Interesting articles about museums of poets. Geniuses lived here: houses and apartments of great people, open to the public

Villas of that time of great Russian writers

Today, June 10, 2015, the Leo Tolstoy Museum-Estate “Yasnaya Polyana” turns 94 years old. Today we decided to remember and tell you about the estates and estates of great Russian writers.

Museum-Estate of L.N. Tolstoy "Yasnaya Polyana"

The foundations of the museum were laid by L. N. Tolstoy’s wife, Sofya Andreevna, who carefully preserved not only the writer’s belongings, but also the furnishings of the entire Yasnaya Polyana house.

She brought into the system the letters stored in the estate and provided assistance to researchers working on the biography of Tolstoy. His daughters Tatyana and Alexandra took a great part in the life of the estate in the first two decades after the death of Lev Nikolaevich, and the first guide to Yasnaya Polyana was written by the writer’s eldest son Sergei seven years before the official opening of the museum.

Basics of Yasnaya Polyana
mortgaged by L. N. Tolstoy’s wife Sofya Andreevna

House of Leo Tolstoy

In 1918, the Council of People's Commissars adopted a special resolution, according to which local authorities were obliged to protect the estate “with all the historical memories that are associated with it.” The right to lifelong use of the estate was assigned to Sofia Andreevna.

In 1928, Yasnaya Polyana
has already received 8 thousand visitors

And two years later, on June 10, 1921, the government adopted a resolution according to which Yasnaya Polyana was declared a state museum-reserve. From now on, all estate plantings and buildings, including the interiors of Tolstoy’s House, were to be preserved intact. The “commissioner-keeper of the museum” was supposed to be responsible for this; The writer's youngest daughter, Alexandra Lvovna, was appointed to this post.

Museum-reserve of I. S. Turgenev “Spasskoye-Lutovinovo”

The fate of Turgenev's estate after the writer's death was dramatic. Books, portraits, manuscripts, family valuables and memorable relics were distributed to the heirs. Much has disappeared forever. Turgenev's empty house was destroyed by fire in 1906.

Spasskoye-Lutovinovo, estate of Ivan Turgenev

It was only thanks to the foresight of the new owners, the Galakhovs, that the ancient library and memorial items were removed in advance and mostly preserved. During the years of the civil war and unrest, the estate turned out to be ownerless and poorly guarded.

The remaining premises fell into disrepair and were plundered. Some buildings were dismantled. Over the course of a number of years, Turgenev's estate was rented out - first to private individuals, later to agricultural artels, a state farm and a local school. The pearl of the estate - Turgenev Park - has gone wild and has suffered greatly from logging.

The pre-revolutionary provincial museum, which nominally took care of the estate, despite the attempts of its head P. S. Tkachevsky, turned out to be powerless to stop the process of its desolation.

A turning point was the celebration of the 100th anniversary of Turgenev’s birth in 1918. In Orel, in the Galakhov house nationalized for this purpose, a library-museum named after I. S. Turgenev was opened, which subsequently had a beneficial effect on the position of Spassky-Lutovinov.

The surviving part of Turgenev's property - books, furniture, manuscripts, memorial items - were declared national property.

In 1918, the surviving Turgenev property
declared national property

In 1976, the house of I. S. Turgenev was restored in Spassky-Lutovinovo. The original items have been returned here. The interiors have been revived. In September 1976, the memorial exhibition was opened to visitors. On August 28, 1987, by Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Federation No. 351, it was given the status of a State Memorial and Natural Museum-Reserve.

"Tarkhany" - Lermontov Museum-Reserve

Tarkhany (now the village of Lermontovo) is the former estate of M. Yu. Lermontov’s grandmother, where the great poet spent his childhood and adolescence.

Tarkhany

Here he spent half of his short 26-year life. His ashes rest here, and in the family chapel-burial vault there is not only the grave of M. Yu. Lermontov, here is the grave of his mother, grandfather and grandmother. Next to the chapel is the grave of the poet's father, Yuri Petrovich Lermontov.

Lermontov Museum "Tarkhany"
is a monument of federal significance

Barsky Pond

The picturesque estate with ponds, gardens, parks, centuries-old linden and elm trees preserves the memory of the time when the poet lived there.

In the Lermontov Museum "Tarkhany"
life of the first half of the 19th century was recreated.

The main manor house in Melikhovo.

Melikhovo is one of the main Chekhov museums in Russia, which is located in the vicinity of the city of Chekhov, Moscow region. Here from 1892 to 1899 the writer lived with his parents and close relatives. Before leaving for Crimea, Chekhov sold this estate, and after the revolution it fell into disrepair.

The decision to create the museum as a branch of the Serpukhov Museum of Local Lore was made in 1939. In 1941, the museum opened to visitors, and Pyotr Nikolaevich Solovyov became its first director. The writer’s sister, M. P. Chekhov, and his nephew S. M. Chekhov took an active part in recreating the furnishings of Chekhov’s house.

Collection of the Chekhov Museum in Melikhovo
has more than 20 thousand exhibits

Actors perform a story from Chekhov on the veranda of his house
at Melikhovo, June 2011

Melikhovo is a venue for concerts, theater and music festivals, exhibitions, and Christmas trees. Its most interesting section is the creative heritage of artists from the Chekhov family.

The collection of photographs stored in the museum-reserve is the history of the life of the Melikhovo house, this is a genuine gallery of portraits of A.P. Chekhov and people close to the writer in his literary, theatrical and social activities

In 1951, one of the first monuments to a writer in the USSR was erected on the territory of the museum (sculptor G. I. Motovilov, architect L. M. Polyakov)

Memorial Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin “Mikhailovskoye”

Full name - State Memorial Historical, Literary and Natural Landscape Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin “Mikhailovskoye”. The total area of ​​the reserve is 9800 hectares.

Manor house in Mikhailovskoye

In 1899, on the centenary of the birth of A.S. Pushkin, Mikhailovskoye was purchased from the poet’s heirs into state ownership. In 1911, a colony for elderly writers and a museum in memory of A.S. Pushkin were opened in the estate. Almost 20 years later, the Mikhailovskoye, Trigorskoye, Petrovskoye estates were looted and burned.

On March 17, 1922, on the basis of a resolution of the Council of People's Commissars, the Mikhailovskoye, Trigorskoye estates and the grave of A.S. Pushkin in the Svyatogorsk Monastery were declared protected. By 1937 (the centenary of the death of A.S. Pushkin), the poet’s house-museum in Mikhailovsky, as well as some other buildings, were restored.

During the Second World War, Mikhailovskoye was badly damaged.
It was restored by 1949.

Since 2013, by order of the Government of the Russian Federation, the State Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin “Mikhailovskoye” received the status “A noteworthy place associated with the life and work of A. S. Pushkin in the village of Mikhailovskoye and its environs in the Pushkinogorsky district of the Pskov region.”

A large and great country must have a large and great literary heritage, and not only book heritage. We have selected twenty of the most interesting memorable places in the life of Russian writers.

Turgenev's estate in Spassky-Lutovinovo

The Turgenev estate had a difficult fate - after the death of the writer, most of the valuable things were dismantled by the heirs, and the house itself burned down. Something was saved thanks to the new owners, the Galakhovs - they took out the old library and some of Turgenev’s personal belongings in advance. But in general, the estate, along with the beautiful park, fell into disrepair. The anniversary of the writer, who would have turned 100 in 1918, helped prevent its further destruction. The new Soviet government took this place under protection and turned it into a museum. But the house itself was restored only in 1976. It was here that Ivan Turgenev wrote his “Fathers and Sons”, “The Noble Nest”, “On the Eve”, “Rudina”, “The Inn” and several other works. Famous contemporaries - Fet, Nekrasov, Aksakov and others - visited the writer at the estate.

Pasternak Museum in Chistopol

Chistopol is a small town in Tatarstan, 130 kilometers from Kazan. During the Great Patriotic War, it became a refuge for the Union of Soviet Writers - many famous literary figures lived here during evacuation. Among them are Akhmatova, Aseev, Tsvetaeva and Pasternak. The latter has his own memorial museum here - a small mansion of the late 19th century, where Pasternak lived and worked during the war. On the second floor of the house there is an exhibition “Chistopol Pages”. She talks about Pasternak's Chistopol period and his relationships with evacuated colleagues. The museum also displays the writer's everyday items, including his desk. The interior is so well preserved that it seems as if the famous owner himself is about to enter the room.

Historical and Memorial Museum of M.V. Lomonosov in the Arkhangelsk region

The name Lomonosov primarily evokes associations with science, but we should not forget that Mikhail Vasilyevich was also an excellent writer. Belinsky called him the founder and father of Russian poetry. Therefore, the museum in the village of Lomonosovo, located on the site of the family estate of the famous scientist and poet, is of particular importance, including for those who are interested in Russian literature. The house of the Lomonosov family itself has long been gone, but the pond that was dug by Mikhail Lomonosov’s father Vasily Dorofeevich has been preserved. The museum itself features six exhibitions telling about different areas of the great man’s work, including poetry.

Yeletsk Bunin Museum

If suddenly fate one day brings you to the city of Yelets, be sure to visit the Bunin Museum. The landmark is a long hut with carved white trim. The museum was opened in the late 80s, its appearance was preceded by serious research work. The fact is that Bunin lived in different places in Yelets; in the end, a house was chosen where he spent three years of his life, being a student at the Yelets boys’ gymnasium. The atmosphere of the late 19th century is very faithfully recreated in the museum space. Bunin's personal belongings, books with his autographs and other important rarities are on display.

Mikhailovskoye is the real spiritual homeland of the main Russian poet.

Pushkin's estate in Mikhailovskoye

Mikhailovskoye is the real spiritual homeland of the main Russian poet. This noble estate was donated by Empress Elizabeth Petrovna to Pushkin’s great-grandfather Abram Hannibal. Since 1818, the estate belonged to the poet’s mother Nadezhda Osipovna; her famous son spent two of his exiled years here and truly reached creative maturity. Several chapters of “Eugene Onegin”, the tragedy “Boris Godunov” and dozens of different poems were written in Mikhailovsky. The Pushkin estate today houses a museum with an exhibition recreating the interiors of the poet’s time. And this is where you should look for the house of Pushkin’s nanny Arina Rodionovna.

Tyutchev Museum in Ovstug

Ovstug is the small homeland of Fedorov Tyutchev, here he was born and spent his childhood. In Ovstug in Tyutchev, the same romantic poet-lyricist that we all know him as from school took shape. Alas, the estate that today serves as a museum is not the true family estate of the Tyutchevs. The poet's family house suffered the same fate as many other noble houses of the past - desolation and then complete disappearance. Tyutchev's house was recreated in 1985 according to the design of the architect Gorodkov. It has three halls telling about different periods of the poet’s life, two memorial rooms, as well as rooms dedicated to his relatives and descendants.

Leskov Museum in Orel

For Russian literature, Orel and its surroundings are of particular importance - many famous writers and poets lived and worked here. But Nikolai Leskov is perhaps the main literary symbol of the city. In Orel, the writer has his own museum - a picturesque wooden estate on Oktyabrskaya Street, which in Leskov’s time was called Verkhnyaya Dvoryanskaya. It must be said that Leskov himself never lived in this house - the mansion was built only in 1874, when the writer was already an adult and lived in St. Petersburg. However, the house was built exactly on the spot where the Leskov family’s family estate was previously located. Leskov's son Andrei Nikolaevich found out the historical location.

Blok Museum in Shakhmatovo

The official name of this place is very long - State Historical, Literary and Natural Museum-Reserve A.A. Blok. The estate is located in the Solnechnogorsk district of the Moscow region. Blok spent every summer here, and we can safely say that it was Shakhmatovo that became the spiritual homeland of the poet. Here he wrote at least 300 works. Mention of the surroundings of the estate can be found in Blok’s “On the Railway” and “All this was, was, was.” And, of course, Blok’s heartfelt affairs are connected with Shakhmatovo - here he met his Love with a capital L - the daughter of the famous chemist Mendeleev, Lyubov Dmitrievna Mendeleeva. It is not surprising that the poet would later call Shakhmatovo “his native place” in which he “spent the best times of his life.”

Nekrasov's estate in Karabikha

In 1861, the year of the abolition of serfdom, Nikolai Nekrasov purchased an estate for a summer holiday in the village of Karabikha - a large residence in the classicist style, which was once owned by Prince Mikhail Golitsyn. It was here that Nekrasov would later write the poems “Frost, Red Nose”, “Russian Women”, and also work on his main work “Who Lives Well in Rus'”. After the Civil War, the administration of the state farm was located in the estate, and only in the forties was restoration carried out and a memorial museum was opened. Among the exhibits are Nekrasov's first editions, seven books from his personal library and magazines in which he published.

Ostrovsky Museum-Reserve in Shchelykovo

“What rivers, what mountains, what forests!” - Alexander Ostrovsky described the town of Shchelykovo in the Kostroma region in his diary. Here, starting in 1867, the great Russian playwright spent 4-5 months after he and his brother bought his father’s estate from his stepmother. It is believed that it was Shchelykovo that most inspired Ostrovsky, but it also greatly undermined his spirit. This happened after local peasants tried to set fire to his house. This shocked Ostrovsky so much that his hands and head were shaking until his death; he did not live long after that. In the preserved Ostrovsky House Museum there are many original items of the playwright, including an antique piano, to the accompaniment of which his wife Maria Vasilievna often sang.

Museum-estate "Krasny Rog" A.K. Tolstoy

The Tolstoy family, as you know, was rich in literary talents. One of the offspring - Alexey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, writer, poet and playwright - is familiar to us from the novel “The Ghoul”, “Prince Silver”, the trilogy “The Death of Ivan the Terrible”, “Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich” and “Tsar Boris”, as well as from lyric poetry like the poem “Among a noisy ball by chance.” Since 1861, Alexei Tolstoy moved permanently to his family estate in Krasny Rog - a small, cozy “hunting castle”. Here he lived until his death and was buried in the tomb of the 18th century chapel next door. Unfortunately, the house burned down during the war and had to be rebuilt.

Yesenin Museum-Reserve in Konstantinovo

On the high bank of the Oka River, 43 kilometers from Ryazan, the village of Konstantinovo is located. The poet Yesenin was born here, and his museum is located here today. This is a whole complex of buildings, but its heart is a small, most ordinary log Russian hut, the parental home, where the poet came on vacation in the 20s. Here is a Dutch oven, near which Yesenin slept in the cold season, and here is a bucket samovar, which was used for family tea parties - the interior of the house is very lively, conveying the family atmosphere of the Yesenins as reliably as possible. Behind the house is a barn built back in 1913. For the summer, Yesenin set up his bedroom and study here.

Darovoye and Dostoevsky's estate

Darovoye is an estate in the Moscow region (formerly Tula province), where Fyodor Dostoevsky spent his childhood. The estate was bought by the writer's father; it consisted of 260 acres of land. Later, he also bought the neighboring village of Cheremoshnya - instead of with Darov, they turned into the family estate of the Dostoevskys. Next to the estate grew a very picturesque birch forest, which young Dostoevsky loved so much that it was nicknamed Fedya’s Grove by his relatives. Today, instead of birches, aspens grow in this place, but they say that the museum’s management wants to restore the grove. For Dostoevsky, Darovoye and Cheremoshnya turned out to be a tragic place - the writer’s father died here under mysterious circumstances, and it was rumored that he was killed by peasants. The writer would later reflect this sad fact in his “The Brothers Karamazov.”

Museum-Estate "Yasnaya Polyana"

This place does not need special recommendations - perhaps even people far from Russian literature know that Leo Tolstoy lived and worked here. Tolstoy was born in Yasnaya Polyana, worked right there, and was buried right there. The main building on the territory of the estate is Tolstoy’s house itself, where everything is as it was during the writer’s life, his personal belongings and a library of 22 thousand books. The estate was badly damaged during the war and, they say, almost burned down, but the house was saved.

House of Anna Akhmatova and Nikolai Gumilyov

In the Tver region, not far from the village of Gradnitsa, there was once the village of Slepnevo. There was a wooden house in which the poets Anna Akhmatova and Nikolai Gumilyov lived. In the thirties, a school in Gradnice burned down, so the house in Slepnevo was carefully dismantled and transported to Gradnice. For a long time, rural children studied there, and only in 1989, on the centenary of the birth of Anna Akhmatova, the house was turned into a museum. Gumilyov and Akhmatova lived in this simple Russian estate from 1911 to 1917, as reported by a memorial plaque. The house has two floors and several rooms where the personal belongings of the poets are preserved.

Lermontov Museum-Reserve “Tarkhany”

Tarkhany is perhaps the most famous Lermontov place in Russia. Here, in a small estate of the 19th century, the Lermontov Museum, opened in 1939, is located. The poet spent his childhood and youth on this estate, here he met his first love, suffered the death of his mother and separation from his father, and began to learn about science and art (young Lermontov had a very good library). Finally, his ashes rest in Tarkhany. Among the rarities that the museum stores are the poet’s personal belongings (pipe, cigarette box, box, part of a scimitar handle). In addition, the main work of Lermontov the artist is presented here - the painting “Caucasian View near the Village of Sioni”.

Tsvetaeva's house in Yelabuga

Elabuga is a small, very cozy and neat town in Tatarstan. One of its main attractions is the house of Marina Tsvetaeva, where she was settled in 1941 and where she spent the last years of her life. The museum exhibition here was opened relatively recently - in 2005. The atmosphere of those years is reproduced in the house and Tsvetaeva’s personal belongings are presented. The most valuable exhibit is a morocco notebook, which was taken from Tsvetaeva’s pocket after her death. There is also a lock of the poet's hair and her daughter's powder compact.

Chekhov Museum in Melikhovo

This is one of the main Chekhov museums in Russia. The writer lived here for seven years of his life - from 1892 to 1899. Here is Chekhov's house and the very outbuilding where the famous “The Seagull” was written. Nearby is the so-called Alley of Love, along which Anton Pavlovich often walked. The museum in Melikhovo has no less than 29 thousand exhibits, including paintings by artists and friends of Chekhov - Levitan, Polenov, Seryogin and others.

Museum-Estate "Muranovo" named after F.I. Tyutcheva

This ancient noble estate of the 19th century is located 50 kilometers from Moscow. Two famous poets lived here at different times - first Evgeny Baratynsky, according to whose drawings the estate was built, and then Fyodor Tyutchev, whose family heirlooms and manuscripts are kept today in Muranov. The complex combines several buildings: the main manor house, the house church of the Savior Not Made by Hands and several other buildings. All this is surrounded by a very picturesque park with a partially preserved system of ponds.

Peredelkino, House of Writers

Peredelkino near Moscow is, of course, first of all the Writers' Town, the famous literary dachas where all the main characters of Russian-language literature of the 20th century lived in the last century. The list really turns out to be very long - from Isaac Babel to Andrei Voznesensky. The Writers' Town was created on the advice of Maxim Gorky - in the thirties, the Literary Fund allocated funds for the construction of 50 dachas based on German designs. You can talk about the literary life of Peredelkino for a very long time - every square centimeter here is saturated with literature. By the way, it was in Peredelkino that Korney Chukovsky arranged readings of his works to all the surrounding children.

The founder of Russian symbolism lived here from 1910 to 1924. At the beginning of the last century, regulars of this house were Balmont, Bely, Yesenin, Benois, Baltrushaitis, Lanceray, Severyanin, Khodasevich, Mayakovsky and many others.

After the poet's death, his widow preserved the furnishings in the house, and then the museum staff recreated the atmosphere of the Silver Age. There are a lot of books, paintings - gifts from contemporary artists, manuscripts, etc. In addition, manuscripts and lifetime editions with autographs of outstanding representatives of the Silver Age are stored, thematic excursions and lectures on the Symbolists, Acmeists, Futurists and interactive classes for schoolchildren are held.

Address: Prospekt Mira, 30 (metro Prospekt Mira)

Museum-apartment of V.I. Dahl

The Dahl House is one of the oldest wooden houses in Moscow. Here the creator of the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language” lived from 1859 until his death (1872). The exhibition includes an album from the scientist’s library, drawings donated to the museum by his great-granddaughter, a lifetime edition of Dahl’s Dictionary, a collection of “Proverbs of the Russian People” and the complete collection of the writer’s works in 10 volumes from 1898.

Address: st. B. Gruzinskaya, 4/6, bldg. 9 (m. Barrikadnaya)

Museum-apartment F.M. Dostoevsky

The museum is located in the northern wing of the ensemble of the former Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor, which was called

Bozhedomka. Dostoevsky's father worked there as a doctor. Fyodor Mikhailovich lived in this wing from 1823 to 1837 - until his departure to St. Petersburg. This apartment of his childhood was never rebuilt, and the museum in it was opened back in 1928 based on the collection of documents of Anna Grigorievna Snitkina, the writer’s second wife. The exhibition contains partially preserved furniture, portraits of Fyodor Mikhailovich’s parents, immediate ancestors and relatives, bronze candelabra (from his brother’s collection), the first book in Dostoevsky’s life, “One Hundred and Four Selected Stories of the Old and New Testaments,” and much more.

Address: st. Dostoevsky, 2 (m. Dostoevskaya)

House-Museum of M.Yu. Lermontov

This year, on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the poet’s birth, the museum reopened after restoration. The wooden mansion was built immediately after the fire of 1812. The then young poet lived here from 1829 to 1832 with his grandmother Elizaveta Alekseevna Arsenyeva. The restorers preserved the decoration style of the noble house of the first half of the 19th century. The exhibition includes many family portraits of Lermontov, his books, papers, etc. The museum hosts literary readings.

Address: st. M. Molchanovka, 2 (metro Arbatskaya)

House-Museum of A.N. Ostrovsky

You should definitely visit this museum, even if you are not at all interested in literature. The ancient wooden two-story house and small garden seem to be frozen in time - this will be a real trip to the 19th century. The exhibition consists of personal belongings of the playwright, his family and friends, household items from the century before last, sketches of scenery and costumes for Ostrovsky’s plays, photographic portraits of actors, posters, and manuscripts. The museum often hosts meetings with artists from the capital's theaters and one-man performances. And for Christmas they decorate a beautiful tree.

Address: st. M. Ordynka, 9/12, building 6 (metro Tretyakovskaya)

Museum-apartment of A.N. Tolstoy

The house was part of the Ryabushinsky estate, which was built by the famous architect Fyodor Shekhtel. On the second floor in 1941-1945, Alexei Nikolaevich’s apartment was located. The furnishings of the office, living room and corridor have been completely preserved here. The bookcases housed the writer's working library - works by Russian and foreign classics, Soviet writers, books on art, folklore, Russian and world history, literature about the eras of Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great, and the Civil War. Many books have notes from the owner. Tolstoy himself selected antique furniture, paintings, and dishes for the apartment, and was fond of both European and Oriental art. And in the living room, on the sofa, by the way, sits a wooden Pinocchio.

Address: st. Spiridonovka, 2/6 (metro station Arbatskaya)

House-Museum of A.P. Chekhov

He lived in the building, which the writer himself called a “chest of drawers,” for four years, from 1886 to 1890. Chekhov wrote that “the color of the house is liberal, that is, red,” and its walls still look the same as they did during the writer’s lifetime. The owner's office and bedroom, the rooms of his brother and sister, and the living room were restored according to the drawings and descriptions of Anton Pavlovich's relatives.

In this house, Chekhov was visited by Tchaikovsky, of whom the writer was a great admirer. On Anton Pavlovich’s desk there is a photograph with the autograph of Pyotr Ilyich. In three halls of the house and an extension there is a historical and literary exhibition dedicated to the life and work of Chekhov: portraits of the writer by Serov and his brother Nikolai Chekhov, autographs, lifetime editions of works, a rare collection of photographs of the owner and his entourage, theater posters, mock-ups of the first productions. Chekhov's plays. A separate exhibition hall is dedicated to the trip to Sakhalin Island. There are very educational excursions here, during which you can get acquainted with a completely different Chekhov - not a boring portrait from a textbook, but a living person, cheerful, observant, paradoxical. For example, you will learn that Anton Pavlovich, who was a very attractive man, had many fans, whom his relatives jokingly called “Antonovkas.”

Literary Museum-Center K.G. Paustovsky

This is not a memorial museum, but a museum created by enthusiasts and fans of the writer. The exhibition is located in the “Gardener’s House” of the Vlakhernskoe-Kuzminki estate, which in its appearance perfectly matches the works of Konstantin Georgievich. Since the middle of the 19th century, this house was rented out as a summer cottage to city dwellers who wanted to spend the summer in nature. The house got its name “Seraya Dacha” because of the coloring of the facade. The main exhibition is dedicated to the life and work of the writer. Exhibitions, concerts, conferences, and excursions take place here. In addition, the museum publishes the literary and artistic magazine “The World of Paustovsky”.

Address: st. Kuzminskaya, 8 (metro station Ryazansky Prospekt)

Museum of I.S. Turgenev

The writer's museum in the memorial house on Ostozhenka was opened to visitors just five years ago. Turgenev's mother lived in this mansion in the 1840s and 50s. Ivan Sergeevich often visited her. And the events described in “Mumu” ​​took place in this estate. In the halls of the front suite of rooms on the first floor of the house there is an exhibition dedicated to the life and work of Ivan Sergeevich.

Address: st. Ostozhenka, 37, building 7 (metro station Kropotkinskaya)

P.S. In our review, we did not cover many museums, such as, for example, Bulgakov’s “Bad Apartment,” the Vysotsky House on Taganka, the Mayakovsky Museum on Lubyanka, etc. There are about three dozen literary museums in the capital, and a lot of interesting things awaits you in each. For detailed information about the work of museums, see their websites.

Charles Dickens and his wife Catherine moved to 48 Doughty Street in April 1837 and lived there until November 1839. It was at this time that Dickens completed the publication of The Pickwick Papers, and also published his famous stories - Oliver Twist and Nicholas Nickleby.
The writer's house was under threat of demolition in 1923, but was bought by the Dickens Society, which had existed for over twenty years by that time. The building was renovated, and on June 9, 1925, a house museum was opened here, which contains exhibits telling about Dickens’s writing career, works, era, personal and family life.

2. House-Museum of Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russia, Staraya Russa

The house in Staraya Russa, Novgorod region, became Dostoevsky’s first real estate. Until 1876, the writer’s family lived only in rented apartments.
It was in Staraya Russa that Dostoevsky completed the novel “Demons,” which he began abroad, and created “The Brothers Karamazov.” And it was in this house that he wrote the famous “Pushkin” speech, which became his last public appearance.
The date of foundation of the museum is considered to be May 4, 1909. The Dostoevsky house survived the revolution and the Civil War, and even during the Great Patriotic War, when Staraya Russa was almost completely destroyed, the Dostoevsky house miraculously survived.

3. Mark Twain House Museum, USA, Hartford

The Mark Twain Museum in Hartford is a reconstruction of the house where the author and his family lived from 1874 to 1891. Twain wrote his most significant works here, including The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court.
Opened in 2003, this museum provides guests with the opportunity to learn more about Mark Twain, his family, historic home and legacy. In addition, it has a wonderful website, a visit to which is no less interesting than a visit to the museum itself: http://www.marktwainhouse.org.

4. Bulgakov Apartment-Museum, Russia, Moscow

The first and only Bulgakov memorial museum in Moscow opened only 4 years ago and was located at the writer’s first Moscow address - on Bolshaya Sadovaya, house 10, apartment 50. Here, in one of the rooms of the communal apartment, the Bulgakov family lived their first hungry Moscow years. The image of a bad home haunted the writer for a long time - and it was this communal apartment that became the prototype of the legendary “bad apartment” from the novel “The Master and Margarita”.
Today the “bad apartment” is a museum where you can immerse yourself in the environment of the Moscow period of Bulgakov’s life. A “bad staircase” leads to it, on the walls of which fans of the writer’s work have been leaving their notes and sketches for almost half a century.

5. House-Museum of Honore de Balzac, France, Paris

The Balzac House Museum is located in the sixteenth arrondissement of the French capital on Rue Reinouard. The writer lived here for seven years - from 1840 to 1847.
A special feature of Balzac's house is the presence of two entrance doors, one of which not everyone notices. The back entrance is located below the main building on the hillside. Some biographers of the writer cite the reason for his appearance as the frequent need to hide from numerous creditors who visited the house of the eternally penniless writer to get their money back.
Today, manuscripts, caricatures and engravings of Balzac are kept here, and next to the house there is a small garden where the writer himself loved to spend his time.

6. Museum-apartment of Maxim Gorky, Russia, Nizhny Novgorod

This museum was opened in 1971 in the house where Maxim Gorky lived from 1902 to 1904. The number of premises it has makes it difficult to call the Gorky Museum an “apartment”. Here is the office of Ekaterina Peshkova, the wife of Alexei Maksimovich; and a guest room, nicknamed “Chaliapin’s” because the famous opera singer stayed there in 1903; a living room, a children's room, a bedroom, a small dining room, the room of Ekaterina Peshkova's mother and, in the end, the office of the writer himself. A tour of such an “apartment” will definitely take more than one hour.

7. Goethe House Museum, Germany, Frankfurt am Main

Goethe's house in the long row of the street still looks like a real Frankfurt mansion of the 18th century. However, this is not evidence of history, but the result of the efforts of restorers. The bombings of World War II destroyed not only the house where Goethe was born, but also the entire street. With the help of the writer's notes and notes, his home was carefully and in detail restored in the traditions of architecture and interiors of the era.
Now the house-museum houses an impressive collection of the writer’s original things: portraits and paintings, pieces of furniture, and Goethe’s original autographs.

8. House-Museum of Leo Tolstoy, Russia, Yasnaya Polyana

The Tolstoy House Museum is just part of the huge Yasnaya Polyana family estate, located in the Tula region. Here the writer was born and created such world-famous works as “War and Peace” and “Anna Karenina”. His grave is also located here. The museum was created in 1921 in the wing where Tolstoy lived. The writer's son and daughter became the first directors of the museum. During the Great Patriotic War, Yasnaya Polyana was occupied for 45 days. During the retreat of the Nazi troops, Tolstoy's house was set on fire, but the fire was extinguished. By May 1942, the estate was reopened to visitors.

9. Hugo House Museum, France, Paris

In 1832-1848, the outstanding French writer Victor Hugo and his beloved Adele Foucher rented an apartment on one of the floors of the house at number 6 on Place des Vosges. It was here that he wrote Ruy Blas, Mary Stuart and Les Misérables. Now this building houses the Hugo House Museum, managed by the municipality of Paris. The museum was opened on the centenary of the writer’s birth - in 1902 - and is dedicated to his life and work. A huge number of drawings and manuscripts by Victor Hugo, copies of the first editions of his works, as well as paintings and sculptures dedicated to Hugo are stored here.

10. Literary and Memorial Museum-Reserve of Chekhov, Russia, Melikhovo

Chekhov's Melikhovo estate includes a manor house, an outbuilding built by the writer in 1894 to accommodate guests and which became the place of his literary work, a garden, a vegetable garden, and the Aquarium pond, on the shore of which Chekhov loved to sit with a fishing rod.
Melikhovo reflects Chekhov's activities as a writer, doctor, and public figure. The collection of the museum in Melikhovo includes more than 18 thousand exhibits. Manuscripts, personal belongings of the writer, books, photographs, furniture, visual materials, paintings by artists - friends of the writer: I. Levitan, V. Polenov, N. Chekhov and others are stored here.