Chuvash Art School. Cheboksary Art School

Director:

Cheboksary Art School was founded in 1934. Over the years of its existence, the school has become a forge of professional artists of Chuvashia.

The school has its origins in the city of Alatyr, where, by decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, on July 28, 1934, the engraving department of the FZU school was organized at the Alatyr printing house. The rapid growth of publishing in Chuvashia required the training of qualified graphic artists. The organization and management of the school was entrusted to an excellent engraver - a graduate of the Stroganov Art School Fedor Semenovich Bykov. In a short time, under his leadership, engraving reached a high professional level. The first teachers of the school were wonderful graphic artists, graduates of the Kazan school A.M. Tagaev-Surban, V.D. Voronov, A.F. Myasnikov, N.A. Kamenshchikov.

In 1936, the school was transformed into an art and engraving school, in 1938 - the Committee on Arts of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR approved a new profile of the school - training graphic artists for publishing houses and artist-teachers for secondary schools, and in the same year the first graduation of 12 artists took place - schedules.

With the growing need for professional artistic personnel in various fields of art, it becomes obvious that the distance of the school from the center of the economic and cultural life of the republic does not contribute to solving the urgent problem. In 1940, on the basis of the order of the All-Russian Institute of Arts under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the Alatyr Art and Engraving School was transferred to the capital of Chuvashia, Cheboksary and transformed into the Chuvash State Art School with a five-year period of study, and from 1948 into the Cheboksary Art School. Since then, the school has been located in the historical part of Cheboksary, on the banks of the Volga, in an old mansion - an architectural monument of the 18th century, the house of the merchant Solovtsov.

In the formation of the school in Cheboksary, such artist-teachers as Moses Spiridonov, Nikita Sverchkov, Ivan Grigoriev played a significant role. Already in the post-war period, the galaxy of teachers was replenished with graduates of the country's leading art universities: A.M. Spiridonova, P.G. Grigorieva-Savushkina, R.M. Ermolaeva, V.S. Gurin, E.E. Burgulov, M.F. Kharitonov, O.I. Filippov, who created high authority for the school as one of the best in Russia.

In 1963, the art and design department was opened (since 1994, graphic and environmental design). In 1983, the first admission to the specialty “artistic wood processing” was carried out. In 1992, the specialty “decorative and applied arts and folk crafts” was opened with the specialization “art ceramics”, supplemented in 1995 with the specialization “art painting”. In 1998, a new specialty “Theatrical and Decorative Art” was opened with a specialization in “artistic and costume design of a performance.”

F.S. Bykov and Alatyr Engraving School

Fedor Semenovich Bykov - the first director and teacher of engraving of the Alatyr Art and Engraving School (now the Cheboksary Art School). In addition to his teaching activities, Fedor Semenovich actively worked in book graphics, which received high praise at all-Union exhibitions in Moscow. So for engraving the drawings of B.A. Dekhterev to “Childhood” by M. Gorky in 1946, the artist was awarded a diploma of honor from the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR “for the successes achieved in publishing books for children.” His woodcuts for “The Mountain Crown” by P. Njegos received no less high praise - in 1956 he was awarded a diploma from the All-Union Exhibition of Books, Graphics and Posters “for the high quality of the engravings.” In addition to book graphics using the woodcut technique, the artist made portraits of poets, writers, generals, travelers and political figures of that time, as well as urban and rural landscapes, and subject-themed compositions.

Dates of life and work Born on February 1 (13), 1885 in the village. Kuvakino.
1892 - apprentice in a furniture workshop.
1892 - 1898 - attending Sunday drawing classes.
1898 - graduated from the city school in Moscow.
1898 - 1903 - study in the full-scale class of the Stroganov Art and Industrial School and practical training in the engraving workshop of I.A. Anofrieva.
1903 - 1905 - work at Nikolsky's factory and in Gerke's workshop.
1905 - 1906 - work in a free artel of engravers, organized by Moscow engraving artists.
1906 - 1910 - move to Kazan. Work in the printing houses of Kharitonov, Klyuchnikov, Perov, in the Tatar publishing houses “Gaer” and “Maarif”.
1911 - return to Moscow. Artist-engraver at the Stupin and Sytin publishing houses.
1914 - mobilization. Work as a draftsman and photographer at the Izhevsk arms factory.
1917 - demobilization and return to the village. Kuvakino. Work as a librarian at the Kuvakinsky People's House, organizing an amateur art group.
1918 - mobilization into the Red Army. Work in the topographic department and the magazine “Military Thought” at the headquarters of the Eastern Front.
1922 - 1924 - demobilization and departure to Moscow. Teacher of engraving at the graphic department of the All-Russian Proletcult, collaboration in the State Art Publishing House and the newspaper Izvestia.
1925 - 1929 - move to Kazan. Work as an artist-engraver in the editorial office of the newspaper “Red Tataria”, as a teacher of engraving at the Kazan Art and Pedagogical College.
1929 - 1932 - move to Moscow. Work in the publishing house of the “Literary Encyclopedia” at the Communist Academy of Sciences, cooperation in the State Publishing House and the editors of the “Great Soviet Encyclopedia”.
1932 - move to Alatyr. Work as an artist-engraver in the regional newspaper “Leninsky Put” and in the newspaper of the political department of MTS “For the Bolshevization of Collective Farms”. Cooperation with central book publishing houses.
1934 - 1940 - organizer, first director and teacher of the Alatyr Art and Engraving School (now Cheboksary Art School).
1940 - 1945 - cooperation with metropolitan publishing houses, work under contracts of the All-Artist.
1945 - move to Ramenskoye, Moscow region. Work in Goslitizdat, Detgiz. Died October 10, 1966

76 years ago, on July 28, 1934, the Council of People's Commissars of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic adopted a resolution “On the organization of the engraving department of the FZU school at the Alatyr Printing House.” This was the first educational institution of its kind not only in our republic, but throughout the country. And, of course, the issue of its creation would not have been resolved if Fyodor Semenovich Bykov had not been in Chuvashia. The talented engraver, who had previously taught at the graphic department of the All-Russian Proletkult in Moscow, was offered to organize and head the newly created engraving department.

Only thanks to the enthusiasm and dedication of Fyodor Semenovich, the engraving department, which initially existed only on paper, acquired a visible material embodiment. He was engaged in finding and equipping premises for the school, purchasing at his own expense the necessary tools, paints, pencils, paper, palm wood plates for woodcuts and much more. In his article N.A. Urgalkina says that “The engraving school became his blood child, and he loved the students, perhaps, no less than his own children.”

The history of the creation and first years of work of the Cheboksary Art School, transformed from the Alatyr Art and Engraving School, is inextricably linked with the name of the outstanding Artist and Teacher Fyodor Semenovich Bykov.

The newly created educational institution had no textbooks, books or visual aids, and the People's Commissariat of Education allocated funds only to pay teachers and stipends for students. And then Bykov turned for help to institutions and enterprises of the city (the steam locomotive repair plant, the regional printing house and the newspaper editorial office provided patronage), and during his next trip to Moscow, Fyodor Semenovich spoke about the school, its tasks and problems to the capital's artists. The students' works he brought made the best impression. In a letter from Honored Artist D.S. Moore says: “Those works that you showed me make me say a few words to you, firstly, joy for the youth human material itself, which makes it possible to recognize very capable artists in some of them, and secondly, satisfaction and pride because such a cultural enterprise as your school has been started.” Along with the letter, textbooks, visual aids and drawings by Staronosov, Rotov and Moor were received, perhaps N.A. suggests. Urgalkin, at the same time sketches by I. Grabar, N. Pomansky and drawings by F. Ellis were sent. She further writes: “F.S. Bykov strove to ensure that his students learned drawing and engraving from the originals of first-class graphic artists. The graphic sheets, books, albums, and reproductions sent by Muscovites, along with the works of Bykov himself, were the high examples that students sought to emulate...” And Fyodor Semenovich’s efforts were not in vain. Already at the anniversary exhibition for the 15th anniversary of the Chuvash autonomy, works by students of the art and engraving school were presented, testifying to the talent of future artists.

In 1936, the Alatyr Art and Engraving School was renamed the Art and Engraving School and included in the network of educational institutions of the Administration for Art Affairs under the Council of People's Commissars of the Czech Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In January 1941, the school was transferred to Cheboksary, the graphic department was liquidated, and Fyodor Semenovich was forced to say goodbye to “the work of his own hands.”

Over seven years, 45 people graduated from the art and engraving school in Alatyr. Among the students of the school at this time were some of the best artists of Chuvashia - Rozalia Ermolaeva, Nikolai Ovchinnikov, Pyotr Sizov and others.

“Engraving captivated us all from the first lesson. Engraved, printed and - please, ready, like a picture from a real book! It seemed like a miracle, a miracle that any of us could do. In an incomprehensible way, Fyodor Semenovich aroused interest in engraving, a desire to master the skill of engraving; apparently, this was, first of all, the manifestation of the artist’s pedagogical talent. He knew how to create good competition among students. Everyone worked in such a way as to earn his approval, but he praised very sparingly, perhaps that’s why every praise was a great reward for our selfless efforts.” From a conversation with N.A. Urgalkina and N.I. Borovoy.

“Fyodor Semenovich created still lifes for woodcuts on purpose. I remember the first productions: cloth and paper scroll, wicker basket and clay jug. Later they painted from plaster, then from living nature. There was a general interest in engraving; sometimes no one came out for recess for the entire four hours - I didn’t want to break away!” From a conversation with N.A. Urgalkina and S.P. Osokina..

“... the existence in the city of Alatyr of such a school as the one led by you, and the methods of your work, which in a very short time gave extremely great results, give me, as a Soviet artist, great joy. I wish your brainchild development, and I wish you strength and confidence that you are doing a great cultural work.” From a letter. (D.S. Moora to F.S. Bykov).

“In conversations with the author of the article (N.A. Urgalkina - V.B.), art editor of the publishing house “Khudozhestvennaya Literatura” L.F. Kalitovskaya said that Bykov was often given the job of engraving certain illustrations in order to save a not entirely successful original, because Fyodor Semenovich, even using a weak original, knew how to cut a highly artistic engraving. And the famous Soviet graphic artist D.S. Bisti claims that Fyodor Semenovich was a creative engraver and often corrected the author of the drawings, making him an artist of a higher class.” Quoted from N.A. Urgalkin “Fedor Semenovich Bykov. 1885 - 1966".
Exhibition catalogue. Cheboksary. 1988..

Cheboksary Art School thanks the curator of graphics of the Chuvash State Art Museum

Open House and other special event information:

Brief historical background:

The Cheboksary Art School is a monument of civil architecture of the first half of the 18th century, one of the few oldest houses that have survived to this day. The external appearance of the building has undergone numerous changes, the largest of which is associated with the name of A.N. Voronikhin’s student, academician of architecture M.P. Korinfsky, who in 1835 redid the decoration of the facades in the style of late classicism. Subsequent alterations deprived the house of any style. Currently, only the meter-thick walls and vaulted ceilings speak of its ancient origin. The building was built at the expense of the merchant F. Kotelnikov, but went down in the history of the city as “Solovtsov’s house,” to whom it belonged in 1767 during the famous journey of Catherine II along the Volga. The house was chosen as the place for the official reception of the Empress, where she “most mercifully favored the hand” of the governor, the Cheboksary nobility and merchants. From 1809 to this day, the house has served the cause of education and culture. In 1816, the Cheboksary District School was opened here with unprecedented solemnity, which was located in this building until the October Revolution. Many famous people in the country studied within its walls over the years. Among them is the outstanding Soviet commander, Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel General A.N. Bogolyubov. Since 1940, the Cheboksary Art School has been located here.

Priority areas of scientific research, projects:

Structural divisions/infrastructure:

The school implements educational programs of secondary vocational education in the specialties “Painting” (by type), “Design” (in the field of culture and art), “Theatrical and decorative art”, “Decorative and applied arts and folk crafts” (by type).

Directions and forms of training:

Department of Painting (specialization: artistic and pedagogical); Department of graphic and environmental design; Department of artistic wood processing; Department of decorative and applied arts and folk crafts. Department of Theatrical and Decorative Art.

Status:

Art school in the Middle Volga region.

1 Full name of the object Cheboksary Art School

2 Historical events Cheboksary Art School was founded in 1934. Over the years of its existence, the school has become a forge of professional artists of Chuvashia.

The school has its origins in the city of Alatyr, where, by decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, on July 28, 1934, the engraving department of the FZU school was organized at the Alatyr printing house. The rapid growth of publishing in Chuvashia required the training of qualified graphic artists. The organization and management of the school was entrusted to the excellent engraver - a graduate of the Stroganov Art School, Fyodor Semenovich Bykov. In a short time, under his leadership, engraving reached a high professional level. The first teachers of the school were wonderful graphic artists, graduates of the Kazan school A.M. Tagaev-Surban, V.D. Voronov, A.F. Myasnikov, N.A. Kamenshchikov.

In 1936, the school was transformed into an art and engraving school, in 1938 - the Committee on Arts of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR approved a new profile of the school - training graphic artists for publishing houses and artist-teachers for secondary schools, and in the same year the first graduation of 12 artists took place - schedules.

With the growing need for professional artistic personnel in various fields of art, it becomes obvious that the distance of the school from the center of the economic and cultural life of the republic does not contribute to solving the urgent problem. In 1940, on the basis of the order of the All-Russian Institute of Arts under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the Alatyr Art and Engraving School was transferred to the capital of Chuvashia, Cheboksary and transformed into the Chuvash State Art School with a five-year period of study, and from 1948 into the Cheboksary Art School. Since then, the school has been located in the historical part of Cheboksary, on the banks of the Volga, in an old mansion - an architectural monument of the 18th century, the house of the merchant Solovtsov.

In the formation of the school in Cheboksary, such artist-teachers as Moses Spiridonov, Nikita Sverchkov, Ivan Grigoriev played a significant role. Already in the post-war period, the galaxy of teachers was replenished with graduates of the country's leading art universities: A.M. Spiridonova, P.G. Grigorieva-Savushkina, R.M. Ermolaeva, V.S. Gurin, E.E. Burgulov, M.F. Kharitonov, O.I. Filippov, who created high authority for the school as one of the best in Russia.

In 1963, the art and design department was opened (since 1994, graphic and environmental design). In 1983, the first admission to the specialty “artistic wood processing” was carried out. In 1992, the specialty “decorative and applied arts and folk crafts” was opened with the specialization “art ceramics”, supplemented in 1995 with the specialization “art painting”. In 1998, a new specialty “Theatrical and Decorative Art” was opened with a specialization in “artistic and costume design of a performance.”

3 Location K. Ivanova St., 1 "B" Cheboksary Chuvash Republic 428018 Russia

4 Description of the object The school was founded on July 28, 1934. He is the successor of the engraving department of the FZU school at the Alatyr printing house. In 1936, the school was transformed into an art and engraving school. In 1940, the Alatyr Art and Engraving School was transferred to Cheboksary and transformed into the Chuvash State Art School with a five-year period of study, and from 1948 into the Cheboksary Art School. Since then, the school has been located in the historical part of Cheboksary, on the banks of the Volga, in an old mansion - an architectural monument of the 18th century, the house of the merchant Solovtsov.

5 Sources of information about the object www.chebartschool.ru/

6 Distinctive features of the object, degree of uniqueness Specialties of the art school:

Specialty 071001 “Painting” (specialization – easel painting; duration of study on the basis of secondary education with full-time education – 3 years 10 months; graduate qualification: artist-painter, teacher).

Specialty 072501 “Design” - in the field of culture and art (graduate qualification: designer, teacher; duration of study on the basis of secondary education with full-time study - 3 years 10 months).

Specialty 070206 "Theatrical and decorative art" (specialization - artistic and costume design of a performance; graduate qualification: specialist in theatrical and decorative art; duration of study on the basis of secondary education in full-time education - 3 years 10 months).

Specialty 072601 “Decorative and applied arts and folk crafts” (specialization – artistic ceramics, duration of study on the basis of secondary education with full-time education – 3 years 10 months; graduate qualification: master artist, teacher).

7 Condition of the object and degree of preservation CHEBOKSARY ART SCHOOL (TECHNIKUM) is a republican state educational institution of secondary vocational education of the Ministry of Culture, National Affairs, Information Policy and Archival Affairs of Chuvash.

8 Protection of the monument Protected by the state.