Characteristics of Zheltkov given by General Anosov. Literature lesson based on the story by A.I.
Zheltkov characterization and image of the hero in Kuprin’s story Garnet Bracelet
Plan
1. Introduction
2. General characteristics
3. "Holy, eternal, pure love"
4.Conclusion
The theme of love is one of the leading ones in world literature. Many poets and writers have illuminated all the shades of this great feeling from different angles. Unrequited love deserves special attention. What can a person do in this case? A.I. Kuprin gives his answer to this question in the story “The Garnet Bracelet”, creating the image of the hopelessly in love G.S. Zheltkov.
Zheltkov is a poor middle-aged official with an inexpressive appearance; "pale, with a gentle girlish face." He behaves very modestly and politely. When visiting Nikolai Nikolaevich and Vasily Lvovich, Zheltkov is completely lost. It becomes clear that he rarely has to communicate with representatives of high society.
Having learned that the purpose of the visit is to pursue Vera Nikolaevna, Zheltkov gets into a very nervous state. This is a sacred topic for him. Zheltkov never expected that it could become the subject of discussion. However, Zheltkov’s shyness and modesty instantly disappear at the hint of government intervention. A love-sick person is genuinely perplexed as to what this can do. At the same time, he continues to behave and speak very politely and decently.
Zheltkov's Cross - selfless love for Vera Nikolaevna. Having met her by chance for the first time, the official fell in love with her for life. The first unsuccessful attempts in the form of love letters had no effect on Zheltkov’s feelings. For eight years now, his admiration for his beloved woman has continued. Many will consider such love a manic idea simply because this practically never happens in life. According to the lover himself, this is a divine gift, a reward. Zheltkov understands that he has no chance of reciprocity. Yes, he doesn’t even dream about it. His only desire is to be able to at least occasionally see the object of his admiration.
For Zheltkov, Vera Nikolaevna is a deity in the literal sense. As he himself writes in his last letter: “there is nothing in the world... more beautiful and tender than you.” Everything that the beloved touches becomes sacred for Zheltkov. He keeps her scarf, note, and art exhibition program as the greatest relics. Love completely transforms the poor official and gives meaning to his life.
For insensitive people (like Tuganovsky), his selflessness is incomprehensible and ridiculous. But Prince Shein and Vera Nikolaevna are shocked by Zheltkov’s love. They feel an involuntary respect for him. Zheltkov considers sending the “stupid bracelet” his mistake. There was absolutely no need for him to remind himself. Already during the visit of Prince Shein with Tuganovsky, the lover decides to commit suicide so as not to cause trouble to anyone else.
Zheltkov’s unearthly love seems fantastic, especially in our time. Nevertheless, it is an ideal to strive for. Few people can boast of complete selflessness in the name of a loved one. The image of Zheltkov reminds us that “love is born in heaven,” and the best recognition is: “Hallowed be your name.”
The story of unhappy love for a married woman became the plot of the story “The Garnet Bracelet.” Zheltkov G.S. is her main character. The man's name remains unknown. One can only assume that his name is George. The text contains only the last name - Zheltkov. The appearance of a man in love also does not evoke strong sympathy or negativity. He is tall, thin and pale. Other appearance features: trembling hands, nervous fingers, reddish mustache, childish chin, long soft hair. Zheltkov in the story is about 35 years old.
A poor official of some government institution saw Vera Nikolaevna at the circus and fell in love. It was love at first sight and for many years. A man begins to follow a woman, gets acquainted with society, her surroundings and hobbies. Zheltkov is happy. He truly loves, the man realizes what “enormous happiness” has visited him. The official is not interested in anything: “neither politics, nor science, nor philosophy.” He is absorbed by a woman, she becomes the meaning of his life.
Zheltkov thanks God, who gave him a great feeling. He checked whether it was a disease or an obsession. I realized that no. His love is “not a manic idea.” Even Vera's husband is sure that G.S. was not crazy, but was in love. There is some irony in the author’s words when he lists how a man burns the most precious thing he had: Vera’s things. A stolen scarf, a note, an exhibition program - objects that have been in the hands of a woman become expensive and incredibly valuable. Faith for G.S. is the only joy, consolation, thought. He does not evaluate his feelings as persecution.
Zheltkov gives the woman a garnet bracelet. This item was a family heirloom. She protected men from violent death, and rewarded women with the gift of foresight. The bracelet belonged to the great-grandmother, then passed to Zheltkov’s mother. The gift made Vera's brother Nikolai very angry. The brother wants to put an end to this story. He goes to Zheltkov and demands that he abandon the pursuit of the princess. The man is waiting for the decision of his fate from Vera Nikolaevna herself. The woman also asks to end the incomprehensible, protracted affair in letters. Zheltkov wants to stay in the city and see his beloved at least occasionally, but Vera’s words cut off all threads of hope.
G.S. commits suicide. Before his death, he admiringly addresses his beloved: “Hallowed be Thy name.” Vera is freed from Zheltkov’s feelings. But there is no peace in the beauty’s soul. She lost the love that “every woman dreams of.” The beautiful feeling passed her by, she missed the opportunity to be a muse and the meaning of life, broke off love and remained an ordinary married woman, no different from other society ladies.
The "Garnet Bracelet" was created to prove the existence of true, pure love in the modern world. For this purpose, he created a story, some perceive it as an anecdote about a telegraph operator who fell in love, while others perceive it as a touching “Love Song” - touching, pure.
The hero of the story is G.S. Zheltkov. He was an official of the Control Chamber. The writer portrays him as a young man “about thirty-five years old”, of rather pleasant appearance: tall, rather thin, with long soft hair. Constantly pale, his face is so tender, as if a girl’s, with a child’s chin and blue eyes. Zheltkov is endowed with a sense of beauty, namely music.
Our hero is in love with Vera Nikolaevna Sheina, a woman of “aristocratic” appearance. Zheltkov believes that she is extraordinary and sophisticated. At first, Zheltkov wrote letters of a vulgar and, at the same time, wise nature. But after some time, he began to reveal his feelings in a more restrained, delicate manner. Every moment he sees the princess is dear to him like nothing else.
Zheltkov - he is the chosen one. That selflessness and selflessness of his love is truly as strong as death. She does not expect a reward; one can give one’s life for it. All women dream of such “eternal, holy” love.
Vera Nikolaevna can be considered the chosen one, since true, selfless love passed through her life. Unfortunately, unlike women, in the modern world men have become completely impoverished both in spirit and in body; But Zheltkov is far from being such. And the date scene proves this. Since he feels and understands people well, he immediately stopped paying attention to threats from Nikolai Nikolaevich.
Then, when this difficult conversation took place, Zheltkov was returned his own gift - an amazing garnet bracelet, a family heirloom, the hero showed a strong will. He decides that the only way out is to die, as he does not want to cause any inconvenience to his beloved. This was a farewell to life for him. His last words of gratitude to the princess for the fact that she is his only joy, his only consolation, were a wish for happiness for his beloved.
All this proves that Zheltkov is endowed with Kuprin’s nobility. This is not the image of a “small” man, poor in spirit, who was overcome by love. Saying goodbye to life, he turns out to be loving and strong selflessly.
Thus, an official, an “inconspicuous” man with a rather funny surname Zheltkov, for the sake of his beloved’s happiness, gave his life to God. Of course, the fact that he was possessed is true, but by what? High feeling! It cannot be considered a “disease”. This love is great, the one that fills life with meaning and preserves a person from the degeneration of morals. This is the love that only a select few deserve.
Sections: Literature
Lesson type: lesson on learning new material.
Type of lesson: lesson-conversation.
The purpose of the lesson: to identify the originality of the solution to the love theme in the work of A.I. Kuprina.
Educational:
- deepen students’ understanding of the artistic originality of A. I. Kuprin’s prose;
- introduce students to the history of the creation of the story “The Garnet Bracelet”;
- based on direct impressions from reading the story, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the work, considering the problems of the story, its plot and compositional features, and the originality of artistic images.
Educational:
- improve students’ skills in analyzing a work of art, developing the ability to identify the main, significant moments in the development of an action, determine their role in revealing the theme and idea of the work, and draw independent conclusions; develop literary text research skills; comparative analysis, detailed answers to questions; enrichment of students' vocabulary;
- to form in students their own attitude to the events and characters of the story, thereby promoting the development of an active life position and the ability to defend their own point of view.
Educational:
- to cultivate the moral qualities of students using the example of the heroes of the story (inner beauty, nobility);
- form aesthetic perception using various types of art: literature, music, fine arts, cinema;
- cultivate an attentive attitude to the word.
Preparatory stage: students are divided into 4 groups.
Progress of the lesson
I. Organizational moment. Explanation of the goals and objectives of the lesson.
II. Introductory speech by the teacher.
“Kuprin has one cherished theme. He touches it chastely, reverently and nervously. Otherwise, you can’t touch it. This is the theme of love...”
“The great power of love!” – this is exactly what the topic of our lesson sounds like. The theme of love has always been, is and will be one of the most pressing topics for all humanity.
One of the most fragrant and yearning stories about love - and the saddest - is Kuprin's "Garnet Bracelet"
“Love has thousands of stories, and each of them has its own light, its own sadness, its own happiness and its own fragrance.”
(K.G. Paustovsky)
One of these “plots” will be the subject of our attention today.
We will focus on the analysis of A.I. Kuprin’s story “The Garnet Bracelet”.
III. Analysis of Kuprin’s story “Garnet Bracelet”.
Teacher:
V. Lvov-Rogachevsky: “Kuprin’s work reflected life in all its endless diversity, not so much life as a whole, but in fragments, in a whirlwind of accidents... He has the greed of a collector, only he collects not rare coins, but rare incidents of life.” Familiarity with the history of the creation of this work will allow us to verify the authenticity of V. Lvov-Rogachevsky’s words.
1.Student’s message “The history of the creation of A. I. Kuprin’s story”(student’s individual homework).
Teacher:
2. “Garnet Bracelet” has an unusual creative history. Work on the story began in the fall of 1910 in Odessa. At this time, Kuprin often visited the family of the Odessa doctor L. Ya. Meisels and listened to Beethoven’s Second Sonata performed by his wife. The musical work captivated Alexander Ivanovich so much that work on the story began with him writing down the epigraph. “L. van Beethoven. 2 Son. (op. 2, no. 2). Largo Appassionato.” Beethoven's Sonata "Appassionata", one of the most intense, languid, passionate creations of human genius in music, awakened Kuprin to literary creativity. The sounds of the sonata were combined in his imagination with the story of the bright love that he witnessed.
(Listen to the fragment “Appassionata”)
3. Analytical conversation of a comparative nature.
How did Kuprin artistically transform the real story he heard? (Kuprin embodied in his creation the ideal of beautiful, omnipotent, but not mutual love, showed that a “little man” is capable of a great, all-encompassing feeling. Kuprin ended the story with the death of the hero, which made Vera Nikolaevna think about love, about feeling, made her worry , sympathize, which she has not done before.)
Why do you think Kuprin artistically transformed the real story?
Do you think the writer achieved his intention?
4. Quiz on the work.
Before we directly move on to discussing the story, revealing the main themes, and discussing the characters’ characters, we will conduct a special quiz. Her questions will help you remember the details of the work, and your answers will show how carefully you read the story “The Garnet Bracelet” and how well you remember its contents:
1. What time of year does the story take place? (Autumn, September.)
2. Where do the events of the story take place? (Black Sea city.)
3. What is the name of the main character? (Princess Vera Sheina.)
4. Princess Sheina’s surname before marriage? (Mirza-Bulat-Tuganovskaya.)
5. Who was Vera Sheina’s ancestor? (Tamerlane.)
6. What is the name of Vera’s sister? (Anna Friesse.)
7. What is the name of Princess Vera’s husband? (Prince Vasily Lvovich.)
8. His position? (Leader of the nobility.)
9. What date was the name day of Princess Vera Sheina? (September 17.)
10. What did her husband give her? (Earrings made of pear-shaped pearls.)
11. What did your sister give Vera? (A notebook in an “amazing binding.”)
12. What was the name of the famous pianist, Vera’s friend? (Zhenya Reuter.)
13. Who gave the bracelet with garnets? (Zheltkov.)
14. What does faith compare deep red pomegranates to? (Exactly blood.)
15. Who is Zheltkov? (A telegraph operator in love with faith.)
16. What does his owner call Zheltkov? (“Pan Ezhiy.”)
17. Zheltkov’s real name? (George.)
18. About whom Kuprin wrote: “...took after her mother, a beautiful Englishwoman, with her tall flexible figure, gentle but cold and proud face, beautiful, although rather large hands, and that charming sloping shoulders that can be seen in ancient miniatures...” (about Princess Vera).
19. What was the name of the husband of Anna, Vera’s sister? (Gustav Ivanovich.)
20. Whose portrait is this? “She was half a head shorter, somewhat broad in the shoulders, lively and frivolous, a mocker. Her face was of a very Mongolian type with quite noticeable cheekbones, with narrow eyes... captivating with some elusive and incomprehensible charm...” (Anna)
21. About whom Kuprin writes: “... very pale, with a gentle girlish face, with blue eyes and a stubborn childish chin with a dimple in the middle; he must have been about thirty, thirty-five years old”? (about Zheltkov.)
22. What kind of music is heard in the work? (Beethoven's Second Sonata.)
23. Whose portrait is this? “A fat, tall, silvery old man climbed heavily from the footrest... He had a large, rough, red face with a fleshy nose and with that good-natured, stately, slightly contemptuous expression in his narrowed eyes... which is characteristic of courageous and simple people...” ( General Anosov).
24. About whom does the author write: “..she hugged the acacia trunk, pressed herself against it and cried...”? (about Vera Sheina.)
25. Who owns the following words: “Where is love?” Is love unselfish, selfless, not waiting for reward? The one about whom it is said “strong as death”?
5. Work in groups.
What is a group? This is a song, a song that is only sung in the choir.
Where eyes and hands are always together, the truth is born in a creative dispute!
Exercise 1.
Let's talk about what you understand love to be and what it can be.
First group: What positive feelings can LOVE cause?
(Love is a sublime feeling, beautiful, extraordinary, love is capable of conquering everything, capable of raising a person to the pinnacle of bliss, making a person work on himself. It is impossible to live without love)
Second group: What negative feelings can LOVE cause?
(love is a feeling that brings pain, disappointment, self-doubt, love can destroy a person, force him to commit madness, love throws a person into the abyss of grief. It is better to live without love.)
Third group: Choose epithets for the word LOVE .
(Love is kind, soft, mutual, creative, joyful, happy, tragic, fatal, painful, unrequited, destructive.)
Fourth group: Working with dictionaries
Let's turn to explanatory dictionaries of the Russian language and see what definition linguists give to “LOVE”.
Love is:
Love is an intimate and deep feeling, a desire for another person, a human community or an idea. (Large encyclopedic dictionary.)
Love is 1) deep emotional attraction, a strong heartfelt feeling; 2) a feeling of deep affection, selfless and sincere affection; 3) a constant, strong inclination, passion for something; 4) the object of love (he or she whom someone loves, to whom he feels attraction, affection); 5) addiction, taste for something. (Explanatory dictionary of S.I. Ozhegov.)
Love – 1) a feeling of affection based on common interests, ideals, and the willingness to devote one’s strength to a common cause. 2) An inclination, disposition, or attraction to something. (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language, edited by D.N. Ushakov.)
Teacher:
We see that in each definition the words sound: deep feeling; strong heart feeling; feeling of affection; inclination, disposition.
Kuprin himself spoke about love like this: “a feeling that has not yet found an interpretation.”
But not a single definition has an exact indication of whether love is happiness or misfortune.
How can this be determined? Let us turn to the story by A.I. Kuprin “Garnet Bracelet” and try to find out
Task 2.
First group: How does the princess appear to the readers in the first chapters of the story? (Coldness, indifference, royal calm, a sense of superiority.)
Second group: Is she capable of ardent, passionate love? (In her youth and early youth, the princess was capable of a strong, all-consuming feeling, but now she has changed, and “the former passionate love for her husband has long turned into a feeling of lasting, faithful, true friendship.”)
Third group: What role does Beethoven’s music play in the work? (The music is in amazing harmony with the experiences of Vera, in whose soul the words ring: “Hallowed be Thy name.” In these gentle sounds there is life, which “humblely and joyfully doomed itself to torment, suffering and death.” Zheltkov’s last memories are covered with sweet sadness, moments of happiness become eternity for him) Beethoven’s Sonata No. 2 is “an exceptional, unique work of depth.”)
Fourth group : “Love” and “infatuation”: how do these concepts differ?
Task 3.
The person who fell in love with Vera Nikolaevna so much was a simple man, an official of the control chamber, G.S. Zheltkov.
First group: How do we find out about Zheltkov’s love? Who's talking about her? (We learn about Zheltkov’s love for the first time from the stories of Prince Shein. For the prince, truth is intertwined with fiction. For him, this is a funny story. The image of Zheltkov in the prince’s stories undergoes changes: a telegraph operator - dresses up as a chimney sweep - becomes a dishwasher - turns into a monk - dies tragically, leaving a will after death.)
Second group: How was Zheltkov’s gift different from all the others? Why did Vera Nikolaevna feel anxious? (The garnet bracelet is a symbol of love, reverent, endless and hopeless, and tragedy in the fate of the hero.)
Third group: Love without reciprocity: happiness or tragedy? (Zheltkov admits that he “cut an uncomfortable wedge” into Vera’s life and is eternally grateful to her just for the fact that she exists. His love is not a disease, not a manic idea, but a reward sent by God. His tragedy is hopeless, he is a dead man.)
Fourth group: How does Zheltkov appear in his suicide letter?
Task 4.
First group: When does the conversation about true love come up for the first time? (In a conversation with Anosov. He believes that in his time people forgot how to love.)
Second group: To love and be loved? What's better?
Third group: What is the story of General Anosov? Why is it given in such detail?
Anosov knows what love is at first sight. But his wife left him. “People in our time have forgotten how to love,” says the general. “I don’t see real love. And I didn’t see it in my time.” Anosov talks about why people get married. Women have “the desire to be a housewife, the head of the house, independent... In addition, the need for motherhood, and to start building your own nest.” Men have other motives - “tiredness from a single life, from disorder in the rooms... from debts, from unceremonious comrades... You feel that living as a family is more profitable, healthier and more economical... you think: when the kids come, - I I’ll die, but a part of me will still remain in the world... there are sometimes thoughts about a dowry.” As we see, the motives for marriage of people who lived at the beginning of the 20th century differ little from the aspirations of our contemporaries... Through the mouth of his hero, Kuprin exclaims: “Where is love? Selfless, selfless love, not waiting for reward? about which it is said - “strong as death. Every woman dreams of love “one, all-forgiving, ready for anything, modest and selfless”. This is the ideal of love according to Kuprin. But achieving the ideal is difficult, almost impossible. If there is no love, women take revenge. They take revenge on themselves and others.
Fourth group: Does ideal love exist?
Old General Anosov, who is sure that high love exists, but it “... must be a tragedy, the greatest secret in the world,” without compromise.
Kuprin: true love is the basis of everything earthly. It should not be isolated, undivided, it should be based on high sincere feelings, strive for the ideal. Love is stronger than death, it elevates a person.
What is the fate of the garnet bracelet? (The unhappy lover asked to hang a bracelet - a symbol of holy love - on the icon.)
6. Work with the statements of the characters in the story.
The heroes of the story express their opinions about love. Here are the statements of the heroes of the story. Whose point of view is closer to you and why?
Anosov: “Love must be a tragedy. The greatest secret in the world! No life conveniences, calculations or compromises should concern her.”
Vera Nikolaevna: “And what is this: love or madness?”
Zheltkov: “... this is not a disease, not a manic idea - this is love with which God was pleased to reward me for something... “Hallowed be your name...”
Shein: “... is it possible to control such a feeling as love - a feeling that has not yet found an interpretation”
IV. Summing up the lesson.
The small package was kept in a case.
For Princess Vera Nikolaevna,
There was a garnet bracelet in it,
A stone birthday gift...Framed in gold frames,
Let them be cheap, of low standard,
A green pebble, like a count,
I was amazed by the special glow...He hid a living fire within himself -
Amulet from death and deception,
He called the owner: “Just touch me with your finger,
The future will emerge from the fog..."Beethoven's tune will sound
The third part of "Appasionata",
And the words: “I love you as long as you live!” -
They will repeat grenades for a long time...
Zheltkov G.S. (apparently, Georgy is “Pan Ezhiy”)- appears in the story only towards the end: “very pale, with a gentle girlish face, blue eyes and a stubborn childish chin with a dimple in the middle; He must have been about thirty, thirty-five years old.” Along with Princess Vera, he can be called the main character of the story. The beginning of the conflict is when Princess Vera received on September 17, her name day, a letter signed with the initials “G. S. Zh.”, and a garnet bracelet in a red case.
It was a gift from a then stranger to Vera Zh., who fell in love with her seven years ago, wrote letters, then, at her request, stopped bothering her, but now confessed his love again. In the letter, Zh. explained that the old silver bracelet once belonged to his grandmother, then all the stones were transferred to a new, gold bracelet. J. repents that he previously “dared to write stupid and impudent letters” and adds: “Now only reverence, eternal admiration and slavish devotion remain in me.” One of the guests at the name day, for the sake of entertainment, presents the love story of the telegraph operator, P.P.Zh. (distorted G.S.Zh.), to Vera in a comic form, stylized as a pulp novel. Another guest, a person close to the family, old General Anosov, suggests: “Maybe he’s just an abnormal fellow, a maniac.”<...>Maybe your path in life, Verochka, has been crossed by exactly the kind of love that women dream about and that men are no longer capable of.”
Under the influence of his brother-in-law, Vera’s husband, Prince Vasily Lvovich Shein, decides to return the bracelet and stop the correspondence. J. amazed Shein at the meeting with his sincerity. Zh., having asked Shein for permission, speaks on the phone with Vera, but she also asks to stop “this story.” Shein felt that he was present “at some enormous tragedy of the soul.” When he reports this to Vera, she predicts that J. will kill himself. Later, from a newspaper, she accidentally learned about the suicide of Zh., who referred in his suicide note to the embezzlement of government money. In the evening of the same day, she receives a farewell letter from J. He calls his love for Vera “an enormous happiness” sent to him by God. He admits that he “is not interested in anything in life: neither politics, nor science, nor philosophy, nor concern for the future happiness of people.” All life lies in love for Vera: “Even though I was ridiculous in your eyes and in the eyes of your brother<...>As I leave, I say in delight: Hallowed be Thy name.” Prince Shein admits: J. was not crazy and loved Vera very much and therefore was doomed to death. He allows Vera to say goodbye to J. Looking at the deceased, she “realized that the love that every woman dreams of has passed her by.” In the face of the dead ^K. she noticed “deep importance”, “deep and sweet mystery”, “peaceful expression”, which “she saw on the masks of the great sufferers - Pushkin and Napoleon.”
At home, Vera found a familiar pianist, Jenny Reiter, who played her exactly that passage from Beethoven’s second sonata that seemed to J. the most perfect - “Largo Appassionato”. And this music became an afterlife declaration of love addressed to Vera. Vera’s thoughts that “great love passed by” coincided with the music, each “verse” of which ended with the words: “Hallowed be Thy name.” At the very end of the story, Vera utters words that only she understands: “...he has forgiven me now. Everything is fine".
All the characters in the story, not excluding J., had real prototypes. Criticism pointed out, however, the connection between “The Garnet Bracelet” and the prose of the Norwegian writer Knut Hamsun.
