Essay “Analysis of the episode “Chichikov at Plyushkin’s. Org

Development of a lesson on literature in 9th grade.

Lesson topic: “Chichikov at Plyushkin’s. The role and place of the episode in N.V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls”.

Goal setting.

Goals for the teacher:

To identify students’ perception of the chapter about Plyushkin;

Teach children to identify and determine the role of using artistic techniques to create images of landowners;

To develop in students the ability to select material for constructing a monologue - reasoning;

To cultivate in children an attentive attitude to the word using the material from the chapter about Plyushkin.

Goals for students:

Determine Plyushkin’s place in the gallery of images of landowners;

Follow the methods of characterizing the image of Plyushkin;

Determine the special role of Plyushkin’s internal monologue and lyrical digressions;

Determine and express in a monologue-reasoning your attitude to the idea of whether the revival of Plyushkin is possible:

Select material for a written answer to the question.

Equipment: texts of N.V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls” for each student, dictionary ed. S.I. Ozhegova, illustrations by Plyushkin by various artists.

1. Org. moment. Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.

2. Updating children's knowledge.

With what heroes of the poem? Have we already met V. Gogol?

In what order do the landowners appear before us? (Manilov, Korobochka, Nozdryov, Sobakevich)

What artistic techniques does N.V. Gogol use to create images of landowners? (Description of the estate, manor house, interior of the house, portrait of the landowner, his speech, actions)

3. Checking the perception of the chapter read.

What do you think the landowner presented in Chapter 6 might be like? What are your guesses?

Does N.V. Gogol adhere to the basic principle of depicting landowners?

What impression did the chapter about Plyushkin make on you? What thoughts and feelings did it evoke?

By the way, you know very well: N.V. Gogol planned to write “Dead Souls” in three volumes and at the end of the work, along with Chichikov, he thought of reviving Plyushkin.

4. Studying new material.

Let's see what artistic techniques the author uses to create the image of a landowner. Are there any deviations when compared to the portrayal of other heroes? (The word artist uses the same basic techniques to depict Plyushkin as in previous chapters)

Each technique has a bright detail that we pay attention to. For what purpose does the author introduce them into the story? (Depict the landowner as clearly as possible, emphasizing his main character traits)

Where does our acquaintance with Plyushkin begin? (From a description of the village) Read it.

What impression does the village make, how does Gogol achieve this? (Uses a comparison: “many roofs were leaky like a sieve”, “on others there was only a ridge at the top and poles on the sides in the form of ribs”, “the windows in the huts were without glass, others were covered with a rag or a zipun”)

Vocabulary work: zipun - a peasant caftan made of homemade cloth.

What else attracts our attention? (Two churches) What figurative and expressive means does the author use when describing them? (Epithets: “empty wooden and stone, with yellow walls, stained, cracked”)

Pay attention to the description of the manor house, what does the author focus on? (Comparison – “decrepit disabled person”, antithesis: “castle - disabled person”)

Why does Gogol describe windows in such detail? (In the manor's house the windows are the same as in the peasants' huts) What can be said about the landowner based on this? (The owner of the estate does not care at all not only about his peasants, but also cares little about the condition of his own home)

What is the description of the garden? (Use of oxymoron: the garden “alone refreshed this vast village and alone was quite picturesque in its picturesque desolation”)

In what tone is the garden described? Through whose eyes do we see him? (Through the eyes of Chichikov)

Are there any signs of life in it? What does the description of the garden say? (Plyushkin’s estate was not always the same as it is now)

Are there any other buildings on the estate? What does this mean? (“Everything indicated that farming had once taken place here on a large scale...”)

Let us turn to the description of the landowner. What is the most beautiful detail of the portrait? (It is impossible to determine the gender of the figure, the eyes have not yet gone out: “the small eyes have not yet gone out and ran from under high eyebrows, like mice,” Plyushkin’s clothes look like the clothes of a beggar: “in a word, if Chichikov had met him, so dressed up, where somewhere at the church door, I probably would have given him a copper penny")

Are there conflicting details in the description of the portrait? (Previously, Plyushkin was different: “Too strong feelings were not reflected in his facial features, but his mind was visible in his eyes; his speech was imbued with experience and knowledge of the world, and the guest was pleased to listen to him...”)

What does Gogol call his hero? (“and he himself finally turned into some kind of hole in humanity”) How do you understand this expression? What is a hole?

Vocabulary work:hole - 1. A hole in the clothing is a torn place. Pocket with a hole. 2. transfer Flaw omission (colloquial). Gaps in the economy. 3. Front slit at the trousers. || decrease hole - and (to 1 and 3 values).

What do you think is the “hole in humanity” then? (Something abnormal, pathological)

What details should we highlight when describing the interior? (A picturesque pile that speaks of Plyushkin’s incredible stinginess)

What actions typical of Plyushkin could you name? (Attitude towards stocks on your farm, attitude towards children and grandchildren, scene of trading with Chichikov)

Pay attention to the episode when Plyushkin remembers his friend. (Some kind of warm ray slid across his face)

How does Plyushkin behave after Chichikov’s departure? (He MINDS)

Read what Plyushkin’s thoughts are? (“I’ll give him,” he thought to himself, “a pocket watch: after all, it’s a good one, a silver watch, and not like some kind of tombak or bronze; it’s a little damaged, but he’ll get it for himself; he’s still a young man, so he he needs a pocket watch to please his bride! Or not,” he added after some reflection, “I’d better leave it to him after my death, in the spiritual, so that he will remember me”)

Vocabulary work:spiritual - a document (will) containing dispositions regarding property in the event of death.

This thinking alone with oneself without communicating it out loud is called internal monologue.(Write a literary term in a notebook) Is this a coincidence? Which other landowner is thinking? Psychologists have a statement that a person is respected for his thoughts. Do you agree with this statement?

5. Consolidation of the studied material.

Let's turn to the Dead Souls genre. (This is a poem, as defined by the author himself) What signs of a poem do you know? (Lyrical digressions. In the chapter about Plyushkin there are two such digressions!)

Where does chapter 6 begin? (From a lyrical digression - reflections on youth)

On whose behalf is the reflection being conducted? (On behalf of the author)

In what tone is the story told? (Major and minor)

Why does the chapter begin with this lyrical digression? (Contains a hidden hint about the hero's life)

Where and how is this revealed? (Plyushkin's previous life) Let's turn to the text of the poem.

Is there another digression in the chapter? Find it? (“And a person could stoop to such insignificance, pettiness, disgusting! He could change so much! And does this look like the truth? Everything looks like the truth, everything can happen to a person... Take it with you on the journey, emerging from the soft youthful years into the harsh, bitter courage, take with you all human movements, do not leave them on the road, you will not pick them up later!...") At what stage of the plot development does Gogol insert it? (When Chichikov is about to leave, and Plyushkin writes a letter)

Why here? (What has Plyushkin come to, he lost everything he had in his youth, lost his purpose in life, and therefore degraded, but only a living person can be reborn)

6. Summing up the lesson.

Were your assumptions regarding the image of Plyushkin justified?

Is it possible for a hero to be revived? Think about it.

What justifies the use of artistic techniques, as well as details, to create images of landowners? (Gogol’s faith in man, the humanistic pathos of his work, and the very name “Dead Souls” suggests some kind of process)

7. Assessing children’s work in class, giving grades. Homework.

Write a short argument “Why is Plyushkin worse than all the other landowners and is there something human in him?”

When starting to work on the poem “Dead Souls,” Gogol set himself the goal of “showing at least one side of all of Rus'.” The poem is based on a plot about the adventures of Chichikov, an official who buys “dead souls.” This composition allowed the author to talk about various landowners and their villages, which Chichikov visits in order to complete his deal. The face of landowner Russia is presented in five chapters, each of which is dedicated to one landowner. The chapter about Plyushkin closes this series.

According to Gogol, heroes follow us, “one more vulgar than the other.” It is known that Gogol had a plan, which remained unfulfilled, to write a poem in three parts, like Dante’s “Divine Comedy”, where the first part is “Hell”. Then it turns out that the first and only completed volume of this three-part poem has similarities with Dante’s Inferno, and the same sequence of showing the heroes must be observed in it: the further it goes, the worse they become. According to this logic, it turns out that of all the landowners, Plyushkin, who is depicted last, should be the most terrible, his soul should have completely died.

The author's description of Plyushkin - “a hole in humanity” - seems to confirm this guess. But there is evidence that of all the heroes of the first volume, Gogol wanted to lead only two through purification to the rebirth of the soul in the third volume - Chichikov and Plyushkin. This means that the author’s position is far from being as straightforward as it might seem at first glance.

This is noticeable already from the way the estate of this landowner - the richest in the entire province - is depicted. On the one hand, this description respects the principle of Plyushkin’s general characteristics: he is a “hoarder” and a “spendthrift” at the same time, since, completely absorbed in his stinginess and thirst for acquisitiveness, he has lost his understanding of the real state of affairs. As a result, he cannot distinguish the important and necessary from the trifles, the useful from the insignificant. So his rich harvest rots in his barns, while all rubbish is stored in a heap, carefully guarded by the owner. There is a lot of good, but not only the peasants, but also the landowner himself live from hand to mouth.

And we see the same thing in the description of “a vast village with many huts and streets,” but at the same time, in all the village buildings, Chichikov noticed “some kind of special dilapidation.” Huge, like a castle; the manor house looked like “some kind of decrepit invalid.” But the “old, vast garden stretching behind the house,” also combining features of former grandeur and terrible neglect, produces a different impression: it turns out to be beautiful even in its “pictorial desolation.” Why is nature able to preserve its “soul,” but man, captured by the power of things, must “dead” forever? Maybe there is still hope even for the one who has become a “tear in humanity”? It seems to me that it is precisely the meeting with Chichikov that helps us see in Plyushkin something that gives some hope for the revival of his dead soul.

On the one hand, if in all other landowners their typicality was emphasized, then in Plyushkin the author sees not only a phenomenon characteristic of landowner Russia, but a kind of exception. Even Chichikov, who has seen “a lot of all kinds of people,” has “never seen this before,” and in the author’s description of Plyushkin it is said that “a similar phenomenon rarely comes across in Rus'.” Therefore, the character of this landowner requires special explanations.

The state in which Chichikov finds him is truly terrifying. Drawing a portrait of Plyushkin, the author thickens the colors to the limit: Chichikov could not even “recognize what gender the figure was: a woman or a man,” and in the end decided that in front of him was the housekeeper. But, perhaps, even the housekeeper will not wear the rags that Plyushkin wears: on his robe, “the sleeves and upper flaps were so greasy that they looked like yuft, the kind that goes on boots.”

But even in Plyushkin’s portrait, for all its unattractiveness, there is one detail that, if not contrasts with everything else, is, in any case, somewhat alarming: these are the eyes. On the thin, stiff face of the old man with a protruding chin, “small eyes had not yet faded and ran from under high eyebrows, like mice...”. What follows is the extremely expanded second part of the comparison - the description of the mice - which almost completely obscures what is being compared - that is, the eyes. But, nevertheless, no matter what is reflected in these “eyes”, constantly looking for where things are bad, they have not “extinguished” yet, and as you know, eyes are the mirror of the soul. But in the further description of Chichikov’s meeting with Plyushkin, is there at least one manifestation of this “not yet extinguished” soul?

The reader already knows well that Chichikov is driven by purely mercantile interest: Plyushkin, the owner of more than a thousand peasants, must surely have many “dead souls.” Our hero had already guessed this, having become acquainted with his estate and house. And indeed, there are up to one hundred and twenty of them! The owner's stinginess and illness took their toll.

Chichikov cannot hide his joy, but, having correctly assessed who he is dealing with, he immediately finds a way, without explaining the reasons for his interest in “dead souls,” to persuade the owner to make a deed of sale. After all, before the new census, it was necessary to pay taxes for dead peasants, as for living ones. Of course, for the miser Plyushkin this is a terrible burden. And so Chichikov “without any pretense, immediately expressed his readiness to take upon himself the obligation to pay taxes for all the peasants who died in such accidents.”

Even Plyushkin is amazed at such a proposal: is anyone really ready to accept an obvious loss? But Chichikov reassures him by saying that he is doing this “for the pleasure” of Plyushkin, and completely conquers the incredulous old man when he says that he is “ready to accept even the costs of the bill of sale at his own expense.” Plyushkin’s joy has no end: “Oh, father! Ah, my benefactor! - exclaims the touched old man. He, having long forgotten what kindness and generosity are, already wishes “all kinds of consolation not only for him, but even for his children.” His “wooden face” was suddenly illuminated by a completely human feeling - joy, however, “instantly and past, as if it had never happened at all.” But this is already enough to understand that something human still remains in him.

And we see further confirmation of this. Plyushkin, who literally starved everyone in his village and house, is even ready to be generous in treating the guest! In Plyushkin style, of course: Chichikov was offered “crumbs from Easter cake” and “a nice liqueur” from “a decanter that was covered in dust, like a sweatshirt,” and even with “boogers and all sorts of rubbish” inside. The guest prudently refused the treat, which endeared him even more to Plyushkin.

And after Chichikov’s departure, the old man even thinks about “how he could thank his guest,” and decides to bequeath his pocket watch to him. It turns out that the feeling of gratitude is still alive in this crippled human soul! What was needed for this? Yes, in fact, very little: a little attention, albeit disinterested, participation, support.

And the awakening of Plyushkin’s soul is noticeable when he remembers his youth. Chichikov asks Plyushkin to name some acquaintance in the city to complete the deed of sale. And then the old man remembers that of his past friends, only one is still alive - the chairman of the chamber, with whom he was friends at school. “And some kind of warm ray suddenly slid across this wooden face, it was not a feeling that burst out, but some pale reflection of a feeling,” and, as the previous time, “Plyushkin’s face, following the feeling that instantly slid across it, became even more insensitive and vulgar "

But we can assume that if some normal human feelings are still preserved in Plyushkin, it means that they were in him before. So what happened to this man? His biography should answer this question.

It turns out that Plyushkin was not always like this. Once he was simply a thrifty and economical owner and a good father, but the loneliness that suddenly set in after the death of his wife exacerbated his already somewhat stingy character. Then the children left, friends died, and stinginess, which became an all-consuming passion, took complete power over him. It led to the fact that Plyushkin generally ceased to feel the need to communicate with people, which led to a severance of family relationships and a reluctance to see guests. Plyushkin even began to perceive his children as property thieves, not experiencing any joy when meeting them. As a result, he finds himself completely alone.

Who is to blame for all the troubles that happened to this person? Himself - of course! According to Gogol, he sees something else in Plyushkin’s story. It is not for nothing that this chapter contains a lyrical digression about youth with its freshness and liveliness of perception of everything around, which is replaced by maturity, which brings indifference and coolness to life. “What would have awakened in previous years a lively movement in the face, laughter and silent speech, now slides past, and my motionless lips keep an indifferent silence.” So, maybe what happened to Plyushkin is not an exception at all? Maybe this is the general logic of human life?

“And a person could stoop to such insignificance, pettiness, and disgustingness! Could have changed so much!” - the writer exclaims, finishing the chapter about Plyushkin. And he gives a merciless answer: “Everything seems to be true, anything can happen to a person.” This means that Plyushkin’s story is not only not an exception for landowner Russia in the 19th century, but it can be repeated at another time under other conditions.

How can you keep a living soul inside you? How to heal a sick, dead person? Surprisingly, it is in the chapter about Plyushkin that the following answer is partly given: one cannot allow “human movements” to be lost while walking along the road of life. “You won’t get up later!” - Gogol warns us. But if a person has stumbled, gone astray from the right path, then only living human participation, compassion and help can save him. And this conclusion, the final story not only about the Russian landowner, but also about “inhuman old age,” which “gives nothing back,” will remain relevant for everyone and for all times.

Sections: Literature

Goal setting.

Goals for the teacher:

identify students’ perception of the chapter about Plyushkin;
teach children to identify and determine the role of using artistic techniques to create images of landowners;
develop in students the ability to select material for constructing a monologue - reasoning;
to cultivate in children an attentive attitude to the word using the material from the chapter about Plyushkin.

Goals for students:

determine Plyushkin’s place in the gallery of images of landowners;
follow the methods of characterizing the image of Plyushkin;
determine the special role of Plyushkin’s internal monologue and lyrical digressions;
determine and express in a monologue-reasoning your attitude to the idea of whether the revival of Plyushkin is possible:
select material for a written answer to the question.

Equipment: texts of N.V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls” for each student, dictionary ed. S.I. Ozhegova, illustrations by Plyushkin by various artists.

During the classes

1. Org. moment. Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.

2. Updating children's knowledge.

With what heroes of the poem? Have we already met V. Gogol?

In what order do the landowners appear before us? (Manilov, Korobochka, Nozdryov, Sobakevich)

What artistic techniques does N.V. Gogol use to create images of landowners? (Description of the estate, manor house, interior of the house, portrait of the landowner, his speech, actions)

3. Checking the perception of the chapter read.

What do you think the landowner presented in Chapter 6 might be like? What are your guesses?

Does N.V. Gogol adhere to the basic principle of depicting landowners?

What impression did the chapter about Plyushkin make on you? What thoughts and feelings did it evoke?

By the way, you know very well: N.V. Gogol planned to write “Dead Souls” in three volumes and at the end of the work, along with Chichikov, he thought of reviving Plyushkin.

4. Studying new material.

Where does our acquaintance with Plyushkin begin? (From a description of the village) Read it.

What impression does the village make, how does Gogol achieve this? (Uses a comparison: “many roofs were see-through like a sieve”, “on others there was only a ridge at the top and poles on the sides in the form of ribs”, “the windows in the huts were without glass, others were covered with a rag or a zipun”)

Vocabulary work: zipun- peasant caftan made of homemade cloth.

What else attracts our attention? (Two churches) What figurative and expressive means does the author use when describing them? (Epithets: “deserted wooden and stone, with yellow walls, stained, cracked”)

Pay attention to the description of the manor house, what does the author focus on? (Comparison - “decrepit disabled person”, antithesis: “castle - disabled person”)

What is the description of the garden? (Use of oxymoron: the garden "alone refreshed this vast village and alone was quite picturesque in its picturesque desolation")

In what tone is the garden described? Through whose eyes do we see him? (Through the eyes of Chichikov)

Are there any signs of life in it? What does the description of the garden say? (Plyushkin’s estate was not always the same as it is now)

Are there any other buildings on the estate? What does this mean? ("Everything indicated that farming had once taken place here on an extensive scale:")

Let us turn to the description of the landowner. What is the most beautiful detail of the portrait? (It is impossible to determine the gender of the figure, the eyes have not yet gone out: “the small eyes have not yet gone out and ran from under high eyebrows, like mice,” Plyushkin’s clothes look like a beggar’s clothes: “in a word, if Chichikov had met him, so dressed up, where somewhere at the church door, I probably would have given him a copper penny")

What does Gogol call his hero? (“and he himself finally turned into some kind of hole in humanity”) How do you understand this expression? What is a hole?

Vocabulary work: hole - 1. A hole in clothing is a torn place. Pocket with a hole. 2. transfer Flaw omission (colloquial). Gaps in the economy. 3. Front slit at the trousers. || decrease hole - and (to 1 and 3 values).

What, in your opinion, is the “hole in humanity” then? (Something abnormal, pathological)

What details should we highlight when describing the interior? (A picturesque pile that speaks of Plyushkin’s incredible stinginess)

What actions typical of Plyushkin could you name? (Attitude towards stocks on your farm, attitude towards children and grandchildren, scene of trading with Chichikov)

Pay attention to the episode when Plyushkin remembers his friend. (Some kind of warm ray slid across his face)

How does Plyushkin behave after Chichikov’s departure? (He MINDS)

Read what Plyushkin’s thoughts are? (“I’ll give him,” he thought to himself, “a pocket watch: after all, it’s a good one, a silver watch, and not like some kind of tombak or bronze; it’s a little damaged, but he’ll get it for himself; he’s still a young man, so he he needs a pocket watch to please his fiancée! Or not,” he added after some reflection, “it’s better that I leave it to him after my death, in the spiritual, so that he remembers me”)

Vocabulary work: spiritual - a document (will) containing dispositions regarding property in the event of death.

This thinking alone with oneself without communicating it out loud is called internal monologue. (Write a literary term in a notebook) Is this a coincidence? Which other landowner is thinking? Psychologists have a statement that a person is respected for his thoughts. Do you agree with this statement?

5. Consolidation of the studied material.

Where does chapter 6 begin? (From a lyrical digression - reflections on youth)

On whose behalf is the reflection being conducted? (On behalf of the author)

In what tone is the story told? (Major and minor)

Why does the chapter begin with this lyrical digression? (Contains a hidden hint about the hero's life)

Where and how is this revealed? (Plyushkin's previous life) Let's turn to the text of the poem.

Is there another digression in the chapter? Find it? ("And a person could stoop to such insignificance, pettiness, disgusting! He could change so much! And does this look like the truth? Everything looks like the truth, everything can happen to a person: Take it with you on the journey, emerging from the soft youthful years into the harsh, bitter courage, take with you all human movements, do not leave them on the road, you will not pick them up later!...") At what stage of the plot development does Gogol insert it? (When Chichikov is about to leave, and Plyushkin writes a letter)

Why here? (What has Plyushkin come to, he lost everything he had in his youth, lost his purpose in life, and therefore degraded, but only a living person can be reborn)

6. Summing up the lesson.

Were your assumptions regarding the image of Plyushkin justified?

Is it possible for a hero to be revived? Think about it.

7. Assessing children’s work in class, giving grades. Homework.

Write a short argument “Why is Plyushkin worse than all the other landowners and is there something human in him?”

The poem Dead Souls was a kind of search for a positive hero by N.V. Gogol. But he was not in this unjust world. The writer chose the form of travel in order to be able to show many people, crippled by serfdom, who ruined their lives and those of their loved ones, starting with rational frugality, going crazy on this basis, losing their human appearance and dignity, they turn into an attack on humanity. This is Plyushkin. But there was a time when he was just a thrifty owner! he was married and a neighbor came to him for lunch, to listen and learn from them - - - economy and wise stinginess... But the good housewife died; In the middle of the keys... I went over to him. Plyushkin became more restless... stingier... Thrift degenerated into stinginess, and the once rich estate into a collapsed economy. Having entered the village of Plyushkina, Chichikov notices some kind of special disrepair... on all the wooden buildings: the logs on the huts were dark and old; many roofs were leaky like a sieve; on others, only the ridge remained... The windows in the huts were without glass... The master's house looked like some kind of decrepit invalid, only the garden, overgrown and decayed, seemed to be the only thing refreshing this vast village and alone was quite picturesque in its picturesque desolation. Seeing a lonely figure, Chichikov took a long time to decide who it was: a woman or a man. At first he mistook Plyushkin for his housekeeper, one of the richest landowners in the province was so exotically, pitifully and sloppily dressed. His house struck Chichikov as a mess. It seemed as if the floors were being washed in the house and all the furniture had been piled here for a while, everything was shabby, dirty and squalid. Plyushkin has completely lost touch with the real world, he does not understand the value of things, for some reason he keeps a dried lemon bush, a piece of sealing wax, a glass with some kind of liquid and three flies. His room is littered with rubbish: leaky buckets, old soles, rusty nails. The appearance of the owner himself is quite unpleasant.
If Chichikov had met him in church, he would probably have given him a copper penny. But Plyushkin is not a beggar... This landowner had more than a thousand souls. Bread and other products were rotting in warehouses and barns, but not content with this, he walked every day along the streets of his Village, looking in corners, collecting everything he came across: an old sole, a woman’s rag, an iron nail, a clay turnip. And he took everything to his room. There was a fisherman going hunting, the peasants were talking about him. It was almost impossible for the peasants to take back their property, and if it was put into the general pile, it was completely lost to them. Chichikov immediately assessed the situation and adopted the right tone, appearing as a benefactor, taking upon himself the expenses of all the fugitive and fugitive peasants. The picture of the transaction, brilliantly described by Gogol, is pathetic. Plyushkin quarrels with the housekeeper, who allegedly stole a quarter of a piece of paper, then finds the desired scrap, regretting that he cannot make do with an eighth. In this episode, we hear the indignation of the author, speaking about the insignificance and disgust that a person can reach by subordinating his life to profit, forgetting about the ideals and dreams that he aspired to in his youth. The old age that is coming ahead is terrible, terrible, and gives nothing back and back! The grave is more merciful than her, on the grave it will be written: “A man is buried here!” - but you can’t read anything in the cold, unfeeling features of inhuman old age. Describing the morals of landowner Russia, Gogol uses laughter to fight against the main cause of the evil of serfdom, which makes slaves of petty passions out of people and corrodes the soul. But the humanist writer also wanted to see the positive in life, he hoped that Russia would be able to free itself from this evil, and the image of a three-bird bird appears in the poem, capable of taking the motherland out of the state in which it vegetates. Rus', where are you going? Give me the answer. Doesn't give an answer.

Unlike Nozdryov, Sobakevich cannot be considered a person with his head in the clouds. This hero stands firmly on the ground, does not indulge himself with illusions, soberly evaluates people and life, knows how to act and achieve what he wants. Given the character of his life, Gogol is in everything...

Chichikov is the main character of the poem; he appears in all chapters. It was he who came up with the idea of the scam with dead souls; it was he who travels around Russia, meeting a variety of characters and finding himself in a variety of situations. Characteristics of Chichikov...

Every time has its own heroes. They determine his face, character, principles, ethical guidelines. With the advent of “Dead Souls,” a new hero entered Russian literature, unlike his predecessors. The elusive, slippery is felt in the description of his appearance....

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