Tatar boot coloring book. Abstract: Tatar folk ornament in embroidery

Elena Motorina

I present to your attention didactic games to familiarize children with the Tatar ornament middle preschool age. Games selected in accordance with the new requirements for the corner "Tugan irem Tatarstan» .

Didactic game"Find a Pair" (domino)

Target games:

Learn children find identical pictures and connect them into chains. Fix the names of elements Tatar ornament.

Develop attention, observation, logical thinking. Cultivate an interest in art Tatar people.

Rules games:

Dominoes are a fun board game that uses tiles. This plate is divided into two parts, the domino set includes 28 plates.

The game is designed for 2-4 players. The plates are mixed. Each player takes 6 cards. Other cards in "reserve" in the middle. Each player takes turns, clockwise, lays out 1 card so that one of the card pictures is the same as one of the outer pictures on the playing field. If the player does not have a suitable card, then he goes to "reserve" and takes cards until he finds the one he needs. If there are no more cards in "reserve" the player misses his turn. If no player can move, the game is over.

Didactic game“Make a pattern on a napkin”

Target games:

Learn children compose Tatar national pattern or ornament on a napkin.

Develop the ability to compose beautiful compositions. Enrich the dictionary children, names. Develop fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

Cultivate an interest in history Tatar people and their traditions

Rules games:

The game uses "napkins" white, yellow and red colors, elements Tatar ornament - tulips, bells, leaves.

Option 1. Each player takes one "napkin" and selecting elements Tatar ornament puts a pattern on it.

Option 2. The player is given "napkin" with a pattern already laid out on it. He needs to put the same pattern on his "napkin".

Didactic game"Find and name"

Target games:

Learn children find and name elements Tatar ornament: tulip, bell, leaf, make pairs of them. Enrich your vocabulary children, names Tatar national ornament.

Develop attention and memory.

Cultivate an interest in art Tatar people.

Rules games:

The game uses large, divided into two parts, and small cards. Each player takes 1-2 large cards. The small cards are shuffled.

Option 1 The presenter shows one small card at a time, calling Tatar element which is depicted on it. Players must find the item on their big card, name it again, and place it on the second empty part of the big card.

Option 2 The presenter shows one small card at a time, without naming Tatar element which is depicted on it. Players must find this item on their large card, name it, and place it on the second empty part of the card.

Option 3 Players are asked to find all the elements of a tulip (bell, leaf) on small cards, name this element and put them on the second empty part of the large card.

It all started with an offer from a book publishing house to illustrate the Koran (gift copy), but only with Tatar ornaments. At first I thought that I could handle it quickly; I have a lot of material on oriental themes. I made sketches, showed them to the customers, they liked them, but they said that with the kind of ornaments I suggested, they could order the Quran in the United Arab Emirates.

This is where I realized the “ease” of my attitude towards work! And I went to the Lenin Library! I covered myself with books on Tatar ornaments, historical essays on the creation of folk crafts, fortunately the Tatar people have a lot of them! One leather mosaic is worth it! And gold embroidery on folk costumes, and embroidery on towels!

So, having been imbued with the real thing, something pure and correct, I felt such an emotional uplift in myself! What I want to create and create! Now I just fell in love with the theme, and I really want to show everyone the beauty of national patterns!

1. Here the Tatar ornament is based on leather mosaic ornaments, often used in the manufacture of national boots.

2. Tatar leather boots. Of course, there are more beautiful ones, but they are personally mine.

3. Continuing the theme of leather mosaic patterns are individual fragments of patterns that I reproduced on 10x10 cm tiles.

6. Tatar pattern on tiles 10x10 cm.

7. Gate. Painted on gold leaf, the work is framed in a baguette.

8. Mirror "Tatar pattern". The inspiration for painting this mirror was an embroidered tablecloth I saw from 1884 in the National Museum of the Republic of Tatarstan. The tablecloth is of course fantastically beautiful! Embroidery!

9. Kul-Sharif Mosque framed with Tatar ornaments. 25x35 cm

National souvenirs are in great demand. I was convinced of this when my personal exhibition “Oriental motifs in painting on ceramic tiles” was held on the territory of the Kazan Kremlin museum-reserve, in the main mosque of Kul-Sharif. The interest was very great, fortunately, the curators of the exhibition constantly extended it, for which special thanks to them. After all, the flow of tourists from spring to autumn is simply huge. And I’m glad that my works “fit” into the general flavor of souvenir products and that you can offer something else besides the classic set - chak-chak and skull caps.

My new works, presented at the next personal exhibition in the Kul Sharif mosque “Iridescence of patterns”, Tatar ornament, in 2013.

Mirror "Tatar window", made based on house carvings in Tatar villages.

Mirror "Tatar tints"

Panel from tiles "Tatar Song". Overglaze painting, firing 830 C. 50 x 50 cm

Panel of tiles "Tatar pattern" 40 x 40 cm. Overglaze painting, firing 830

Any nation has used various ornaments and patterns throughout its existence. Many images of stunning beauty have come to us from time immemorial. Each nation has its own unique style, depending on many factors. It is not difficult to draw a Kazakh, Chuvash, Khanty, Ossetian, Dagestan, Mari ornament or pattern in pictures; they are considered the most beautiful. Culture, location on the planet and the individual characteristics of each master play a role. One cannot help but be glad that these national graphic and ethnic ornaments and patterns are an art that has survived to this day and has not disappeared to this day; it is like a coloring book.

Any people during their existence used various ornaments and patterns

The tendency to keep dishes with folk painting at home and decorate the interior with ornaments and Udmurt patterns is becoming more fashionable every day. Even if you are not an artist, you can purchase stencils or print them using paper, A4 sheet. Then use ready-made templates as your inner voice will tell you. For example, make children's color cards.

Folk workshops, where you can order such stencils or invite an artist, usually exist in the outback. But even in the capital, if you wish, you can find craftsmen who can apply both a simple ornament or pattern, and a more complex one. Decorating, for example, a child’s room with such painting is a great joy for children.

There are geometric ornaments that do not carry any subtext. There are those that contain some meanings and symbols.

Russian ornament: stencils that are easy to make yourself

Russian ornaments, for example, on embroidery, are known to everyone. Everyone has seen folk costumes at least once in their life. This is the kind of beauty that comes out of the hands of masters. And these are not the most difficult options. You can’t say anything - art is art. And Rus' has always been rich in talent.

If you decide to take up the art of ornamentation, you need to start with stencils, which are simpler. And it’s worth starting with a Russian ornament. If you can’t purchase stencils, you can make them yourself or download them on the Internet. This scheme is easy, anyone can do it, you just need to show perseverance and patience.

If you decide to take up the art of ornamentation, you need to start with stencils, which are simpler

Once you get simple patterns, you can switch to more complex ones.

Gallery: ornaments and patterns (25 photos)

Buryat patterns: song of the steppe

The Buryat ornament, like the paintings of all Mongol-speaking representatives, basically consists of simple geometric figures:

• broken lines;
• zigzags;
• circles;
• diamonds;
• other figures.

If your hand is at least a little trained in the simplest drawings, you can take up Buryat ornaments and Mongolian designs. Here are some of them. It is easy to discern Buddhist motifs and Bashkir style in them.

Yakut ornament

Yakut works of art patterns amaze with their beauty. It is especially difficult to look away from works done in gold. Keeping in mind Yakut gold, it would be surprising not to see it in folk art.

It seems to be nothing complicated, but it looks magical.

Yakut works of art patterns amaze with their beauty

As in any form of art, there are also simpler ornaments. Among the geometric shapes, the Yakut people love to use circles.

Tatar pattern: patterns of a great people

Tatar and Bashkir craftsmen specialized in bright ornaments and patterns. This is especially visible in national clothing (hats, shoes with multi-colored mosaics).

Decorating your home with carpets of stunning beauty is one of the main highlights of the Tatar nation. Any home, whether rural or urban, was always filled with carpets that were superior in beauty to Persian ones. The Tatars have always been dominated by bright floral motifs.

Embroidered flowers can be seen not only on clothes, but also on household items. Towels, pillowcases, tablecloths, aprons, prayer rugs.

We can talk about headscarves for a very long time. Every house has a whole chest filled with such scarves. Everyday, festive, wedding - for each event there is its own scarf, and for each scarf - its own special pattern. This is such a beauty - a Tatar and Bashkir embroidered scarf that you can’t take your eyes off it

Tatar and Bashkir craftsmen specialized in bright ornaments and patterns

The most widespread was the art of ornamentation in carved wooden architecture. Then came embroidery, patterns on shoes and carpets. Fabric applique occupied a very small place among the Tatar people. But on the other hand, in this application, interestingly, oriental and Greek motifs were clearly visible.

The most popular was and remains floral ornament. Trefoil, carnation, tulip, dahlias, peonies and chrysanthemums - all this is very popular among Tatar craftswomen.

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Looking at these works of folk craft, I want the house to have at least one such pattern, pleasing to the eye.

Geometric patterns in the interior: the trend of the season

Geometric solutions in interior design are the most fashionable trend of the year. Strictness, harmony, aristocratic aesthetics - all this admires and is used in the work of designers more and more often.

Geometric style came to homes in different forms:

• like furniture
• as accessories
• like patterns and ornaments.

Such ideas are embodied today by designers in the design of apartments and offices.

Geometric solutions in interior design are the most fashionable trend of the year

Simple and beautiful. And this becomes the motto of fashionable modern designers and customers of such interiors who strive for harmony.

Oriental patterns: visiting a fairy tale

Oriental patterns are gaining popularity again today. More often they are used for painting fabrics, silk, and large canvases. Eastern ornament is based on rhythm and construction of elements, on abstraction and stylization of real things. The roots of this art go back to the culture of Persia and Mesopotamia. Each of the patterns symbolizes something. For example, an ordinary rosette is a symbol of the universal cycle. Made in the shape of a flower, it had many varieties. This is only one of the few symbols that have been deciphered. What other patterns hide within them may remain an eternal mystery.

Oriental patterns are gaining popularity again today

The most common motifs of oriental patterns are the plant motif, magical birds and the World Tree. The latter combines a lot of symbols along with real details. The oriental pattern has another feature. This is carpet filling. It is difficult to find an unoccupied space on the surface of the pattern. Lines, leaves, cones, spikelets, blades of grass - the entire space is filled with them. In particular, this technique is used in architecture, the manufacture of decorative dishes and clothing.

Patterns for children: creating together with kids

Developing a child’s abilities by teaching him the art of patterns and ornaments is a way that gives excellent results. First, try to make a light floral pattern; it can be a frame for text or an edging for any design. Below are step-by-step instructions that make everything very easy to do.

The operating procedure is as follows:

Draw the selected area into eight identical sections. Draw horizontal lines and start making the ornament.

Complete the following sketch.

Add some small details at your discretion.

The unnecessary lines along which the sketch was made must be erased with an eraser.

Ornaments and patterns will decorate everyday life. Especially if they are made by yourself. You just have to look at them and your mood will improve. Try this fascinating and beautiful art for yourself, add a touch of novelty to your everyday life, and life will sparkle with new colors. Try to look at all types of ornaments, for example Russian folk, Altai, Tuvan, they can be painted on a plate.

How to make a drawing on the wall: master class (video)

How to make a stencil with your own hands (video)

Other types of painting and drawing

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Hope

So much interesting and useful material!!! This is how much literature and information has been shoveled. to provide us with all this for use. Simply a treasure trove. This is such a find for me! Thanks a lot. Good luck to everyone in your creativity.

The Tatar people have an ancient and colorful culture. His life, sorrows and joys, wars and alliances, way of life, beliefs could not help but be reflected in his creativity. Since the people are ancient, the history and culture go back centuries. In its way of life and worldview, the nation differed from the tribes that settled nearby and was isolated. Therefore, for example, the Tatar ornament used to decorate clothes, household items, and houses is original and unique.

Types of ornaments and types of motifs

The way of life of the people significantly influenced the patterns with which various products were decorated. The predominantly Tatar national ornament has a pronounced influence of ancient agriculture. But if you carefully study the works of the masters, you will notice that the influence of the cattle breeding culture of the nomadic ancestors of the people is also evident.

Tatar patterns and ornaments have three types of motifs: geometric, floral-vegetal and zoomorphic. A characteristic feature is their contour completion.

and its use

Patterns have been used by craftsmen from time immemorial in many areas of applied art: architecture, embroidery, painting, wood carving. Tatar ornament with floral and plant motifs is the most common. Masters create both simple forms and complex bouquets. The colors used for the designs are bright, rich and go well together. The motifs are stylized and have many interpretations. An important role is played by the order in which the elements of the pattern are located and how they are combined with each other.

There are three directions in floral and plant motifs that are used for creativity: steppe, meadow and garden. Depending on the area in which the master or craftswoman lived, certain Tatar patterns and ornaments predominated. Motifs depicting stylized poppies, tulips, forget-me-nots, and carnations are more typical for the steppe direction. Meadow motifs are replete with wild rose, bluebell, and chamomile flowers; the directions were typical for urban settlements. Mostly dahlias, chrysanthemums, roses, and asters were depicted. The most common are two flowers that are used in the Tatar ornament. Tulip and carnation serve as the main motifs.

Geometric and zoomorphic motifs

Zoomorphic drawings are practically not used. This is explained by the requirements of religion, so the Tatar ornament very rarely contains images of animals. However, masters who do decide to use zoomorphic motifs in their products stylize them so much that it is not always possible to understand what kind of animal is depicted.

Often, the geometric Tatar ornament is not an independent element of the product, but performs auxiliary functions. The use of figures depends on what the image is applied to. For example, geometric motifs predominate in weaving, while floral motifs, arranged with geometric precision, predominate in embroidery.

Elements used in the ornament. Their capabilities. Techniques for conveying the master's ideas

First of all, you should pay attention to how the tulip is used in the Tatar ornament. It is presented in the form of a pointed trefoil with varying degrees of bending. Cinquefoils are less common. The wavy lines under the master’s hand become overgrown with leaves and form a “grapevine”.

On one branch there may be grapes, a meander, a dahlia, and a carnation. Tatar ornament with geometric motifs uses both simple figures (triangles, rhombuses, circles, squares) and complex ones (hexagonal rosettes, stepped figures, eight-pointed stars).

Floral ornament has another distinctive feature - the asymmetry of the elements. Flowers that in nature never grow side by side or bloom in different months of the year coexist perfectly on one branch.

The meaning of the tulip in culture and ornament

Each nation has its own symbol, which has meaning only for it. Many craftsmen use the Tatar ornament, in which the main motif is the tulip. For this people, this is, first of all, a symbol of revival. The tulip is on

Secondly, the tulip is inextricably linked with the religious views of the Muslim world. The flower is associated with the name of Allah. The spelling of the plant's name in Arabic consists of the same letters as the name of the god of the Muslim world. From the point of view of the Abaj numerological system (each letter has its own number), the sum of the letters in the words “tulip” and “Allah” is the same and equals 66.

The rose is also often depicted in Tatar ornaments. And again for religious reasons: it is a symbol of the Prophet Muhammad. And although the flowers are highly stylized, a person who understands the symbols and culture of the Tatar people will definitely be able to read the Tatar ornament.

Municipal budgetary institution of additional education of the city of Ulyanovsk "Center for Children's Creativity No. 1"

PLAN-OUTLINE

CLASSES

Topic: “Stylized Tatar ornament (paper panel)”

Developed by: Matkova E.P., additional education teacher

Ulyanovsk-2016

Subject:“Stylized Tatar ornament (paper panel).”

Type of lesson: combined.

Target: creating conditions conducive to awakening interest in the history of the native land.

Tasks:

Educational:

introduce students to the names of elements Tatar ornament (“tulip”, “rose hip”, “wave”);

activate children's speech in the names of Tatar national patterns.

consolidate students' knowledge of how to complete the application;

teach children to perform panels in the form Tatar ornament using the invoice method appliqués;

master the techniques of adding objects (patterns) from parts according to a pattern;

repeat the safety rules when working with scissors and glue.

Educational:

develop attention, observation, logical thinking;

develop fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination;

promote the development of artistic taste;

develop artistic taste in the selection and arrangement of elements.

Educational:

to instill in children respect for each other and for people of other nationalities;

develop an interest in history Tatar people and their traditions

Methodological equipment of the lesson: lesson notes.

Teaching methods: verbal (conversation), visual (demonstration of samples, illustrations, patterns), practical (demonstration of working methods).

Materials, tools, equipment:

Samples of panel elements, illustrations of the Tatar national ornament, illustrations of the Tatar national costume (dress, apron, vest, skullcap, cap, boots), templates of national patterns (“tulip”, “bell”, “wave”), “letter” colored paper, glue stick, scissors, tape, large photo frame with glass, illustrations “Kazan Kremlin”, “Chak-chak”, “Flag, coat of arms of Tatarstan”).

Form of organization of activity: group

Progress of the lesson:

1. Organizational stage(greeting, exercise “Hello, friend!)

2. Preparatory stage(introduction to the topic of the lesson).

Guys, today I received an unusual letter. I can’t make out what is written here, because it is not written in Russian.

But there is a hint - pictures (Kazan Kremlin, chak-chak, national flag of Tatarstan). Look at them carefully. If we can guess what is depicted on them, we will understand where the letter came from and what is written in it (children's answers).

I turn every word around Isenmesez, hormatle ipteshler and read (Hello, dear friends!) Well done! You guessed it!

Guys, tell me, what is the name of the country in which we live? What is the name of our city? (children's answers).

You probably know that in our hometown there are people of different nationalities who have their own language, culture, their own dances, songs, and costumes. (Russians, Bashkirs, Chuvash, Mordovians, Tatars, Ukrainians).

Today we will talk to you about the Tatar nationality, because soon we will have a holiday dedicated to the Tatar people.

What do you already know about the Tatars? (children's answers)

They live in the Republic of Tatarstan, the capital is the city of Kazan. They speak Tatar, but many also speak Russian. They have special national dishes - pilaf, belyashi, chak-chak. On the holiday, Tatars wear national costumes. Women - dresses, aprons, vests, kalfak. Men - shirts, wide trousers, leather shoes, skullcaps.

3. Studying new educational material

Today we will get acquainted with the Tatar folk ornament. Guys, what is an ornament? (children's answers). An ornament is a decoration, a pattern. They use it to decorate dishes, boxes, chests, embroider towels, napkins, tablecloths, and suits.

I brought you samples of Tatar ornaments. The Tatar people have several types of ornaments. (Tale and demonstration of samples).

"Floral-vegetal." Motifs of wavy shoots, tulip flowers, chamomile, lotus, violet. This type of ornament was used to decorate the ends of towels, curtains, aprons, and hats.

"Geometric". Geometric motifs - lines, waves, zigzags, spirals, broken lines. Used in decorating rural homes and jewelry.

"Zoomorphic" Images of pigeons, ducks, butterflies, swans, bees. Found mainly in wood carvings.

The main colors of the ornament are green, red, yellow, blue, orange.

Today we will do this kind of collective work (showing the panel).

Guys, tell me what this panel consists of? (from individual elements) What are individual elements made of - stylized patterns? (from paper). How to make such beautiful elements? (cut from paper and paste onto paper squares)

When you have done everything, we will put them into one large picture-panel, it will be presented at our holiday.

Physical education minute:

The sun lifts us up to exercise,

We raise our hands at the command “one”.

And above us the foliage rustles merrily,

We lower our hands on the command “two”.

Hands raised and shook -

These are flowers in the forest.

Arms bent, hands shaken -

This is how the wind blows away the dew.

To the side of the hand, wave it smoothly -

These are the birds flying towards us.

We'll also show you how they sit down.

Let's put our hands back.

4. Practical work

Briefing.

We will have two teams “Tulip” and “Wave”. The first team makes the first type of ornament (stylized tulip), the second - a stylized wave. Let's see which team did better.

Independent work.

I'm handing out the details. We open the envelopes. Let's look at the pattern and its elements.

What does this pattern consist of? (Square, tulip, oval with pointed corners) And this one? (Square, wave and circle).

You will need to cut out squares from colored paper and glue elements of a stylized ornament onto them.

But before we get started, let's remember the safety rules when working with scissors and glue.

During practical work, you can play a finger game.

Finger game "Flower"

Each of you has turned your hands into a flower. The petals are closed, tightly closed.

Early in the morning it is closed (the hands are in their original position),

But closer to noon (palms move away from each other, the pads of the thumbs are pressed to the ends of the index fingers, the hands resemble an open bud)

He opens the petals, I see their beauty (the hands are connected at the wrist, and the fingers smoothly move in different directions, reminiscent of an open flower).

By evening, the flower closes its corolla again (close your fingers - an unopened flower),

And now he will sleep (hands in original position)

Until the morning, like a baby bird (put your hands under your cheeks - imitation of sleep).

From which elements this pattern consists of? (flower, leaf)

What is the name of this flower? (Tulip)

What color is the big flower? (red) What about the little one? (yellow)

What color are the petals? (green)

While working, I show you the technique of making the ornament step by step. Children do group work. During its implementation, I provide assistance to some children, prompting and guiding. I talk through the names of the parts with the children.

5. Control stage

Current control. Individual assistance is provided during the work process.

6. Final part

Guys, we've finished our work. Everyone listened carefully and completed the task successfully.

Did you enjoy the activity?

Guys, what people of the Volga region were we talking about today? What new have you learned? Who found it difficult to cope with work?

Now let's clean up our workspace.

Application

"Wave" ornament template

Tulip pattern template

Peony pattern template