small animal toys;
  • colorful pebbles;
  • a large plastic box or bowl in which the island will stand;
  • glass or plastic container with a volume of 200 ml for the volcano crater.

To conduct the experiment you will need:

  • soda 20 g;
  • food coloring:
  • vinegar 9%;
  • dish detergent 25 ml;
  • water 100 ml.

Usually the experiment continues until mom runs out of all the baking soda and vinegar, so be patient.

Children cannot carry out the experiment on their own without adults. If vinegar gets into a child's eyes or mouth, it can cause a burn to the mucous membranes, and if swallowed, it can cause a burn to the esophagus.

Making a fairytale island

You can build an island in a large plastic container. Pour real water and line the bottom with round pebbles. Make a container for the volcano from a baby food jar or an old glass. For the mountain inside which the container will stand, you need to make a cardboard model; your child will be happy to cover it with plasticine.

The sequence of making a volcanic mountain:

  • cut out a circle of the required diameter from thick cardboard;
  • make a cut from the edge to the center of the circle;
  • roll up a cone;
  • the edges of the cone are fastened with a stapler or tape;
  • cut off the upper part of the cone at a height equal to the container chosen for the volcano;
  • place the container inside the cone.

I coat the top of the mountain with plasticine. To do this, roll out small brown plasticine cakes and stick them to a paper cone, completely covering the cardboard. The top of the volcano can be made of red plasticine, which will imitate hot lava.

They place a volcanic mountain on a dry island of pebbles. They are seated around small rubber animals that are among children's toys. Multi-colored amazing dinosaurs or wolves, foxes, bunnies, bears and other inhabitants of the forest and jungle. Depending on what animals were planted, vegetation for the island is selected. Large tree ferns and horsetails for dinosaurs, and ordinary fir trees and birches for bunnies and foxes.

Plastic plants are also often sold in sets for children's games. You can use a leaf of a living fern and twigs of plants if it is summer outside. Plants can also be molded from plasticine, made from threads and beads or regular cardboard.

You can make small houses out of cardboard for plastic Indians and soldiers. It is better to use cardboard to make plants and houses when the island is in a container with blue-dyed sand instead of water or on a blue plasticine sea.

Conducting an experiment

Finally the island is ready. All the toy animals and people froze in anticipation of an interesting event - a volcanic eruption. They know that the volcano is not real and therefore are not afraid of it.

To conduct the experiment, pour a tablespoon of soda into the volcano jar. Add a tablespoon of dishwashing detergent. Red or orange food coloring is dissolved in 100 milligrams of water and added to the baking soda and detergent. The base for the experiment is ready, all that remains is to add vinegar. For mom, you can let your child pour vinegar into the volcano on his own, under her supervision, so that he doesn’t do it in her absence. It is better to repeat the experiment for an encore, pouring vinegar into the “mouth” of the volcano and pouring soda into it until the child is interested in it and asks to repeat the experiment.

When vinegar is added, the baking soda will begin to foam, erupting from the “volcano mouth” like red or orange lava. The detergent will allow the “lava” to foam longer and more abundantly, overflowing from the vent and flooding the surrounding area along with plants and animals that were carelessly located too close.

Afterword

The safest way to experiment with a volcano for young children is to use baking soda and vinegar. It can be repeated many times, and getting the necessary materials for the experiment is not difficult.

The most interesting thing about the experience is creating your own fairy-tale island with your child, which can be used not only for the “Volcano” chemical experiment, but also for an exciting game.

With older children, you can conduct the “Vulcan” experiment at home using
, potassium permanganate and glycerin. For the experiment, ammonium dichromate is poured into an evaporation bowl in the form of a slide, in the middle of which a depression is made. Add a little potassium permanganate and a few drops of glycerin to the recess.

After a few minutes, due to the interaction of potassium permanganate and glycerin, the ammonium dichromate will ignite. Sparks will shoot out from the volcano in all directions, and a fountain of fire will begin to erupt. Before starting the experiment, the bowl must be placed on foil so as not to burn the surface on which the experiment will take place.

Ammonium dichromate can simply be set on fire, and it will burn like a volcano, spewing sparks. The experience is exciting, but children should not be allowed to do it without the presence of adults. Burns can be caused not only by sparks, but also by the chemicals used.

Good luck with your experiments!



Related publications: