Musical questions: what, where, when. Musical quiz game "Let's color the world with songs and flowers"

It happens that at school, as homework, they are asked to compose. This, in general, is not a tricky matter, however, this problem can be solved even easier if you use a special program for composing crossword puzzles.

In this article I will show you a simple example musical crossword, and I’ll tell you how easy it is to make one yourself. I compiled a crossword puzzle on music taking into account the school curriculum - the questions are downright simple.

When you compose a musical crossword yourself, in order not to rack your brains coming up with words and questions, just open your school notebook and use the notes you made in class. Various terms, names of works, musical instruments, names of composers, etc. will work for this work.

Example of a musical crossword

Here's the crossword puzzle I came up with, try to solve it:

Horizontal questions:

1. The title of the famous play by I.S. Bach for flute.
2. The founder of Russian classical music.
3. An orchestral introduction to an opera or ballet, sounded just before the start of the performance.
4. An ensemble of four musicians, as well as the name of one famous fable by I.A. Krylova.
5. For example, Mozart has a work for choir, soloists and orchestra, a funeral mass.
6. A percussion musical instrument, with a tremolo (this is a playing technique) of which Haydn's 103rd symphony begins.
7. The name of the ballet by P.I. Tchaikovsky on a New Year's theme, in which the tin soldier fights the mouse king.
8. Musical and theatrical genre, in which such works as “Ruslan and Lyudmila” by M.I. were written. Glinka, “The Queen of Spades” by P.I. Tchaikovsky.
9. Low male voice.
10. One of the “whales” in music: dance, march and...?
11. A musician who conducts a symphony orchestra.
12. Belarusian song-dance about potatoes.
13. A musical instrument whose name is made up of Italian words meaning “loud” and “quiet.”
14. Opera epic N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov about the guslar and the sea princess Volkhov.

Vertical questions:

1. A musical interval connecting two adjacent steps.
2. Austrian composer, author of the song “Evening Serenade”.
3. A sign in musical notation that indicates the sound is lowered by a semitone.
4. An ensemble of three instrumentalists or singers.
5. The name of the composer who opened the first conservatory in Russia.
6. Who wrote the series “Pictures at an Exhibition”?
7. The dance that underlies Strauss's play On the Beautiful Blue Danube.
8. A piece of music for a solo instrument and orchestra, in which the orchestra and soloist seem to compete with each other.
9. The musical style to which the work of I.S. belongs. Bach and G.F. Handel.
10. Austrian composer who wrote "Little Night Serenade" and "Turkish March".
11. Polish national dance, for example, in Oginski’s play “Farewell to the Motherland.”
12. A great German composer who wrote many fugues, and he is also the author of the St. Matthew Passion.
13. Consonance of three or more sounds.

Answers

Horizontally:

1. Joke 2. Glinka 3. Overture 4. Quartet 5. Requiem 6. Timpani 7. Nutcracker 8. Opera 9. Bass 10. Song 11. Conductor 12. Bulba 13. Piano 14. Sadko

Vertically:

1. Second 2. Schubert 3. Flat 4. Trio 5. Rubinstein 6. Mussorgsky 7. Waltz 8. Concerto 9. Baroque 10. Mozart 11. Polonaise 12. Bach 13. Chord

How to make a crossword on music?

Now I’ll tell you a little about how I made this miracle. Helped me program for creating crosswords entitled Crossword Creator. It is free, very easy to find on the Internet and install (weighs about 20 MB - that is, not much). Before I started this program, I tried a number of others. This one seemed the best to me.

As you can see, I didn’t include many words for guessing in my musical crossword puzzle - only 27. You can use any number of words. The list of required words is simply entered into the program window, which itself then distributes them vertically and horizontally and beautifully crosses them.

All we have to do is choose a design style, and then download the finished crossword puzzle. Moreover, you can download several necessary files at once: a crossword puzzle without answers, or one with filled-in cells, a list of all answers, and a list of questions. True, the questions are taken from different dictionaries, so most likely the questionnaire will have to be adjusted. For the music crossword example I showed you, I wrote the questions by hand.

Now a very important point. How to output the crossword itself into a graphic file? There is no separate function for exporting to other formats in the Crossword Creator program. Essentially, we just copy the image and then paste it wherever we want. It is best to paste it into some graphic editor: Photoshop, for example. The easiest way is in standard Paint, or you can directly in Word, in the same file where you have the questions.

One technical point. After the picture is inserted into the graphic editor, click "Save as", then enter the name and ( important!) select the format. The fact is that in Paint the default bitmap is bmp, and Photoshop has its own format, but it is most profitable for us to save the image in JPEG format, so we select it.

Conclusion.

Your music crossword is ready. Thank you for attention. If you find this material “useful for society,” please send it to “Contact”, “My World” or somewhere else - there are buttons for this right under this text. See you again!

1. Which composer’s last name in Russian sounds like part of a plant? ( Answer. F. Liszt - Hungarian composer)

2. What do you call a musician who plays the tuba? ( Answer. tuba player)

3. In which hand is the bow held when playing bowed musical instruments (violin, viola, cello, bowed double bass)? ( Answer. In the right hand)

4. What types of trees are the top and bottom of a violin made from? ( Answer. The top is made of spruce, the bottom is made of maple)

5. Which ancient Russian singer is named after one of the musical instruments? ( Answer. Accordion)

6. What songbird is named after one of the works by composer A.A. Alyabyev (1787-1851)? ( Answer."Nightingale")

7. How is sound produced on a flute? ( Answer. Air jet through a hole specially provided for this purpose)

8. What is the name of the wooden stand for strings in stringed musical instruments? ( Answer. filly)

9. What is the name of the device for producing sound on brass instruments? ( Answer. Mouthpiece)

10. What is the name of the device for holding the violin with the chin when playing? ( Answer: Chin pad)

11. What is the name of the device embedded in the back wall of the violin body? ( Answer. Button)

12. What is the name of the device used to produce sound on woodwind instruments (clarinet, oboe, saxophone, bassoon)? Why is this device called that? ( Answer. A cane is a device made of thin reed (bamboo) plates (bamboo, reeds are shaped like canes, canes))

13. What is the name of a musician or singer who plays or sings accompanied by an orchestra or choir? ( Answer. Soloist)

14. What do you call a musician who plays the xylophone, drum, and cymbals? ( Answer. Drummer)

15. What do you call a musician who plays the piano? ( Answer. A musician who plays the piano (piano or grand piano) is called a pianist)

16. What is the name of a musician who plays the trumpet? ( Answer. Trumpeter)

17. What are the musicians in the orchestra called? ( Answer. Orchestras)

18. What are the members of the choir called? ( Answer: Choristers)

19. What are the sides of a violin that connect both soundboards into the body called? ( Answer. Shells or barrels)

20. What are the names of the beautiful figured holes on the top soundboard (the soundboard is the upper plane of the instrument body) of a violin, viola, cello and bowed double bass? ( Answer. Efs (reminiscent of the Latin letter “f” - ef))

21. What are the rods for winding and tuning strings in stringed musical instruments called? ( Answer. Pegs)

22. What is the elevation above the strings called in stringed musical instruments (violin, guitar, etc.) so that they do not touch the fingerboard? ( Answer. threshold)

23. Which part of a musical instrument and which bird are called the same? ( Answer. Grif)

24. What instruments were the ancestors of the piano? ( Answer. Harpsichord and clavichord, which were gradually replaced by the piano)

25. What clefs, besides treble and bass, are used in music nowadays? ( Answer. Alto, tenor, horn)

26. What one word did contemporaries call all the members of the “Mighty Handful”? ( Answer."Kuchkists")

27. Which instrument is larger in size - a cello or a bowed double bass? ( Answer. double bass)

28. Which instrument is larger - a violin or a viola? ( Answer. Alto)

29. What instrument is called ROOTS in Italian? ( Answer. French horn)

30. What instrument is called BOTH in Italian? ( Answer. Oboe)

31. Which composer wrote the most symphonies? ( Answer. Joseph Haydn (more than 100 symphonies))

32. Which brass orchestral instrument does not have valves (buttons)? ( Answer. Trombone)

33. Who finished A.P. Borodin’s opera “Prince Igor”, which he did not have time to finish? ( Answer. N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov and A.K. Glazunov)

34. Who is a conductor and who is a regent? ( Answer. Conductor - manager of an orchestra, choir, opera or ballet performance. The regent is the conductor of the church choir)

35. Both instruments are called by the same word “piano”. What is the name of each of them? ( Answer. Piano and grand piano)

36. How many white and black keys does the piano have? ( Answer. 88)

37. How many musicians are there in a large symphony orchestra? ( Answer. 100 people)

38. How many strings do the instruments have: a) balalaika; b) domra; c) violins; d) bowed double bass; e) guitars? ( Answer. a) three, b) four, c) four, d) four, e) six or seven)

39. How many tones are there in a tritone? ( Answer. Three tones)

40. How many participants can there be in a professional mixed choir? ( Answer. 100-200 people)

41. Which composer’s surname in Russian resembles the name of a dairy product? ( Answer. B. Smetana - Czech composer)

42. How do the wind instruments cornet and trumpet differ from each other? ( Answer. The structure of the keyboard, its size (the cornet is shorter) and its sound (the trumpet has a more solemn sound))

43. How do pianos and grand pianos differ from each other? ( Answer. The piano has the shape of a cabinet, and the strings in it are arranged vertically, and the grand piano has the shape of a table on three legs, and the frame with the strings is located horizontally in it.)

44. What is a clavier? ( Answer. This is an arrangement of an orchestral piece, opera, etc. for piano.)

45. What is an opus? ( Answer. This word is Latin and means a “collection” of essays under their serial numbers)

46. ​​What is a synthesizer? ( Answer. A synthesizer is an electronic musical instrument that creates (synthesizes) sound using one or more sound wave generators. The required sound is achieved by changing the properties of the electrical signal (in analog synthesizers) or by adjusting the parameters of the central processor (in digital synthesizers). A synthesizer made in the form of a case with a keyboard is called a keyboard synthesizer. A synthesizer in the form of a case without a keyboard is called a synthesizer module and is controlled from a MIDI keyboard or other device. If a keyboard synthesizer is equipped with a built-in sequencer, it is called a workstation. A synthesizer in the form of a computer program that uses a universal sound card for scoring and standard input-output means (computer keyboard, mouse, monitor) is called a software synthesizer.)

How to increase interest in knowledge in our age? How to instill in children a desire to know more and more? These questions undoubtedly concern every teacher. It is gratifying that interesting programs for developing the mind have begun to appear on television, but they are not enough. Therefore, I believe that it is necessary, using various forms, to play the erudite. I would like to see our students as smart and witty children. Let them show off their talent and their knowledge of music.

This is not the first time that a musical game has been held at our school. It can be carried out during the school subject ten-day period, at the end of the topic of the semester or year. In this article I offer an example of a musical game “What? Where? When?" on the topic “In the world of musical instruments” for 7th grade students.

Goals and objectives:

• Expand your understanding of musical instruments;
• encourage students to independently acquire knowledge in the field of music; help to demonstrate your own erudition and ingenuity, as well as creative abilities;
• contribute to the formation of the spiritual culture of schoolchildren, the development of communicative qualities of the individual.

Lesson equipment: screen, projector, envelopes with questions, playing field, spinning top, images of musical instruments, paper, markers, table with scores, “black box”.

Characters: presenter, team of “experts”, team of “TV viewers”. The teacher acts as a presenter, selects a team of “experts” (5-6 people), the rest of the students act as “TV viewers”, participate in the game and comment on the questions. Students who independently prepared questions included in the game also take places among the “TV viewers.”

Opening remarks by the presenter: Dear guys! Today's meeting will be unusual. We will hold a musical game “What? Where? When?". And it will be dedicated to musical instruments, which you already know a lot about thanks to music lessons and MHC, as well as independent acquaintance with them.

One of the outstanding guitarists of the last century once compared musical instruments to islands in the ocean of music. He considered the guitar his island. I will be happy if our meeting today helps you not only to navigate well in this sea and islands, but also to find your island in the ocean of sounds.

And now I will ask the team of experts to take their places at the gaming table.

(Musical intro: “What is our life?.. A game!”)

Host: Dear experts, I remind you that 12 envelopes with questions from our “TV viewers” ​​are laid out on the playing field. For one correct answer, the team receives 1 point. The count goes up to 6 points. Choose a team captain.

So, let's start the game!

(A gong is heard, which will sound before each round in the future. The team captain spins the top and selects one of the envelopes).

Round 1.

Presenter: In one minute you need to write in the frames the names of the musical instruments played by the heroes of books and fairy tales. ( Annex 1)

Answer: Orpheus played the cithara, Lel played the flute, Bayan and Sadko played the gusli, Sherlock Holmes played the violin, Gena the Crocodile played the accordion, Dunno played the tuba, Kobzar played the kobza.

Presenter: Attention to the screen. Dear experts, in 1 minute you must name the instrument shown on the screen, tell what material it is made of and how it is played. (Appendices 2, 3)

Answer: These are bagpipes. The air reservoir (fur, bag) is made of goatskin or calfskin, sometimes from an animal's bladder. Several tubes are inserted into it. Through one, air is pumped into the bag and it inflates like a balloon. Other tubes play sounds that accompany the melody. The sounds go on continuously, because... The piper holds the instrument under his arm and presses his elbow towards him.

Host: Different types of art have their own symbols, emblems, etc. You can see some of them on the screen (Appendix 4).

Dear experts, do you know what the emblem of musical art is? Draw it on paper in 1 minute.

Answer: This is a picture of a lyre. ( Appendix 5)

Presenter: Dear experts, here is an ancient manuscript of the 11th century (Appendix 6). In 1 minute you have to guess the riddle - what do these signs mean?

Answer: This ancient manuscript depicts the symbols of the medieval music notation system. These are neuromas. They indicate the ascending and descending movement of the melody, without determining the exact pitch of the sounds. From neumas later musical notations emerged.

Presenter: Attention! Listen to a piece of music. (Sounds “Habanera” by M. Ravel)

Composer M. Ravel commissioned the trumpet to perform this beautiful melody. Attention, question: name the object thanks to which the musician performing this melody achieves such a soft, “velvety” trumpet sound?

Answer: This item is a mute, which is inserted into the bell of a wind instrument. Thanks to this, its sound becomes muffled and soft.

Host: Look at the screen (Appendix 7). This musical instrument has existed for more than 2000 years. He alone can replace the choral and instrumental chapel. It is played with hands and even feet on special keyboards. In the hands of one performer it is a whole brass band. Attention, question: One of the journalists wrote about the organ that it is “wise, secretive and lonely.” Explain what he meant?

Answer: The organ is “wise” because it has absorbed the culture of thousands of years; “lonely” because it is the only keyboard-wind instrument; “hidden” because it cannot be seen in its entirety (we can only see its façade).

Question: What musical instrument did the family of Italian craftsmen named Stradivari become famous for making?

Answer: Violin.

Host: At different times, different nations called musicians differently. Take a look at this list (Appendix 8). Question: who is not a musician here? Cross out the extra:

Answer: A clown is not a musician .

Host: Dear experts, take a look at the screen. Here is an image of a hunting horn ( Appendix 9). It was blown as a signal during a hunt, army gathering, or some special event. In order for the sound to be heard over a long distance, the hunting horn had a huge length, sometimes 6-8 meters. It was extremely inconvenient to blow it. Attention, question: What solution did the musicians find, and what was the name of the new musical instrument?

Answer: A long hunting horn was “twisted” to form a French horn. (An image of a French horn appears on the screen. ( Appendix 10)

Host: You probably know the ancient Greek myth about the “musical competition” between Apollo and Pan. Let me remind you of it:

The god of the forests, Pan, challenged the god Apollo himself to a “musical competition.” After the gentle sounds of Pan's pipe, Apollo struck the golden strings of his cithara. The majestic sounds of his divine music flowed, a melody of wondrous beauty began to sound... When Apollo finished playing, the gods awarded him victory, and the saddened Pan retired into the thicket of the forests...

Thus, the ancient Greeks found that among all musical instruments, string instruments have the most beautiful, expressive, and most exciting sound.

Now attention question: Dear experts, tell me, how did the very first plucked string instrument come into being?

Answer: The first plucked string instrument arose from a hunting bow. As he pulled the bowstring, the hunter heard a pleasant, slowly fading sound. This is how the first plucked string instrument was born.

Presenter: Attention! Bring in the “black box”! (A “black box” is brought in to the music. It contains the following items: a comb, tissue paper, a tin jar, several peas, 2 pot lids, 2 wooden spoons). Dear experts, you need to build homemade musical instruments within 1 minute and demonstrate the sound of an “orchestra”.

Answer: experts demonstrate the sound of an “orchestra” - spoons, rattles, cymbals, harmonica.

Host: You have a Blitz tournament. Listen to the sound of a piece of music. (The play “Penzer Mystery” is performed by the Nenets ensemble “Syrasev”).

1. Name the musical instrument that played the music.
2. Explain its structure.
3. Who in Yamal was the direct owner of this musical instrument and why?

Answers:

Leading. Let's summarize our game. (Draws attention to the table with the score). There were no winners in our game today. The score is equal. Game over.

I hope you enjoyed it, because the game was not only informational, but also creative. I hope that the knowledge gained in this game will continue in your life. Thank you all for your participation. See you!

1. A song about the daily activities of children for 10-11 years.

(“What they teach at school”)

2. Song about a lonely beauty.

(“There was a birch tree in the field”)

3. The song is about a piece of land where bananas and coconuts grow and a lot of fun is had.

("Chunga-Changa")

4. A song about the tragic death of a small insect.

("In the grass Grasshopper sat")

5. The song is about a means by which one can overcome all difficulties.

(“If a friend meets a friend”)

6. A song about people whose home is a forest and whose life is a road.

("Song of Friends")

7. A song about bad weather on your birthday.

("Gena's Song")

Music quiz

The quiz involves two teams, which are asked to think over their name in advance, choose a motto and a captain.

Music plays (perhaps the screensaver for the “Guess the Melody” program). The host invites the teams to the stage and introduces the jury members.

Competition 1. “Guess the melody”

Leading. Now melodies from songs will sound. Your task is to recognize the song, pick it up and sing one verse.

1. “It’s fun to walk together” (music by V. Shainsky);

2. “Don’t tease the dogs” (music by E. Ptichkin);

3. “Golden Wedding” (music by R. Pauls);

4. “Winged swing” (music by E. Krylatov).

Competition 2. “Find the “extra” word”

Leading. Words are written on the board, find the odd one out.

1. Violin, trumpet, guitar, balalaika. (Pipe)

2. Bow, strings, baton, keys. (Strings, since the rest of the items are made of wood)

Competition 3. “Riddles”

Leading. I will ask riddles, and you must guess. Whoever does it faster will win.

Which instrument?

Are there strings and a pedal?

What is this? Undoubtedly

This is our sonorous... (Piano)

He looks like the accordion's brother,

Where there is fun, there he is.

I won't give any hints

Everyone knows... (Accordion)

Louder than a flute

Louder than violins

Our giant is louder than trumpets:

It is rhythmic, it is different -

Our cheerful... (Drum)

I put the pipe to my lips,

A trill flowed through the forest,

The instrument is very fragile

It's called... (Pipe)

Competition 4 “Three pillars”

Leading. You know that all music is built on three pillars: song, dance, march. Question to the team: what is the “whale” of this music? If you know, tell me what kind of piece of music it is and who its author is.

1. E. Doga. "Waltz" from the movie "My Tender and Tender Beast."

2. W. Mozart. "Lullaby".

3. M. Glinka. "Polka".

4. P. Tchaikovsky. "March of the Wooden Soldiers"

Competition 5 “For the best music expert”

Leading. Select one representative per team. His task is to read what is written on the poster.

While the guys are getting ready, the next competition is taking place.

Competition 6. “Musical words”

Leading. To participate in this competition, you just need to know the names of the notes that make up the well-known scale: C. re. mi, fa. salt, la. si. But, oddly enough, you will need familiarity with the animal and plant world.

1. Name an animal whose name contains the note “D”.

(Turtle)

2. Name a plant whose name contains the note “salt” and another note.

3. Name a bird and a flower whose names contain the note “B”.

(Tit, lilac)

4. Name a bird and a plant that have the note “C” in their names.

(Hoopoe, plantain)

Competition 7. “Multi-remote”

Leading. Now you will hear excerpts from songs that were heard in cartoons. Guess what they are called and what cartoons they are from.

1. “Song about a grasshopper” from the cartoon “The Adventures of Dunno.”

2. “Smile” from the cartoon “Little Raccoon”.

3. “Song of Friends” from the cartoon “The Town Musicians of Bremen.”

4. “Beautiful Far Away” from the movie “Guest from the Future.”

Competition 8. “Song Auction”

Who will sing more songs that mention any musical instrument?

Leading. While the jury sums up the results of our quiz, let's sing your favorite song.

Children perform a song. The jury sums up the results, announces the results of the competitions, and awards the winners with diplomas.

1. What musical instrument combines a piano and an accordion? (Accordion).

1. What is the name of the Russian folk three-stringed plucked instrument? (Balalaika).

3. What musical instrument is named after the ancient Russian singer-storyteller? (Accordion).

4. What is the name of the folk wind instrument, the basis of which is a leather bag and several pipes? (Bagpipes).

5. Which bowed instrument is somewhat smaller in size than the double bass, but significantly larger than the violin and viola? (Cello).

6. What musical instrument did Sadko, the hero of the famous fairy tale, own? (Gusli).

7. Which instrument is considered the ancestor of all brass instruments? (horn),

8. Name a folk wind musical instrument that is a close relative of the shepherd’s horn and has a piercing timbre? (Pity).

9. What do you call a person who plays music on church bells? (Bell ringer).

10. In Russia there is a musical instrument - the gusli. What is a similar instrument called in Karelia? (Kantele).

11. What miniature percussion instrument is often used by Spanish dancers when dancing? (Castanets).

12. In the 18th century, a keyboard instrument was invented, which was called differently: clavicymbal, cymbal, virginal, etc. What is the better known name for this instrument? (Harpsichord).

13. Which instrument is used as a pitch standard when tuning musical instruments? (Fork).

14. Which musical instrument is the emblem of musical art? (Lyra).

15. What stringed musical instrument was called the “queen of instruments” during the Renaissance? (Lute).

16. What Russian folk instrument is very similar in sound to Spanish castanets? (Spoons).

17. What is the name of the musical rattle? (Maraca).

18. What is the largest wind keyboard instrument? (Organ).

19. Name the smallest flute? (Piccolo).

20. The name of which musical instrument means “royal” in French? (Piano).

21. What ancient musical instrument was one of the most important accessories of knightly equipment in the Middle Ages? (Horn).

22. What musical instrument, often used in jazz, was invented in 1841 in Paris by a Belgian master and named after him? (Saxophone).

23. What universal musical electronic instrument was designed by American engineers G. Belar and G. Olson in 1955? (Synthesizer).

24. Which wind instrument was first introduced by Beethoven into the symphony orchestra? (Trombone).

25. What geometric figure became a musical instrument? (Triangle).

26. What group of instruments do timpani belong to? (Drums).

27. Which woodwind instrument is the lowest sounding? (Bassoon).

28. What is the name of a wind instrument close to a bugle? (Fanfare)

29. The name of which instrument contains two terms “loud” and “quiet”? (Piano).

30. What string instrument forms the basis of the Belarusian folk orchestra? (Dulcimer).

31. What is the name of a small portable organ? (Hurdy organ).

MUSIC CLUB FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

A club association can be distinguished from other group forms by the following characteristics:

Long-term contact between members of the association, i.e. stability of the composition;

Joint activities of participants;

Voluntary, free self-determination of participants;

Active participation of members of the association in its work, the presence of the right and obligation not only to be present, to perceive information, but also to express themselves, their individuality through active action

The activities of this club are related to introducing participants to art.

Numerous keys provide tone options. Predecessor of the piano.

LIRA

An ancient string instrument. It consists of a resonant body and two curved parts that go up to a yoke, to which 4 to 10 strings are attached. Play with a plectrum or fingers. It originated from Asia, from where it came to Greece and Egypt. I was in a certain mood.

ORGAN

Musical instrument, wind, of ancient origin. Sound is produced by pumping air into tubes of various sizes. Controlled using keys. Used to perform serious works of religious music and light entertainment.

Each tube is designed to produce a specific note. Tubes of the same timbre are combined into registers. Auxiliary registers in combination with the main registers create an artificial overtone scale.

The electric organ was invented in 1934 by American engineer Lawrence Hammond (1895-1973). Other types of electric organ appeared in 1960. In them, electrical impulses in the relay replace air pressure.

PIANO

Musical instrument. A type of piano. The strings, soundboard, and mechanics are arranged vertically. PIPE

1. Longitudinal flutes - a set of pipes made of reed, clay or other material of different lengths to produce sounds of different tones. According to legend, the pipe was invented in Ancient Greece by the god Pan. Present in the traditions of folk music of Eastern Europe and Japan, South America.

2. Multi-barrel flutes, including pan flute (tsevnitsa), flute and kuvikly; vibrations are created by cutting the air stream against the sharp edge of the barrel wall, which gives the instrument a characteristic “smacking” sound. Of all the ancient instruments, they produce a relatively clear tone and simple vibrations.

STRINGED INSTRUMENTS

A class of musical instruments in which the source of sound is a stretched string. Currently, strings are made from guts, metal or perlon (plastic). The class of stringed instruments includes: bowed instruments (the violin family and the viola family); plucked strings (guitar, ukulele, lute, sitar, alpha, banjo and lyre); mechanical plucked instruments (harpsichords); mechanical percussion (piano and clavichord) and percussion (dulcimer).

PIPE

One of the ancient mouthpiece instruments, existing throughout the world in various forms and made from different instruments. He is part of the wind instruments group of a modern symphony orchestra. Consists of a cylindrical tube, straight or rolled into an oval. Produces a high, sustained sound. The trumpet is often used to give signals and also during ceremonies. Around 1820, trumpets with valves appeared, which made it possible to extract from them the full range of sounds of the chromatic scale.

The modern orchestral trumpet is prized for its clear sound. Among the varieties of trumpets are: soprano, piccolo (an octave above the main one) and bass (an octave above the main one, introduced by Wagner). Brass bands usually use a flat soprano instrument. The trumpet is a traditional solo jazz instrument, and players demonstrate particular skill in the high tones.

PERCUSSION INSTRUMENT

An instrument played by striking it with the hand or a stick. Percussion instruments can be divided into those that are tuned to produce a foot-pitched sound, these include tympani, tubular bells, glionspiel, xylophone, and those that have an indeterminate pitch: the Turkish drum, tambourine, triangle, dulcimer and castanets.

HARMONIUM

Wind keyboard instrument XIX century. It is driven by mechanisms operating from a foot drive and built-in lever-type pedals operating on the dynamics. Patented by Deben in Paris in 1848. Got it wide

spread in the USA as a musical instrument for playing at home and in church. In France and Germany, the harmonium was widely used as a concert instrument for playing solo or in an orchestra.

PIANO

The collective name for keyboard-stringed hammer instruments (grand pianos and upright pianos). Invented in 1704 by Bartolomeo Cristofori, a master clavichord maker from Padua. The mechanism used in it was directly connected to the keys. In the 18th century, it was significantly improved and won the recognition of many composers, but only in 1768 did Bach give one of the first concerts on this instrument.

Concert grand pianos with powerful sound were invented, and mass production of small pianos for the home was launched.

CYMBALS

A musical instrument, a type of zither. It consists of a flat trapezoidal body along which strings are stretched. The sound is produced by striking with light hammers or sticks. Produces sounds that are clearly distinguishable in pitch and of a consistent nature. The range and mobility of sound is greater than that of a harp or lyre. Popular in Hungary.