Floating museums. Ships that changed crew for the exhibition
For a landlubber, visiting a ship is a great event and a lot of impressions. But a visit to a warship evokes even more positive emotions and interest. But many Russians don’t even know that museum ships can be found where they live, or very close by.
Cruiser "Aurora" (St. Petersburg, Russia)
There are probably few people who have not heard of Aurora. The famous armored cruiser was launched in 1900 and has experienced many events since then. As part of the Second Pacific Squadron, the cruiser's crew made a trip to the Far East, where they took part in the Battle of Tsushima. After the end of the Russo-Japanese War, the Aurora returned to the Baltic, where, years later, it became the most famous Soviet ship. This required one blank shot, which announced the beginning of the assault on the Winter Palace on October 25 (November 7), 1917.
The cruiser took part in the First World War, and then in the Great Patriotic War. In 1945, the ship was restored to sailing condition and it took part in the filming of the film “Cruiser “Varyag”. Next, the Aurora was turned into a floating museum, which can still be visited today.
Icebreaker "Krasin" (St. Petersburg, Russia)
Not far from the Aurora there is another historical ship. The icebreaker Svyatogor was built in Great Britain in 1916 specifically for the Russian Arctic Ocean flotilla. During the intervention of the Entente countries in northern Russia, the ship was scuttled, and then raised and taken to England. In the 1920s, the icebreaker, already renamed Krasin, returned to the USSR. In 1928, in difficult navigation conditions, the ship's crew managed to save the crew of Umberto Mobile and the steamship Monte Cervantes with 1,500 people on board.
During the Great Patriotic War, the icebreaker Krasin escorted Allied caravans through the ice fields of the Arctic. The Krasin then underwent repairs and now serves as a museum ship.
Icebreaker "Angara" (Irkutsk, Russia)
Another icebreaker museum can be found in another part of Russia - in Siberia. "Angara" was built in 1900 from parts of a vehicle kit produced in Great Britain. For decades, the ship sailed on Lake Baikal, providing navigation for the ferry.
In 1917-1920, “Angara” repeatedly changed hands. Both the Whites and the Reds needed transport on Lake Baikal.
In 1962, the ship was removed from service due to wear and tear of the equipment and, after a while, was turned into a museum.
Steamship "St. Nicholas" (Krasnoyarsk, Russia)
In another Siberian city, Krasnoyarsk, on the Yenisei River there is a steamship-museum “St. Nicholas”. It was built in Tyumen in 1886 by order of the millionaire merchant A.M. Sibiryakova. The ship, with a crew of 12 people, carried passengers and cargo for many decades. The Russian Emperor Nicholas II visited its board, as well as the future Leader of the Revolution V.I. Ulyanov. Perhaps it was the memory of Lenin that influenced the fact that in the 1970s the steamship Nikolai was not dismantled for metal, but, on the contrary, was restored.
Cruiser "Mikhail Kutuzov" (Novorossiysk, Russia)
The Project 68-bis cruiser "Mikhail Kutuzov" was built in Nikolaev and put into service in 1955. Until 1992, the cruiser went on cruises under the flag of the Soviet Navy and visited Romania, Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria, Egypt, Syria, and Algeria. At the moment, the ship is listed in the Navy reserve and at the same time serves as a museum.
Yacht “Red Pennant” (Vladivostok, Russia)
The sailing-screw yacht “Admiral Zavoiko” was launched in 1910 by order of the governor of Kamchatka. The ship was used to transport passengers and messages. In 1917-1923 it was in the hands of the Bolsheviks and White Guards, and was included in the Far Eastern Republic. Until the 1950s, the yacht, renamed "Red Pennant", was a hydrographic and training vessel.
K-21 (Severomorsk, Russia)
In 1941, the diesel-electric submarine K-21 became part of the USSR Northern Fleet, and a year later the whole country knew its name. It was on this ship, under the leadership of N.A. Lunin carried out a torpedo attack on the German battleship Tirpitz off the coast of Norway. In total, during the war years, the boat’s crew announced the destruction of 17 enemy ships and other vehicles.
After World War II, the boat was used as a training base, and then it was turned into a museum of military glory.
USSR submarines today can be seen in many cities of Russia: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Vladivostok, Ostrovnoy, Krasnodar, Kaliningrad, Vytegra of the Vologda region, Tolyatti. The M-296 boat adorns the Memorial of the Heroic Defense of Odessa (Ukraine).
Galleon "Vase" (Stockholm, Sweden)
The Vasa galleon was named after the dynasty ruling Sweden. The ship was built under the close supervision of King Gustav II Adolf, who sought to make Sweden a great maritime power. But the ship project, approved personally by His Majesty, turned out to be unsuccessful and already during the first voyage in 1628, the Vasa sank.
The ship was forgotten for a long time until a historian engineer discovered the Vaza in 1955. Thanks to the salty water of the Baltic Sea, the oak hull of the galleon is well preserved. The ship was raised and placed in a museum.
On September 2, 1945, the Act of Surrender of Japan in World War II was signed aboard the American battleship Missouri. This ship later became a museum, like some other ships that left their mark on history.
Battleship Missouri, Pearl Harbor, USA
In Hawaii, in a quiet harbor on the territory of the US naval base in the Pacific Ocean, the battleship Missouri is permanently moored, which is associated with the last day of the bloodiest war in the history of mankind. By the day of its completion, September 2, 1945, the Missouri was an almost new, ultra-modern battleship, launched in 1944. After the Second World War was legally ended aboard the Missouri, the ship served the US Army for many decades. The last salvo of the battleship's guns was fired in 1991 in the Persian Gulf. And since 1993, the Missouri continues to serve as a museum, a visit to which is the pride of every US Army sailor.
Cruiser Belfast, London, UK
This British Town-class light cruiser, named after the capital of Northern Ireland, also fought bravely against the enemy during World War II. Now "Belfast" occupies a place of honor in the center of London near the Tower Bridge on the Thames. Interestingly, the cruiser and its crew were awarded in 2010 the Certificate of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation for their courage and heroism during the war. It was also announced that the Russian Armed Forces would participate in the restoration of the Belfast museum ship.
Icebreaker "Angara", Irkutsk Reservoir, Russia
Angara is the oldest icebreaker in Russia; it was launched in 1900. Its purpose was to lay a path for the Baikal ferry, which could not overcome the seventy-centimeter ice on Lake Baikal. The icebreaker served until 1975, until the day when it was decided to cut it into scrap metal. But this was fortunately prevented by the fact that the ship ran aground. And in 1987, a decision was made to carry out large-scale restoration and turn the icebreaker into a museum. "Angara" became a museum ship in 1990 and still preserves the glorious pages of the history of the oldest icebreaker.
Sailboat "Vasa", Djurgården Island, Sweden
"Vaza" is the only sailing ship of the 17th century that has survived to this day. The ship was the most expensive and grandiose sailing ship of that time, and was supposed to become the most heavily armed flagship of the Swedish fleet. The ship was launched in 1628, but due to design errors, it sank on its first voyage. In this case, about fifty people died - half of the people on board. It turned out that the Vaza had too high a center of gravity and too narrow a transverse dimension, which made the ship unstable. The ship was raised to the surface only in the last century, in 1961, and in 1990 a museum was opened on board, which became one of the most popular in Sweden.
Cruiser "Aurora", St. Petersburg, Russia
There is probably not a person in the post-Soviet space who has not heard of the legendary cruiser. Moreover, in the USSR poems and songs were written about it; the cruiser Aurora was the hero of feature and even animated films. Meanwhile, this symbol of the Great October Revolution has a rich and heroic history associated not only with 1917. It was launched in 1900 and participated in the Battle of Tsushima as part of the Second Pacific Squadron and then in the fighting of the First World War. The glorious history of the cruiser is reflected in the museum exhibits on board. In 2013, the Minister of Defense announced that the cruiser would be repaired and brought back into working order. This would be the best gift for the glorious Aurora.
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Brought together information about the museum ships visited in the cities of the US Pacific Coast. Only WWII and Cold War era warships are considered.
These museums are usually open from 10 am to 5 pm; they stop opening one hour before closing. Tickets cost from 12 to 20 dollars, and a small booklet about the ship is usually given with the ticket.
There is only one battleship on the West Coast - the Iowa, the lead ship of the last series of battleships in world history.
"Iowa" is moored in San Pedro - a seaside suburb of Los Angeles, from the center it takes first half an hour to travel on the Silver Metro line, which is buses rushing along the highways, to the Harbor Terminal, from there by bus 205 for almost an hour through the numerous suburbs of LA to the waterfront of San-Pedro. Pedro.
Admission costs $18. On board, follow the yellow arrows - this is the only route around the ship.
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The presidential chambers recreate the atmosphere of the end of 1943, when the battleship carried President Roosevelt to conferences in Casablanca and Tehran.
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I remember the armored conning tower from the Second World War, with narrow loopholes and a periscope.
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There are two aircraft carriers.
In the San Francisco area - Hornet, an Essex-class aircraft carrier that took part in the sinking of the battleship Yamato.
Standing at the pier in the charter town of Alameda on the other side of the bay from San Francisco, go through Oakland, from the city center a quarter of an hour on the 31 bus to Alameda. Admission costs $20.
The only interesting things on board are the items from the American lunar program - the Hornet lifted the crews of the first Apollo lunar missions from the ocean. There is a lonely plane on the flight deck.
Much more interesting is a visit to the Midway, the largest museum-worthy warship in the world. The lead ship of a new class of aircraft carriers, created taking into account the experience of World War II, which entered service in September 1945, is installed on the embankment in the center of San Diego.
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A regular ticket costs $20, but can be purchased through Internet for $18.
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Since Midway is the most visited museum ship in the United States, there are always a lot of people on board.
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You can wander around it all day, going around the numerous deck rooms.
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There are 29 airplanes and helicopters installed on the flight deck and hangar, and you can climb into some of the helicopters.
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In many rooms, scenes from the life of this “floating city” are recreated using wax figures and video recordings.
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Only groups with a guide are allowed inside the “island” superstructure; they just wait until there are enough people and then go.
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The surface ships end with the destroyer USS Turner Joy moored off the quay of the US Pacific Coast Kronstadt, Bremerton. It's an hour away by regular ferry from Seattle.
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The last of the "Forrest Sherman" series went down in history as a participant in the Tonkin Incident, which began the large-scale involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War.
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Tickets cost $12.
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It is interesting because most likely you will be the only visitors on the ship.
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There are diesel-electric submarines installed in the cities of the Pacific coast, 2 of which are Soviet.
At Pier 45 of the San Francisco Fisherman's Wharf sits the Pampanito, a World War II Balao-class cruising sub. Tickets cost $12.
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The exhibition at the Oregon Museum of Science and Industry in Portland includes the post-war Barbell-class submarine Blueback. She is the only one of the museum ships on display that you cannot see on your own - they are allowed only with a guided tour, once a day at 9:30.
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Dolphin, the last diesel-electric submarine of the US Navy, is moored at the San Diego Maritime Museum pier. A single ticket to the Maritime Museum costs $16.
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After the Soviet submarines on the Dolphin, you are amazed at the vastness and comfort of the interior.
These ships will never leave their refuge, as they are now museums!
1. Battleship Missouri, Pearl Harbor, USA
In Hawaii, in a quiet harbor on the territory of the US naval base in the Pacific Ocean, the battleship Missouri is permanently moored, which is associated with the last day of the bloodiest war in the history of mankind. By the day of its completion, September 2, 1945, the Missouri was an almost new, ultra-modern battleship, launched in 1944. After the Second World War was legally ended aboard the Missouri, the ship served the US Army for many decades. The last salvo of the battleship's guns was fired in 1991 in the Persian Gulf. And since 1993, the Missouri continues to serve as a museum, a visit to which is the pride of every US Army sailor.
On September 2, 1945, the Act of Surrender of Japan in World War II was signed aboard the American battleship Missouri. This ship later became a museum, like some other ships that left their mark on history.
2. Cruiser Belfast, London, UK
This British Town-class light cruiser, named after the capital of Northern Ireland, also fought bravely against the enemy during World War II. Now "Belfast" occupies a place of honor in the center of London near the Tower Bridge on the Thames. Interestingly, the cruiser and its crew were awarded in 2010 the Certificate of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation for their courage and heroism during the war. It was also announced that the Russian Armed Forces would participate in the restoration of the Belfast museum ship.
3. Icebreaker "Angara", Irkutsk Reservoir, Russia
Angara is the oldest icebreaker in Russia; it was launched in 1900. Its purpose was to lay a path for the Baikal ferry, which could not overcome the seventy-centimeter ice on Lake Baikal. The icebreaker served until 1975, until the day when it was decided to cut it into scrap metal. But this was fortunately prevented by the fact that the ship ran aground. And in 1987, a decision was made to carry out large-scale restoration and turn the icebreaker into a museum. "Angara" became a museum ship in 1990 and still preserves the glorious pages of the history of the oldest icebreaker.
4. Sailboat "Vasa", Djurgården Island, Sweden
"Vaza" is the only sailing ship of the 17th century that has survived to this day. The ship was the most expensive and grandiose sailing ship of that time, and was supposed to become the most heavily armed flagship of the Swedish fleet. The ship was launched in 1628, but due to design errors, it sank on its first voyage. In this case, about fifty people died - half of the people on board. It turned out that the Vaza had too high a center of gravity and too narrow a transverse dimension, which made the ship unstable. The ship was raised to the surface only in the last century, in 1961, and in 1990 a museum was opened on board, which became one of the most popular in Sweden.
5. Cruiser "Aurora", St. Petersburg, Russia
There is probably not a person in the post-Soviet space who has not heard of the legendary cruiser. Moreover, in the USSR poems and songs were written about it; the cruiser Aurora was the hero of feature and even animated films. Meanwhile, this symbol of the Great October Revolution has a rich and heroic history associated not only with 1917. It was launched in 1900 and participated in the Battle of Tsushima as part of the Second Pacific Squadron and then in the fighting of the First World War. The glorious history of the cruiser is reflected in the museum exhibits on board. In 2013, the Minister of Defense announced that the cruiser would be repaired and brought back into working order. This would be the best gift for the glorious Aurora.
6. Icebreaker "Krasin", St. Petersburg, Russia
Today, the icebreaker Krasin adorns the Lieutenant Schmidt embankment. This majestic ship-museum has a lot to tell its visitors about. The ship lay at the bottom, its names changed, it sailed under the English flag, and saved hundreds of lives. Its history reflects the history of our country in the twentieth century.
The first museum exhibition began its work on board the Krasin in 1995. Now active excursion work is underway here. Museum visitors can get acquainted with the history of the icebreaker and maritime laws. You can touch a lot on the ship with your hands. Here you can get acquainted with the latest navigational instruments and their predecessors, and feel the rigor of ship life. The luckiest museum guests may encounter the ghost of an icebreaker. It sometimes frightens visitors to the engine room tour.
There is also a ship's cat on the Krasin - sometimes excursionists manage to see him. They say they picked it up from a passing ice floe several years ago.
You can find out more detailed information about domestic icebreakers from Nikita Kuznetsov’s book “Domestic sea icebreakers from Ermak to 50 Years of Victory” by Paulsen Publishing House.
"Polar convoys. The Second World War in the Soviet Arctic" by Paulsen Publishing House.
AURORA
Russia, Saint-Petersburg
Launched in 1900
It took part in the Russo-Japanese and First World Wars, although the military cruiser became famous, rather, as a symbol of the October Revolution (it was its idle salvo that became the call to storm the Winter Palace). Since 1957, the modern ship-museum received the status of a cultural heritage site and found its place on the embankment in the center of St. Petersburg. At the moment, it is on until 2016.
VASA
Sweden, Stockholm
Launched in 1628
The world's only surviving sailing ship from the early 17th century. The ship was supposed to become the flagship of the Swedish fleet, but due to technical errors in the design, it sank at the exit from Stockholm harbor during the first sea trials. The ship was later raised and “mothballed” as a museum exhibit.
HMS VICTORY
UK, Portsmouth
Launched in 1765
One of the main attractions of the city of Portsmouth, the famous 104-gun ship of the first rank of the British Royal Navy. It was on board it that Admiral Nelson was mortally wounded during the Battle of Trafalgar.
CALYPSO
France, La Rochelle
Launched in 1942
The research vessel of the French oceanographer Jacques-Yves Cousteau, which was fully equipped with everything necessary for diving and underwater filming, was equipped with a landing pad for a helicopter, scientific equipment, a compartment for underwater observation, mini-submarines and underwater motorcycles. The ship sank in 1996 in Singapore Harbour. Now active work is underway to restore the ship and turn it into a museum of the famous explorer.
USS CONSTITUTION
USA, Boston
Launched in 1797
The oldest sailing ship in the world still afloat. Still active in the US Navy. The ship's nickname was "Old Ironsides" due to the amazing strength of its Virginia oak hull, which bounced off enemy shells in battle. Now the ship is available for tourist excursions and is one of the most important attractions in the country.
JOA
Norway, Oslo
Launched in 1872
The first ship in the world to navigate the Northwest Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean around the northern tip of the American continent. This event took place as part of the expedition of explorer R. Amundsen. Since 2012, the ship has been turned into a museum in Oslo.
