Petrushevskaya country analysis. Lyudmila Petrushevskaya “Country”

Alexandrova Irina Aleksandrovna, teacher of Russian language and literature, MAOU "Gymnasium "Harmony"

Lesson based on the story “Country” by L. Petrushevskaya

Subject:

Loneliness: happiness or misfortune in people's lives.

The purpose of the lesson:

Creating conditions for working on the concept of “Loneliness” when working with a literary text

Lesson Objectives:

Develop the ability to work on a concept;

To foster a sense of compassion, understanding and empathy in students;

Lesson type: working with literary text

Technology: developing critical thinking through reading and writing

Techniques: reading with stops, appealing to students’ personal experience, prediction by title, prediction tree, cluster, syncwine, use of “thin” and “thick” questions, essay

Everything is not going well in this apartment,

In this city, in this country,

In this faded, unscrewed world,

And the saddest thing in me.

D. Bykov

Bring me not, Lord,

Don't listen to someone else's troubles.

God forbid, if you hear, you won’t help.

Rina Levinson

DURING THE CLASSES

Call stage

Sinkwine is offered without the first line

2. yearning, disappointed

3. forgotten, sad, withdrawn

4. he left everyone

5. feeling

Question: - Define the first word of syncwine? (Loneliness)

Today we will talk about loneliness.

Do you think the topic of loneliness is relevant now? Why?

Write down in your notebook how you understand the word LONELINESS, and think about what

may, in your opinion, be the cause of this phenomenon

Tell me, is loneliness always a bad thing? (Sometimes people dream of

alone. These are those moments in life when they want to be alone, to think,

Can loneliness be a stimulus for anything? (Yes, people leave to

create, create works of art. At these moments they don’t need anyone and they

happy)

This means loneliness can give both the happiest moments of life and the most bitter ones.

It can also be a trap, once in which it is difficult to find a way out, or maybe

a panacea for all ills.

What then will be the purpose of the lesson, in your opinion? (Define what it is

loneliness)

Today we will get acquainted with the story of L. Petrushevskaya “Country”.

What do you think this piece might be about? (fixes on

student answers on the board)

We will read the text, making stops, and try to understand why the author gave

This is the title of the story.

Conception stage

They read the text using the technique of KMChChP technology - reading with stops.

Fragment 1.

Who can tell how a quiet, drinking woman lives with her child, unseen by anyone in a one-room apartment. How every evening, no matter how drunk she is, she puts away her daughter’s things for kindergarten so that everything is at hand in the morning.

She herself has traces of her former beauty on her face - arched eyebrows, a thin nose, but her daughter is a lethargic, white, large girl, who doesn’t even look like her father, because her father is bright blond with bright red lips. The daughter usually plays quietly on the floor while the mother drinks at the table or lying on the ottoman. Then they both go to bed, turn off the lights, and in the morning they get up as if nothing had happened and run through the cold in the dark to the kindergarten

Questions: - How does this woman live?

How do you think the life of a woman with such

appearance?

What is your daughter's appearance like? How a girl's appearance helps reveal her

character?

What do we learn about fathers? How does describing him make you feel?

appearance?

How do you think others treat women? Does she have friends?

Why do they live this way?

How do you think this woman lived before?

What do you think a mother and daughter dream about?

Do you think the girl likes going to kindergarten? Where is she better off: at home or

at kindergarten?

Assignment: - Make a cluster - description of mother and daughter

Read fragment No. 2

Several times a year, mother and daughter go out to visit, sit at the table, and then the mother perks up, starts talking loudly and rests her chin with one hand and turns around, that is, she pretends that she belongs here. She was her own person while the blond man was her husband, and then everything faded away, all her past life and past acquaintances. Now we have to choose those houses and those days on which the bright blond does not go to visit his new wife, a woman, they say, of a tough type who does not let anyone get away with anything.

And so the mother, whose daughter is from a blond man, carefully calls and congratulates someone on his birthday, stalls, mumbles, asks how life is going, but she herself does not say that she will come: she waits. He waits for them to decide, at the other end of the line, and finally hangs up and runs to the grocery store for another bottle, and then to kindergarten to get her daughter..

What new do we learn about the woman and her daughter?

So what is a woman waiting for? What place do these visits occupy in her life?

Describe the blond's new wife? Tell me, how is his life now? Are you happy?

He? Has your attitude towards him changed? Why?

How does a woman behave when visiting? How do others treat her? Are

are they her friends?

Why does she come to visit?

Task: Complete the cluster with the characteristics of the heroes (yellow cells)

Read fragment No. 3

It used to happen that until the daughter fell asleep, there was no talk of any bottle, but then everything became simpler, everything went by itself, because it doesn’t matter to the girl whether her mother drinks tea or medicine. The girl really doesn’t care, she quietly plays on the floor with her toys, and no one in the world knows how they live together and how the mother calculates, calculates and decides everything, there is no harm in that if the same amount of money that was spent for lunch, she will go for wine - the girl is well-fed in kindergarten, but she herself doesn’t need anything.

Do you think the girl really doesn’t care what her mother does?

Who is to blame for the fact that mother and daughter live like this?

Is it possible to change anything else?

Will the mother change anything? Daughter?

Task: Complete the cluster (blue cells)

Read fragment No. 4

And they save, turn off the lights, go to bed at 9 o’clock, and no one knows what divine dreams the daughter and mother have, no one knows how they touch the pillow with their heads and then fall asleep to return to that country that they will leave again early in the morning to run along a dark, frosty street somewhere and for some reason, when you should never wake up.

What dreams do the girl and mother have?

Why don't they want to wake up?

What is the word dream associated with in this text?

The story begins and ends with the same event, why?

How do you think the lives of these people will turn out next?

What country was discussed in the title?

Do you think the title of the story is apt? 7 Why?

Task: complete the cluster (pink cells)

Reflection stage

Draw conclusions about the life of mother and daughter. (They are very lonely and unhappy people, they dream of a different life, but cannot get out of their loneliness because they have no friends. They created a country in which they are happy, and no longer want to return from it. And this is the worst thing. They have lost the meaning of life.)

Tell me, is loneliness always a bad thing? (Sometimes people dream of loneliness. These are those moments in life when they want to be alone, think, stop, find the right path further.)

Can loneliness be a stimulus for anything? (Yes, people go away to create, to create works of art. At these moments they don’t need anyone and they are happy.)

What understanding of loneliness is discussed in this story? (About the loneliness of people forgotten by everyone)

Can we do something to ensure that there are as few such people as possible? (Be attentive to people, understand their problems and see ways out of them)

What is the main problem of the characters in this story? (They had no friends, everyone was indifferent to them. And the indifference of those around them could lead to the death of all humanity, because even animals take care of each other)

Task 6 Make up a syncwine - your understanding of the word loneliness

Homework :

Write an essay-discussion on one of the suggested topics.

“As long as a person is alive, he should never lose hope.” (Seneca, Roman

writer)

“Indifference is the highest cruelty” (M. Wilson, American writer)

“The dream is more powerful than reality” (A. France)

“A true friend is known in misfortune” (Aesop)

Used Books : Poems by Dmitry Bykov and Rina Levinzon. Collection "Stanzas of the Century." Compiled by E.A. Yevtushenko. Minsk 1997

Discussion forms of work in the library. Guidelines. Moscow 2005

In terms of genre, L.S. Petrushevskaya’s stories resemble miniatures, sketches, sketches, but the writer herself insists that these are stories that cannot be called short, if you think about the depth of their problems and the volume of life material. The author raises in his works the problems of loneliness, homelessness, instability

human destinies, the indifference of others. The story “Country” is no exception in this regard. The plot is based on a seemingly simple everyday story about an abandoned woman, abandoned by her husband, but a real tragedy unfolds before the reader, frightening in its ordinariness. The main character is a lonely drinking woman “with traces of her former beauty on her face.” The very first lines of the story show her loneliness: “a quiet, drinking woman...not visible to anyone.” Every day she “drinks quietly,” and this becomes the meaning of her existence, a way

hide from problems, from loneliness, from life. But before us is a Mother with a daughter! Could she be lonely and unhappy? “The daughter is a lethargic, white, large girl, not even like her father,” while the mother quietly drinks and “usually plays.” The girl doesn’t care whether “her mother drinks tea or medicine,” “she quietly plays with her old toys on the floor.” That's all that is said about the daughter in the story. No childish joy, no childish pranks, no affection for the mother. Telling another small tragedy, the writer shows how this usually happens: after betrayal by

With her husband, the woman tries to find oblivion in wine and does not notice how it becomes both a way of life and its meaning. “It used to happen that until the daughter fell asleep, there was no talk about any bottle, and then everything became simpler, everything went by itself...” And now “the mother calculates everything, calculates and decides that there is no harm in it, if that the same amount of money that would go to lunch will be spent on wine - the girl is well-fed in kindergarten, but she herself doesn’t need anything.”

The life of the main character is a run in a vicious circle: “every evening, no matter how drunk she is, she puts away her daughter’s things for kindergarten so that everything is at hand in the morning”; “they both go to bed, turn off the lights, and in the morning they get up as if nothing had happened and run through the cold, in the dark, to the kindergarten”; “hangs up and runs to

grocery store for another bottle, and then to kindergarten for my daughter”; “to run along a dark, frosty street somewhere and for some reason.” The space in the story emphasizes the loneliness of the heroine, the indifference of those around her to her fate, and the futility of her existence: either the isolation of a one-room apartment, or a short stay as a guest, in someone else’s enclosed space, or an attempt to escape from it, but where? In the cold, in the dark... And only in a dream they find themselves with their daughter in a country that is not similar to their life, in a country from which they do not want to return to reality.

Depicting the joyless existence of her heroine, Petrushevskaya paints morning and evening. A day in the heroine’s life seems to be missing. And only the night gives long-awaited oblivion: “the daughter and mother dream divine dreams,” dreams that are better than their lives, and they “should never wake up.” Time in the story is divided into past and present. In the past, the heroine was the wife of a bright blond man, a beautiful, sociable woman, she had friends, acquaintances, there was another life; “...then everything faded away, all my past life and all my past acquaintances.” And in the present, in addition to memories, there are attempts to return to the circle of a past life: “Several times a year, a mother and daughter go out to visit, sit at the table, and then the mother perks up, starts talking loudly and props her chin with one hand and turns around, that is, she looks like she belongs here.” But before going to her former acquaintances, she “chooses those houses and those days on which the bright blond does not go to visit his new wife.” And after the heroine carefully asks to visit, she “runs to the grocery store for another bottle, and then to the kindergarten for her daughter.” How different the present life of a lonely drinking woman is from her past! But there are two more heroes in the story - the heroine’s ex-husband and his new wife. Petrushevskaya is a master of detail, of the exact word. The main feature of the ex-husband’s appearance is bright: “bright blond with bright red lips.” The portrait makes a repulsive impression, which is intensified through the narration of the life of his ex-wife and daughter and through the characterization of his new wife, a woman of “a tough type who does not

gives away nothing to anyone." Just a few strokes, and the portrait of a “henpecked”, weak-willed, effeminate man is ready! He is not interested in either the fate of his ex-wife or the fate of his daughter. In order to emphasize the contrast between the past and present life of the heroine, the author uses antitheses: evening - morning, who is no one, quiet - loud, the heroine's past life and the present, the heroine is a new wife, life is a dream. The writer conveys the hopelessness of the life of the mother and daughter, their loneliness through the frequent use of negative pronouns and adverbs in a small work: nobody is used three times, nobody and nothing are used twice, never occurs. It is no coincidence that the writer does not give names to her heroines, because they have lost themselves, lost hope for the best. The story has a ring composition, which emphasizes the isolation of the heroine’s life and her hopelessness. The meaning of the title of the story is that the mother and daughter are looking for happiness in the world of dreams, in the land of divine dreams: “they immediately fall asleep in order to return to the country that they will leave in the morning...”. And this country is so different from everything that surrounds them! The narration is told from a third person, there is no clearly expressed author's attitude to the events described, it is like an observation from the outside, but not from an impartial observer, but from a person who is not indifferent to what is happening to us. In such a small work, Petrushevskaya raises the most important moral and philosophical problems: the problem of loneliness, the collapse of the family as a spiritual whole, the problem of drunkenness, indifference, betrayal. On the one hand, the writer exaggerates the colors in her depiction of the everyday life of the heroes and their destinies, but, on the other hand, behind this one can feel the pathos of denial of such reality, a protest against human indifference, against the loss of one’s “I” and the meaning of life. And I agree with E. Nevzglyadova, who writes about the stories of L.S. Petrushevskaya: “The image of decay does not yet carry decay, the negative aspects of reality, described reliably and talentedly, contain an active charge of humanity and compassion, encourage

reconsider the way of life to a much greater extent than open calls and condemnation expressed by the author. This has always been the case in Russian classical literature.”

Master class “Formation of UUD in an extracurricular reading lesson”

Tsypysheva Valentina Viktorovna,

MBOU secondary school in Karlykhanovo village

teacher of Russian language and literature, category I

Literature lesson in 11th grade based on the story “Country” by L. Petrushevskaya

Explanatory note

The main task of a literature lesson is to teach life. You can hear a reasonable remark that it is impossible to teach this. We may not be able to teach, but we have the power to create conditions, demonstrate examples and make people think: what is the right thing to do in a given situation. And the situation of choice and the search for the right solution is the projection of our life. Therefore, for the master class, I chose an extracurricular reading lesson in the 11th grade on a small, but, in my opinion, unusually meaningful and polemical work by L.S. Petrushevskaya “Country”. This text is not included in the mandatory minimum content of literary education. But I believe that it is advisable to demonstrate it to 11th graders to prepare for the Unified State Exam, because The plot takes place in our time, and these problems are relevant today.

The author of this work, L.S. Petrushevskaya, is known to children from the linguistic fairy tale “Battered Pussy” from an elementary school textbook and from the cartoon “Hedgehog in the Fog,” in which she is the author of the script. Also, for educational work in class, with the aim of preventing drug addiction, alcoholism and smoking, we read and analyze her story “Glitch”. The story “Your Circle” contributes to the education of mercy, responsiveness, sincerity, and responsibility for one’s actions, which are so lacking in our lives. These stories allow us to think about how not to become callous in our lives, not to remain indifferent to people. They can also be taken to prepare for the Unified State Exam, as a way to use argumentative material.

PURPOSE OF THE MASTER CLASS:

broadcast of pedagogical experience on the formation of UUD in an extracurricular reading lesson based on the story by L. Petrushevskaya “Country.

TASKS:

Personal : education of moral qualities of self-awareness, responsibility, responsiveness, empathy.

Educational: improve communication skills.

Cognitive : developing text analysis skills through reading and writing;, formation of critical thinking; the ability to analyze, highlight the main points, generalize and draw conclusions, and create your own texts.

Regulatory : demonstrate the connection between critically reading an author’s text and creating your own; show the effectiveness of using Petrushevskaya’s story as part of educational work and preparation for the final certification of graduates; increasing interest in reading the works of L. Petrushevskaya.

EQUIPMENT : texts of the story “Country” 1 pc. for each person, a photo of the country, a drawing-illustration for the story (mother and daughter), colored square stickers (red, yellow, green).

Progress of the master class

1. Introducing the audience to the text “Country” by L. Petrushevskaya.
2. Challenge - referring to the title of the story, what associations do you have with the possible content of the text?

Creating a cluster

Conclusion: A country is a state that has its own borders, land, with cities, villages located on it and people living on its territory.

1. Getting to know the text through reading and interpretation. Techniques:

• "Reading with stops"(reading is carried out in parts, each part is analyzed and predictions are made about further content. When answering questions, children make assumptions about the content, talk about their associations, feelings, expectations, what was confirmed from the assumptions, and what - they explain their answers.

First part of the text:

Lyudmila Petrushevskaya

A country

* * *

Who can tell how a quiet, drinking woman lives with her child, unseen by anyone in a one-room apartment. How every evening, no matter how drunk she is, she puts away her daughter’s things for kindergarten, so that everything is at hand in the morning. She herself has traces of her former beauty on her face - arched eyebrows, a thin nose, but her daughter is a lethargic, white, large girl , doesn’t even look like her father, because her father is bright blond with bright red lips. The daughter usually plays quietly on the floor while the mother drinks at the table or lying on the ottoman. Then they both go to bed, turn off the lights, and in the morning they get up as if nothing had happened and run through the cold, in the dark, to the kindergarten.

How did you feel?

What's going on in this woman's soul?

What surprises you about this fragment?

Let's turn to portraits.

What worries you?

So, before us is the main character: lonely, drinking with traces of her former beauty, invisible to anyone, with a lethargic daughter in her arms, withdrawn into her monotonous everyday life. And life in a big city goes on as usual and passes by without noticing it.

Reading fragment 2.

Several times a year, mother and daughter go out to visit, sit at the table, and then the mother perks up, starts talking loudly and rests her chin with one hand and turns around, that is, she pretends that she belongs here. She belonged here while the blond man was her husband, and then everything faded away, all her past life and all her past acquaintances. Now we have to choose those houses and those days on which the bright blond does not go to visit his new wife, a woman, they say, of a tough type, who does not let anyone get away with anything. And so the mother, who has a daughter from the blond, carefully calls and congratulates someone Happy birthday, she stalls, mumbles, asks how life is going, but she doesn’t say that she will come: she’s waiting. He waits until everything is resolved there, at the other end of the telephone line, and finally hangs up and runs to the grocery store for another bottle, and then to kindergarten to get his daughter.

How do you assess the woman's behavior in this episode?

Why is she calling where she no longer belongs?

How do those around her treat her?

Still, the woman is waiting, hoping that everything will change, she is trying to return to that life, but the big city does not accept her, it is silent. And then hopelessness and again “to the grocery store for a bottle”

Reading part 3.

It used to happen that until the daughter fell asleep, there was no talk of any bottle, and then everything became simpler, everything went by itself, because it doesn’t matter to the girl whether her mother drinks tea or medicine. The girl really doesn’t care, she quietly plays on the floor with her old toys, and no one in the world knows how they live together and how the mother calculates everything, calculates and decides that there is no harm if the same amount of money that It would have been spent on lunch, it will be spent on wine - the girl is well-fed in kindergarten, but she herself doesn’t need anything.

We tried to look into the twilight of our heroine's heart.

What happened in such a short period?

What's especially scary?

What can this lifestyle lead to?

How pressing is this problem?

This is a problem in our modern society; it is no coincidence that it is raised in modern cinema.

Similar events could happen anywhere and to anyone. However, as one Roman philosopher Seneca said, “as long as a person lives, he should never lose hope.”

How do you think the story will end?

Reading fragment 4.

And they save, turn off the lights, go to bed at nine o'clock, and no one knows what divine dreams the daughter and mother have, no one knows how they touch the pillow with their heads and immediately fall asleep to return to the country that they will leave again early in the morning to run along a dark, frosty street somewhere and for some reason, when you should never wake up.

What dreams do mothers and daughters have?

The life of a big city and the life of a single woman go like two parallel worlds that for some reason cannot intersect.

Why?

Each person has his own country, which he can plunge into in difficult times. Unfortunately, for mother and daughter, such a country turned out to be a dream, a kind of illusion.

What needs to be done to make the illusion turn into reality?

What examples of female fighters can you think of from fiction?

What examples can you give in the modern world?

The final part repeats the beginning, the ring composition creates the effect of the infinity of such a life.

• Double diary

As you read, you need to fill out a table consisting of 2 columns: in the first, write down phrases from the text that made the greatest impression, caused protest and even misunderstanding, in the second - a comment.

Fill out the right side of the table. What literary devices does Petrushevskaya use?

• “Thick and thin questions” -techniques that develop questioning skills. (“thin” questions are reproductive questions that require a one-word answer, “thick” questions are questions that require reflection, additional knowledge, and the ability to analyze);

The class is divided into groups (differentiated approach) and, depending on the composition and level of the group, the children are asked to write questions for their classmates, aimed at further working with the text and understanding it.

• Key words + formulating problems + looking for the author’s position (for the Unified State Examination)

Mother, daughter, bottle, past life, dreams - problems of loneliness, responsibility, dependence on bad habits, uselessness, forgetfulness, a little person - the author’s position: How every evening, no matter how drunk she is, she folds her daughter’s things for kindergarten...

4. Results. Compiling the final cluster and comparing it with the first:

Let's go back to the beginning of the lesson. What could be hidden under the heading “country” now that we have read the text? What country is the story about? For the heroes of the story, such a country turned out to be a dream.

Associations for the word country after reading the story. The country is my world (metaphor).

1. Reflection.

What is going on in your heart now, after reading it?

We may not have answered all the questions today. But the good thing is that we have thought about serious problems. For each of us, our own country, our own world begins at home. Now I propose to build the country of my occupation from a multi-storey building (we draw a rectangle with chalk on the board - the future multi-storey building), where the windows will be colored stickers.Red windows - “I will use the material in practice, but I will recycle it”yellow windows – “I will use it in my practice”,green windows - “not needed for practice.”

1. Homework - creative interpretation of the text:

• Writing a creative work “A Year Later.”Imagine yourself as writers and write a continuation of the story, what happened to the characters a year later.
• Writing an essay “What would I like to change in the country in which the heroes of the story live?” “What does the heroine deserve: justice or mercy?”

• Letter in a circle (involves a group form of work. Each group member has a notebook and a pen, each writes down several sentences on a given topic, then each passes the notebook to a neighbor, who must continue his thoughts, the notebooks are passed on until each notebook returns to its owner) .

Municipal educational institution

“Secondary school No. 26 with in-depth study of individual subjects” in Nizhnekamsk, Republic of Tatarstan

Analysis of the theme and idea of ​​Lyudmila Petrushevskaya’s story “Country”

Prepared by the teacher

Russian language and literature

Volkova Marianna Romanovna

Nizhnekamsk 2010

Volkova Marianna

Romanovna

teacher of Russian language and literature

Municipal educational institution "Secondary school No. 26 with in-depth study of individual

items"

Nizhnekamsk Republic of Tatarstan

Student performance: Petrushevskaya Lyudmila Stefanovna - prose writer, playwright.

Born on May 26, 1938 in Moscow into the family of an employee. She lived through a difficult, half-starved childhood during the war, wandered around visiting relatives, and lived in an orphanage near Ufa. After the war, she returned to Moscow and graduated from the Faculty of Journalism of Moscow University. She worked as a correspondent for Moscow newspapers, as an employee of publishing houses, and since 1972 as an editor at the Central Television Studio.

Petrushevskaya began to compose poetry early and write scripts for student evenings, without seriously thinking about writing. The first published work was the story “Across the Fields,” which appeared in 1972 in Aurora magazine. From that time on, Petrushevskaya’s prose was not published for more than ten years.

The very first plays were noticed by amateur theaters: the play “Music Lessons” (1973) was staged by R. Viktyuk in 1979 at the studio theater of the Moskvorechye House of Culture and was almost immediately banned (published only in 1983). The production of “Cinzano” was carried out by the Gaudeamus Theater in Lviv. Professional theaters began staging Petrushevskaya’s plays in the 1980s: the one-act play “Love” at the Taganka Theater, “Colombina’s Apartment” at Sovremennik, “Moscow Choir” at the Moscow Art Theater. For a long time, the writer had to work “on the table” - the editors could not publish stories and plays about the “shadow sides of life.” She did not stop working, creating joke plays (“Andante”, “Columbine’s Apartment”), dialogue plays (“Glass of Water”, “Insulated Box”), a monologue play (“Songs of the 20th Century”, which gave the name to the collection of her dramatic works ).

Petrushevskaya's prose continues her dramaturgy in thematic terms and in the use of artistic techniques. Her works represent a kind of encyclopedia of women's life from youth to old age: “The Adventures of Vera”, “The Story of Clarissa”, “Xenia’s Daughter”, “Country”, “Who Will Answer?”, “Mysticism”, “Hygiene” and many others. In 1990, the cycle “Songs of the Eastern Slavs” was written, in 1992 - the story “Time is Night”. She writes fairy tales for both adults and children: “Once upon a time there was an alarm clock,” “Well, Mom, well!” – “Fairy Tales Told to Children” (1993); “The Little Sorceress”, “A Puppet Romance” (1996).

L. Petrushevskaya lives and works in Moscow.

Goal setting: write a miniature essay on the topics: “The meaning of the title of L. Petrushevskaya’s story “Country.”

What name would you give it?

b) work with words - keys: write them down in a notebook and try to draw a plot based on them.

2. Text stage - comprehension: reading the text/story by the teacher. Work on the text.

A country.

Who can tell how a quiet, drinking woman lives with her child, unseen by anyone in a one-room apartment. How every evening, no matter how drunk she is, she puts away her daughter’s things for kindergarten so that everything is at hand in the morning.

She herself has traces of her former beauty on her face - arched eyebrows, a thin nose, but her daughter is a lethargic, white, large girl, who doesn’t even look like her father, because her father is bright blond with bright red lips. The daughter usually plays quietly on the floor while the mother drinks at the table or lying on the ottoman. Then they both go to bed, turn off the lights, and in the morning they get up as if nothing had happened and run through the cold, in the dark, to the kindergarten.

Several times a year, mother and daughter go out to visit, sit at the table, and then the mother perks up, starts talking loudly and rests her chin with one hand and turns around, that is, she pretends that she belongs here. She belonged here while the blond man was her husband, and then everything faded away, all her past life and all her past acquaintances. Now we have to choose those houses and those days on which the bright blond does not go to visit his new wife, a woman, they say, of a tough type who does not let anyone get away with anything.

And so the mother, whose daughter is from a blond man, carefully calls and congratulates someone on his birthday, stalls, mumbles, asks how life is going, but she herself does not say that she will come: she waits. He waits until everything is resolved there, at the other end of the telephone line, and finally hangs up and runs to the grocery store for another bottle, and then to kindergarten to get his daughter.

It used to happen that until the daughter fell asleep, there was no talk of any bottle, and then everything became simpler, everything went by itself, because it doesn’t matter to the girl whether her mother drinks tea or medicine. The girl really doesn’t care, she quietly plays on the floor with her old toys, and no one in the world knows how they live together and how the mother calculates everything, calculates and decides that there is no harm if the same amount of money that It would have been spent on lunch, it will be spent on wine - the girl is well-fed in kindergarten, but she herself doesn’t need anything.

And they save, turn off the lights, go to bed at nine o'clock, and no one knows what divine dreams the daughter and mother have, no one knows how they touch the pillow with their heads and immediately fall asleep to return to the country that they will leave again early in the morning to run along a dark, frosty street somewhere and for some reason, when you should never wake up.

mother

Distribute the text to students, complete the description .

What did you do?

From student essays:

“Before us is the main character of the story: a lonely, drunken woman, “with traces of her former beauty on her face.” She is the “invisible” mother of that sluggish, white, large girl who seems to be no longer needed by anyone, playing with old toys. I lost my past, I lost my happiness. She became isolated in the current world of everyday life, existing only quietly in her one-room apartment. “Everything is not going well in this apartment...” writes Alsou Rakhmatullina.

“Despite all the hardships, the woman is trying to get her past back. He especially looks forward to those couple of days a year to get out on a visit and feel like he is among people, to perk up, to live at least for some moment the same life as before. Indeed, while visiting old acquaintances, a woman’s past life returns, although she is no longer treated in the same way as she was treated before, when “the blond man was her husband.”

This same “bright blond” with feminine features evokes a repulsive feeling in me. And his new chosen one of a “hard type,” as I believe, is the complete opposite of his former wife. But it seems to me that the mother is still waiting for the return of her daughter’s father, each time waiting “until it is decided there, at the other end of the telephone wire.” And again, in despair, he “runs to the grocery store for another bottle.” (from the composition of Ziyatdinova Aigul)

“Similar events, full of immorality, could happen to anyone, anywhere. However, as the Roman philosopher Seneca said, “As long as a person lives, he should never lose hope.” Everyone has their own “country” into which they can plunge “in moments of spiritual adversity.” For mother and daughter, this only country is a dream, which, unfortunately, will someday be interrupted “to run along a dark, frosty street somewhere and for some reason, while it would be necessary to never wake up.” - quote Daminova Irina.

Teacher:

-What could be hidden under the heading “Country”?(The answers voiced the idea that Oblomov had his own country, he strove there in a dream; they remembered the dreams of the heroine of Chernyshevsky’s novel Vera Pavlovna; they suggested that in a short story this word was in some figurative sense).

-How is the heroine characterized?

- What do we want to know about her after these words?(Why does this woman drink? How can you be “invisible to anyone”? Why are things called “things”?)

Which Can you ask questions so that the answer to them helps reveal the content of everything you read?(Why does a woman drink? Why the repetitions of “past”, “past”? Why the mention of the new wife of the “bright blond”? Etc.)

-The epithet “divine dreams” stands out from the general structure of the story. Why is it needed?(Opinions were voiced that a woman’s life is opposed to the Country of God, i.e. light, goodness; that this drinking woman also has God living in her soul...)

Write the first sentence to your essay on the topic.

What three arguments can you give? Write it down.

(The short story reflects current problems. Of course, the problem is not only that a woman drinks, although this is a social problem and requires resolution.)

Homework: write a miniature essay of 200 words “The meaning of the title of L. Petrushevskaya’s story “Country.”

References:

1. Kyakshto N.N. Petrushevskaya // Russian writers: Bibliographer. Dictionary: In 2 hours – Part 2. – M., 1998. – p. 184–187.

Internet resources:

Literature lesson 9th grade based on Petrushevskaya’s story “Country”

SUBJECT: Big city -...... big loneliness. Based on the story “Country” by L.S. Petrushevskaya.TARGET: creating conditions for deepening the skills of analyzing a work of art through the inclusion of various media materials.

TASKS:

1. improve the skills of analyzing literary texts, expand the educational space of students through media means.

2. develop students’ monologue speech and critical thinking.

3. to form the moral qualities of an individual through the analysis of problems raised in media texts: a work of fiction, a feature film.

4. cultivate tolerance as an integral component of communicative culture.

EQUIPMENT: slide film, musical accompaniment, envelopes with fragments of text on the tables.

EXPECTED RESULT: development of an active life position of students through the analysis of literary text.

During the classes

Org. Moment

Motivational-target block

A) Introduction to the topic (video fragment of movement in a big city)

Have you watched the video, what associations did you have?

Make an associative series associated with this frame.

(slide 1)

Before us is the life of a big city, a country, a modern society that is always on the move.

Let's now try to peer into the faces and eyes of people walking around the city.

What do you think can be seen there?

Make an associative series.

We made two rows.

What problem is being highlighted?

(slide2)

B) topic

Therefore, the topic of our lesson is:

Big city - big loneliness

How do you understand these words?

What problem do we need to solve?

Write down in your notebooks the question you would like answered.

Who wants to voice it?

(slide)

Lord forbid that I should not hear someone else’s misfortunes

God forbid, if you hear, you won’t help.

Rina Levinzon “Stanzas of the century)

And today in class we will try to look into the twilight of the hearts of the heroes of L. Petrushevskaya’s story “Country”

What is characteristic of Petrushevskaya’s prose?

(post-modernism,Postmodernism is one of the leading trends in literature; postmodernism makes extensive use of quotations from public works.

Postmodernism is a set of trends in artistic culture associated with the abolition of the distinctions between “high and low”, “beautiful and ugly”. Representatives of postmodernism fill their works with fragments of the real life process.

The story is called "Country". What do you think this piece might be about?

Write your guesses in your booklet.

B U K L E T!

We predict by the title of the work.

We will read the text, making stops, and try to understand why the author gave such a title to the story?

3.Process

Block

(slide5) Fragment-by-fragment reading of text

Reading and analysis of 1 fragment by the student

What did you feel and what surprised you in this fragment?

Let's turn to the portraits of the heroes.

What worries you?(It’s surprising that she’s invisible to anyone, quiet; it’s alarming that she has traces of her former beauty, i.e. external changes. Her daughter is a sickly girl...) - So, before us is the main character: lonely, drinking with traces of her former beauty, to no one invisible, with a lethargic daughter in her arms, she closed herself off in her monotonous life. And life in a big city goes on as usual and passes by without noticing it.

Imagine what's next?(Write your forecast in the logbook)

Reading the second fragment. A student is reading.

Guess what characterization the author will give to a little girl who is being brought up in such a family?

Complete the mother's characteristics

and daughters.

We have a third character in the story - THE FATHER

What characteristics does the author give him, and what follows from this?

What words in this fragment attract special attention? They scream about trouble, which at first glance does not exist.

Emphasize them.

Did anything ever happen? How was your day?

But the woman still waits, hopes that everything will change. She tries to return to that life, but the big city does not accept her and is silent. And then hopelessness and again “to the grocery store for a bottle.”

Why are details needed to describe appearance?

(They carry neither psychologism nor the author’s assessment - only external signs).

Reading 3 fragments.

We tried to look into the twilight of our heroine's heart.

What happened to her in this short period?

( external changes are replaced by internal ones... nothing is needed)

What's especially scary?

(the hobby has become a habit, others don’t care)

What can this lifestyle lead to?

(female alcoholism)

How relevant is this problem in the modern world?

Three words are intentionally left out in this passage. Taking into account all of the above, the author’s thoughts, you will add them a little later.

Why do they go out and not go to visit?

How does the mother behave when visiting?

What new do we learn about the girl’s father?

What does a woman expect from these visits?

What words say that the visit does not bring joy, need, that they are alone here again?

(Before reading 4 fragments, make a cluster “Everyday life of a lonely woman”)

Does the following passage add anything to the understanding of the woman's character? (The word “runs” draws attention. Where is the woman rushing? What has become the purpose of existence?)

Unfortunately, such events could happen anywhere and to anyone. However, as one Roman philosopher Seneca said, “as long as a person lives, he should never lose hope.”

How do you think the story ends?

(Slide6)

Reading 4 fragments - Read the last fragment and highlight the features of the composition. (Repeats the beginning, the ring composition creates the effect of the infinity of such a life.)

What kind of dreams do you have?

Who told us how a quiet, drinking woman lives with her daughter?

What has people's indifference led to?

To loneliness. Mother and daughter are lonely and forgotten people.

What dreams do mothers and daughters have?

Divine

Why don't mother and daughter want to wake up?

They don’t want to return to a life whose meaning has been lost.

What is the word dream associated with in this story?

Is the title of the story “Country” apt?

Illusion

A Country Called Illusion

Our heroes created a country called ILLUSION and are happy only there.

They want to get out of loneliness, but they can’t do it alone, and there are no caring people nearby.

So what country are we talking about?

The life of a big city - society and the life of a lonely person sometimes goes in parallel, like two worlds that for some reason cannot cut one's teeth.

The story's most poignant point?

What words can describe the feeling after reading the story?

Group work

Let's draw a conclusion after working in groups

1-Artistic features of the story

3-Features of story composition

4.Result.Reflection

Why can't they cross paths?

Let's go back to the questions you asked at the beginning of the lesson and add the title of the lesson topic"Big city, big loneliness"

Each person has his own country, which he can plunge into in difficult times. Unfortunately, for mother and daughter this country turned out to be the land of dreams, i.e. some kind of illusion.

What needs to be done to make the illusion turn into reality?

Slide Which aphorism will help our heroine find a way out of this situation?

D\Z

How do you feel now and what would you like to change in your life or in the life of the heroine. You will write about this in your essay.