Countess Sheremeteva in Nikitsky with an apartment building. Garden Ring road

Praskovya asked her husband for a long time to open a hospice house where homeless, poor, crippled people could receive free treatment and a roof. The couple together chose a place for construction on what was then the outskirts of Moscow, behind Zemlyanoy Val near Sukharevskaya Square. The first project of a charitable institution was developed by Bazhenov’s student, serf architect Elizvoy Nazarov. The house church in the center of the building divided it into two wings, a hospital and an almshouse. The convenient entrance for delivering patients was decorated with double columns. Sheremetev’s extensive charitable activities were glorified by the court poet Gabriel Derzhavin:

No, no, not such luxury
Today he is glorified in the world,
The tables passed like an empty dream.
Guests soon forget them:
But by doing so he gained everyone’s love,
What he gave to the poor, he covered the sick.

After the death of his wife, the inconsolable Count Sheremetev instructed his friend, the architect Giacomo Quarenghi, to rebuild the building of the Hospice House so that it would become a majestic monument to his deceased wife. The worthy but simple building of Nazarov had to be turned into a magnificent palace that had no analogues in world architecture.

Architect Giacomo Quarenghi did not go to Moscow for construction, but sent projects, drawings and drawings by mail. His plans were embodied on the spot by Russian architects Mironov, Dikushin and Argunov, who built estates in Kuskovo and Ostankino for the Sheremetev family.

Quarenghi replaced the simple portico with a grandiose semicircular colonnade, which gave the building solemnity and sublimity, decorated the ends of the wings with six-column porticoes, and added four wings to the ensemble. The decoration of the building, its decor and interior details were made from the best and most expensive materials; in total, the count spent three million rubles on construction - a colossal amount for those times.

Nikolai Sheremetev only a few months did not live to see the opening of the Hospice House. It took place on his birthday - June 28, 1810, with a huge crowd of people. The Sheremetev family strictly carried out the will of Nikolai Petrovich, taking an active part in the fate of the house and donating huge sums for its maintenance.

Social activity

According to the spiritual will of Praskovya Sheremeteva, funds were allocated annually for dowries to “poor and orphaned girls.” Girls in need of help drew lots on February 23, the day of memory of Praskovya, and orphan brides were married in the Trinity Church of the Hospice House.

More than 200,000 people received help at home. Since the beginning of the 19th century, the Moscow branch of the Medical-Surgical Academy settled here. By the end of the century, the hospital’s ties with Moscow University were strengthened: in 1884 it became its clinical base. Leading scientists of the country V.D. Shervinsky, S.S. Zayaitsky, N.N. Savinov, S.N. Dobrokhotov and S.E. Berezovsky are introducing advanced treatment methods here.

An important stage in the history of the house was the work of the chief doctor, Alexey Terentyevich Tarasenkov. Under him, hospital care was significantly improved: outdated prescriptions for drugs were replaced, control over their purchase and prescription was established, and regular rounds and examinations of patients were established. He suggested to the then trustee of the house, Count S.D. Sheremetev to open a “coming department” - a free outpatient clinic, as well as a medical fund for issuing benefits to patients upon discharge for the first time, which was done.

During its operation, the Sheremetevskaya Hospital more than once turned into a hospital. After the Battle of Borodino, wounded soldiers and officers were brought here. On the day the French entered Moscow, the house was empty, 32 infirm and elderly people remained in the almshouse, and 11 wounded Russian officers remained in the hospital. Some employees and doctors stayed with them voluntarily. Mistaking the Hospice House for a manor house, the French began to rob it, but when they learned that it was a charitable institution, on the contrary, they posted a guard there. Many valuables were nevertheless stolen. During the fire, the Sukharevsky and Doctor's wings were damaged, only the walls remained. The house took several more years to be restored.

During the terrible cholera epidemic of 1830, no one fell ill in the Hospice House.

During the Crimean War, a sanitary detachment of doctors was assembled here. During the Russo-Japanese War, the infirmary operated on a charitable basis. Later, participants in the revolutions of 1905 and 1917 were treated. In 1919, the Moscow city emergency medical care station was organized in the Hospice House, and since 1923, one of the buildings of the Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after. N.V. Sklifosovsky. The initiative to restore the Hospice House and return it to its former glory belonged to the surgeon Sergei Sergeevich Yudin.

Chief surgeon of the Research Institute named after. Sklifosovsky S.S. Yudin was the elder of the Trinity Church and donated the Stalin Prize for the restoration of its paintings.

In 1986, the Central Museum of Medicine opened here, which in October 1991 received the status of the Medical Museum Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

The ensemble of the Hospice House - the main building, two side wings, two wings in the courtyard, a gate and a fence, a fresco by Giovanni Scotti in the dome of the church, high reliefs in the interiors of sculptors G. Zamaraev and T. Timofeev - is included in the list of cultural heritage sites of federal significance and is included in provisional UNESCO World Heritage List.

Trinity Church

It is assumed that among the figures in the painting of the Trinity Church there are portraits of Praskovya Sheremeteva in the form of an angel with a tambourine and her son Dmitry in the form of a cherub with a palm branch.

According to the architects, the church united all parts of the majestic building. The arrangement and measured rhythm of the columns emphasize the central part of the building under the high dome. The decoration of the temple, made of white Italian marble and green Ural stone, is not inferior to the palace premises. The central altar of the church is dedicated to the Life-Giving Trinity, the side altars are dedicated to Nicholas the Wonderworker and Demetrius of Rostov. The classical simplicity of the lines and the elegance of the decoration give the double-height church hall a feeling of joy; It was not for nothing that the church of the Hospice House was called Vertograd - the Garden of the Lord.

At the end of the 19th century, a funny incident happened. A petition was submitted to the City Council by the owner of the marine exhibition “The Giant Whale”, Wilhelm Karlovich Eglit. The owner of the real whale sought permission to hold his exhibition in different places in the city, but he was unsuccessful everywhere, since to house the giant whale it was necessary to build a temporary booth. Eglit was helped by the intercession of the Imperial Russian Society for the Acclimatization of Animals and Plants, thanks to which permission was given to place a booth in the front yard of the Hospice House. Entrance to the exhibition was paid for everyone except students of city schools. And we can say that the almshouse temporarily sheltered another “homeless person.”

• Hospice house is an outdated designation for an almshouse, a hospital-shelter for the poor and crippled. The best known by this name is the Sheremetevskaya Hospital on Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Square in Moscow, on the basis of which the Sklifosovsky Institute of Emergency Care was organized in 1923.

  Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev, one of the richest men in Russia, conceived the idea of ​​establishing an almshouse in Moscow for 100 people of both sexes and a free hospital with 50 beds in the early 1790s. For the construction of a charitable institution, a plot was allocated “in the Cherkassy vegetable gardens” near the Church of St. Xenia (1649), inherited by the count from his mother, the last princess of the Cherkassy senior line.

  The design of the Hospice House was commissioned from the Moscow architect Elizvoy Nazarov, who “assisted” with his relative Vasily Bazhenov and learned many of his architectural techniques. From the side, the building looks like a monumental noble estate with the main building recessed towards the park - the Trinity Church, above which a semicircular belvedere rises. The front yard is formed by two semicircular wings, extended far towards the Garden Ring and forming a horseshoe in plan.

  Although private charitable institutions existed in Moscow for a long time (for example, the Kurakinsky almshouse), the monumental architecture and urban planning scope of Count Sheremetev’s project had no precedents. Construction was carried out from 1792 to 1807 by serf architects P. I. Argunov, A. F. Mironov, G. E. Dikushin. For the maintenance of the establishment, the count deposited 500 thousand rubles along with income from his estates in the Tver province. The Sheremetevs continued to finance the hospital until the nationalization of their estates in 1917.

  The “ceremonial half-arc of an open double colonnade” in front of the Trinity Church was designed in 1803, when the count’s beloved wife, the former serf actress Praskovya Zhemchugova, passed away. The memorial character of the project of the Hospice House was given by the master of classicism - Giacomo Quarenghi, who, as usual, finalized the drawings “remotely”, without leaving St. Petersburg.

  In its final form, the project acquired sculptural accents from both facades (front and garden), as well as a figured lattice with a central gate and corner belvederes. Marble and light green Ural stone were used to decorate the interiors. The dome of the church was painted by the artist D. Scotti. A sculptural allegory of Mercy was installed in the front colonnade.

  The statutory documents of the hospital, prepared by A.F. Malinovsky, were approved by the Highest on April 21 (May 3), 1803. The grand opening of the Hospice House took place seven years later, on June 28 (July 10), 1810. The first residents of the shelter were retired officers and elderly poor townspeople - former merchants, priests, and officials. During the Patriotic War of 1812, the building housed a hospital, first for the Russian and then for the French army.

  The main caretaker until 1826 was Alexey Fedorovich Malinovsky. Then the Moscow noble assembly elected him as his successor, Sergei Vasilyevich Sheremetev, who was not demanding and was rarely in the house. After him, the main caretakers were: Prince Valentin Mikhailovich Shakhovskoy (in 1835-1839), Count Nikolai Alekseevich Sheremetev (in 1839-1847), Platon Stepanovich Nakhimov (in 1848-1850), Major General Lev Nikolaevich Vereshchagin (in 1851-1860).

  In Soviet times, the historical panorama was distorted by the construction directly behind the ensemble of the Hospice House of a multi-storey building of the Sklifosovsky Institute of architecture typical of the Brezhnev era. The interiors of the main building were changed, the church did not function. Despite the losses, in 1996 the Russian authorities proposed to UNESCO to include the architectural ensemble of the Sheremetev Hospital on the World Heritage List.

  Currently, the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity at the Hospice House of N.P. Sheremetev (N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute) has been restored and operates in the building.

:)
Of course, he was a Freemason :)
here, you can read it here www.katakomb.ru/7/mason.html+graph+Shereme tev%2Bmason&cd=1&hl=ru&ct=clnk&gl=ru
Count Sheremetev Dmitry Alexandrovich - attended meetings of the Chapter of “Astrea” from 3.3.1923. Elevated to 4th Art. 6.10.1923, in the 9th Art. - 3.5.1924, in the 18th century. - 3.1.1925. Head of ritual from June 2, 1926 and in 1928. 2nd guard in 1927. Expert in 1929-1930. 1st guard in 1932-1933 and 1935. Chairman of the chapter in 1933 and in 1937-1938. Member of the chapter in 1951. Elevated to the 32nd Art. in 1934. Member of the Russian consistory until 1937. Elevated to the 33rd Art. in 1938. Ritual director of the Russian Special Council in 1939. Chancellor of it from May 12, 1939.
Sergey Thikston wrote about him (14):
In 1963, the Eternal Count Dmitry Alexandrovich Sheremetev left for the East. He was initiated in 1922, shortly after the founding of the Astrea Lodge, and was its second Secretary. His role in Russian Freemasonry was very great. He was the first Worshipful of the Golden Fleece Lodge, from which the Jupiter Lodge subsequently arose, and subsequently the Worshipful Master of the Northern Lights Lodge.
All of Russia knew the name of the Sheremetevs, who for centuries played a major role in the history of our fatherland. The ancestor of the Sheremetev family was the noble “native from the Prussian lands” Andrei Ivanovich Kobyla, who settled in Russia under Ivan Kalita. The direct ancestor of the late count was Field Marshal General Sheremetev, the hero of the Battle of Poltava, who was awarded the dignity of count by Peter the Great.
All Sheremetevs served in the Cavalry Regiment, the first commander of which was their ancestor.
Count D.A. Sheremetev, after completing his education, also joined this regiment and, during the Great War, was an aide-de-camp to the Commander-in-Chief of the northwestern front, General Ruzsky.
He was probably the last witness to the dramatic events that preceded and accompanied the abdication of the Sovereign and, being through family connections / his father, Count A.D. Sheremetev was a close friend of Alexander the Third, who easily visited the Sheremetevs’ house / was well acquainted with the imperial family, on his The role of intermediary between the Commander-in-Chief and the Sovereign fell to his share.
In Freemasonry, according to Theakston's memoirs, Count Sheremetev occupied a special position. He belonged to that category of brothers who are attracted to the esoteric, mystical and even partly magical side in our Order. At the beginning of his Masonic path, Count Sheremetev was very keen on the works of Guenon and, under the influence of this writer, first began studying Islam, and then Far Eastern religions and Yogism. Subsequently, he moved away from Guenon and, with his characteristic passion, took up pure occultism, astrology, Charot, trying to connect all this with Freemasonry.
On this basis, disagreements arose between brother Sheremetev and some other brothers, as a result of which, in 195~, he left the Russian workshops in which he was a member and moved to the French Lodge "International Friendship", where for many years he held the position of speaker . There, his influence, especially on the young brothers, was extremely great and the fact that the French brothers took his death so close to their hearts, taking upon themselves virtually all the troubles and expenses of the funeral, clearly testifies to the respect and love in which he I'm tailored.
Now, in front of his fresh grave, I would like to realize who, in essence, the late brother Sheremetev was, and it seems to me that the main impulse of his Masonic work was a sincere and deep desire to find something that would bring man closer to God and make his true dedication.
He managed to overcome a lot within himself and completely came to terms with the fact that fate, having given him fabulous wealth, nobility and enormous connections at birth, took everything away from him in his old age. The last years of his life were especially difficult. Old, sick, lonely, without any means, Brother Sheremetev lived under the threat of losing his home, and this last prospect tormented him very much.
But all this did not prevent him from enduring the blows of fate with great dignity and extreme courage, and for me there is no doubt that he drew strength to maintain moral balance precisely from his achievements in dedicated work.
May his rebellious soul find peace and may the foreign land be easy for him.

The death of my wife, Countess Praskovya Ivanovna, struck me so much that I do not hope to calm my suffering spirit with anything other than one benefit for the needy, and therefore, wanting to complete the long-begun construction of the Hospice House, I made a proposal for the structure of it, separating a noble part of my dependents.

Sheremetev attracted Giacomo Quarenghi to the construction. The architect greatly changed Nazarov’s project and turned the building under construction into the “Palace of Mercy”: he added a semicircular rotunda of columns in the central part, decorated semicircular niches with sculptures of the four evangelists by Fontini, remodeled and richly decorated the house church of the Life-Giving Trinity with bas-reliefs and sculpture.

Nikolai Sheremetev did not live to see the completion of construction, but bequeathed a large fortune for the maintenance of the Hospice House and achieved its tax exemption.

During the War of 1812, the building of the Hospice House housed a hospital, first for the French and then for the Russian army. Later, a hospital was set up here for those wounded in the Russian-Turkish War of 1887. The wounded from the fronts of the Russian-Japanese and the First World War were also received here.

But the activities of the Hospice House were not limited only to the walls of the almshouse and hospital. According to the will of Countess Praskovya Kovaleva-Zhemchugova, amounts were allocated annually from his capital for dowries for brides, the poor and orphans, for benefits for raising orphans and other needs. More than 200 thousand people received such assistance.

Since the 1850s, the Hospice House was called the Sheremetev Hospital. It was considered one of the best private hospitals in Moscow, as most medical innovations were used here.

On July 23, 1923, the Sheremetev Hospital was renamed the Sklifosovsky Institute of Traumatology and Emergency Care. Later it began to be called the Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Medicine.

In 1971, a multi-storey clinical and surgical building was built behind the historical building of the Hospital.

Now the Sklifosovsky Research Institute is known to any Muscovite, and its employees strive to make the house accessible to tourists and are working to fill the Museum of the Palace of Mercy.

They say that......the building of the Sklifosovsky Research Institute is surrounded by the ghosts of people whom doctors could not save.
...Nikolai Sheremetev was a member of the Masonic lodge, and therefore on the facade of the hospice house you can see the symbols of free masons.
...the face of one of the cherubs with a palm branch in the painting of the temple was painted by D. Scotti from the childhood of D.N. Sheremeteva, and the face of an angel with a tambourine is from Praskovya Sheremeteva.
... Giacomo Quarenghi did not go to Moscow for construction, but sent projects, drawings and drawings by mail. His plans were embodied on site by the architects Mironov, Dikushin and Argunov.

Hospice house of Count N.P. Sheremetev is located on Bolshaya Sukharevskaya, 3.

"Guided by the immutable duties of the Christian law
and following the impulses of patriotic zeal,
I have long decided that it is imperative to establish a Hospice House in Moscow
for the maintenance in it, at my expense, of the almshouse,
consisting of 100 people of both sexes and of every rank, poor and disabled,
and hospitals for 50 people for non-monetary treatment there,
also every condition of the poor," -
The founder of the Hospice House, Count N.P., wrote to Emperor Alexander I. Sheremetev.

The initial project was carried out by Moscow architect E. Nazarov.
The usual plan of a city estate of that time was applied -
The main building with wings is set back from the street; behind the house there is a park and a garden.

Deciding in 1803 to turn the Hospice House into a monument to his early deceased wife,
Sheremetev hired one of the best architects in Russia at that time -
architect Giacomo Quarenghi (1744-1817).
Instead of a modest portico with paired columns at the entrance, Quarenghi pushed forward
on a third of the courtyard there is a double semicircle of a magnificent open colonnade - a semi-rotunda,
purely for decorative purposes.

The ensemble of the Hospice House, completed by 1807, is recognized
the work of two architects - the Russian Nazarov and the Italian Quarenghi,
who showed here an example of creative cooperation.

Inside the colonnade stood an allegorical marble statue of "Mercy" (now lost).
He also conceived the porticoes in the middle parts of the wings and on the end buildings,
sculpture was introduced (including on the garden facade), figured lanterns were installed
and an elegant lattice fence with an unusual gate was created,
flanked by two low four-column Doric belvederes.

The grand opening of the Hospice House took place a year and a half after
death of the founder and was timed to coincide with his birthday - June 28, 1810.
This event closely coincided with another significant date in the life of Russians and the Sheremetev family - the centenary of the Battle of Poltava, the hero of which was the famous Russian commander and diplomat B.P. Sheremetev, an associate of Emperor Peter the Great.

Quarenghi’s creative intervention also affected the interior decoration of the church, which received a bypass gallery.

For annual maintenance of the House, Count N.P. Sheremetev contributes 500 thousand rubles to the safe treasury,
"comprising this sum from my income", and “represents for this from the estate” income from one of his largest estates in the Tver province - the village of Molodoy Tud.

A plot of land (then a remote outskirts of Moscow) was selected for development on the “Cherkasy Gardens” near Spasskaya Street.
“This vegetable garden passed through marriage ties from the Cherkasy family to the Sheremetev family in the middle of the 18th century,” he mentions in his book “Chronicle of the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity,
that in the Hospice House of Count Sheremetev in Moscow" Deacon A. Pokrovsky.
This part of the lands that belonged to the princes of Cherkassy was brought with her as a dowry by Nikolai Petrovich’s mother, Princess Varvara Alekseevna Cherkasskaya, one of the richest brides in Russia.

On N.P.’s birthday Sheremetev, in the foundation of the future temple of mercy, a foundation stone with a copper plaque was buried at a depth of one and a half meters
in Slavic script: “1792 June 28, the builder of this, Count Nikolai Sheremetev.”
From this moment the stage of creation begins its countdown.

Behind the house, the Ostankino gardener Manners has laid out a vast park, the exit to which from the house is decorated with a double colonnade and a marble staircase in two descents, with elegant carved lanterns.

The hospital has now moved to a new building behind the park.

Today, the Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after. N.V. Sklifosovsky is the largest multidisciplinary scientific and practical center for emergency medical care in Russia. All its divisions provide free round-the-clock highly qualified medical care to everyone who applies for it.
The objectives of the institute are scientific activity, medical care for sick and injured people, training and consulting specialists in the field of emergency medicine.

Quarenghi also designed four outbuildings: Sukharevsky, Spassky, Main Warden and Doctor's.

White two-story building-outbuilding of the Doctor's office. The chief doctor lived here with his family
and was immersed in the life of the hospital around the clock. The building under the green roof is a burn center.
Seriously ill patients are brought here from all over the country. The latest case is the fire in the Lame Horse.

.

All those being treated and living in the hospice house could pray in the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity. It is still open to everyone.

On the other side there was the outbuilding of the Chief Warden, he also lived here with his family,
to always be aware of the needs of the hospital. Now the Directorate is here.

The Hospice House was designed for 150 people: an almshouse (left wing of the building)
per 100 expected
(50 men and women each) and a hospital in the right wing for 50 patients. Alms wing
The house ended with a majestic double-height dining room.

The charity of the House was not limited to the walls of the almshouse and hospital.
Annual sums were allocated for brides' dowries -
"poor and orphaned girls"
"to help families of every condition who suffer poverty"
to help impoverished artisans, to contribute to the temples of God,
for the creation of a library with a reading room, for the burial of the poor and other needs.
More than 200 thousand people received help here.

The painting in the interior of the temple was done by the artist Domenico Scotti.
The composition “Trinitarian Deity in Glory” placed in the dome is particularly expressive.
at the bottom of which the inscription in Latin remains today: “Domenic Scotti
invented and painted in 1805."
According to legend, the face of one of the cherubs (with a palm branch) was painted by Scotty from the childhood of D.N. Sheremetev.
There is an assumption that the angel with a tambourine is a portrait image of P.I. Sheremeteva.

Fate decreed that the talented serf actress, favorite of the Sheremetev theater, Praskovya Ivanovna Kovaleva (stage name of Zhemchugov) played a significant role in the life of Nikolai Petrovich and in the future of the Hospice House.

It is not only her stage talent and enchanting voice that attracts the count’s attention to her.
He himself writes best about this: “I had the most tender, most passionate feelings for her.
For a long time I observed her properties and qualities and found a mind adorned with virtue,
sincerity and philanthropy, constancy and loyalty, found in her an attachment to the holy faith
and the most zealous worship of God.
These qualities captivated me more than her beauty, for they are stronger than all the charms and are extremely rare..."

In 1798, the serf actress received her freedom, and on November 6, 1801, a secret wedding took place in the Church of Simeon the Stylite in Moscow.
Praskovya Ivanovna becomes Countess Sheremeteva.
Undoubtedly the beneficial influence of the Countess, who alone was able to pacify Nikolai Petrovich’s hot-tempered character. They were united by a common goal that overshadowed everything else - the creation of a Hospice House,
defining its purpose as a shelter for the destitute, the elderly and the disabled.

Their marriage did not last long. On February 23, 1803, the Countess passed away, leaving the Count
three-week-old baby Dmitry and “a covenant of regret for neighbors.”
"Her generous hand always extended to poverty and misery... everything was distributed, everything
addressed to help humanity."
By this period, construction of the main part of the building and the left wing was completed.
Construction on the right half began in January.

The sculptor-ornamentalist Santino Piero Campioni created graceful columns
made of light green Ural stone with gilded capitals, columns and balustrade
made of white marble. I.M. was invited to carve wood (the royal doors). Erke.

Talented serfs also worked alongside the famous masters - P.I. Argunov,
A.F. Mironov, G.E. Dikushin and many others, whose names have faded into oblivion.

The interiors of the house church and the White Hall were brought to perfection.
The temple is designed in Italian style. Classic simplicity of lines, elegance of finishing
in combination with the soft colors of the walls imitating artificial marble, the two-tone color of the hall,
chandeliers and sconces sparkling with crystal pendants created a feeling of joy and celebration.
I was amazed by the beauty and elegance of the decoration of the two-color Dining Hall of the almshouse - white,
richly decorated with gilding and stucco, with waxed floors, it had
solemn ceremonial appearance.
.

Nikolai Petrovich is grieving the loss. "The death of my Countess's wife
Praskovya Ivanovna,” he writes in his Spiritual will to his young son, “
struck me so much that I don’t hope to do anything else to calm my suffering spirit,
as only one benefit for the needy, and therefore, wanting to finish what was started long ago
the structure of the Hospice House, I made an assumption about the structure of it,
separating a significant part of my dependency."

The four sails contain images of the evangelists. D. Scotti paints 36 icons in all three
iconostasis and 6 paintings in the royal doors, and on the High Place of the altar in a niche there is
beautiful painting "The Coronation of the Mother of God".

There are three thrones here. The central one is dedicated to the Life-Giving Trinity, the two lateral ones are
Saints Nicholas the Wonderworker and Dmitry the Wonderworker of Rostov, who was especially revered by the Sheremetev family.

Two majestic high reliefs on the side walls of the temple, “The Raising of Lazarus” and “The Massacre of the Innocents by King Herod,” were made by academician of sculpture Gavriil Zamaraev.

At the solemn liturgy, the words of the first rector of the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity, Father A.I., turned out to be prophetic. Otradinsky: “And as long as the sun is darkened, and as long as the world endures, the good deeds of this house will remain unchangeable.”.

Sheremetev's descendants did not remain aloof from the holy work of mercy and strictly fulfilled the count's order "to have vigilant supervision and guardianship of the Hospice House, which I established."

The young Count Dmitry was unable to take care of the House at this time. Its first trustee was, according to the will of the building’s founder, a representative of the Nizhny Novgorod branch, Major General V.S. Sheremetev, through whose labors and concerns the House was “put on its feet.”

In 1824, Count Dmitry Nikolaevich Sheremetev assumed the duties of trustee of the Hospice House and remained as trustee until his death (1871). He is replaced in this post by his son S.D. Sheremetev, who remained a trustee until the 1917 revolution.

Not only the direct descendants of the count took an active part in the fate of this outstanding institution, but also many representatives of other branches of the glorious family (S.V. Sheremetev, N.A. Sheremetev, B.S. Sheremetev, etc.). They were the main caretakers, members of the Council, and contributed large sums of money to maintain the Hospice House and expand the types of charity. Their tireless care, immeasurable kindness and decency preserved a shelter for needy people.

This amazing House has gone through a lot - wars and revolutions, terrible epidemics.
It burned during the War of 1812 and was seriously destroyed, but through the efforts of trustees, caretakers and benefactors, like a Phoenix bird, it was reborn from the ashes to once again fulfill its noble mission.

In 1923, the Sheremetevsk Hospital was transformed into the Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after. N.V. Sklifosovsky.
The most striking period in the history of the institute is associated with the activities of the outstanding surgeon - Academician S.S. Yudin (1891-1954).

Comprehensive restoration of the ensemble of the Hospice House began in 1986 - since that time the building has been occupied by the Central Museum of Medicine, transformed in 1991 into a Research Center.

The curvature of the corridors and rounded ceiling vaults eliminated the usual dullness
public and hospital buildings

Memoirs of B.M. Molokanov, although they belong to a later period, are excellent
characterize the atmosphere of the Hospice House:
“As I now see before my eyes the clean, waxed corridors,
and on the sides are sunlit chambers, painted in a light blue tone,
in which there are clean beds in orderly rows, covered with thick
woolen blankets and light brown robes thrown over the backs.
In front of each bed there is a small rug and shoes. The floors of the chambers are also waxed and shine in the sun."

Sergei Sergeevich Yudin - a brilliant surgeon, talented scientist and
a highly educated person came up with the idea of ​​restoring Sheremetevsky
palace and the creation of a medical museum in it.

Currently, the museum's scientific collections already number tens of thousands of storage units and it is becoming Russia's leading center in the field of the history of medicine, health care and charity.
The museum has prepared and opened exhibitions dedicated to medieval medicine in Europe,
history of charity in Russia, medical posters of the 20th century, history of X-ray technology,
computing technology in healthcare, space and radiation medicine, the activities of scientific centers, as well as memorial rooms of outstanding scientists - S.P. Botkin, S.S. Yudin, P.K. Anokhin, A.D. Speransky, I.V. Davydovsky .

On the site of the house church of St. Xenia, a stone chapel appeared - a favorite place for those in worship.
Built not far from the Hospice House by the princes of Cherkassy (1649) and used only in the summer “for themselves and the servants,” it has seen a lot in its lifetime, burned, rebuilt and rebuilt;
She served the Sheremetevs for a long time, who designated an almshouse for her for “48 His Count’s Excellency’s elderly servants and courtyard people.”

In this chapel they don’t sell anything, everything is for donation. A rare place, isn’t it?

A shelter for the poorest in peacetime, during the years of wars and revolutions, the Sheremetevskaya hospital turned into a hospital. From the first wounded from the Battle of Borodino in 1812 to the injured participants in the revolutions of 1905 and 1917, it received within its walls. During the Crimean War, in the Hospice House, at the expense of S.D. Sheremetev (RUB 157,859) a sanitary detachment is formed from hospital doctors who set up a hospital with 50 beds on the battlefields. Later, during the Russo-Japanese War, an infirmary was created on a charitable basis.

Many generations of Sheremetevs, like the best representatives of the Russian intelligentsia,
leaving into oblivion, they left on the earth the flame of the soul and heart.
These lights formed a luminous chain in the darkness, by which we determine
your path to the heights of the Spirit.

But great changes were taking place in the fate of the Fatherland.
The October Revolution rejected the past: the usual ways of life were broken,
ideas, the spiritual values ​​of many generations were swept aside.
The time of destruction was coming, and the call for it sounded from all sides:
"...We will destroy the whole world of violence to the ground...".
Monuments, temples, palaces were destroyed, familiar street names disappeared.
Together with them, it first disappeared from the façade of the Hospice House,
and then for many years the name of the Sheremetevs disappeared from our memory.

In June 1918, the very name of the Hospice House was liquidated.
The temple was closed, the wooden iconostases were dismantled, and the icons were removed.
Some of the property disappeared, others were transferred to museums. The magnificent one disappeared under the whitewash
painting in the domed hall of the church.
However, even this destructive time was not destined to change
the destined mission of this house is to do good.
Almost seven decades to this beautiful building day and night from all over Moscow
Ambulances were rushing, delivering those whose lives were in danger.
In 1919, in the premises of the former Hospice House, a
Moscow city ambulance station, and since 1923 has been located
one of the buildings of the Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after. N.V. Sklifosovsky.

I apologize for the photo, well, it’s dirty in Moscow). We are in the “White Ring” with Sheremetev’s house in the background.

The Russian House of Mercy is also located under the roof of the Hospice House
with the publishing house "Medicine and Mercy".
Once again, mercy is woven as a living thread into the affairs and names of the Sheremetev Palace,
and the name of the founder sounded with full rights along with the reviving center of mercy.