Monuments of culture and history of the native land. Dmitry Likhachev

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Project “Sights of the Small Motherland”, as a form of popularization of cultural heritage objects and a resource for the formation of universal learning activities for students Author: Valentina Viktorovna Erokhina, history teacher of the Klemovskaya Secondary School, Serebryano-Prudsky district, Moscow region

Project goals: 1. Popularization of cultural heritage sites. 2. Using the potential of regional history for the development of students: developing an active citizenship through participation in the development and implementation of a social project, involving them in research activities, creating conditions for creative activity, and opportunities for personal self-realization. 3. Cultivating interest in the history of the native land.

Objectives: 1. Research of historical and cultural monuments of the village of Serebryanye Prudy. 2. Familiarization with the laws of the Russian Federation “On objects of cultural heritage (monuments of history and culture) of the peoples of the Russian Federation” and the Moscow region. “On objects of cultural heritage (monuments of history and culture) in the Moscow region” 3. Development and conduct of an excursion “Monuments of history and culture of the village of Serebryanye Prudy." 4. Development of a virtual excursion "Monuments of history and culture of the village of Serebryanye Prudy."

The main stages and timing of the project: 1. Statement of the problem, goals and objectives of the collective project 2. Preparation of the excursion - creation of a creative group - study of materials from the school historical museum, the media and accumulation of materials on the topic; -organization of consultations; - identification and specific study of excursion objects; - drawing up an excursion route; -detour of the excursion route; - drafting the text of the excursion; - compilation of a “tour guide’s portfolio”; - drawing up cards of excursion sites - drawing up a methodological development of the excursion; - conducting a trial tour 3. Presentation of the project.

Planned results: Subject-specific UUD: familiarization with the laws of the Russian Federation “On objects of cultural heritage (historical and cultural monuments) of the peoples of the Russian Federation” and the Moscow region. “On objects of cultural heritage (monuments of history and culture) in the Moscow region,” - expansion of knowledge on history and culture of the native land.

Regulatory UUD: -defining the goals of the activity, drawing up an action plan to achieve a creative result, -working according to the drawn up plan, comparing the resulting result with the original plan. Communicative UUD: - organize interaction in a group, - if necessary, defend your point of view, arguing it.

Cognitive UUD: -guess what information is needed, -select the necessary sources, -compare and select information received from various sources.

Personal results: - everyone chooses an object of cultural heritage, plans his own story, the student’s performance demonstrates the degree of his talent, the ability to captivate listeners, his oratory abilities, - development of students: the formation of an active civic position through participation in the development and implementation of a social project, introducing them to research activities, creating conditions for creative activity, opportunities for personal self-realization.

Over the past 10 years, more than 2.5 thousand monuments have been lost in the Russian Federation. Annual losses amount to 150-200 monuments. Let's preserve our native history!

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Lesson project "My small Motherland is my village"

“My small Motherland is my village” using modern educational technologies (person-centered learning technology, project method, collaboration technology). Lesson format: level...

Project "Our small Motherland. Along the old Ryazan road."

A few pages from the history of the village in which we live. The material was collected together with students for the 70th anniversary of the Ramensky district....

Prepared by:

Senior counselor

Dobrovolskaya A.N.

village Zhaltyr

"From the past to the present

builds the future"

Objective of the project: to intensify the work of the Astrakhan Museum of History and Local Lore to develop the creative potential of the individual, educate spiritual and moral values, the qualities of a citizen and patriot, attract attention to the problem of preserving monuments and actively involve them in nurturing love for the Fatherland and respect for the past.

Project objectives:

Mastering knowledge about the history of the creation of monuments in the Astrakhan region

Formation of independent, creative-searching, cognitive

activities

Development of civic and patriotic qualities, instilling teamwork skills

Collection and systematization of materials about the history of monuments, heroes - fellow countrymen, to whom the monumental heritage is dedicated, WWII veterans, Afghan soldiers who were the first virgin lands.

Involving students in local history activities

Creation of a database about WWII participants, virgin lands workers, home front workers, victims of the totalitarian regime

Introducing young people to the glorious past of the village, region, reading books on local history

Release of the collection “People of the Astrakhan Land”

Creation of a slide film “What the obelisks are silent about...”

Historical experience poses social, spiritual and organizational problems to Kazakhstani society. The structure of education and upbringing determines culture, patriotism and citizenship as the main priorities in this matter. Patriotism fits organically into the education of a person in the 21st century; the idea of ​​patriotism should become the core around which high socially significant views, feelings of conviction, positions and aspirations of children and adolescents, their readiness and ability in the future to take active action for the good of the Motherland will be formed.

Today we encourage our children to know, understand and love the history of their country, their people. But all this will be in vain if it is not supported by an active feeling of love for the past, for that long-past life.

We adults are concerned about the vandalism of the younger generation: mangled bus stops, painted walls of entrances, etc. We are trying to find an answer to the question: “Why does this happen?” And we come to the conclusion that value deformations in the consciousness and behavior of young people are associated with the overall absence of a national idea with the patriotic meaning of serving the Fatherland on the basis of the unity of personal, public and state interests.

Thanks to the project “Monuments – Keepers of the History of the Native Land”, the patriotic possibilities of local history material are obvious, which allow expanding the knowledge of a modern citizen not on abstract ideals, but on examples from the lives of specific people - fellow villagers, on events from the life and history of their village.

The daily life of past generations contains heroic and tragic pages, thanks to acquaintance with which education moves from the sphere of general reasoning into the field of reconstructed real historical roots.

The monuments of the Astrakhan region play a huge role in this, and they became the object of our project.

The creation of monuments is a memory of the heart and gratitude to fellow countrymen. The monumental heritage contains a treasure trove of memories of the past. After all, the entire chronicle of the past and experiences rests in them - in these seemingly silent monuments. They are the connecting links between centuries and generations. These are not only historical monuments, they are a source of pride for our Motherland, this is part of our small Motherland, therefore, by preserving and studying the memorable heritage of the ancestors of our village, region, we preserve the history of our region as part of the history of our Motherland - the Republic of Kazakhstan.

I would especially like to note that all the monuments in the village of Astrakhanka were erected during the years of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan, this emphasizes the significance and relevance of the project “Independence is the right of the people to freedom”, dedicated to the 24th anniversary of the Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which reveals the patriotic ideals of the Kazakh people in the years democratic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. After all, the main source of a sense of citizenship and patriotism is the memory of the past.

What made us work on this project?

We conducted a survey at school on local history, knowledge of the history of villages, the region, the exploits of heroes - fellow countrymen, the heroic past of Astrakhan residents, memorable heritage and concluded that young people have poor local knowledge of the history of the region.

And it is possible to learn about this local history material by studying the memorable heritage of our fellow countrymen.

According to the terms of the project, it is necessary to collect material about the history of the monuments, their creators, fellow countrymen-heroes placed on the obelisks; it is also planned to conduct excursions with students of the Astrakhan region, on-site correspondence lessons and excursions about the memorable heritage of the Astrakhan region to schools in the region by members of the local history club “Istok” at DDT. The museum council made a slide film “What the obelisks are silent about...” about the monuments of the Astrakhan region, and a huge amount of work has also begun to collect material for a book about the heroes - Astrakhan residents “People of the Astrakhan Land”.

Local history work for this project makes it possible to organize excursions, carry out educational tasks to study the history of monuments, their heroes, and meetings with famous fellow countrymen.

The theme of memory raised in the project “Monuments – Keepers of the History of the Native Land” is especially relevant and important on the eve of the celebration of the 20th anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan. But we would like for us to remember the significant pages of the history of our Motherland not only on the eve of important dates, so we created this project, which promotes interest and respect for history among the younger generation.

Project implementation

Stage I– Preparatory collection and systematization of information.

Creation of a unified database of village and district monuments

Preparation of material about the history of the creation of monuments and heroes - fellow countrymen,

whose exploits the obelisks are dedicated to. Production of booklets and albums.

Making the film “What the Obelisks Are Silent About...”

Meetings with WWII veterans, internationalist soldiers, pioneers,

repressed.

Creation of texts for excursions to monuments

Certification of monuments and obelisks in the region.

Development of scenarios for lessons from the series “Memory of the Heart”, “At the Eternal Flame”,

“Learn from the heroes to protect the Fatherland”

Creation of a living museum of memory - a documentary film “Living Voices of Victory” about WWII veterans and rear soldiers.

Stage II– The main one is conducting excursions to the monuments of the Astrakhan region “At the Eternal Flame”, “Afghanistan - My Pain”, “What the Obelisks Are Silent About...”, “Virgin Land - a Feat of Generations”, “No One is Forgotten - Nothing is Forgotten”, “Three Stones” the sorrows of the Astrakhan people."

Conducting a “memorial caravan” of lessons in schools in the region from the series “Monuments – Keepers of the History of the Native Land”

Presentation of the collection “People of the Astrakhan Land” (about fellow countrymen whose feats are dedicated to obelisks and monuments)

Essay competition “The folk trail will not be overgrown”

Excursions and museum lessons are held with the invitation of the public and fellow countrymen of the Astrakhan region.

Carrying out patriotic events that educate the younger generation using examples of the courage and heroism of veterans, promoting the prestige of serving the Motherland.

Presentation of the documentary film “Living Voices of Victory.

Expected result:

As a result of the project, a unified local history information database of monuments in the Astrakhan region will be created, as well as printed and electronic products about monuments, obelisks, memorial signs, memorial plaques on streets named in honor of fellow countrymen will be prepared. These materials will be addressed to schoolchildren, youth, teachers, and anyone interested in the memorial heritage of our fellow countrymen.

A slide film “Monuments – Keepers of the History of the Small Motherland” and a documentary film “Living Voices of Victory” will be created. In addition, a series of lessons will be developed: “What the obelisks are silent about...”, “Memory of the Heart”, “At the Eternal Flame”,

“Learn from the heroes to take care of the Fatherland” and brochures with the text of excursions to memorable places in the Astrakhan region were published, a book of memory “People of the Astrakhan Land” was created. This truly invaluable material will allow us to preserve for posterity the memory of our fellow countrymen, World War II participants, virgin lands, famous fellow countrymen, and monuments of the region. All events will contribute to the most important thing - civic-patriotic education and enlightenment of youth, development of interest among students in local history and research activities.

About those who will never come again,

I implore you, remember!

R. Rozhdestvensky

There are values ​​that cannot be forgotten, one of them is the memory of the past. In our village, obelisks were erected in memory of our fellow countrymen who died during the tragic periods of our history.

They remind us living today that such sad events should never happen.

Obelisks are a message about peace, history, pain, suffering, love for the Motherland, a message about peaceful life, memory and continuity. At the bottom of the photo there is a memorial sign, read the words engraved on it, these words from the past are addressed to each of us: “We appeal to your memory, people, and we appeal to your hearts, do not allow our fate to become your fate” Remember !!!

On the eve of the 40th anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany in 1985, an obelisk was opened to the heroes who died in the Great Patriotic War on the central square of Astrakhan.

The names of the Astrakhan citizens who died in World War II are carved on the obelisk. In total, 1,500 fellow countrymen went to the front, 1,075 soldiers died.

Many fought at the front as part of the 310th Infantry Division, which defended Leningrad, ensured the transportation of military cargo along the road of life, as well as near Rzhev.

HISTORICAL REFERENCE:

The 310th Rifle Division was formed in Akmolinsk in August 1941. It took part in the battles near Leningrad in 1941-1942, near Volkhov in 1943, in the Novgorod offensive operation (January-March 1944), after which it was given the name Novgorod. The division took part in the liberation of Karelia and Poland. She finished her combat journey on the island of Usedoy (Primorskaya Bay, Baltic Sea).

She was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner.

Not far from the village of Astrakhanka, in June 2002, an obelisk dedicated to the victims of the totalitarian regime was erected near the former village of Taizhan. It's called "Three Stones of Sorrow." It was installed at her own expense by Altynshash Zhaganova, a writer, playwright, and Honored Cultural Worker of Kazakhstan. It was at her suggestion that May 31 was approved in our republic as a day of remembrance of political repression. The place where the monument is erected is a mass grave of the village residents who died in the famine years of 30-32.

The famine was so severe that there was neither the means nor the strength to bury the dead according to the customs of their ancestors.

The monument consists of 3 stones. On one of them, on the left, are the names of the ancestors of the Kairzhanovs, who are buried here, on the other on the right is the inscription in Kazakh language “Here lie the victims of the famine of 1930-1932,” and on the middle slab it is written “The monument was erected by Altynshash Zhaganova.” Now there is a place to come and bow the heads of the children and grandchildren who died during the years of the terrible jute artificially created by the authorities.

In 2006, a monument to the victims of political repression was erected on the square near the House of Culture. Kazakhstan became a place where thousands of people were forced to go, sentenced to exile without trial or investigation.

Places where exiles settled were called Karlag points. They were also in our region, now these are the villages of Kamenka, Kamyshenka, Lozovoye, Pervomaika, Priishimka. To this day, descendants of Poles, Germans, Ingush, and Chechens who were exiled during the years of repression live there. In the USSR, a whole system of camps was organized, in which almost 2 million prisoners were kept.

Time moves forward, but the pain of tortured and destroyed people cannot be forgotten. And therefore, on the last day of May, Astrakhan residents remember those who saw Karlag and Algeria in reality, they bring flowers to the modest obelisk

From now on, here - in the homeland of heroes,

there will be a monument to the Afghans...

Galina Aquarius

(Astrakhan poetess)

In 2007, the grand opening of the obelisk to the internationalist soldiers who died in Afghanistan took place.. People in Astrakhan were waiting for this moment. 51 internationalist soldiers from the Astrakhan region were in Afghanistan. 1 missing, 5 dead. It is noteworthy that this monument stands on the main square of the village, next to the obelisk to the Astrakhan soldiers who fell during the Great Patriotic War. It’s as if another step has been taken to equalize the rights of the soldiers of these two wars - the Great and the other, undeclared.

It's so quiet on Astrakhan Square

Those who have stepped into immortality lie

In the constellation of plates...

And the red carnations are helpless

They're shaking from the cold

That life is priceless - all poets write

Only a hero can decide

With your last blasted dawn

Leading others to great deeds...

The years of development of virgin and fallow lands are a bright, wonderful page in the life of the Astrakhan region. In the spring of 1954, 5 state farms were created - “Astrakhansky”, “Novocherkassky”, “Krasnogvardeysky”, “Kainarsky”, “Stepnyak”. 1,337 people arrived in the area on Komsomol vouchers.

Far beyond the boundaries of the region, the names of the best pioneers of the region are now known: Heroes of Socialist Labor V.O. Dityuk, S.V. Poltoryan, A.I. Kaydanovich, P.Ya. Korotetsky. and many others. All of them, like thousands of other residents of the region, did everything in their power to make Astrakhan prettier. This monument is the S-80 tractor, the one who raised the first virgin furrow was installed by the Astrakhan people forever on Astrakhan soil.

Creative project “Monuments are guardians of the history of our native land", held on the occasion of the 24th anniversary of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan, clearly confirms that "independence is the right of the people to freedom." The people of Kazakhstan decide which ideals and exploits to live in the hearts of our youth, about which it is important to preserve the memory of the heart, therefore, during these 24 years of Independence, these monuments were erected in the Astrakhan region. They help to reveal the patriotic ideals of the Kazakh people during the years of democratic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Patriotism is a manifestation of the best feelings that a person has, this is the consciousness of his inalienability from the Motherland and experiencing its happy and unhappy days with it. We believe that the memorable heritage of our ancestors plays a huge role in nurturing Kazakhstani patriotism.

The Great Steppe... She remembers a lot

Those who are now living look up to those long gone.

Popular wisdom says: “If you don’t know how to live, live like your ancestors.”

Introduction pp. 2-3

Chapter I. Returns to historical and cultural heritage
of the past. pp. 3-4

Chapter II. The role of the church in the fate of the Cossackspp. 5-10

Chapter III. The fate of Orthodox churches in our region pp. 10-19

Conclusion pp. 19-20

Literature and sources pp. 21-22

Introduction
Love for your country, your people, the memory of your ancestors is the beginning that truly sanctifies the life of each of us, brings happiness, makes us strong and united. Isn’t this the national idea that we are looking for today, not patriotism, as a sense of responsibility to descendants for the preservation and enhancement of the cultural traditions and values ​​of our people.
The Russian Constitution - Article 44, enshrines the right of every citizen to access cultural values ​​and the duty of everyone to take care of the preservation of historical and cultural heritage, to preserve historical and cultural monuments.
But not a single law can force a person’s soul to love his past selflessly, not legally, but morally, with its mistakes and difficult memories, lightly and sincerely, with a sense of responsibility for everything - the past, the present, and the future. And it all begins with love for one’s native land, city, and then for human culture.
Is it possible to love a temple destroyed by time, the traditions of the past, which today sometimes seem naive, funny, and do not fit into our lives? It is possible and necessary, because these are your roots, your sources, without which life is impossible!
Today, the people of the Khoper land are turning to their origins and history, studying them, reviving Orthodox churches, admiring the generosity and breadth of soul of their ancestors, the splendor of the churches created through their efforts and donations.
The purpose of our work is:
study the fate of Orthodox churches and the role of the church in the history of the Cossacks as an element of the cultural heritage of their native land.

To achieve the goals, the following tasks have been set:
- to actualize the problem of spiritual and moral perception of cultural and historical heritage;
- show how domestic shrines were erected, what masterpieces were created in the field of culture through the efforts and talents of the people;
- formation of interest in the study of the Orthodox traditions of the Cossacks of the Khopyor region, as one of the ways to develop civic consciousness and patriotism.
Object of study: Orthodox churches in the city of Uryupinsk and the Uryupinsky region, preserved to this day, destroyed and being restored today.
Subject: history of the Orthodox traditions of the Cossacks and the role of the church in the life of Prikhoperye.
Hypothesis: the goal of this work will be achieved if we trace the history of the formation of the Orthodox faith in the Cossack villages of our region and the fate of Orthodox churches as the basis of the cultural heritage of our native land.
Methods:
- analysis of historical and local history journalistic literature;
- work with documents from church archives and museum materials;
- interviewing clergy of local parishes.
Chapter I. Returns to the historical and cultural heritage of the past.
Many cultural monuments have been lost today. Their losses are irreparable, and when these monuments are recreated they lose their individuality, their connection with the era, with the masters who created them. Cultural monuments are unique and even restored anew, they are only a “portrait”, the appearance of an era, because portraits are dead. The presence of cultural monuments is limited; it is measured not by quantity, brightness and beauty, but by the ability to exude the spirit of the era, fill the soul with pride for its past and love for the present.
Many mistakes, tragic miscalculations and...

№1 Project passport

Project name:

Project Manager: art teacher

Shvydchenko Lyudmila Sergeevna

Academic subject: " Art".

Academic disciplines close to the project topic: “ Local history".

Age of students for whom the project is designed: 14–15 years old
(8th grade).

Project type: practice-oriented.

Objective of the project: create an exhibition for the school museum - models of architectural objects of the 19th century German settlement of the Old Sarepta Museum-Reserve.

Methodological objectives of the project:

meta-subject – introduce students to the concept of project activities; to teach how to see the problem of replenishing the exhibition of a school museum, to outline and implement ways to solve it; study the artistic language of the architecture of buildings of a German settlement of the 19th century, understand the meaning of the proportionality of forms, the beauty of building designs; learn to navigate the information space, use the Internet, expand PC skills;

subject – develop interest in the process of learning the architectural monuments of the 19th century of the native land in fine arts lessons; to form a creative initiative while searching for information on the history of architectural structures of the Old Sarepta Museum-Reserve, a desire to understand the problem of creating an exhibition for a school museum;

personal – to form a moral and aesthetic interest in the environment in which we live, the history of the architectural heritage of our native land – the “Old Sarepta” museum-reserve; to cultivate love for the small homeland, pride in the historical heritage of the Sarepta colony, which became one of the industrial, commercial, scientific and cultural centers of the Lower Volga region, and an active civic position; develop the ability to work in a team, feel like a member of a team, and find compromises; develop the ability to make decisions and take personal responsibility for them.

Project issues:

– What exhibits need to be made for the local history school museum?

– How to fulfill an order from the school administration?

Necessary equipment: PC, projector, screen, paper, pencil, eraser, cardboard, glue, scissors; search and other materials to implement the author’s plans.

annotation

Relevance of the method of this project is that in the process of work the cognitive activity of students is activated. The teacher leads the children to independently choose a topic, and this is motivation for high, stable performance. Students independently develop a plan for their actions and the final result. They see the purpose of the task set for themselves, which contributes to the development of certain personal qualities: the ability to work in a team, the ability to feel like a member of a team, and to take responsibility for choosing a solution.

Practical significance project activity is that the educational process has a logical, personal meaning - students know why they are working on the problem at hand. Ultimately, they design the exhibition of the school museum and conduct excursions. They see the interest and approval of others, which qualitatively develops the creative potential of students. Children can try on a certain professional role of an adult: an architect, a programmer, a tour guide... They are given the opportunity to gain experience in public speaking.

Novelty of experience consists in applying the practice-oriented project method in teaching and educational activities. Students are introduced to the complex process of how an architect works to finalize a building design.

Students' creative projects go beyond the scope of the lesson and can be used in educational activities by other participants in the pedagogical process.

Conceptuality The project method is that the modern educational process includes the development of artistic and exhibition thought, forms the development of the ability to demonstrate the products of creative activity. In this project, this is framed in a game moment - the opening of a museum.

Brief summary of the project

Projectlong-term , designed for two quarters. Hepractice-oriented, since it is aimed at the social interests of the students themselves, the customer is the school administration, the product of the activity is predetermined and can be used in the life of the school (models for the school museum).

Thismono project , it takes place within the framework of one subject, but when working, information from other areas of knowledge (local history) is used.

Projectintraclass , held in eighth grade.

Product form of this project: an exhibition for the school museum - models of architectural objects of the 19th century German settlement of the Old Sarepta Museum-Reserve.

The project work consists offour stages .

I stage . Defining the theme and purpose of the project.

1. Definition of the topic and purpose of the project.

Excursion to the local history school museum.

Problem: There are not enough exhibits in the museum.

Question: How can I replenish them?

Answer:

They propose to collect material on the history of architectural monuments of the “Old Sarepta” complex, make models of buildings for the museum’s exposition, and prepare an excursion to the school museum.

The topic was decided: "Monuments of culture of the native land."

Objective of the project: Zarephath."

Tasks: study the architecture of a 19th century German settlement; make models of the museum complex buildings; supplement the lecture content of excursions with facts from the history of Sarepta.

2. Selection of a working group.

II stage . Identification of information sources. Determine how information is collected. Selecting an object. Distribution of tasks.

1. Determination of sources of information, methods of collecting information.

Excursion to the museum-reserve "Old Sarepta" (recording the guide's information).

Visit to the experimentalGerman Library at the "Old Sarepta" museum.

motives"

Information fromInternet: architecture of Germany of the 18th–19th centuries, museum-reserve today.

2. Selecting an object.

Distribution of tasks.

Each group is assigned a research topic and a prototyping object:

1- I'm a group– church building in Sarepta;

2- I'm a group– Langerfeld House (famous pharmacy);

3- I'm a group

4- I'm a group– mustard plant of I.K. Glich;

5- I'm a group– the central square of Sarepta with a view of the buildings (now Freedom Square).

roles and activities: architects – 2 people, programmer – 1 person, researchers – 2–3 people.

III stage . Collection and clarification of information. Presentation of information. Stage-by-stage implementation of the layout.

In the "Old Sarepta" museum-reserve, students found photographs of famous Sarepta residents, booklets with information about the Church Square of Sarepta, information about the museum's exhibition... In the experimental German Library, they collected information on the history of German architectural buildings of the 19th century.

Alexey Grigorievich created this graphic while studying the archives of the Old Sarepta Museum - this became another source of information for the guys.

On the Internet, students found articles about the architecture of Germany in the 19th century, about the restoration of the museum-reserve and its status today.

2. Presentation of information.

The guys offer the collected information to their team members. They are discussing it. They choose the most important and interesting things.

3. Stage-by-stage implementation of the layout.

architects, builders, designers, landscape designer.

All team members carry out independent practical activities according to the planned plan.

IV stage . Project protection.

1. Analysis of information.

Defense of the project in the form of a business game “Press Conference”.

Present: the director and administration of the lyceum.

The project results are assessed as “excellent”.

Progress of the game

Reviews the proposed materials and asks questions. All team members answer.

Asks questions about practical activities:

– What materials were used to make the model?

–

– What difficulties did you encounter while creating the layout?

2. Determine how the results will be presented.

PowerPoint .

Project work plan

Stages of work on the project

The content of the work

Student activities

Teacher activities

I. Preparation

1. Defining the topic and goals
project.

Excursion to the local history school
museum.

Problem: there's not enough in the museum
exhibits.

Question: How can I replenish them?

Answer: From the topics they propose, students choose the problem of replenishing the “Old Sarepta” museum-reserve with additional information data and new exhibits.

They propose to collect material on the history of architectural monuments of the “Old Sarepta” complex, make models of buildings for the museum’s exposition,
prepare a tour to the school
museum.

The topic has been decided - “Monuments of the culture of the native land.”

Objective of the project: create models of architectural objects of the 19th century German settlement of the museum-reserve "OldZarephath."

Students get to know the school
museum. Discuss with teacher
lack of exhibits in the museum.
Offer:

 replenish the museum with exhibits of rare plants from your arboretum
district;

 make exhibits of Christian churches in your area;

 exhibits dedicated to the legendary streets of your area;

 exhibits dedicated to the museum -
reserve "Old Sarepta".

Students discuss project topics
with the teacher.

They offer a choice: create exhibits for the “Old Sarepta” museum-reserve, study the history of the settlement in more detail; create models of architectural monuments of Sarepta.

Conduct excursions around the school museum, enriched with new information, with the presentation of models created by the children’s hands.

The teacher gives a sightseeing tour of the school museum. Draws attention to insufficient
number of exhibits in the museum. The school administration orders the class to create additional exhibits for the school museum.

Helps in defining goals
project.

Supervises students' work

Questionnaire
“Evaluate your work in the project”

Check mark on rating scales using a ten-point system:

1) Rate how interesting this project seemed to you.

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10

2) Rate how difficult the proposed tasks were for you.

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10

3) Assess your contribution to solving the problem (how useful you were to your group in implementing the project).

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10

4) Evaluate how friendly and well-coordinated your group worked.

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10

5) Would you like to work again in the same group?

YES NO (underline)

Why ____________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________

Memory is not only about photographs in family albums. This is our land itself, our Motherland, its endless fields, its graveyards, its monuments, without which a person is poor both internally and externally. I would like to talk about cultural and natural monuments that exist in almost every city, town, and village. Previously, they were carefully and lovingly groomed. Now, unfortunately, in some places the memorable places of our small Motherland have turned into “memorable”; dilapidation and desolation have become their misfortune. This situation cannot be justified by any economic difficulties. After all, the attitude towards memorable places has always determined the degree of culture of a society.

Download:

Preview:

Hello to you, my native land,

With your dark forests,

With your great river

And endless fields.

Hello to you, dear people,

The hero of labor is insatiable.

In the middle of winter and in the summer heat

Hello to you my native land.

Memory is not only about photographs in family albums. This is our land itself, our Motherland, its endless fields, its graveyards, its monuments, without which a person is poor both internally and externally. I would like to talk about cultural and natural monuments that exist in almost every city, town, and village. Previously, they were carefully and lovingly groomed. Now, unfortunately, in some places the memorable places of our small Motherland have turned into “memorable”; dilapidation and desolation have become their misfortune. This situation cannot be justified by any economic difficulties. After all, the attitude towards memorable places has always determined the degree of culture of a society. Let's take a look around: are we worthy of being called a cultural nation? A.S. Pushkin wrote:

Two feelings are wonderfully close to us,

The heart finds food in them:

Love for the native ashes,

Love for fathers' coffins.

I would like to reach the heart of every person who loves their native land at least a little. After all, only together, united, can we preserve those parts of memorials and memorial sites that have not yet suffered from a soulless and merciless barbaric attitude.

On the territory of our native land, there are 2,570 cultural heritage sites that reflect the history of the Ulyanovsk region. Of these, 452 are historical monuments, 1,568 are architectural monuments, 550 are archaeological monuments. Currently, on the territory of the Ulyanovsk region, 32 objects of federal, 261 - regional, 34 - municipal significance and 2,243 identified but not yet diagnosed objects of cultural heritage have been registered with the state. Monuments of the history of the Ulyanovsk region are associated with the period of construction of the first Russian fortresses and abatis, with military operations and peasant uprisings, with the life of outstanding state, political and public figures, scientists, writers, artists and poets.

Of particular importance for the history of our region are monuments associated with the life of the outstanding personality of the 20th century, Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov-Lenin. Among them are the house where the Ulyanov family lived, the house-apartment of the Ulyanov family, the outbuilding of the house-apartment of the Ulyanov family, which are the decoration of the regional center and attract tourists from all over the world. And in the central part of the regional center, the Historical and Memorial Reserve “Motherland of V.I.” was created and is successfully functioning. Lenin."

House-museum of the Ulyanov family

Former home of the Ulyanov family

Outbuilding of the house - apartment of the Ulyanov family

Many monuments on the territory of the Ulyanovsk region are associated with the period of the civil war. So, in one of the most beautiful buildings in our city - in the house merchant Shatrov , built at the beginning of the 19th century, was the headquarters of the 1st Regiment of the Iron Division during the Civil War.

House of merchant N.Ya.Shatrov

Even if my land is not great,

Just look around

There are so many cultural monuments

You can’t count them too, my friend!

Architectural monuments of the Ulyanovsk region are represented by estates, churches, mosques, monasteries, churches, examples of fortification, civil and industrial architecture. The decoration of the city of Ulyanovsk are the few surviving buildings of the religious

architecture, such as the Orthodox Church of the Resurrection of the Lord on Karl Marx Street and the Lutheran Church on Iron Division Street.

A wonderful example of wooden architecture -house of merchant Bokounin- located on Radishcheva Street (better known among native Ulyanovsk residents as “Teremok”). Now this building is empty and not heated, which has a destructive effect on its structure.

House of merchant S.S. Bokuonin

The problem with many historical and architectural monuments located in the city of Ulyanovsk, and especially in the region, is that the organizations and institutions that occupied them until recently have moved to other places, and the buildings, left without supervision and heating, are rapidly falling into disrepair. The Annenkov estate in the village of Annenkovo, Mainsky district, Ogarev’s house in the village of Prolomikha, Inzensky district, found themselves in this situation. Percy-French house in Terenga, many other buildings-monuments of the region.

The Annenkov estate in the village of Annenkovo

Percy's house - French in Terenga

A striking example of such a phenomenon- estate of the Bestuzhev noblesin the village of Teplovka, Nikolaevsky district, which until recently housed a secondary school, but currently the building is abandoned and dying. The outbreak of the revolution forced M.M. Bestuzhev left the estate, the building came under the jurisdiction of the village council. In recent years it has housed a local school, but part of the building has already been abandoned, and an architectural monument, as it has been considered for many years,

On the territory of the Ulyanovsk region, another Bestuzhev estate has been preserved - in the village of Kolkhoznaya Repyevka, Mainsky district (formerly the village of Repyevka, Karsun district). In the first half of the 19th century, its owner was Andrei Vasilyevich Bestuzhev, who at one time held the post of manager of the Simbirsk specific office. But now this mansion is “mothballed”, due to its disrepair it is no longer used, and it, closed and empty, is awaiting a decision on its fate

House of M.M. Bestuzhev in the village of Teplovka, Nikolaevsky
district (photo from 1998)

House of A.V. Bestuzhev in the village of Kolkhoznaya Repyevka, Mainsky district

Tombstone of S.P. Bestuzhe woo

Coat of arms of the house M.M. Bestuzhev

As a result of the action of natural and anthropogenic factors, the most ancient ground structure of the region - a fortification monument - is also being destroyed.Canada Towerin the village of Kanadey, Nikolaevsky district.

Canada Tower

Archaeological monuments discovered on the territory of the Ulyanovsk region (among them there are some of world scientific significance) cover the period from 1.5 million years BC to the 14th century AD. Many of them are deteriorating due to uncontrolled construction work, illegal treasure hunting, erosion of the banks of the Kuibyshev Reservoir, and plowing of land. Thus, due to the erosion of the banks of the Kuibyshev reservoir, the remains of a largemedieval city of Arbuga,located near the village of Kriushi. The Department of Culture and Art annually organizes security and rescue work at collapsing archaeological monuments.

To maintain the ecological balance of the biosphere and its individual parts, as well as the environment for human life and health, specially protected natural areas are being created in the Ulyanovsk region. These include nature reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, natural monuments, health resorts and resorts.

I would especially like to dwell on natural monuments of regional significance, of which there are 118 in our native region.

This is a well-known and favorite vacation spot for both children and adults. White Lake, located 10 km from the village of Baranovka, Nikolaevsky district.

In the past, the lake was surrounded on all sides by sphagnum raft. However, in the 40-50s. In the last century, the landowner Saburov released part of the water through a ditch into the Kadada River, where a mill was built. As a result, the water level in White Lake dropped sharply and the bulk of the rafting remained on the dry shore. The edges of the former raft looked like a shaft or ridge, separated by sandbanks from the water surface. In 1912, forest scientist G.M. Gai decided to irrigate White Lake, for which he dug a series of ditches through which melt water could flow. As a result, the water level in the lake rose and the sandbanks were flooded.

Unfortunately, to date, the landscape around White Lake is gradually degrading, many interesting northern species are becoming rare and disappearing, such as swamp cranberry, round-leaved sundew, swamp myrtle, Lapland willow and others. This is due to the fact that White Lake, over a large area, is surrounded by various health institutions, holiday homes, sanatoriums, and children's pioneer camps. The entire surrounding area is cut by a network of paths, livestock grazes everywhere, and the area around health centers is usually littered.
In order to preserve this unique natural site, White Lake has been approved as a monument.

Lake Chekalinskoye in the Kuzovatovsky district is one of the most interesting natural sites in the Ulyanovsk region; in addition, it is included in the list of wetlands protected within the framework of the International Organization "Telma".

Currently, the lake and especially the adjacent forests are experiencing quite significant anthropogenic pressure. On the rafting site, local residents tear off sphagnum moss (they use it to caulk the walls of houses), which naturally disrupts the integrity of plant communities. When cranberries are collected, the raft is trampled down. The pine forest around the lake has been severely disturbed, mainly due to blueberry picking by local residents. Moreover, this collection is often carried out in the most barbaric way: in order not to pick the berries, entire blueberry bushes are uprooted.
Lake Chekalinskoye, as one of the remarkable natural monuments of the Ulyanovsk region, deserves the most serious attention to its protection. AND
While this wonderful lake and the surrounding raft are in satisfactory condition, our task is to preserve this unique natural object and develop detailed measures for its protection.

Natural monument"Zotovo Lake" » occupies a total area of ​​1002 hectares, including the mirror of the lake itself, 36 hectares.

In a natural monument, all types of logging are prohibited, except for sanitary ones due to condition, the procurement of all types of products of plant origin, the hunting of wild animals, and any economic activity that causes damage to the natural monument.

Baevskoye petrified wood- this is currently the only paleobotanical natural monument in the Ulyanovsk region, where the object of protection is a petrified woody plant that belongs to the extinct genus Cupressinoxylon,

Cypress family.

The Baevsky petrified tree was approved as a natural monument back in 1961, and then in 1968 this object on an area of ​​0.02 hectares was fenced with the help of students of the pedagogical institute and a full house was installed with the need to protect it. But the fossilized trunk, being on the surface, is exposed to the danger of natural weathering, like any exposed stone. In addition, tourists and local residents tear it apart, which is strictly prohibited. There have been repeated proposals to move the entire petrified tree to one of the central museums, but in practice this is difficult to implement. It is better if the petrified tree remains forever at the place of its origin. But for this it is necessary to ensure its safety.

Unforgettable nature in our region,

Let's keep it, let's take care of it,

So that our children are proud of their native land,

And everything they could save in it.

Tiinskaya colony of wild bees on an earthen rampart- this is a special colony of wild bees, since it is not only a natural monument, but also a historical monument. The fact is that the bees made their nest on an artificial historical structure - an earthen rampart, created in the middle of the 17th century to protect against raids by Mongolian nomads. In order to preserve this unique and valuable natural monument, it is necessary to completely prohibit the running of livestock through this section of the earthwork in order to preserve the unique colony of wild bees.

There is Lake Sandy - it’s priceless too,

Crucian carp and pike settled in it,

And the fishermen, of course, certainly

They fish there at night and during the day

Lake Sandy with an area of ​​42.2 hectares, it is one of the largest among the numerous lakes scattered along the suffusion depressions of the ancient Volga terraces. It is located on the northeastern outskirts of the village. Cherdakly is a place for recreation and fishing for local residents and townspeople who come here. Being a natural monument, it is a haven for more than 20 species of birds, including the mute swan. To preserve Peschanoe Lake as a natural monument, it is necessary to: prohibit plowing and the use of pesticides in the immediate vicinity, scare away birds, car washing and garbage dumping, and limit livestock grazing. Lake Peschanoe was approved as a natural monument on December 17, 1974.

Springs gush out - the purest water

In Trusleyka, Zhadovka, Sura,

We give them preference

Live, spring, on the Inzen land!

Spring Window, located on the lands of the state forest fund of the Trusley forestry, is not only important as a natural object, but is also a kind of historical monument, because During the Great Patriotic War, there were military camps next to it and the water supply to the camps was carried out from it; the wooden captage has remained here since that time.

How many are there in our region?

Memorable, cultural places,

Even on your fingers

Can't count it at all.

All monuments are priceless,

Take Yulovo - the lake of miracles,

We need to protect such beauty,

Take care of the lake, guard it.

Hundreds of people come on vacation

Admire Yulovskaya beauty,

Tents are set up on the shore

And the whole family cooks kebabs.

In the southeast of the Inzensky district there is a small Yulovka River , related to the Sura River basin. This is a typical forest river with clean, cold, fast-flowing water. About a hundred years ago, the landowner Yulov built a dam on this river, where there was a water mill (its remains have survived to this day). The dam turned out to be good, and the pond has existed to this day and, in essence, acquired the character of a lake, which is why they sometimes talk about Lake Yulovskoye, and not without

grounds.

Currently Yulovsky Pond , or lake, has a length of up to 2 km, a width of up to 500 m, and the total area of ​​the reservoir is 65 hectares. An undoubted decoration of the coast of Yulovskoye Lake are two large ferns - ostrich fern and female fern.
In the coastal zone of Lake Yulovskoe there are many moisture-loving trees and shrubs - these are various types of willows, black alder, downy birch, and there are also berry bushes - raspberries and black currants. This natural monument is interesting not only for its flora, but also for its fauna. Dragonflies are the first to attract attention. Among the aquatic insects, there are aquatic beetles - the fringed water strider, the gray water strider, the black tulip, and water bugs - the light-shielded smooth beetle, the rod-shaped water strider, and velia. 19 species of ants, 5 species of wasps, 7 species of beetles, 10 species of butterflies and many other endangered insects have been found in Leva. To preserve this wonderful natural monument, new construction should not be allowed on the banks of Yulovsky Pond or near it. It is necessary to regulate people's visits to this natural monument and prevent the collection of flowering plants and the catching of insects. Take measures to purify the water in the reservoir. Preserve all existing forests on adjacent watersheds that are of great water conservation importance, and protect existing springs feeding the river. Yulovka and I’ll dam it.

How many legends, different stories

They write about the Makhov swamp.

Cranberries grow there - such a berry,

Children go there on foot for a hike.

Beavers live in that swamp

Like watchmen, his masters.

And this place is so beautiful

Although it is difficult to get to.

Other unique natural monuments includeRaised bog Maloye(2 km southeast of the village of Yulovo), Mokhovoye-2 swamp (6 km northwest of the Dubenki junction). The area of ​​the Maloe swamp is 7.5 hectares. There are a lot of rare plants here (sundew, Scheichzeria swamp, white lichen and others). The age of the swamp is about 5000 years. In total, the flora of the Maloye swamp includes 27 species of vascular plants and 10 species of mosses. The peat deposit is 4 m 30 cm. One of the few places for collecting cranberries in the region.

Area of ​​the Mokhovoye swamp – 2-3 hectares. Wild rosemary, bog myrtle and others grow here. In total, the swamp flora consists of 17 species of vascular plants and 11 species of mosses. The swamp is about seven thousand years old. Cranberries also grow here. Both swamps are approved natural monuments.

I appeal to our people:

“Let's save what we've been given!

Let's respect and love our native land,

Take care of all corners of it!”