Texts for complex analysis with a block of tasks (9th grade) material for preparing for the Unified State Exam (GIA) in the Russian language (9th grade) on the topic. Teaching materials on the Russian language Dictation on the Russian language through the bird cherry thicket

9th grade
Russian language
Test materials
Compiled by S.V. Karpachev.

Control dictation No. 1 on the topic “Repetition of what has been studied in grades 5-8”
We make our way to the shore through the bird cherry thicket. It's the end of June, and she's just dressed for spring. Late, the wild rosemary burns with a lilac color, and the birch tree, not believing the summer, stands bare.
The taiga, seeing the vastness of Lake Baikal, rolls towards it along the hills in tiers of greenery and freezes at the very water. Having felt the water with their roots, the larches, birches and pines decided not to swim and stopped, but the taiga pressed in from behind and could not stop. That is why giant fallen trees lie on the shore, blocking the road to the lake.
It's amazing to see April and June here at once. Behind you are the smells of summer, and on Lake Baikal it’s exactly like the Volga in flood. The same vast expanse of water, the same ice floes in herds.
Baikal opens late, and until the end of May ice rafts float across the water. In June they land on the shore and here, near a boulder, they slowly settle, frightening the animals at the watering hole with an unexpected rustle.
The water of Lake Baikal, clear as a tear, does not tolerate garbage, and in stormy weather it throws fragments of boats and driftwood onto the shore. Not a speck in the water!
The distant blue hills merge with the sunset stripes, and they are slowly obscured by the evening haze.
(According to V. Peskov)
RR Test presentation No. 2 “My friend” Exercises 84,85
Presentation.
My friend. (Ex.84)
We met while fishing, liked each other and started meeting about once a week.
He was a man of rare spiritual subtlety. His colleagues said that he was a first-class biologist, the pride of the institute.
His friends considered him an unusually trusting person. I also saw this and could not fully understand it. What is this? The lion's courage of spirit, which is not afraid of the blows of life and does not set up any guard posts? The charm of a generous, kind nature, never striving to jump forward and get more out of life and therefore not making enemies for itself? I think it's both.
The option of lies and evil simply never occurred to him. Of course, there were people who deceived him or let him down for low, selfish purposes. He later felt a chronic disgust for such people. He did not take revenge on them, but there was no forgiveness for them forever and ever. It was some kind of musical rancor.
One day in the company we were talking about a well-known man in the city who almost forcibly pushed his mother into a nursing home.
“Why are you surprised?” said my friend. I went to school with him. This scoundrel threw a cat from the third floor in the seventh grade.”
When he came to my house, he usually told funny stories about himself, his eccentric colleagues, about debtors - and he borrowed money left and right. He especially talked a lot about his trade union boss.
One day my friend was sitting on a crowded bus, and the driver had already closed the door when he noticed a union boss in the crowd besieging the bus. He, shaking his high-raised briefcase, let the driver know that the importance of the contents required the immediate delivery of the briefcase together with its owner.
The driver held on for a while, and then his heart trembled, and he opened the door, where people poured in.
As soon as the union boss found himself on the bus, he immediately began to scold the driver for letting people into a crowded vehicle. “A classic example of the fragmentation of consciousness,” he concluded his story laughing.
But most of all I loved our conversations with him after fishing. We talked with him about the Mediterranean, about the golden dream of Novgorod, about the influence of mutagenic substances on hereditary processes, about the art of the 20th century, about the works of Plato, about the intuition of Stolypin.
How I loved him during those hours! “No,” I thought, “a country in which there are such people cannot perish!”

PP Test essay No. 3 in the essay genre (exercise 258)
Write an essay in the essay genre on the topic “About time and about yourself.”
RR Test presentation No. 4 based on the text by Yu. Nagibin “Chistye Prudy”
Chistye Prudy... For others it is just a street, a boulevard, a pond, but for me it is the center of the most beautiful things that filled my childhood. There was a time, I knew every tree, every nettle bush, every light sign “Beware of the tram!” flashing red at the crossing. In the word “Beware” the last three letters did not light up, it turned out beautifully and mysteriously: “Beside the tram”...
Chistye Prudy is a miracle of the first skating, when the “snow maidens” suddenly become obedient, cut the snow straight and orderly with a wide blade, and it’s as if you have gained wings.
Chistye Prudy is a whole world of wonderful surprises. Sweet, modest miracles of my childhood! Chistye Prudy was a school of nature for us. How exciting was the yellowness of the first dandelion! Their fluffy, fragile balls taught us tenderness and care. We fished here. And it was a miracle to catch a fish in the city center. And sailing on an old, dry boat, and bold throws into the cold May water, and the warmth of the spring earth under bare feet - this was an untold wealth for city boys.
Our Chistoprudnaya autumn was no less generous. The boulevard was drowned in fallen leaves, yellow, red leaves of birches, aspens, maples, lindens. We gathered huge armfuls of fallen leaves, and carried home beautiful, sad bouquets, and ourselves were saturated with their bitter smell.
The frame of Chistye Prudy also imprinted on me the most powerful image of my youth. This was during a time of fierce fighting in Spain. The beautiful, frantic face of Dolores Ibarruri looked out from portraits everywhere, many young men wore caps with red piping and tassels, and it seemed to us as if the very air was saturated with Spain, its sounds and aromas, its struggle, its angry intransigence. Spain was in our heart.
Chistye Prudy is the source of our youth, the beginning of beginnings.
Control dictation No. 5 (test) on the topic “Complex sentence”
Founder of the Tretyakov Gallery.
The world-famous gallery, which displays works of art created by outstanding Russian artists, is named after Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov,
A rich, well-educated merchant, he decided to use his wealth for the benefit of the people. “In all European countries there are rich museums where the works of the best artists of these countries are collected,” he said. “It’s time for us to have the same.”

At first, permission from Tretyakov himself was required to view the gallery. Later, when he donated it to the city of Moscow, entry was open to everyone. (141 words).
Exercise.
1. Parse the sentence.
1st option. 3rd paragraph, last sentence.
2nd option. 4th paragraph, last sentence.

Test dictation No. 6 on the topic “Union-free complex sentence”
Summer day.
These foggy summer days are good, although hunters don’t like them. On such days you cannot shoot: the bird, having fluttered out from under your feet, immediately disappears into the whitish darkness of the motionless fog. But how quiet, how inexpressibly quiet everything is all around! Everything is awake and everything is silent. You pass by a tree - it doesn’t move: it basks. Through the thin steam, evenly spread in the air, a long strip blackens in front of you. You take it for a nearby forest; you approach - the forest turns into a high bed of wormwood at the boundary. Above you, all around you, there is fog everywhere... But then the wind moves slightly, and a piece of pale blue sky vaguely emerges through the thinning, like smoky steam, a golden-yellow ray suddenly bursts in, flows in a long stream, hits the fields, hits the grove - and again everything became clouded. This struggle continues for a long time; but how unspeakably magnificent and clear the day becomes when the light triumphs and the last waves of warmed fog either roll down and spread out like tablecloths, or twist and disappear into the blue, gently shining heights. (153 words).
Tasks.
1. Perform a syntactic analysis of a non-union complex sentence, indicate the semantic relationships between simple sentences; make a diagram: 2nd sentence (1 option); sentences You pass by a tree... (2nd option).
2. Sort out the words according to their composition:
1st option: (in) high, thinning, spread out;
2nd option: a piece of smoke will triumph.
3. Find words with spelling:
1st option: “Not with adjectives, adverbs, verbs”, explain the spelling not in each specific case;
2nd option: “Letters from the end of the prefixes”, explain the choice of letters.
4. Carry out a morphological analysis of verbs:
1st option: turns black;
2nd option: come over.
Final control dictation.

Tasks B1, B2, B4, B7 - B9, B11, B12, B14 with answers.

Write down the text from dictation, numbering all sentences.

Morning in the taiga.
1) Taiga was breathing, waking up, growing.
2) My heart fluttered and froze with joy: on every leaf, on every needle, grass, in the crowns of inflorescences and on living tree trunks - drops of dew flickered everywhere, glowing and playing.
3) And each one dropped a tiny sparkle of light, but, merging together, these sparkles filled everything around with the radiance of triumphant life.
4) Not a single ray of the sun had yet pierced the sheepskin of the taiga with a sharp needle, but a rut spread across the sky in its entire width, and the whitish depth of the heavens melted and melted, revealing a faded, transparent, icy blue, in which the timid, strength was still visible to the eye. not gaining warmth.
5) The forests, bushes, grasses, and leaves were replenished with a living spirit.
6) Iron-fronted beetles and ladybugs clicked again on tree trunks and stones; the chipmunk washed his paws on a snag and carefreely ran off somewhere; Our fire, barely smoldering, rose up, clicked once or twice, scattering coals, and began to burn on its own.
7) The sun rose in all its glory above the forest, breaking through it from end to end with bunches of brittle spokes that crumbled in the fast-flowing waters of the river.

Complete tasks for the text.
Tasks B1, B2, B4, B7 - B9, B11, B12, B14

Assignment for option 1:

1. From sentences 1 - 2, write down words with an alternating vowel in the root.
2. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 4.
3. Write out the grammatical basis from sentence 7.
4. Replace the phrase ray of the sun (from sentence 4), built on the basis of the subordinating connection management, with a synonymous phrase with the connection agreement.
5. Replace the word escaped (sentence 6) with a stylistically neutral synonym.
6. Among sentences 5 - 7, indicate the numbers of those in which there is a separate circumstance.
7. Among sentences 2 - 5, indicate a complex sentence, one part of which is joined to the other by a subordinate connection.
8. From sentences 6 - 7, write down a word in which the spelling of the vowel in the suffix is determined by the rule: “In suffixes of nouns after sibilants, o is written under stress, without stress - e.”
9. In sentence 3, number all the commas. Indicate the numbers of those that highlight a separate circumstance.

Assignment for option 2:

1. From sentences 2 - 3, write down words with an unpronounceable consonant.
2. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 6.
3. Write down the grammatical basis of the last simple sentence as part of complex sentence number 4.
4. Replace the phrase sheepskin taiga (from sentence 4), built on the basis of the subordinating connection management, with a synonymous phrase with the connection coordination.
5. Replace the word fluttered (sentence 2) with a stylistically neutral synonym.
6. Among sentences 5 - 7, indicate the numbers of those that have a separate definition.
7. Among sentences 2 - 5, indicate a complex sentence, one part of which is joined to the other by a non-union connection.
8. From sentence 4, write down a word whose spelling is determined by the rule: “Not with a participle is written separately if it contains dependent words, opposition with the conjunction a, or words that strengthen the negation.”
9. In sentence 7, number all the commas. Indicate the numbers of those that highlight a separate circumstance.
10. In the entire text, find a complex sentence with different types of connections. Please provide this offer number.
Answers.
1 option
1. Grew, froze
2. 4
3. The sun has risen
4. Sunbeam
5. Ran away
6. 6,7
7. 4
8. Little rivers
9. 2,3
10. 4
Option 2
1. Heart, glitter
2. 3
3. Warmth was visible
4. Taiga sheepskin
5. It started knocking
6. 6,7
7. 2
8. Not dialed yet
9. 1,2
10. 4

QUESTIONS FOR TESTS ON TOPICS:
1. “Conjunctive complex sentences”:
1. What groups are complex sentences divided into?
2. What sentences are called compound sentences?
3. How are complex sentences divided by conjunctions and meaning? Give examples.
4. What sentences are called complex sentences?
5. What groups of complex sentences do you know? Tell us about their meaning and structure (what exactly the subordinate clause refers to, what it is attached to, what place it occupies in relation to the main one). Give examples.
6. Name the main types of complex sentences with several subordinate clauses. Give examples.
7.What are the basic rules for placing punctuation marks in compound and complex sentences?
8. What punctuation marks can be considered copyright? For what purpose are they used?
2. “Union-free complex sentences”:
1. What complex sentences are called non-union sentences?
2. In what cases is a comma placed between parts of a non-union complex sentence? Give examples.
3. In what cases is a semicolon placed between parts of a non-union complex sentence? Give examples.
4. When is a colon placed between parts of a non-union complex sentence? Give examples.
5. When is a dash placed between parts of a non-union complex sentence? Give examples.
6. Name the syntactic synonyms of non-union complex sentences. Give examples.
3. “Complex sentences with different types of connections”:
1. Talk about punctuation marks in complex sentences with different types of connections. Give examples.
2. What is meant by copyright punctuation?
3. For what purpose do writers use them? Give examples of sentences with the author's punctuation marks.
4. “General information about the language”
1. Tell us about the place of the Russian language in the modern world.
2. Why is Russian considered one of the world languages?
3. Tell us about the styles of literary language, the scope of their use and linguistic features.
YOU NEED TO KNOW THE SPELLING, PRONUNCIATION, AND LEXICAL MEANING OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS:
A Communiqué Pseudonym
Autobiography Compression P
Agent Compromise Radiofication
Accompaniment Notes Regularly
Accompany Notes Director
Active Coffee Reserves
Amphitheater L Result
Analytical Laboratory Resources
Arrest Labyrinth Abstract
Asphalt Linguistics Referendum
B Flap Review
Ballet M Born, born, born
Pamper, pamper, pamper Worldview C
Spoiled, spoiled Worldview Sensation
Concrete Mosaic Silhouette
Future N Synthetics
B Intention to Systematize
Verba Hire, hired, hired, hired Systematically
Gate Obituary Social
East Slavic Nepochaty (region) Scholastica
G Something T
Gasification Nothing Abstracts
Giant, giant Novella Terrorism
Living Room About Tragedy
Engraving Lighten Tradition
Humane Convict Warm
D Accusatory Shoe, shoe
Active Encourage Organize
Hyphen Sharpen F
Aperture Borrow Farce
Dispensary Opeka Porcelain
Extraction Opera Feuilleton
Contract Operator Phenomenon and Phenomenon
Report Opposition Fiasco
Document Optimist Philosophy
Touch Greenhouse X Petition
Nap Landmark C Cement
And Orient H Human
Ideological Condemn, condemned, condemned, condemned Honor
Ideology P Sh Template
Since ancient times Palisadnik E
Illustration Parliament Ecological, ecology
Indicator Parliamentary Expert
Indo-European Peripeteia Expressiveness
Pessimist Expression Tool
Initiative Sustainable Electrification
Intelligence Understand, understood, understood, understood, understood Epidemic
Intelligent Popular Etymological
Intensive Presentation Etymology
K President Effect
Cannonade Forecast I
Rubber Forecasting Language fact, phenomenon
Cafe Progress Tongue organ, sausage
Cough Progressive
Quarter Enlightener
Cliché Glorify
Whooping Cough Prototype
Color Potential
Colossus, colossal Funeral, at the funeral, funeral
Comedy Project
Commentary, commentator Projection
VOCABULARY DICTANTS
1. Announce the arrival, adores poetry, get ahead of events, the writer’s worldview, progressive processes, experience bliss, proclaim a declaration, admire painting, irritate bickering, the strictest prohibition, participate in debates, instill ideology, colossal achievements, expose vices, bless children, spare mother, do me a favor, unfasten the collar, worker, contemporary, repeat exactly.
2. Option 1 Option 2
portray Chatsky
embodies the wordless
contrasts vacancies
foreign clients sycophant
dumb living room
gallomania bribery
living room gallery
Decembrist Gallomania
life ideals worldview
art calendar
sycophantic institution
serf sergeant major
office careerism
sister-in-law dignitary
projects are crazy
Chatsky legends of antiquity
crazy character
socio-political carbonari
secretary remain silent
gallery conflict
carbonarius sister-in-law
character ancient legend
fraudster ideal
spokesman office
education art
anemone projects
sergeant major portray
remain silent socio-political
implement vacancies
3. Forecast the situation, the director’s experiment, a luxurious front garden, ancient traditions, analyze systematically, sit in an amphitheater, acted out comedy, enjoy overcoming obstacles, the same age as the poet, an effective method, a pessimistic view of the future, ideological struggle, a famous television commentator, attend a conference , take an active position in the discussion of environmental problems, progressive views, the writer’s worldview, humane attitude.
4.
Option 1 Option 2
future abstract
ecological tradition
honor the hero mosaic
greenhouse future
active effect
reserves notes
ballet living room
optimism intense
pessimism ecology
ideological commentary
accompany progressive
the summary is colossal
declare resources
humane opera
worldview gasification
electrification pessimist
tradition efficient
intensive humane
progress worldview
worldview popular
colossal to honor a hero
commentator ideology
living room accompaniment
active optimist
abstract greenhouse
5.
Option 1 Option 2
Silver frost, the distance is foggy
creeping fog fighting prejudices
unpublished novel that missed the train
sandy shore that hated lies
I couldn’t ask anyone about the greenhouse under construction
the art gallery is unwell again
surrounded by mountains no matter what
small but sweet apple inexpensive but beautiful chintz
a story not yet written, seeds sown
shot cartridges are not at all a wide highway
the hike took place despite the bad weather, not knowing the road
not an interesting film at all, hung product
regretting lost time is a humane act
true art without thinking about what happened
transformed city melting icicles
lecture listened making plans for the future
pasting the pages of the brochure, not afraid of danger
flying flags naked trees
struck by beauty correctly oriented

DICTATIONS
1.
We make our way through the bird cherry thicket to the shore. It's the end of June, and she's just dressed for spring. The wild rosemary burns with a belated lilac color, and the birch tree, not believing the summer, stands naked.
The taiga, seeing the vastness of Lake Baikal, rolls towards it along the hills in tiers of greenery and freezes at the very water. Having felt the water with their roots, the larches, birches and pines decided not to swim, stopped, but the taiga pressed in from behind and could not stop. That is why giant fallen trees lie on the shore, blocking the road to the lake.
It's amazing to see April and June here at once. The smells of summer are behind me. And on Baikal it’s exactly like the Volga in flood. The same vast expanse of water, the same ice floes in herds.
Baikal opens late, and until the end of May icy herds rush through the water. In June they land on the shore and here, near a boulder, they slowly settle, frightening the animals at the watering hole with an unexpected rustle.
The water of Lake Baikal, clear as a tear, does not tolerate garbage, and in stormy weather it throws wreckage of boats and snags onto the shore. Not a speck on the water!
The distant blue hills merge with the sunset stripes, and they are slowly obscured by the evening haze. (165 words)
(According to V. Peskov.)

2. “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” fit into just a few pages of an ancient manuscript, but for two centuries the people of Rus', tormented by princely strife and attacks by nomads, remembered it and quoted wise patriotic lines by heart.
By the time of Igor’s campaign, who secretly led his squads to the Don and inadvertently lost his army and the honor of a commander, Rus' had broken up into several independent principalities. The feuds of the princes turned into bloody wars, and the nomadic tribes of the Polovtsians constantly raided Russian lands. They cut the ancient route “from the Varangians to the Greeks” and disrupted the economic ties of Rus' with the southern and eastern lands. Their raids were accompanied by the destruction of cities and the capture of residents, but the princes, who had lost their sense of patriotism, were unable, due to continuous rivalry, to deliver a decisive blow to the Polovtsians.
Chroniclers, as a rule, only recorded events, and only a few of them decided to evaluate individual actions of the princes. But none of the ancient Russian scribes rose, like the author of the Lay, to the heights of wise historical generalizations. The poem, however, was gradually forgotten, and only at the end of the 18th century, after the discovery of the only surviving copy, did it resound with renewed vigor.
(166 words.)
(According to B. Rybakov.)

3. ANDREY RUBLEV
For long hours, Andrei is left alone with his teacher Daniil Cherny, who reveals the secrets of painting to the young artist.
Daniel, apparently, was a painter of the first magnitude. However, his greatest merit is that he not only saw Rublev’s talent, but also nurtured in him independent creative thought and manner, and did not suppress him with his authority, understanding that everyone must follow their own path. To do this means to show a truly great mind, amazing respect for the individual, and an inexhaustible love for life. After all, it is not easy for a master to come to terms with the fact that his own student starts arguing with you, and not only not to make an attempt to cut him off, but to encourage him in every possible way to continue this dispute.
Rublev was lucky that such a sincere and experienced senior comrade was next to him from the very first steps. Andrei appreciated this and carefully carried his gratitude and respect for his teacher throughout his life.
From that distant time, a miniature has been preserved in which Rublev is depicted with his head held high. The unknown author saw in Rublev not pride, which in Rus' was considered the greatest sin, but dignity worthy of respect. (167 words.)
(According to V. Pribytkov.)

4. Every year, one of the most famous flower gardens in the world, which is located in Denmark, hosts an exhibition of tulips. The homeland of tulips is Türkiye, and not Holland, as many people think.
The tulip, whose cup resembles a turban, originally grew as a wild flower, then for centuries was used in Turkish art as a decorative element. In the capital of the Ottoman Empire, huge gardens planted with tulips were created.
The first bulbs of the precious flower were brought to Europe by travelers and diplomats. When a tulip arrived on the continent, people fell passionately in love with it and became a cult. It reached its peak of fame in the seventeenth century, when one flower bulb was equal to the cost of a painting or sculpture by a famous master. The tulip was considered one of the wonders of nature, which should be represented in the garden of every self-respecting collector.
The Dutch began to grow it with such diligence that, in a sense, they appropriated this flower for themselves. The search for the rarest tones and shades, including the mythical black (blue and black tulips do not exist in nature), incredible experiments to obtain hybrid varieties - this is only part of the legendary story, the hero of which is this delicate flower. (163 words)
(Based on materials from the magazine)

5. Kusaka rushed for a long time in the footsteps of the people who had left, ran to the station and - wet and dirty - returned back. Here she did something that no one, however, saw: she went up onto the terrace and, rising on her hind legs and looking into the glass door, scratched with her claws. The rooms were empty, and no one answered Kusaka.
It began to rain frequently, and the darkness of the autumn night began to approach from everywhere. Quickly and silently he filled the empty dacha; he silently crawled out of the bushes and poured down with the rain from the inhospitable sky. On the terrace, from which the canvas had been removed, making it seem strangely empty, the light sadly illuminated the traces of dirty feet for a long time, but soon he too gave in.
And, when there was no longer any doubt that night had fallen, the dog howled pitifully. A ringing note, sharp as despair, burst into the monotonous sound of rain, cutting through the darkness, and, fading, rushed over the naked fields.
And to those who heard him, it seemed that the hopeless dark night itself was groaning and striving for light, and they wanted to go into warmth, to a bright fire, to a loving heart. (160 words.)
(According to L. Andreev.)

6. To the right of the path lay a hummocky plain, dark green from constant dampness, and at its edge there were gray houses, like toy houses, abandoned; on a high green mountain, at the bottom of which a silver strip shone, there stood a church, white, also like a toy. When the train, with a ringing metallic screech that suddenly intensified, flew madly onto the bridge and seemed to hang in the air above the mirror-like surface of the river, Petka even shuddered in fear and surprise and recoiled from the window, but immediately returned to it: he was afraid to lose even the slightest detail of the route. Petkina’s eyes have long ceased to look sleepy, and the wrinkles have disappeared, as if someone had passed a hot iron over this face, smoothing them out, and making her face shiny and white.
During the first two days of Petka's stay at the dacha, the wealth and power of new impressions pouring on him from above and below crushed his small and timid soul. He often returned to his mother, cuddled up to her, and when the master asked him. Is it good for him at the dacha, smiling, he answered: “Good!” And then he again went to the forest and quiet water and seemed to be asking something from them. (170 words.)
(According to L. Andreev.)

7. FOUNDER OF THE TRETYAKOV GALLERY
The world-famous gallery, which displays works of art created by outstanding Russian artists, is named after Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov.
A rich, well-educated merchant, he decided to use his wealth for the benefit of the people. “In all European countries there are rich museums where the works of the best artists of these countries are collected,” he said. “It’s time for us to have one too.”
The first two paintings, which were purchased in 1856, marked the beginning of this remarkable collection. Tretyakov carefully selected his collection. When he appeared at the opening of an exhibition, concentrated, silent, it seemed that he was only listening to what others were saying, but the artists were amazed at his apt remarks and correct assessments of the paintings. If Tretyakov liked the painting, he immediately acquired it and never gave it up to anyone.
At first, permission from Tretyakov himself was required to view the gallery. Later, when he donated it to the city of Moscow, entry was open to everyone. (141 words.)
(According to V. Porudominsky.)

8. November is the month of struggle between autumn and winter, during which cold and snow alternate with periods of warmth and bad weather. Although it is believed that winter comes into its own at the beginning of November, the return of warmth occurs in the third ten days of the month.
According to the November signs, one can partly predict what the coming winter and the future harvest will be like, since these signs are apparently connected with each other and obey laws, the key to which may be given by the study and comparison of folk signs with scientific observations.
From observations for December it follows that a cold and snowy December, with frequent frosts and winds, is considered normal, and therefore favorable.
Since the winter solstice (from the twenty-second of December), an increase in daylight hours has been observed, although at first it can be very unnoticeable. In the following days, throughout December and even throughout the winter, frost is especially observed, which is considered a harbinger of the harvest. If the days and nights are clear and the sky is starry, and the weather is cold, you can expect a prosperous year for people. (154 words.)

9. PASS
Contrary to my companion's prediction, the weather cleared and promised us a calm morning; round dances of stars intertwined in wonderful patterns in the distant sky and faded one after another as the pale glow of the east spread across the dark purple arch, illuminating the steep echoes of mountains covered with virgin forests.
To the right and to the left dark, mysterious abysses loomed black, and the fogs, swirling and writhing like snakes, slid there along the wrinkles of the neighboring rocks, as if sensing and fearing the approach of day. It was quiet in the sky and on the ground, only occasionally a cool wind came from the east, lifting the horses' manes covered with frost.
We set off; with difficulty five thin nags dragged our carts along the winding road to Gud Mountain; we walked behind, placing stones under the wheels when the horses were exhausted; it seemed that the road led to the sky, because as far as the eye could see, it kept rising and finally disappeared into the cloud, which had been resting on the top of Gud Mountain since the evening, like a kite awaiting prey. The snow crunched underfoot; the air became so thin that it was painful to breathe, blood constantly rushed into my head. (164 words.)
(According to M. Lermontov.)

10. In the morning, having slept well and full of fresh strength, I went out on duty. How good it is when the smell of iodine fills the air and the ocean spreads around like green silk.
There was, however, an admixture of some strange smell in the fresh air, and I could not understand what it smelled like. Looking around the horizon, I noticed a dark stripe in the distance, as if from an approaching cloud. The sky still shone blue, and yet there, on the shiny surface of the sea, something was dark. Are we approaching another depth or is a storm approaching? Lost in conjecture, I suddenly see: dolphins are rushing towards us. In a clear formation, now emerging and then disappearing, they flashed along the left side, and it seemed to me that they were running, as if fleeing from something.
The navigator, who had been looking through binoculars for a long time, finally guessed: oil! It is clear what smell was mixed with the freshness of the ocean. We encountered oil stains more than once during our voyage, but this was the first time I had seen this: ahead was a continuous oil field. First, rainbow stains appeared - orange, blue-violet, then some silvery spots, which became more and more numerous. Soon we saw: it was a dead fish, floating with its belly up. (170 words.)
(According to A. Sobolev.)

PLACE PUNCTION MARKS
1. Distant mountains loom and the gently sloping hills, now freed from snow, turn monotonously yellow. The squirrel sings songs and gnaws on nuts. The moon rose crimson and the gloomy stars also frowned. The same foggy haze now shrouded the fields even thicker, and nature still looked strange and incomprehensible. In the silence, the bells on the necks of the deer sing touchingly and the cold stream rings. It was either raining or sparrows running across the roof. The mother looked out the window and the girl also looked out at the street. Either the naughty February will cover the huts on the edge of the forest with snow, or suddenly he will build a huge snowy hill in the middle of the road. In the mornings they went fishing, or in the afternoon he and his father went to the nearest forest.
2. Again I visited that corner of the earth where I spent two unnoticed years as an exile. I felt calm and contentment here, so much so that I began to feel sleepy. Here the bottom of the crater was so hot that the stones cracked from the heat. I found here the letters that my brother wrote to his mother throughout his life. I was glad that she treated me in a friendly way. On the steep bank, where the pine forest began, wild strawberries poured out, apparently and invisibly. Pechorin's emptiness is so deep that even love cannot truly captivate him. The wall opposite where he was sitting was low. We decided to go at night since the snowstorm forced us to be delayed on the road for two days. Having run to the corner of the garden where the raspberry bushes grew and darting into the thick of the foliage, we began to collect the berries scattered abundantly throughout the bushes. The more the girl grew up, the more she became like her father.
3. PLACE PUNCTION MARKS, MAKE UP DIAGRAMS:
There happiness is no wonder where people work without laziness. Pushkin admired folk tales and insistently advised young writers to read them “to see the properties of the Russian language.” The fool alone does not change because time does not bring him development and experience does not exist for him. Since I have been alive, I have never read anything more boring than this article. The longer the detachment walked, the more impassable the path became. He didn’t just cry like city children cry, he screamed louder than the loudest man. No matter how much the sun shone, the sky through this window always seemed gray and cold, like autumn. I would like to live and die in Paris if there were no such land - Moscow. The novel was written in verse, apparently because at that time almost everything in Russian literature was written in verse. He did not tell anyone about this strong impression because no one would believe him. It was in May when the trees were already covered with leaves.
4. PLACE PUNCTION MARKS, MAKE DIAGRAMS, DETERMINE THE TYPE OF COMPLEX SENTENCE:
It’s evening and the bushes of the bare forest are darkening, as if the forest itself is gathering its thoughts for the night.
I loved you - you didn't love me. The snow is falling in clumps on the windows and the storm is whistling at the gates. The sounds of wonderful songs have fallen silent and they will not be heard again, the singer’s shelter is gloomy and cramped and his seal is on his lips. Wet snow is falling in flakes; my feet are wet and chilled to the bone. The whole difference between a smart and a stupid person is that the first will always think and rarely say, the second will always say and never think. The leaves have turned green and the forest has become beautiful.
5. Petka was very afraid to go into the water, but when he entered, he did not want to get out of it and pretended to swim. The frost intensified and when Sashka walked in the light circle that was formed by the lit lantern, he saw small dry snowflakes slowly floating in the air. Together with his mother, he was afraid of being late, although there was a good half hour left before the train left, and when they got into the carriage and drove off, Petka was stuck to the window and only his shorn head was spinning on his thin neck as if on a metal rod. The sun is shining so that if you close your eyes for a minute, through tightly closed eyelids you see a fiery curtain of fire. From somewhere beyond the Volga, clouds appeared and before the boys had time to sit in the open carriage, thunder rumbled and large drops of rain began to patter. It was nine o'clock in the morning and although the residents had long since risen, there were few people on the street.
GET EXTRA VALUATION:
Card No. 1
Insert the missing letters; Determine what part of speech the words with missing letters are:
I remembered this (in)afterwards..; last .. to be (for) .. years; read a lot (in)continued.. summer; new characters are introduced (in) the continuation of the film; (c) continuation of the book. New facts are introduced; charming person, being (on) time, participating in competitions.., embracing poetry, feeling bitterness.., b..blessings for good deeds, strong division, achievements of science, forgetting the baby, exposing vices, sparing your loved ones, declaring...rat..I human rights.
Card No. 2
Insert the missing letters; Write the words with the same root in a column. How many columns will there be? Why?
M..rovo..artist’s vision; take on the dress; freeze with delight, join friends; die..die of grief; freeze the area; tamed beast; freeze unexpectedly.
Additional questions: find noun phrases, indicate the main and dependent words in them, the way the words are connected in the phrase.
Card No. 3
Copy, punctuate, insert missing letters. Determine which member of the sentence is the word that connects the subordinate clause with the main one. Draw sentence diagrams.
He invited a friend who lived (not) far from him to visit.
The river we were sailing along was very wide.
The old man, out of (un)expectation, dropped the basket he was holding in his hands.
Card No. 4
Place punctuation marks, make sentence diagrams. In complex sentences, determine the means of connecting the subordinate clauses with the main clause, the type of subordinate clauses:
Karamzin's interest in history especially manifested itself in 1790 when he was in Paris.
Karamzin acutely felt the public need for historical understanding of one’s place in one’s native and world history, a need that grew along with the approach of Napoleonic troops to the Russian borders.
Card No. 5
...But people almost always act contrary to what experience teaches them.
And so inexhaustible was his [Chekhov’s] spiritual generosity that he was ready to endow many people with the riches of his own personality.
However, I received thorough knowledge and this helped me pass the college exam more successfully than others.
Card No. 6
Last..l month (in) during which he (not, not) once (wasn’t) with us.
We are going in the direction where the roads diverge.
The snow still lay in drifts in the deep forests and muddy ravines, but in the fields the donkey became loose and dark, and from under it in some places a large bald spot appeared black, fat, steaming in the sun Earth.
Card No. 7
Open the brackets and insert the missing letters. Conjunctions, allied words. Determine which parts of the sentence are allied words and the type of subordinate clauses. Place punctuation marks.
In late autumn I came to a lake ... called Izme(n, n)chivoy. The time has come... tits.. st..paradise (t, t)sya settled (t, t)sya (t)sya (to) closer to human habitation. (Not, not) when (not, not) in one of the literatures of the world (not, not) there was an example... one great poet picked up the banner of poetry that had fallen from the hands of another.
Card No. 8
Create proposal outlines.
On a clear day, you will see in the forest how the autumn cobwebs glisten in the sun.
The three pines that Pushkin loved so much are no longer in Mikhailovsky.
Young pines have been planted in the place where they once grew.
We asked when we should come again.
It is known that elephants are a curiosity among us.
The sun had not yet risen and it was cold in the garden.
A small river flows in the dewy meadows, which is so dear to me.
In the place where the sun had set, the sky still glowed with crimson stripes.
We settled down to rest near the tree that grows near the water.
What measure can you use to measure the path you have traveled?
Card No. 9
Text analysis.
There are fewer and fewer sounds in the night, and they are becoming quieter. And the fields are silent, and the village has fallen asleep, and everything around has died down. The night seemed to gradually fill with silence and now it was filled to its fullest, to the very brim.
- Title the text. Determine its type. Indicate the verbs used in a figurative meaning.
- Indicate lexical means. With the help of which the author conveys the motive of silence in nature.
- Is it a coincidence, from your point of view, that the use of cognate verbs of the perfective and imperfective form in one sentence is used?
- Read sentence 2, omitting the repeating conjunction AND, compare with what was written down. In which case is the state of peace and silence conveyed with greater expressiveness?
- What else indicates the duration of what is happening?
Tests
1. Test on the topic “Compound sentences.”
1 option

A. The snow rustles underfoot and it no longer appears white on the pavement.
B. They opened the door to the garden, and a thin and viscous smell wafted from there.
V. The winter forest breathes quietly, sensing the approach of spring, and gradually awakens from sleep.
G. It’s quiet in the forest and smells of pine and grass.
1. Indicate the sentence in which there is an error in the punctuation mark.
1. A 2.B 3. C 4.D
2. Indicate complex sentences
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D
3. Find a sentence with a common minor member.
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D

[vaguely personal], and [impersonal]?

Then suddenly a nightingale will trill, then a duck will quack.
A. simultaneity of phenomena B. sequence
B. alternation D. opposition
6. Find a sentence with the conjunction however (no punctuation marks are included).
A. There was a rustling sound in the bushes, but it soon died down.
B. A rustling sound was soon heard in the bushes, but it died down.
Option 2
Read the offers and complete the tasks.
A. Stand facing the waves and you will feel the freshness of the morning sea.
B. It’s the end of winter and the jackdaws are screaming incessantly in the trees.
B. The air in the forest is solemn and quiet and smells like spring.
G. I approached the seashore, plunging deeper and deeper into my thoughts, and suddenly I saw a ship.
1. Find the sentence with a punctuation error.
A B C D
2. Indicate complex sentences.
A B C D.
3. Find a complex sentence with a common minor member.
A B C D.
4. The structure of which sentence corresponds to the scheme:
[definitely personal], and [two-part]?
5. What significance does a conjunction bring to a complex sentence?
The first steam locomotives shocked my imagination, and I wanted to create these smart machines?
A. simultaneity of actions
B. sequence
B. alternation
G. opposition
6. Find a sentence with a conjunction too
A. We got to the forest with difficulty, and it took a long time to get to the forester’s hut.
B. Ten days later, already finishing the hike, we again found ourselves in (the) same village.
2. Test on the topic “Complex sentences”.
1 option

A. The mountain, towering above the city, sparkled all over, like a glazed cake.
B. During the time of Vladimir Monomakh, the Polovtsians were driven away from the southern borders of Rus', but later the Russians more than once had to repel their raids.
V. Unclear rustling noises were heard all the time from the thicket, and therefore the boys could not calm down for a long time.
G. The hunter, startled, quickly looked around, because he heard some noise in the bushes.
D. We went out to the river when it started to rain, which soon turned into downpour.
2. Indicate sentences in which the subordinate clause is connected to the main clause using a conjunctive word.
A. The closer to the south, the more often there were Cossack watchtowers with pickets.
B. Makar did not even notice that it was getting light.
B. Notice the willow buds, which are slightly swollen.
G. Only now did I understand what this thing meant to him.
D. The old man was so amazed by his words that he clasped his hands.
3. In which sentences does the subordinate clause appear in the middle of the complex?
(No punctuation marks included.)
A. For the first time I heard the rustling of a leaf falling from a tree in late autumn.
B. Today at five o’clock in the morning when I opened my eyes, the smell of flowers wafted through the window of my room.
V. Each of us must have thought about the forest streams that run under the windfall and the twinkling stars.
G. You could hear the mother clinking glasses as she poured tea.
D. Bees and butterflies fly to the willow because they are attracted by fragrant catkins.

I don't know when this will be. We get to know friends and loved ones at an hour when trouble threatens. When dusk came we had to return home. There are autumn nights that are deaf and silent when there is no wind over the black wooded land. When the sun descended to the horizon, an even yellow light was reflected in the thick autumn cobwebs covering the meadows. Since his brother returned home, he has never remembered what happened.

There, under these slopes, we expected to set up a night camp.
The Lena River begins from the high Baikal Mountains and receives numerous tributaries from everywhere, both right and left.
Option 2
1. Find complex sentences.
A. According to brother Pushkin, Alexander was gifted with “extraordinary memory.”
B. Almost every verse of Griboedov’s comedy has turned into a proverb or saying and is suitable for application to one society or another.
V. The sounds are in a hurry, echoing each other, and the forest immediately responds to them with a ringing and clear echo.
D. Warm, sunny weather has established itself, which occurs in the mountains only in October.
D. The sky in the east began to darken, although the sun had not yet gone beyond the horizon.
2. Indicate sentences in which the subordinate clause is connected to the main clause by a conjunctive word.
A. First of all, I must express what I have not yet dared to admit to myself.
B. In order not to get lost in the forests, you need to know the signs.
V. All night we lay by the fire and listened to the river roar.
G. We followed the path that led straight to the river.
D. The more enlightened a person is, the more useful he is to his Fatherland.
3. Find SPPs in which the subordinate clauses come before the main clauses. (No punctuation marks included.)
A. And for a long time I will be kind to the people because I awakened good feelings with the lyre.
B. My sister and I wanted my father to go on vacation.
B. When white clumps of catkins appear on the dark red branches, the pussy willow is especially good.
G. Even wealthier nobles rarely spent as much on raising their children as Arsenyeva spent on raising her grandson.
D. To get to the parking lot we had to walk another five kilometers.
4. Place punctuation marks:
Where there is no love for art, there is no criticism. Here is a clearing where, between two streams, I recently picked porcini mushrooms. The boy reached the lower pond where the ravine crashed and turned towards the village. When I woke up, I couldn’t understand where I was and looked around the room for a long time and carefully. The mown grass lay in long shafts, and where they began to mow, it dried out and became dull. As soon as the rainbow collects water there, it will rain.
What style of speech is characterized by the use of the conjunctive word otkol.
5. Parse the sentences:
Duckweed almost completely covered the creek and, cutting through it, wild ducks slowly moved along it.
A fresh morning breeze fluttered like a damp haze.
TEST
1. Read the sentences and answer the questions (circle the numbers of the sentences chosen to answer).
A. Wherever I turn my gaze, the gloomy forest is blue all around.
B. Golitsyno, where we spent the summer, greeted us with a diverse children's choir.
Q. I don’t know where the line is between a comrade and a friend.
G. Solokha thought for a long time about where she should hide her guest.
D. In the place where the sun set, the sky still glowed with crimson stripes.
1. Find sentences in which there are errors in punctuation:
A B C D E.
2. Find complex sentences in which the subordinate clause is in the middle of the main one:
A B C D E.
3. Indicate a complex sentence with a subordinate clause:
A B C D E.
4. Indicate a complex sentence with an explanatory clause:
A B C D E.
5. Find a complex sentence with a subordinate clause:
A B C D E.
2. Circle the numbers of only those sentences that include subordinate clauses:
A. And Tanya enters the empty house where my hero recently lived.
B. Now the sea of wheat is noisy where there once was a war.
V. Where once everything was empty, bare, now the young grove has grown.
G. I don’t know where he found this copy.
D. I look to where the people were crowding.
3.* Make a proposal by first completing the following steps:
1) from the phrase land at the edge, select the main word and take a prefix from it;
2) from the noun phrase of the sentence The nearest village was an hour's drive from us, take the root of the dependent word;
3) add a verbal suffix to the verb read;
4) add the suffix of the active present participle melting (snow);
5) add the end of the definition: mighty Oleg bowed his head;
6) add a recurrence suffix;
7) with the received word, make up a phrase so that this word is the main one:
8) make up a sentence with a participial phrase, and then replace it with a subordinate clause; Write down the received proposal and give its diagram.
TEST
1. Read the sentence Only by exploring some piece of our land, you can understand how our hearts are attached to its every path, spring, and even the timid squeaking of a forest bird.
The subordinate clause in it is...
A. in front of the main
B. after the main clause
V. in the middle of the main clause
2. Make a synonymous replacement of a simple sentence with isolated members with a complex sentence.
Entering the room, I saw a brother who had arrived from the city.
3. Make a complex sentence with a subordinate clause from two simple sentences.
I studied at school. My brother was already working at the factory.
4. Make a synonymous replacement of a complex sentence with a complex sentence with a subordinate clause.
Kulibin did not receive any special education, but he was a gifted mechanic.
5. Determine the type of adverbial adverbial clause in a complex sentence. When the commander is not timid, the soldiers will follow him into fire and water.
A. comparative clause
B. subordinate clause
B. subordinate tense
6. Find among these sentences a compound with a subordinate clause.
A. This was the school where I was sent.
B. I knew where I was being sent.
Q. I arrived where I was sent.
7. In which sentence was there a punctuation error?
A. While we were preparing materials for the expedition, the head of the detachment was negotiating with the guide.
B. You could hear a lark singing over the field and a cuckoo crowing in the distance.
V. I waited for her story and remained silent, afraid that if I asked her about anything, she would again get distracted.
8. Write down the sentence using punctuation marks.
I threw my overcoat over my shoulders because, despite the warm day, I was chilled from cold and fatigue and went to look for a car.
9. Come up with beginnings and write down the sentences you receive.
A. ... that he almost fell into the water.
B. ... as if she had lived in England for a long time.
10. Complete the complex sentence. Specify the type of subordinate clause.
A. I looked out the window and saw... and it seemed to me...
B. As soon as the first grass appeared, ...
Q. I haven’t received letters from my friend for so long...
G. I will tell you about the book...
11. Which diagram corresponds to the sentence? Having carefully read everything written by Prishvin, you are convinced that he did not have time to tell us even a hundredth part of what he saw and knew perfectly well?
A. , (). B. , (), (). IN. , , (), ().
12. Insert a suitable conjunction or allied word.
It's worthless... you can't break a bad habit.
A. which B. who C. if D. when

We make our way through the bird cherry thicket to the shore. It's the end of June, and she's just dressed for spring. The wild rosemary burns with a belated lilac color, and the birch tree, not believing the summer, stands naked.

The taiga, seeing the vastness of Lake Baikal, rolls towards it along the hills in tiers of greenery and freezes at the very water. Having felt the water with their roots, the larches, birches and pines decided not to swim, stopped, but the taiga pressed in from behind and could not stop. That is why giant fallen trees lie on the shore, blocking the road to the lake.

It's amazing to see April and June here at once. Behind you are the smells of summer, and on Lake Baikal it’s just like the Volga in flood. The same vast expanse of water, the same ice floes in herds.

Baikal opens late, and until the end of May icy herds rush through the water. In June they come to the shore and here, near a boulder, they slowly settle, frightening the animals at the watering hole with an unexpected rustle.

The water of Lake Baikal, clear as a tear, does not tolerate garbage, and in stormy weather it throws fragments of boats and driftwood onto the shore. Not a speck in the water!

The distant blue hills merge with the sunset stripes, and they are slowly obscured by the evening haze.

Control dictation

Baikal opens late, and until the end of May icy herds rush through the water. In June they land on the shore and here, near a boulder, they slowly settle, frightening the animals at the watering hole with an unexpected rustle.

The water of Lake Baikal, clear as a tear, does not tolerate garbage, and in stormy weather it throws fragments of boats and driftwood onto the shore. Not a speck in the water!

The distant blue hills merge with the sunset stripes, and they are slowly obscured by the evening haze. (165 words.)

No. 1 At night

The night was dark. Although the moon had risen, it was hidden by thick clouds covering the horizon. Perfect silence reigned in the air. Not the slightest breeze rippled the smooth surface of the sleeping river, which quickly and silently rolled its waters to the sea. Here and there a light splash could be heard near the steep bank from a lump of earth that had separated and fallen into the water. Sometimes a duck flew over us, and we heard the quiet but sharp whistle of its wings. Sometimes a catfish floated to the surface of the water, stuck out its ugly head for a moment and, lashing the streams with its tail, sank into the depths. Everything is quiet again.

Suddenly a dull, drawn-out roar is heard and does not pass for a long time, as if freezing in a silent night. This deer wanders far, far away and calls for a female. The hunter’s heart trembles at this sound, and a proud bagel quietly making its way through the reeds is clearly visible before his eyes.

Meanwhile, the boat glides imperceptibly, propelled by the careful blows of the oars. The tall, motionless figure of Stepan looms vaguely on the horizon. Its long white oar moves silently back and forth and is only occasionally transferred from one side of the boat to the other. (167 words)

(According to I. Bielfeld)

No. 2 Night in the forest

The village was somewhere behind the forest. If you go to it along the main road, you need to travel dozens of kilometers; if you follow forest paths, the path will be cut in half. Thick roots engulfed the winding path. The forest is noisy and calming. Withered leaves swirl in the chilly air. The path, winding among the trees, climbs hills, descends into hollows, climbs into the thicket of aspen trees, runs out into clearings overgrown with spruce trees, and it seems that it will never lead you anywhere.

But snowflakes begin to swirl along with the leaves. There are more and more of them, and nothing is visible in the snowy round dance: no falling leaves, no path.

An autumn day is like a candle: it smolders and smolders with a dim fire and goes out. Dusk falls on the forest, and the road is completely invisible; don't know where to go.

It’s creepy and scary in the dark, and Marina is all alone. Going further is risky: in the fall, the northern forests are afraid of wolves. Marina climbs a tree and decides to wait out the long night in the forest.

The wet snow filled the coat with moisture. It's cold and your frostbitten feet are aching. Finally, in the chilly dawn, the roosters suddenly crowed. The village, it turns out, was very close. (168 words)

(According to L. Frolov)

No. 3 Man and nature

A person impoverishes his spiritual life if he arrogantly looks down on everything living and nonliving that is not endowed with his human mind. After all, the life of people, no matter how complex it may be, no matter how far our power over the world around us extends, is just a particle of the life of nature. After all, what we know about her today is so little compared to the mysterious, amazing and beautiful that we still have to learn about her. Maybe it is today, when it is important for a person to connect in his mind the latest data about elementary particles, about “white dwarfs” and “black holes” of the Universe with the snow-white daisies in forest glades, with luxurious, pulsating constellations overhead, somewhere in the middle endless steppe.

We are still interested in the habits of animals and birds - strange overseas ones and ours, familiar from childhood. We are interested in many things: why such a dense animal as a bear is easy to train; whether the gray wolf is in danger of being included in the Red Book (where scientists list animals that are in danger of extinction from the face of the planet); how quickly rock crystal crystals grow and why the leaf of the common plantain is considered healing. (169 words)

(According to I. Akimushkin)

Everything that was around was not conducive to ordinary thoughts. To the right were dark hills, which seemed to obscure something unknown and terrible; to the left, the entire sky above the horizon was filled with a crimson glow, and it was difficult to understand whether there was a fire somewhere or whether the moon was about to rise. The distance was visible as during the day, but its delicate purple color, obscured by the evening darkness, disappeared, and the entire steppe was hidden in darkness...

On July evenings and nights, quails and corncrakes no longer call, nightingales no longer sing in the forest ravines, there is no smell of flowers, but the steppe is still beautiful and full of life. As soon as the sun sets and the earth is enveloped in darkness, the day's melancholy is forgotten, everything is forgiven, and the steppe sighs easily with its wide chest. The monotonous chatter lulls you to sleep, like a lullaby; you drive and feel that you are falling asleep, but from somewhere comes the abrupt, alarming cry of an unsleeping bird, or an indefinite sound is heard, similar to someone’s voice, and drowsiness lowers your eyelids... It smells like hay, dried grass and belated flowers, but the smell is thick, sweet, cloying and delicate.

Everything is visible through the darkness, but it is difficult to make out the color and outlines of objects. (168 words)

(A. Chekhov)

The warm, windless day faded. Only far on the horizon, in the place where the sun had set, the sky still glowed with crimson stripes, as if it had been smeared with wide strokes of a huge brush dipped in blood.

Against this strange and menacing background, the jagged wall of the coniferous forest was clearly drawn as a rough, dark silhouette, and here and there the transparent round tops of bare birches sticking out above it seemed to be painted on the sky with light strokes of delicate greenish ink. A little higher up, the pink glow of the fading sunset, imperceptibly for the eyes, turned into a faint shade of faded turquoise...

The air had already darkened, and the trunk of every tree, every branch stood out in it, with that soft and pleasant clarity that can only be observed in early spring, in the evenings.

Sometimes you could hear an invisible beetle buzzing in a deep bass voice, flying somewhere very close, and how it, dryly plopping against some obstacle, immediately fell silent.

Here and there silver threads of forest streams and swamps flashed through the thicket of trees. The frogs poured into them with their hasty, deafening screams; the toads echoed them with a rarer, melodic hoot. Sometimes a duck flew overhead with a timid quack, and you could hear a little snipe flying from place to place with a loud and short bleat. (177 words)

(According to A. Kuprin)

The professor lived in a room where books and paintings ruled and fought, like two opposite principles.

Books managed to take over the entire space of the room: giant bookcases lined the walls like book fortresses; the table, squeezed between the walls, was full of books; They took both the chairs and the small chess table, where they lay in neatly tied piles. They also controlled the air of the room, filling it with the special smell of paper and ancient bindings; books saturated the air, making it dusty and stuffy.

The paintings seemed to want to open up the room and dissolve the wall on which they hung into quiet, calm landscapes. They filled the space with the fresh air of the groves and soft sunlight filtered through the cloudy haze. And if the rustling of leaves and the whisper of grass did not penetrate the room, it was only because silence reigned in all the paintings. The artist depicted only her and the dreamy thoughtfulness of nature on his canvases.

In the evenings, the light of lanterns penetrated into the room from the street, and it seemed to be filled with loose gray matter. In those places where bookcases stood, the substance thickened to a completely black color. (158 words)

(According to A. Kazantsev)

The water of Lake Baikal, clear as a tear, does not tolerate garbage, and in stormy weather it throws fragments of boats and driftwood onto the shore. Not a speck in the water!

The distant blue hills merge with the sunset stripes, and they are slowly obscured by the evening haze. (165 words.)

No. 8 Pass

It’s long night, and I’m still wandering through the mountains towards the pass, wandering in the wind, among the cold fog, and hopelessly, but obediently, a wet, tired horse follows me on the reins, clanking with empty stirrups.

At dusk, resting at the foot of the pine forests, beyond which this bare, deserted ascent begins, I looked into the immense depths below me with that special feeling of pride and strength with which you always look from a great height.

It was still possible to discern lights in the darkening valley far below, on the coast of a narrow bay, which was expanding and embracing half the sky.

But night had already fallen in the mountains. It was getting dark quickly, I walked, approaching the forests - and the mountains grew more and more gloomy and majestic, and thick fog, driven by the storm from above, fell into the spans between their spurs with stormy swiftness. He fell from the plateau, which he enveloped in a gigantic loose ridge, and with his fall seemed to increase the gloomy depth of the abysses between the mountains. It had already smoked the forest, approaching me along with the dull, deep and unsociable roar of the pine trees. It smelled of winter freshness and was blown away by snow and wind. (167 words)

(According to I. Bunin)

No. 9 The rustling of leaves

Often in the fall I would closely watch the falling leaves to catch that imperceptible split second when a leaf leaves the branch and begins to fall to the ground. I've read in old books about the sound of falling leaves, but I've never heard that sound. If the leaves rustled, it was only on the ground, under a person’s feet. The rustle of leaves in the air seemed as implausible to me as stories about hearing grass sprouting in the spring.

I was, of course, wrong. Time was needed so that the ear, dulled by the grinding of city streets, could rest and catch the very pure and precise sounds of the autumn land.

There are autumn nights, deaf and silent, when there is no wind over the black wooded edge and only the watchman's beater can be heard from the village outskirts.

It was such a night. The lantern illuminated the well, the old maple under the fence and the nasturtium bush tousled by the wind in the yellowed flowerbed.

I looked at the maple and saw how a red leaf carefully and slowly separated from the branch, shuddered, stopped in the air for an instant and began to fall slantingly towards my feet, slightly rustling and swaying. For the first time I heard the rustling of a falling leaf - a vague sound, like a child's whisper. (180 words)

No. 10 Morning

The slanting rays of the morning sun woke me up early. I dressed quickly, took a towel, a book and went for a swim to the river in the shade of a birch tree, which was located half a mile from the house. There I lay down on the grass and read, occasionally glancing at the silver surface of the river. And sometimes he climbed into the apple orchard, into the middle of a dense raspberry forest. Overhead is a bright, hot sky, and all around is the prickly greenery of raspberry bushes mixed with weeds. Dark green nettle with a flowering crown stretches slenderly upward. Sprawling burdock with unnaturally purple flowers grows roughly above raspberries and in some places, together with nettles, reaches the spreading branches of old apple trees. Below, needle-like grass and young burdock, moistened with dew, turn lushly green in the eternal shade, as if they do not know how the sun plays brightly on the leaves of the apple tree.

This thicket is always damp and smells of cobwebs, unripe apples, and raspberries. Moving forward, you scare away the sparrows that live in this wilderness, you hear their hasty chirping and the beating of their small wings. Then I heard the buzzing of bees and the steps of the old gardener Akim. My feet are thoroughly wet, my hands are burned by nettles, the direct rays of the sun are starting to burn my head, I’ve been hungry for a long time. I usually came home at eleven o'clock. (182 words)

(According to L.N. Tolstoy)

No. 11 Morning in the forest

It's good to walk on the ground early in the morning! The air, which has not yet become sultry, pleasantly refreshes the larynx and chest. The sun, which has not yet come into its full force, warms gently and gently. Under the slanting rays of the morning light, everything seems more prominent, more convex, brighter: the bridge over the ditch, the bushes, and the trees, especially the tops, ruddy and bright.

In the forest every now and then you come across swamps, black and glossy. The grass growing near them seems greener. Sometimes a stream crosses the road from the depths of the forest. In one place, a stream of moss crawled out of the forest darkness to our feet, lush, lush, unbearably bright. In the middle of its almost unnatural greenery flowed a brown stream. The brown water of these places is not at all cloudy. It is transparent when you scoop it into a glass, but still retains its golden hue. From a stream flowing in a soft and lush green bed, we scooped up handfuls of water.

On the forest road, fanning out, the shadows of the pine trees lay. The forest was not old, clean, without undergrowth. To the side of the road, I suddenly came across a wide bench without a back, knocked together from planks. It was all cut up with the names of people who wished to immortalize themselves in this way. Soon the gate of the rest house, painted with white oil paint, explained the presence of a wooden bench in the forest. (180 words)

(Based on the story “Vladimir Country Roads” by V. Soloukhin)

No. 12 Thunderstorm

The eleventh hour is running out. The July afternoon is still breathing heavily. The air sways sleepily over the sandy road, the roadside yellow grasses droop and creep from the heat. The greenery of the groves and arable lands lies dormant and languishes without moisture. A grasshopper babbles something indistinctly in a half-asleep state.

Neither a person, nor a bird, nor a small grass creature - no one is struggling at all with languor, everyone seems to have surrendered to its irresistible force. I don't want to think about anything. What can you do to freshen up? There is no breeze or dew in the meadows. It's just as stuffy in the forest as in an open field. I don’t have the strength to go for a swim in the nearest river, but perhaps you’ll feel even more relaxed in the sun after a swim.

Due to the heat, everything freezes. One hope for a storm. She alone will awaken nature, alone she will dispel the dream. Suddenly you hear something rumble in the distance. These are shelves of menacing clouds that quickly cover the entire sky. There is an ominous silence. But out of nowhere a sharp gust of wind bursts into the dead wilderness. He drives a column of dust in front of him, tears and tosses tree leaves.

Lightning flashed, tearing through the clouds. Cracking thunder is about to erupt, heavenly lakes will overturn on the scorched fields. Where can you hide from this cruel but welcome downpour? Friends, hide under this canopy. The rain will stop soon. (190 words)

No. 13 Sea

The sea hummed menacingly, standing out from all the noise in this anxious and sleepy night. It was felt that late autumn night now reigned supreme in this deserted place, and the large old garden, the house packed for the winter and the open gazebos at the corners of the fence were eerie in their abandonment. One sea hummed smoothly, victoriously and, it seemed, more and more majestic in the consciousness of its strength. The damp wind knocked us off our feet on the cliff, and for a long time we were not able to get enough of its soft, penetrating freshness to the depths of our souls. Then, sliding along wet clay paths and the remains of wooden stairs, we began to descend down to the surf sparkling with foam. Black poplars rose and hummed, and beneath them, as if in response to them, the sea played with a greedy and furious surf. The high waves reaching us with the roar of cannon shots crashed onto the shore, swirled and sparkled with whole waterfalls of snow foam, dug up sand and stones and, running back, carried away tangled algae, silt and gravel, which rattled and grinded in their wet noise. The whole air was full of fine, cool dust, and everything around breathed the free freshness of the sea. The darkness grew pale, and the sea was already clearly visible into the distant space. (180 words)

(According to I.A. Bunin)

No. 14 Along the river

At the beginning of the summer holidays, my friend and I decided to take a short trip along the river in a rubber boat. Without saying anything to anyone, we quickly got ready to set off and by nightfall we were on the river bank. The silence of the night, interrupted by some sharp bird cry, the damp, piercing air - all this had a bad effect on us.

For several minutes we hesitated, but then we resolutely entered the boat, pushed away from the shore, and the boat floated downstream. At first it was scary to drive along an unfamiliar river, but gradually we got used to it and boldly looked forward.

Early in the morning we hoped to be in an unfamiliar village. We floated slowly down the river, almost without using the oars. The moon appeared from behind the clouds, illuminating all the surroundings with its mysterious brilliance. Somewhere a nightingale clicked, followed by another. It seemed as if the whole air was permeated with enchanting sounds. We admired the nightingale's singing and the beauty of the night and completely forgot about the boat. Suddenly, having bumped into something, it capsized, and we found ourselves waist-deep in water. Having collected our things that were floating along the river, we climbed ashore, pulled out the ill-fated boat, lit a fire and until the morning we warmed ourselves, dried ourselves and discussed the night's adventure. (174 words)

No. 15 Singer of native nature

If nature could feel gratitude to a person for penetrating her life and singing her praises, then first of all this gratitude would fall to Mikhail Prishvin.

It is unknown what Prishvin would have done in his life if he had remained an agronomist (this was his first profession). In any case, he would hardly have revealed Russian nature to millions of people as a world of the most subtle and luminous poetry. He simply did not have enough time for this.

If you carefully read everything written by Prishvin, you remain convinced: he did not have time to tell us even a hundredth part of what he saw and knew perfectly.

It’s difficult to write about Prishvin. What he said needs to be written down in treasured notebooks, re-read, discovering new values in every line, going into his books, just as we go along barely treasured paths into a dense forest with its conversation of keys and the fragrance of herbs, plunging into various thoughts and states inherent in this a person who is pure in mind and heart.

Prishvin’s books are “the endless joy of constant discoveries.” Several times I heard from people who had just put down Prishvin’s book they had read, the same words: “This is real witchcraft.” (183 words)

(K.G. Paustovsky)

Pushkin's first meeting with Nicholas I took place in Moscow, where the Tsar summoned the poet from Mikhailovsky exile. This was two months after the massacre of the Decembrists, many of whom were friends of the poet. Pushkin knew that his freedom-loving poems were found in the files of almost all the convicted Decembrists, that these poems were widespread in the army, and that he himself was under suspicion from the Tsar. When Nikolai did not get testimony from the arrested about the poet’s direct connection with them, he ordered his “outrageous” poems to be burned.

While still at Mikhailovskoe, Pushkin carefully revised his papers and destroyed the most dangerous pages of the precious notes on outstanding contemporaries that he kept for five years. The poet was afraid that his notes could harm many people, and perhaps even increase the number of victims.

The Tsar asked Pushkin whether his way of thinking had changed during the years of exile and whether he gave his word to think and act differently. The poet could not, however, become different and still behaved freely and independently. This is evidenced at least by the poem “Arion”, in which Pushkin proclaims his loyalty to his Decembrist friends: “I sing the old hymns...” (169 words)

(From the book by A. Gessen “Moika Embankment, 12”)

All the way to Tsarskoye Selo, the architect Vasily Stasov was immersed in his thoughts. From time to time he cast an absent-minded glance at the snow-covered plain along which the road connecting the capital with Tsarskoe Selo ran, and thought about his own things.

He, a young architect who had built a lot in Moscow, was given the task of drawing up a project for remodeling the outbuilding, in which it was decided to open a new educational institution - the Lyceum.

Stasov remembered the rumors that circulated in St. Petersburg society. Some said that the emperor planned to raise his younger brothers - Nikolai and Mikhail - together with the offspring of noble families. Others believed that the king, who did not have his own children, wanted to see young people close to him. Still others believed that these were the malicious undertakings of Speransky, who had gained the trust of the sovereign and was inciting him to carry out dangerous and harmful reforms. But no matter what was interpreted in the capital's society, at the beginning of 1811 a decree was published on the founding of the Lyceum, and so he, the architect Stasov, was asked to immediately inspect the building in which the Lyceum would be located and decide how best to adapt it for the needs of the future educational establishments. (160 words)

(From the book “In the Gardens of the Lyceum” by M. Basina)

Although the students arrived, classes at the Lyceum did not begin. Everyone was preparing for October 19, the day when the Lyceum would be inaugurated.

Count Razumovsky, the Minister of Education, arrived. He examined everything and ordered a rehearsal for the upcoming celebration to be held in his presence. They gave him a chair. He sat down, gloomily watching as the pupils were brought in in ceremonial uniforms, lined up, calling them according to the list, taught to bow respectfully and gracefully to the place where the king would sit.

The hall where the rehearsal took place was small but beautiful. It was bright, with four columns supporting the ceiling, walls that were painted pink marble, shiny parquet floors, and wall-length mirrors. It was here that it was supposed to subsequently hold public exams and other celebrations. The architect, who was remodeling the building, adapting it to the needs of the educational institution, was ordered to make sure that the premises had a formal appearance. The walls of the hall were skillfully painted. Military armor, banners, scenes from ancient times seemed not drawn, but sculpted, convex. The painting decorated both the ceiling and the four arches through which one entered the assembly hall. There was no furniture in the hall, because the students were supposed to practice fencing here and play in the evenings. (170 words)

(According to M. Basina)

If you are having a hard time, if sadness has taken possession of your heart, go to where the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl stands by the river, on a hill. Look closely at the noble proportions of the white temple, reflected over eight centuries in the waters, and you will see how naturally the structure fits into the surrounding landscape.

The one who, having seen the temple once, believes that he knows it, is mistaken. This poem made of stone must be reread many times to understand the beauty of this extraordinary structure.

It's hard to say when is the best time to admire it. In the spring, when the Klyazma and Nerl flood, absorbing streams running from forests and lakes, and the water floods the meadows. In the dark waves, reminiscent of thickly infused tea, are reflected birches, willows and oaks similar to giant heroes, which are older than birches and probably remember how the Vladimir land was trampled by Tatar horses and how the carts of nomads stood here. At dawn, when the sun's rays play over the forests and from the bursts of light and shadow, the ancient walls seem to sway, becoming brighter hour by hour. You should also see the cover in the rain, when a huge cloud seems to stop to admire the temple.

The temple as we know it is a lyrical poem addressed to the inner world of man. (175 words)

(According to E. Osetrova)

Everything is beautiful in nature: the clouds floating across the sky, the birch tree whispering with the grass, the harsh northern spruce, and the lichen that climbs up the slope of a rocky slope. But what can compare with water in terms of charm and charm? Wind-swept waves reflecting green and blue are living life. This is what I thought when I sailed on a simple wooden sailboat across the pockmarked expanses of Lake Onega. It attracted me with its transparency and depth.

I remembered that in the old days water was considered a healing, cleansing force. When, during fortune telling, girls looked into the water in front of a mirror, hoping to see their betrothed there, it was a custom to ask the water for the future.

The lake changed colors. At first, when dawn had barely broken, the water was cold and inhospitable. Then the color of the lake turned pewter. When the rays of the sun began to play on the sail, the water smelled fresh, swayed, as if in a dance, and became warm and inviting.

I sailed into the world of Russian fairy tales - into ancient Kizhi. Those who have not been there think that Kizhi is an island that is lost among the expanses of water. However, knowledgeable people say that there are almost two thousand islands on the lake. (166 words)

(According to E. Osetrova)

Having lit the stove in the dugout, Polya made tea and, as soon as it got dark, went to bed. The first half hour was somehow alarming and uncomfortable. It seemed like someone was sneaking towards the dugout. The door is about to open and strangers will come in. Then she raised her head and listened. It turns out that it was the hay crunching under her body. In the end, Polya convinced herself that the taiga was deserted in winter and nothing threatened her. All the anxiety comes from excitement and suspiciousness, and there is no point in bothering your head with all sorts of trifles. She fell asleep soundly, sleeping dreamlessly all night long.

Taiga lay wrapped in snow, quiet, thoughtful. The day turned out brighter than yesterday. The sun came out several times, and then the tops of the trees with their white fluffy caps became golden and glowed like burning candles. The notches on the trunks also became more visible, which Polya watched with both eyes so as not to go astray. (167 words)

(G. Markov)

At eighteen it is impossible to be settled, and one day you will suddenly feel an irresistible desire to come into contact with the unknown, the unknown.

How wonderful it is in the evening to climb up the trembling ship's gangway onto the festively lit deck and join the noisy crowd of passengers who say goodbye to the land and go to sea, to some new, amazing, incomparable life.

When the steamer began to hum with a trumpet voice and the deck began to tremble from the work of the machines hidden in the hold, the dark water boiled at the sides, with orange oil stains, with light reflections, the shore suddenly shuddered and, slowly turning around, began to move away with a dark crowd of mourners on the pier. The port lights floated, misty, running further and further into the interior of the mainland, turning yellow there in the distance, and the cheerful stars began to approach, some seemed to hang right on the yards, and they could be picked off like a butterfly by hand.

And suddenly there was a breath of freedom, salty coolness, and the Black Sea looked straight into your eyes.

I walked along the lower deck among the singing, screaming, dancing passengers, proud and sad, sitting motionless and snoring side by side right on the deck. I was one of them that night, an unknown grain of sand setting off on a distant and unknown voyage. (180 words)

(According to B. Yampolsky)

No. 23 Sparrow

I was returning from hunting and walking along the garden alley. The dog ran ahead of me.

Suddenly she slowed down her steps and began to creep up, as if sensing game in front of her.

I looked along the alley and saw a young sparrow with yellowness around its beak and down on its head. He fell from the nest (the wind strongly shook the birch trees of the alley) and sat motionless, helplessly spreading his barely sprouted wings.

My dog was slowly approaching him, when suddenly, falling from a nearby tree, an old black-breasted sparrow fell like a stone in front of her muzzle and, with a desperate and pitiful squeak, jumped in the direction of the toothy open mouth.

He rushed to save, he shielded his brainchild with himself, but his whole small body trembled with horror, his voice became wild and hoarse, he froze, he sacrificed himself!

What a huge monster the dog must have seemed to him! And yet he could not sit on his high, safe branch.

My Trezor stopped and backed away. Apparently, he recognized this power.

I hastened to call the embarrassed dog away and left in awe.

Yes, don't laugh. I was in awe of that little heroic bird, of her loving impulse.

Love, I thought, is stronger than death and the fear of death. Only by her, only by love does life hold and move. (185 words)

(According to I.S. Turgenev)

No. 24 Oak

It was already the beginning of June when Prince Andrei, returning home, went again to that birch grove in which this old, gnarled oak struck him so strangely and memorably. The bells rang even more muffled in the forest than a month and a half ago; everything was full, shady and dense, and the young spruce trees scattered throughout the forest did not disturb the overall beauty and, imitating the general character, were tenderly green with fluffy young shoots...

“Yes, here, in this forest, there was this oak tree with which we agreed,” thought Prince Andrei. “Where is he?” - Prince Andrei thought again, looking at the left side of the road, and, without knowing it, without recognizing him, he admired the oak tree that he was looking for. The old oak tree, completely transformed, spread out like a tent of lush, dark greenery, was melting, slightly swaying in the rays of the evening sun. No gnarled fingers, no sores, no old mistrust and grief - nothing was visible. Juicy young leaves broke through the tough, hundred-year-old bark without knots, so it was impossible to believe that this old man had produced them. “Yes, this is that same oak tree,” thought Prince Andrei, and suddenly an unreasonable, spring feeling of joy and renewal came over him. (165 words)

(L.N. Tolstoy)

No. 25 Seton-Thompson

In the thirties, on hills overgrown with juniper and pine trees, next to Indian huts, a famous man - a writer, artist, naturalist - built himself a home. He drew up the construction plan himself, chose the logs and stones himself, and, like the carpenters, did not let go of the ax. He chose a wild, uncomfortable place so that he could live the rest of his days in nature, not yet trampled by man...

The house turned out to be quite spacious, similar to an Asian one - with a flat roof and a long porch made of rough-hewn logs on stilts. Everything is brought here by the taste and lifestyle of the owner. The window is large and next to it is very tiny, looking out of the stonework like an embrasure. The porch is filled with wooden, Indian-made figurines of some gods, goggle-eyed people and bright red angry bears.

Here is a large room full of books and paintings. A chair near the table with a carved greeting: “Welcome, my friends!” Guests sat in this chair: artists, writers, scientists who came here. But more often the Indians sat in the chairs. They lived here in the hills, and the doors of the house were open to them at all hours.

Sometimes Seton-Thompson did not sign letters to the Indians and friends in the East, but drew the trail of a wolf - this meant a signature. (172 words)

(According to V. Peskov)

No. 26 How Chekhov worked

Chekhov's life was subordinated to writing. Those who lived next to Chekhov guessed that internal work was always in full swing within him. It seemed that his senses were constantly fixing in his memory expressions, conversations, colors, sounds, smells.

Chekhov wrote down much of what he noticed around him in his notebook, making notes at home, at dinner, at night, on a boat, in the field. When this book was not at hand, he wrote it down on anything: on a piece of paper, a business card, on the back of a letter addressed to him.

Chekhov said that the theme is given by chance. This meant that Chekhov did not invent topics while sitting in his office at his desk. But he did not wait for the opportunity to come to him. The writer himself met the opportunity, always looked for it, persistently tracking down the topic, like a hunter tracking down his game.

Much of Chekhov’s life was explained by the search for these cases: sudden absences from home, unexpected departures, hours spent in night tea shops, hospitals, hotels in provincial towns, and railway stations. Lines from notebooks turned into sketches for future works, then into a draft, covered with corrections and insertions. The manuscripts of all the real masters are crossed out length and breadth. Chekhov knew well that writing is simply the most difficult thing. (177 words)

(According to A. Roskin)

No. 27 Near the house

If in the morning you wake up from a strange knocking on the glass and, getting up, see a tit on the windowsill, do not be surprised - a guest has come from the forest. If you want to wake up every morning to the sound of a tit’s bell (and this is the best of alarm clocks), put a piece of lard (necessarily unsalted) - you are guaranteed constant friendship between tits, woodpeckers and nuthatches.

This neighborhood is not a burden to people at all. It is easier for a person to live in cold weather and bad weather if these fussy and trusting beggars are nearby. Every manifestation of life nearby nourishes the soul...

In autumn, a lot of living creatures gather near the house. Swallows, before flying away, and starlings, before disappearing, always visit the nest or native birdhouse - they sit and whistle. Not like in the spring - they whistle quietly, thoughtfully, as if they are remembering something. If there is a rowan or viburnum bush growing near the house, expect thrushes, waxwings, and bullfinches. And look closely on the ground: mice have appeared, a nimble weasel, a mouse hunter, a hedgehog rustling leaves in the garden at night. And our old and reliable friends, the tits, are almost always in sight, all day long. You will hear them and you will breathe deeper and smile once again. (160 words)

(According to V. Peskov)

When they arrived at the place where it was necessary to fight, Lermontov, taking a pistol in his hand, solemnly repeated to Martynov that it had never occurred to him to offend him, even to upset him, that it was all just a joke and that if Martynov was offended by this, he was ready ask him for forgiveness... wherever he wants. “Shoot! Shoot! - was the answer of the frantic Martynov.

Lermontov should have started. He fired into the air, wanting to end this stupid quarrel amicably. Martynov thought not so generously. He was quite inhuman and vicious to approach his enemy himself and shoot him right in the heart. The blow was so strong and sure that death was as sudden as a gunshot. The unfortunate Lermontov gave up his ghost. It is surprising that the seconds allowed Martynov to commit this brutal act. He acted against all the rules of honor, nobility and justice. If he wanted the duel to take place, he should have told Lermontov: “Please load your pistol again. I advise you to take good aim at me, because I will try to kill you.” This is what a noble, brave officer would do. Martynov acted like a murderer. (166 words)

(A. Bulgakov, contemporary of Lermontov)

No. 29 Forest Lake

Behind the roadside bushes rose a mixed forest. On the left side, black water sparkled mysteriously. We were only waiting for a path so we could rush along it into the depths of the forest and find out what was there. And then the path came across.

Before we had time to take two hundred steps along it, the loud, angry yelp of a little dog stopped us. Not far away there was a forester's hut.

The forester invited us into the house and wanted to make arrangements for the table. But we said that we didn’t need anything and that we turned off the main road only to find out what kind of water was shining between the trees.

The water began about fifty steps from the threshold, but much lower than it, since the house stood on a hillock. The narrow boat we boarded was so light that under the weight of four people it sank into the water to the very edges. A lake of extraordinary beauty surrounded us. The dark green oaks and linden trees that overgrown the lake shores were clearly reflected in the still water. Rare and clear, like stars, white lily flowers rested on the water. Each flower was so sharply shaded by the blackness of the lake mirror that we usually noticed it two or three hundred meters away. (170 words)

(According to V. Soloukhin)

Contrary to my companion's prediction, the weather cleared and promised us a calm morning; round dances of stars intertwined in wonderful patterns in the distant sky and faded one after another as the pale glow of the east spread across the dark purple arch, illuminating the steep echoes of mountains covered with virgin forests.

To the right and to the left dark, mysterious abysses loomed black, and the fogs, swirling and writhing like snakes, slid there along the wrinkles of the neighboring rocks, as if sensing and fearing the approach of day. It was quiet in the sky and on the ground, only occasionally a cool wind came from the east, lifting the horses' manes covered with frost.

We set off; with difficulty five thin nags dragged our carts along the winding road to Mount Gud; we walked behind, placing stones under the wheels when the horses were exhausted. It seemed that the road led to the sky, because as far as the eye could see, it kept rising and finally disappeared into the cloud, which had been resting on the top of Mount Gud since the evening, like a kite awaiting prey. The snow crunched underfoot; the air became so thin that it was painful to breathe; blood constantly rushed into my head. (176 words)

(According to M. Lermontov)

No. 31 Warm evening

The warm, windless day has faded. Only far on the horizon, where the sun had set, the sky still glowed with crimson stripes, as if it had been smeared with broad strokes of a huge brush dipped in blood. Against this strange and menacing background, the jagged wall of the coniferous forest was clearly depicted as a rough, dark silhouette. And here and there the transparent round tops of bare birches sticking out above it seemed to be painted on the sky with light strokes of delicate greenish ink. A little higher up, the pink glow of the fading sunset, imperceptibly for the eyes, turned into a faint shade of faded turquoise...

The air had already darkened, and the trunk of each tree stood out in it. Sometimes you could hear an invisible beetle buzzing in a deep bass voice, flying somewhere very close, and how it, dryly plopping against some obstacle, immediately fell silent. Here and there silver threads of forest streams and swamps flashed through the thicket of trees. The frogs poured into them with their hasty, deafening screams; the toads echoed them with a rarer, melodic hoot. Sometimes a duck flew overhead with a timid quack, and you could hear a little snipe flying from place to place with a loud and short bleat. (177 words)

(According to A. Kuprin)

No. 32 Natural world

Maybe we should find out today, when it is important for a person to connect in his mind the latest data about elementary particles, about the “black holes” of the Universe with the snow-white daisies in forest glades, with the luxurious, pulsating constellations above his head, somewhere in the middle of the endless steppe.

(According to I. Akimushkin)

No. 33 Dear, cherished

With the sound of a heavy downpour, flashing with lightning, a thundercloud fell into the forests. There is still a rumble there, the short summer rain continues to fall. It became brighter all around, the sun's rays splashed after the cloud, and a seven-color rainbow appeared in half the sky over the forests.

For me, since childhood, it carries two mysteries. Firstly, where did this word come from - from the arc or from joy? Secondly, where and how can one find its base?

According to an old belief, there, at the foot of the rainbow, treasures of countless treasures are buried. Is that why it shimmers so brightly? Isn’t that the only reason it can make you smile? I thought what a blessing it would be to visit the cherished foothills! Only at no time has there been a person who has been there.

A lot has changed over the years. I haven't been looking for the bottom of the rainbow for a long time. I know for sure that the rainbow rests on its native land, rich in countless treasures. That is why its tints are bright, and that is why there is an echo of joy in its very name.

Much changes, but the rainbow remains the same. And it doesn't fade. Just as beautiful as in her childhood years. This is happiness. (160 words)

(According to F. Polenov)

At night, the fog thickened so much that nothing could be seen ten steps away, as if everything had been drowned in milk. The ship stopped near a large ice field, and everyone except the watchmen slept peacefully.

In the morning the fog began to spread slightly. It gradually disappeared, carried south, and the ice fields rustled and also began to move. A free passage opened up ahead, and the ship sailed to the northeast, but slowly, so as not to collide with ice floes and to stop or turn aside in time. The sun, which had been shining since midday, although intermittently, by evening was hidden in a shroud of fog that had moved onto the ship.

This night was less calm than the previous one: a light wind blew, the ice fields moved, pressing against each other, cracking and breaking.

The swirling fog made it impossible to distinguish the path, and we had to be on guard so as not to be trapped by ice floes.

The day also passed in great tension: in the morning the wind increased and the fog dispersed, but the ice began to move. Fortunately, the outskirts of the ice fields were badly broken, there were no icebergs, and only sometimes ridges of shallow ice, piled up in places on the fields, posed a serious danger. (167 words)

(According to V. Obruchev)

Historicisms are words and phrases that denoted objects and phenomena of real life that once existed. For example: serf, smerd, cadet and others. Objects are a thing of the past; words are no longer used.

Changes in social life remove many words from the active vocabulary, but they are immediately remembered as soon as we look into the past. Therefore, works on history cannot do without historicisms: not everything in the past can be called in today’s words. So, the boyars as a class went down in history, and in this very history they can only be called by this word.

Naturally, historicisms also come to mind in fiction when it turns to history. Replacing them with modern words is simply illiterate. So, today we will not call a Sagittarius a soldier, a quitrent - a tax, a quarterly - a district policeman.

Historicisms, unlike archaisms, do not have synonyms. Archaisms always have quite modern-sounding synonyms: sail - sail, cheeks - cheeks. Archaisms, being synonyms of commonly used words, express, as is typical for synonyms, a variety of additional shades. They serve to create the flavor of the era, to characterize a character, and are used as a stylistic means in journalism. (165 words)

(According to P. Klubkov)

Among the many wild herbs existing in nature, we remember nettle for the rest of our lives from the very first touch of its leaves, which burn the skin. We consider it a weed, the lush thickets of which have to be destroyed every year. Meanwhile, this plant has long served man: its long bast fibers were once used to make paper, weave ropes and fishing gear.

Nettle is a valuable plant. In folk medicine, an infusion made from it is used, which improves the composition of the blood; rinse your mouth with a decoction of the roots to strengthen your gums; It is rubbed into the head for hair loss.

It is recommended to collect nettle for medicinal purposes during its flowering: during this period, the largest amount of biologically active substances accumulates in the plant. In the spring, when the body's reserves of vitamins are depleted, salads made from the tender tops of nettles are useful. They are first washed under running hot water, then rubbed with your fingers to get rid of the stinging needles.

Nettle can be harvested for the winter, for which it is dried in the shade and ground into powder, which is then added to food. Another useful tip: if you want to preserve meat or fish on a hot summer day, cover it tightly with nettle leaves. (172 words)

(Based on materials from the magazine)

Our rook lived freely, walking around near the dacha. There was no end to his tricks. From the house he carried everything he could carry: thimbles, scissors, small tools, although he knew very well that it was impossible to steal.

He played pranks when no one was looking, and always croaked displeasedly and hurriedly flew away if he was caught in the act. Having flown to a safe distance, he observed from afar what impression his mischief made.

Rrach especially closely followed the work of the artist’s wife, who was fond of gardening and worked a lot in the garden. If plants were being grafted and the grafting site was wrapped with insulating tape, he unwound it and, satisfied, hurriedly left.

But, in spite of everything, it was impossible not to love him: he accompanied, flying from branch to branch, the owners if they went for a walk, flew over the boat if they were riding along the river. He never missed lunchtime, patiently waiting for someone to give him something tasty, and if he was full, he hid the tasty morsels in reserve: he put them in his shoes, under the closet or in other secluded places. Having eaten, the rook sat on someone's shoulder or head, while trying to carefully wipe its beak on the hair. (176 words)

(According to A. Komarov)

If you constantly work at your desk in your office, you create your own order to which you get used. You know where and what book is on your table and where your pen and pencil are. Reach out your hand and take what you need. This is your order and cannot be changed.

This is where the magpie comes in. Anyone who has ever kept a pet magpie in their home knows what it is...

The white-sided magpie is a very beautiful bird: its tail has a reddish and greenish metallic sheen, its head is jet black, and there are white spots on its sides. She has a cheerful personality, but she has two remarkable abilities: she is curious and she has an irresistible passion for accumulating wealth.

Every thing, especially something shiny, attracts her attention, and she tries to hide it somewhere away. Everything: a teaspoon, a silver ring, a button - she instantly grabs it and, despite the screams, flies away, diligently hiding the stolen item somewhere.

Our magpie liked to hide things out of sight. She apparently believed that a well-hidden item would last longer, and so from time to time something would go missing from the house. (168 words)

(According to A. Komarov)

When rivers and lakes are covered with ice, the last flocks of birds fly away. Autumn flights take place slowly. It seems that the birds are in no hurry to leave their native places, staying for a long time where there is a lot of food. In the spring, they fly non-stop, as if afraid of being late for the beginning of summer.

The flights of birds aroused surprise among ancient peoples. They did not know where and why the birds undertake such risky journeys. Much about bird flight still remains unclear to scientists.

The autumn migration seems justified: with the onset of winter, the birds cannot get food from under the snow. In winter, the north is hungry: insects are hiding, and the supply of wild berries is not unlimited. True, many birds live here without flying anywhere, and even in severe frosts they do not look unhappy. Apparently, some birds could adapt to our conditions.

It is believed that the homeland of our migratory birds is the north. It's hard to say what attracts them here. Perhaps an abundance of seasonal food, which allows the chicks to be fed throughout the long daylight hours. Probably, birds during the breeding season need a calm environment, and the small population of our northern tundras and forests, where there is no such turmoil as in Africa, creates these conditions for them. (176 words)

(From the magazine “Young Naturalist”)

Winter, moving from the north, captured new spaces. Everything: roads and villages, forests and steppes were covered with deep snow.

On blizzard nights, when the forest giants groan, crackle and groan, when the sky merges with the earth and underground bells thump furiously, all living things try to hide in the calm: in houses where the fire flickers merrily in the stove, in holes and habitable nests, or even just under a spreading spruce, between its lower paws and the ground, still smelling of the leaves brought here in autumn. Snow covers the spruce paws in a thick layer, but between them and the ground there is free space, where it is light on a sunny day. A ray of sunshine will flash, and a stone fruit berry on a tall stem that happens to be there will flash with a glow.

Such a shelter is safe from any bad weather. A brown hare, or a black grouse, or a cunning fox, or other living creatures will huddle here and freeze, hide, and then doze off under the howl of a blizzard. At such a time, unknown forces begin to wander and live in a person, and bizarre, ghostly dreams bloom. And it is impossible to figure out where in them the understandable ends and what has no explanation begins and what comes in the rustling and light of the stars. (167 words)

(According to P. Proskurin)

Collection of dictations.

Preface

This collection of dictations is intended for 9th grade Russian language teachers in schools with Russian as the language of instruction and is compiled in accordance with the Russian language program.

Texts for dictations and assignments for them are given in accordance with the chronology of presentation of program topics in the school textbook and are intended to develop and activate literate writing skills in schoolchildren. Materials for dictations cover the following main program topics: “Complex sentence”, “Complex sentence”, “Complex sentence”, “Unionless sentence”, “Complex sentences with various types of connection”.

The structure of the topics does not imply the presentation of material according to a single list of types of dictations and a single quantitative indicator. The set of dictations and their total number on a specific educational topic are dictated by the nature and features of this program material, the degree of its complexity and volume.

Control dictations are texts of a generalizing nature. The section of test texts on the relevant program topic is not limited to one text: the teacher has the opportunity to choose to implement an individual approach to students.

The texts for dictations are taken from works of art of Russian and Kazakh literature, some from popular science publications, newspapers and magazines.

The topics of the texts are varied. It has cognitive, educational and educational significance.

Simple sentences

Bura is a male camel in Kazakh. The people have preserved a poetic legend about a prophetic camel that lived in the vicinity of Kokshetau. In normal times of peace, a handsome Bura grazed near Kokshetau - the Blue Mountain, drinking cool water from a forest lake. But the honeyed herbs did not dull his senses for a moment - the prophetic camel was the first to warn the approaching people's misfortune, and then he took off, like a tulpar, to the top of Kokshetau and with a mighty roar warned people about the impending danger.

Besides him, only the powerful Khan Ablai climbed to the impregnable peak in order to see for himself the borders of his possessions in the blue haze.

One day, Ablai’s son, the vain Kasimkhan, shot a camel in the heart with a bow. The mortally wounded Bura crawled to the living water of his beloved lake, and after death he became stone. To this day, not far from Yasnaya Polyana Bay you can see a granite rock resembling the outline of a Bactrian camel... (132 words)

(V. Mikhailov.)

Grammar tasks:

1. Write down ten phrases and determine the type of syntactic connection in them.

2. Find isolated and non-isolated agreed upon definitions in the text. State what they refer to.

The well-fed black horses bolted. Falling back, the coachman pulled on the reins with all his might. But the light steam-cart rolled along the edge of a steep ravine hanging over the Irtysh so quickly that it seemed like it was about to fall into the water. But the river was still far away. A wide clearing was brightening ahead. The coachman gently brought the horses to a calm trot and directed them along a level road along the high bank.

The river breathed with evening coolness, especially pleasant after the June daytime heat. Exhausted by the heat, the silent steppe rested. Sparkling with stars, the spacious Irtysh froze in a lazy slumber.

Soon the travelers saw the dense black forest of Polkvnichy Island - with an impenetrable wall it screened the lights of Semipalatinsk from them. But the distant barking of a dog could already be clearly heard. It grew louder and louder, and soon it was possible to distinguish the thick, hoarse bass of a large chain dog from the high-pitched squeal of a small mongrel.

Finally, the first friendly lights of the steppe city flashed. Having driven along a street of adobe houses with flat roofs, the coachman stopped his horse at the shabby gate of a low covered courtyard, quickly jumped off the box and pounded his whip on the blind gate. The rider, a tall, heavy man, got out of the cart.

A woman came out when she knocked. Through the narrow gap of the gate, she tried to make out the newcomers. But in the darkness of the night it was difficult to make out anything. (189 words)

(M. Auezov.)

Grammar tasks:

1. Indicate the grammatical basis of the sentences.

2. Indicate sentences with separate participial and adverbial phrases. Underline them as parts of the sentence.

Compound Sentences

“The Tale of Igor’s Campaign” fit into just a few pages of an ancient manuscript, but for two centuries the people of Rus', tormented by princely strife and attacks by nomads, remembered it and quoted wise patriotic lines by heart.

By the time of Igor’s campaign, who secretly led his squads to the Don and inadvertently lost his army and the honor of a commander, Rus' had broken up into several independent principalities. The feuds of the princes turned into bloody wars, and the nomadic tribes of the Polovtsians constantly raided Russian lands. They cut the ancient route “from the Varangians to the Greeks” and disrupted the economic ties of Rus' with the southern and eastern lands. Their raids were accompanied by the destruction of cities and the capture of residents, but the princes, who had lost their sense of patriotism, were unable, due to continuous rivalry, to deliver a decisive blow to the Polovtsians.

Chroniclers, as a rule, only recorded events, and only a few of them decided to evaluate individual actions of the princes. But none of the ancient Russian scribes rose, like the author of the Lay, to the heights of wise historical generalizations. The poem, however, was gradually forgotten, and only at the end of the 18th century, after the discovery of the only surviving copy, did it resound with renewed vigor. (166 words)

(B. Rybakov.)

Grammar tasks:

1. Find complex sentences with adversative conjunctions in the text and analyze them syntactically.

2. Indicate spelling patterns in words: tormented, carelessly, uniquely.

Raspberry Mountains.

The Raspberry Mountains are one of the best corners of the Northern Urals. They are not particularly tall, but this does not prevent them from forming the center of a huge mountain cluster. The ancient Bashkir name of these mountains was somehow lost, but they got their current name due to the fact that raspberries grow in abundance along the ridges. And such raspberries cannot be compared with forest raspberries, but when ripened in the sun, these mountain raspberries acquire a special taste. They say that in large quantities it can even intoxicate.

Raspberry Mountain offers a one-of-a-kind view. The mountain lakes alone can only be counted up to a hundred, and this gives the picture a very special character, as if some underground sea were covered by mountains. These lakes go far into the blessed Bashkir steppe. They are distinguished by their depth, beautifully broken coastline, mass of islands, clear water and, finally, the fact that they are all connected by channels, making up one huge reservoir from which rivers going into the steppe take water.

In general, the chain of mountain lakes constitutes the main beauty of the eastern slope of the Urals, being at the same time an inexhaustible supply of manpower. (176 words)

Grammar tasks:

1. Find a complex sentence, parse it syntactically, and make a diagram.

2. Identify morphemes in words: tell, torn, underground.

It's amazing to see April and June here at once. The smells of summer are behind me. And on Baikal it’s exactly like the Volga in flood. The same vast expanse of water, the same ice floes in herds.

The water of Lake Baikal, clear as a tear, does not tolerate garbage, and in stormy weather it throws wreckage of boats and snags onto the shore. Not a speck on the water!

The distant blue hills merge with the sunset stripes, and they are slowly obscured by the evening haze. (165 words)

(V. Peskov.)

Grammar tasks:

1. Find complex sentences with connecting conjunctions. Make diagrams.

2. Do a morphemic analysis of the word like spring.

...As far as the eye could see, ranks of Persian infantry were marching to the right and left. The first three ranks consisted of shield bearers and spearmen. They moved tightly, shoulder to shoulder, shield to shield - a living fortress bristling with long spears. Behind them are ranks of archers, and then sling throwers with light spears.

Behind the infantry, light Persian cavalry pranced on magnificent horses bred in sandy Arabia.

To the left, in the distance, the famous Lydian cavalry coiled like a boa constrictor - riders on horses covered with armor blankets, war chariots with sickle-axes on the side sides rumbled.

To the right and left of the hill where Cyrus stood, tens of thousands of “immortals” stretched out - the flower of the Persian army.

Cyrus turned his gaze to the enemy camp. The camp of the Queen of the Massagetae was located on the flat top of a mountain, the foot of which was surrounded by a wide ditch, and the slopes were studded with sharpened stakes. The camp itself was ringed with tightly packed carts. In the center stood a spacious green tent, and next to it a yurt covered with snow-white felt. Tomiris, as a true nomad, preferred to live in a yurt, and the tent served as the royal residence. The rest of the camp was allocated for yurts, tents, huts for military leaders and warriors. Many were housed in tents that served as the fortress wall of the camp. (176 words)

(B. Zhandarbekov)

Grammar tasks:

1. Find complex sentences in the text and analyze them for syntax and punctuation.

2. Sort out the words according to their composition: shield-bearers, girded, preferred.

Complex sentences

At eighteen it is impossible to be settled, and one day you will suddenly feel an irresistible desire to come into contact with the unknown, the unknown.
How wonderful it is in the evening to climb up the trembling ship's ladder onto the festively lit deck and join the noisy crowd of passengers who say goodbye to the land and go to sea, to some new, amazing, incomparable life.

When the steamer began to hum with a trumpet voice, and the deck began to tremble from the work of the machines hidden in the hold, the dark water boiled at the sides, with orange oil stains, with light reflections, the shore suddenly shuddered and, slowly turning around, began to move away with a dark crowd of mourners on the pier. The port lights floated, misty, running further and further into the continent, turning yellow there, in the distance, and the cheerful stars began to approach, some seemed to hang right on the yards, and they could be picked off like a butterfly by hand.

And suddenly there was a breath of freedom, salty coolness, and the Black Sea looked straight into your eyes.

(A. Chekhov.)

Grammar task:

Perform a syntactic analysis of one of the complex sentences. Make a diagram.

On the third day, the ascent along the snow plain became more noticeable, and more cracks appeared, which slowed down the movement. I had to walk carefully, feeling the snow, so as not to fall through the thin layer of it hiding the cracks.

In the north, the clouds dispersed, driven away by the wind, and between their gray wisps mountains appeared and disappeared, stretching in a long chain across the entire horizon. Rocky spurs blackened against their snow-white background. The never-setting sun rolled over the very crest of the ridge, shining dimly through the veil of clouds and turning them reddish. The snow plain in the foreground was covered with spots and stripes, reflected from the sky, of bluish and pink color. The overall picture of the snowy desert and the mysterious ridge, which first appeared before the eyes of travelers, was amazing.

The ascent to this ridge lasted for three days due to strong ice cracks. The ice stream, that is, the glacier that descended along the valley of the southern slope of the ridge, was up to a kilometer wide and bordered on both sides by steep dark slopes,

covered with snow. (148 words)

(V. Obruchev)

Grammar tasks:

1. Find complex sentences with attributive clauses. Perform parsing. Make diagrams.

Creaky floorboards

The house has dried out from old age. He stood in a clearing in a pine forest, and the pine trees radiated heat all summer.

Tchaikovsky liked this wooden house. The rooms smelled faintly of turpentine and white carnations, which bloomed in abundance in front of the porch. Disheveled and dried out, they resembled shreds of fluff stuck to the stems.

The only thing that irritated the composer was the creaky floorboards. To get from the door to the piano, you had to step over five rickety floorboards. From the outside it must have looked funny when the elderly composer made his way to the piano, peering at the floorboards with narrowed eyes.

Sometimes at night, waking up, Tchaikovsky heard one or the other floorboard crackling and singing. It was reminiscent of an orchestra before an overture, when the orchestra members were tuning their instruments. Now in the attic, now in a small hall, now in the glassed-in hallway, someone was touching the strings. Tchaikovsky caught the melody in his sleep, but when he woke up in the morning, he forgot it. He strained his memory and sighed. What a pity that the night tinkling of a wooden house cannot be played now! Play a simple song of a parched tree, window panes with fallen putty, the wind knocking a branch on the roof.

But someday he will embody all this in his music. (174 words)

(K. Paustovsky)

Grammar tasks:

1. Sort the words according to their composition: lose, made his way, knocked.

2. Underline the subordinate clause in the IPP in the first three paragraphs.

If nature could feel gratitude to man for penetrating her secret life and singing its beauty, then, first of all, this gratitude would fall to the lot of the writer Prishvin.

In the guards’ guardhouses, in the fog-shrouded river floodplains, under the clouds and stars of the Russian field sky, they simply called him “Mikhalych.” And, obviously, they were upset when this amazing man, memorable at first glance, disappeared into the cities, where only swallows, nesting under iron roofs, reminded him of the vastness of his “crane homeland.”

Prishvin's life is proof that a person should always strive to live according to his calling. This way of life contains the greatest common sense, because a person who lives in complete harmony with his inner world is always a creator, an enricher and an artist.

Prishvin's books, in his own words, are “the endless joy of constant discoveries.” He could write a whole poem about every leaf flying from a tree, revealing something interesting and significant in every little thing.

We are grateful to Prishvin, who revealed to us the beauty of our land, sparkling under his pen among the fogs and smoldering sunsets . (162 words)

(K. G. Paustovsky)

Grammar tasks:

1. Indicate the meanings of subordinate clauses, the means of connecting them with the main thing in a complex sentence: the first sentence (option 1), the second sentence (option 2). Make a diagram. 2. Highlight the grammatical basics: in the first sentence of the third paragraph (option 1); in the first sentence of the fourth paragraph (option 2). Indicate how the main terms are expressed.

Every year, one of the most famous flower gardens in the world, located in Denmark, hosts an exhibition of tulips. The homeland of tulips is Türkiye, and not Holland, as many people think.

The tulip, whose cup resembles a turban, originally grew as a wild flower, then for centuries was used in Turkish art as a decorative element. In the capital of the Ottoman Empire, huge gardens planted with tulips were created.

The first bulbs of the precious flower were brought to Europe by travelers and diplomats. When a tulip arrived on the continent, people fell passionately in love with it and became a cult. It reached its peak of fame in the seventeenth century, when one flower bulb was equal to the cost of a painting or sculpture by a famous master. The tulip was considered one of the wonders of nature, which should be represented in the garden of every self-respecting collector.

The Dutch began to grow it with such diligence that, in a sense, they appropriated this flower for themselves. The search for the rarest tones and shades, including the mythical black (blue and black tulips do not exist in nature), incredible experiments to obtain hybrid varieties - this is only part of the legendary story, the hero of which is this delicate flower. (163 words)

(Based on materials from the magazine)

Grammar tasks:

1. Indicate the meanings of subordinate clauses, the means of connecting them with the main thing in a complex sentence: the first sentence (option 1), the seventh sentence (option 2). Make a diagram. 2. Highlight the grammatical basics: in the third sentence of the third paragraph (option 1); in the first sentence of the fourth paragraph (option 2). Indicate how the main terms are expressed.

...It was the young poet Khisameddin’s own composition, in which he praised the venerable ancestors of the glorious Ilanchik in an ancient fairy-tale manner.

Khisameddin was a native of Syganak, which is south of Otrar, at the very mouth of the Inzhu. There, on the streets gray with dust, where he selflessly chased mangy dogs and where boring mullahs from madrasahs more than once dragged him by the ears, the future poet spent his childhood. From an early age he bowed to the sages. Having barely learned Arabic, he began to compose poems, scratching a quill pen on paper. Soon the name of the young poet became popular. He is now a little over one and a half mushel, his bones are not yet strong, and his body is tender and smooth, like a young, milky calf. The forehead is high, the nose is convex with a small hump, the face is narrow and oblong. He always sits in a motionless position, stooping and slightly hanging his head. Very polite, rarely looks his interlocutor in the eyes. And now he thoughtfully stared at his knee, his entire appearance reminiscent of a young, well-fed hawk, blissfully basking in the rays of the sun on a thorny chingil bush . (163 words)

(D. Doszhan)

Grammar task:

Write down complex sentences, determine the type of subordinate clauses. Make diagrams.

Non-union proposals

folk song

The Kazakh people are rich in songs. These songs capture the centuries-old history of the people, their hopes, grief and joy, their thoughts and dreams. The song sounded everywhere: in the endless Kazakh steppe, at noisy fairs and bazaars, in smoky yurts. In freedom and behind bars. The life of a nomad was unthinkable without song. The vociferous zhigit opened the door with a ringing, jubilant song, with a song they greeted the birth of a child, with a song they saw off people on their last journey. When giving a girl in marriage, they sang the wedding “Zhar-Zhar”; on the days of Muslim festivals, “Zharapazan” was heard behind every yurt.

The attitude of the Kazakh people to the song is expressed in the sayings: “The song is the decoration of the horseman,” “If you are smart, listen to the song.” The great Abai spoke well about the meaning of the song in the life of the Kazakhs:

The song opened the door to the world for you.

The song accompanied the ashes to the ground, mourning.

Singers, akyns-improvisers, musicians enjoyed honor and respect: they were welcome guests, favorites of the people.

Kazakh folk song has long attracted the attention of Russian research scientists. They spoke with constant warmth and admiration about the song culture of the Kazakh people. At the beginning of the century, they recorded individual Kazakh songs on notes. (167 words.)

(L. Mailybaeva.)

Grammar task:

Write out a complex non-union sentence. Emphasize the grammatical basics of the sentences. Make a diagram.

Kusaka rushed for a long time in the footsteps of the people who had left, ran to the station and - wet and dirty - returned back. Here she did something that no one, however, saw: she went up onto the terrace and, rising on her hind legs and looking into the glass door, scratched with her claws. The rooms were empty, and no one answered Kusaka.

It began to rain frequently, and the darkness of the autumn night began to approach from everywhere. Quickly and silently he filled the empty dacha; he silently crawled out of the bushes and poured down with the rain from the inhospitable sky. On the terrace, from which the canvas had been removed, making it seem strangely empty, the light sadly illuminated the traces of dirty feet for a long time, but soon he too gave in.

And, when there was no longer any doubt that night had fallen, the dog howled pitifully. A ringing note, sharp as despair, burst into the monotonous sound of rain, cutting through the darkness, and, fading, rushed over the naked fields.

And to those who heard him, it seemed that the hopeless dark night itself was groaning and striving for light, and they wanted to go into warmth, to a bright fire, to a loving heart. (160 words.)

(L. Andreev.)

Grammar task:

I have a treasured place in the Moscow region - a forest clearing far from the roads.
It is especially good here in early autumn. Thrushes fly to the rowan trees to feed, hedgehogs rustle in the dry blackberry leaves, and most importantly, moose come here in the fall. It took me a while to figure out why in the evening I almost always see two or three moose here. One day everything became clear: they came to munch on apples. The clearing ends in an abandoned garden filled with red weeds. It is unknown who and when forgot the planted garden. The trees in it have degenerated, and only branches growing from the roots bear fruit. It seems that there were no hunters for unbearably sour apples in the forest, but one day, sitting down at the edge of the garden, I heard apples crunching on someone’s teeth. I stood up and saw: one elk, lifting his head, grabbed apples with his soft lip, the other was collecting apples lying on the ground.
Our memory stores such pictures as a medicine in case of mental fatigue. How many times after a hard day did I come to my senses and, calmed down, fall asleep, I just had to close my eyes and remember the rowan trees with blackbirds scurrying around in them, the smell of mushrooms and two moose chewing sour apples... (165 words)

(V. Peskov)

Grammar task:

1. Write out a complex non-union sentence. Determine the semantic relationships between sentences. Perform parsing.

One morning I went out onto the porch and froze in amazement: yesterday’s black soil had turned golden overnight. A pale yellow light rose from the ground, covered with leaves.
Indian summer has begun. The days seemed to become brighter and cleaner. The air, grass, dry branches - everything was covered with a tenacious web that stretched from west to east (as the autumn winds blow), and every morning thousands of little spiders, like fairy-tale weavers, covered the entire earth with their yarn.

The icy sky at night shone with constellations: Sirius sparkled in the deep water of the lakes, like a blue diamond; Saturn rose above the silence of the pine forests in the autumn twilight; Jupiter was setting in the meadows beyond the Oka River, where the grass was already withering and the hayfields, abandoned and unnecessary in the fall, were turning black. Sometimes at midnight the timid rain whispered in the leafy garden. I went out onto the threshold, listening to the sleepy muttering of the rain, and felt sorry for my dear friends who remained in Moscow, because they could not enjoy this picture.
At night I dreamed of green water covered with linden and birch leaves. Suddenly the leaves came to life, turning into golden flat fish, and scattered across the water with splashes and splashes, frightened by the reflection of the pale sun. (172 words)

(K. Paustovsky)

Grammar tasks:

1. Write out complex non-union sentences. Determine their meaning. Do the parsing.

2. Do a word-formation analysis of the word haymaking.

Complex sentences with different types of connections

If fate ever makes you happy, and in the summer you go down to a swamp, and then along a narrow bridge you cross a river overgrown with sedges and water lilies with the gentle name Konoplyanochka, then at the edge of a small forest you will hear a restless melodic murmur.

It is always different: at dawn, under the quilted fog, the sounds are quieter, softer, more meek than on a sunny hot day, when the water, diluted with the heavenly blue, becomes azure, more transparent, and seems more resonant. The wind sweeps over the forest - the stream calms down and hides. And when the water surface is touched by trickles of rain, the music of the stream cannot be described, it is so beautiful in the autumn weather. When the trees drop golden leaves onto the water, the murmur can be heard both of the sad melodies of parting with summer, and of cheerful chants about the magical need for winter rest before the riot of the coming spring.

The stream gurgles to the delight of everyone. And maybe that’s why he has such a beautiful name – Zhurcheyok. (136 words.)

(P. Dudochkin.)

Grammar tasks:

1. Identify morphemes in words: hear, unique, fade away.

2. Outline a complex sentence "When trees fall..."

3. Highlight the grammatical basics in 1 sentence.

Magic colors.

How can you make simple colors become magical and so that they make people happy and not bring them misfortune? The kind boy took out a brush and began to paint. He painted on the second, and on the third, and on the fourth day. He painted until he ran out of paints, of which he had a lot. Then he asked for new ones.

Many, many years have passed. The boy did not notice how he became an artist. He painted everything that was around, and what no one had ever seen: airplanes that looked like huge arrows, and ships that looked like airplanes, air bridges and palaces made of glass.

Everyone admired his drawings. The paintings were so good that people wanted to revive them,

Glass palaces, air bridges, and winged ships appeared. When what was drawn on paper began to come to life, everyone saw how beautiful the world was. This happens to everything touched by the hands of the greatest of the greatest wizards - the hands of a hardworking, persistent person. . (150 words)

(E. Permyak)

Grammar tasks:

1. Make a diagram of the 1st sentence, indicate the type of connection.

2. Parse the eighth sentence.

Andrey Rublev

For long hours, Andrei is left alone with his teacher Daniil Cherny, who reveals the secrets of painting to the young artist.

Daniel, apparently, was a painter of the first magnitude. However, his greatest merit is that he not only saw Rublev’s talent, but also nurtured in him independent creative thought and manner, and did not suppress him with his authority, understanding that everyone must follow their own path. To do this means to show a truly great mind, amazing respect for the individual, and an inexhaustible love for life. After all, it is not easy for a master to come to terms with the fact that his own student starts arguing with you, and not only not to make an attempt to cut him off, but to encourage him in every possible way to continue this dispute.

Rublev was lucky that such a sincere and experienced senior comrade was next to him from the very first steps. Andrei appreciated this and carefully carried his gratitude and respect for his teacher throughout his life.

From that distant time, a miniature has been preserved in which Rublev is depicted with his head held high. The unknown author saw in Rublev not pride, which in Rus' was considered the greatest sin, but dignity worthy of respect . (167 words)

(V. Pribytkov)

Grammar task:

The Raevsky family experienced happy moments in their lives: the famous General Raevsky, a happy father and charming interlocutor, was full of strength and energy; sons, whose names thundered throughout Russia, were preparing for a great future; lovely, well-educated and intelligent daughters brought an atmosphere of romantic femininity. What awaited the family in the future: bitterness from the failed life of the family's darling - the eldest son Alexander, the heroic and tragic fate of Maria, the death of the general himself, who until the last minute did not let go of the portrait of his daughter, who left for Siberia after her Decembrist husband - all this did not even remotely occur to the participants of this joyful journey. Here the atmosphere of mutual love prevailed, which Pushkin, in his own words, never enjoyed and which he so craved. Pushkin was accepted into this circle as a member of the family, as one of their own. The girls' daughters were younger than him and were also eager to feel like adults, and the general himself had a lot of that childish simplicity that happens in truly smart people. The world of the Raevskys attracted Pushkin with love and happiness.

The poet's stay in the Raevsky family, despite its brevity (only a few weeks), played a huge role in the life and poetry of Pushkin. (185 words)

(Yu. Lotman)

Grammar task:

1. Write down two complex sentences with different types of connections. Determine the leading connection in multi-component sentences. Make diagrams.