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Tradition, custom, ritual are a centuries-old connection, a kind of bridge between the past and the present. Some customs are rooted in the distant past; over time they have changed and lost their sacred meaning, but are still observed today, passed on from grandparents to their grandchildren and great-grandchildren as a memory of their ancestors. In rural areas, traditions are observed more widely than in cities, where people live separately from each other. But many rituals have become so firmly established in our lives that we perform them without even thinking about their meaning.

Traditions can be calendar, related to field work, family, pre-Christian, the most ancient, religious, which entered our lives with the adoption of Christianity, and some pagan rituals mixed with Orthodox beliefs and were somewhat modified.

Calendar rituals

The Slavs were cattle breeders and farmers. In the pre-Christian period, the pantheon of Slavic gods included several thousand idols. The supreme gods were Svarozhichi, the ancestors of all living things. One of them was Veles, the patron of cattle breeding and agriculture. The Slavs made sacrifices to him before sowing and harvesting. On the first day of sowing, all villagers went out to the field in new, clean shirts with flowers and wreaths. The oldest resident of the village and the smallest one started sowing, and they threw the first grain into the ground.

The harvest was also a holiday. All, even the old and sick, villagers gathered at the border of the field, a sacrifice was made to Veles, most often a large ram, then the strongest and most beautiful men and young guys stood in a row with scythes in their hands and at the same time walked through the first line. Then the girls and young women, always fast and healthy, tied the sheaves and placed the money. After successful cleaning, a rich table was set for all residents of the village; a large sheaf, decorated with ribbons and flowers, was placed at the head of the table, which was also considered a sacrifice to the god Veles.

Maslenitsa also belongs to the calendar rituals, although at present it is already considered a semi-religious holiday. In ancient times, this ritual invoked Yarilo, the god of the sun and heat, on whom the harvest directly depended. That is why the custom arose on this day to bake pancakes, fatty, rosy, hot as the sun. All people danced in circles, which are also a symbol of the sun, sang songs praising the power and beauty of the sun, and burned an effigy of Maslenitsa.

Today Maslenitsa has abandoned its pagan meaning and is considered almost a religious holiday. Each day of Maslenitsa week has its own purpose. And the most important day is Forgiveness Sunday, when you should ask all your family and relatives for forgiveness for involuntary offenses. Sunday is the turn to Great Lent, the strictest and longest, when believers give up meat and dairy foods for seven weeks.

Yuletide rituals

When Christianity was firmly established in Rus', new church holidays appeared. And some holidays that have a religious basis have become truly popular. This is precisely what should be included in the Christmas festivities, which take place from January 7 (Christmas) to January 19 (Epiphany).

On Christmastide, young people went from house to house with performances, other groups of boys and girls caroled, girls and young women told fortunes in the evenings. All village residents were required to participate in preparations for the holidays. They slaughtered livestock and prepared special dishes. On Christmas Eve, January 6, the evening before Christmas, we cooked uzvar, a sweet compote with rice, prepared cheesecakes and pies, sochevo, a special dish of cabbage with grain.

Young people sang special comic carol songs, asked for treats, and jokingly threatened:

“If you don’t give me some pie, we’ll take the cow by the horns.”

If they didn’t give treats, they could play a joke: close the chimney, destroy a woodpile of firewood, freeze the door. But this happened rarely. It was believed, and is still believed, that generous gifts, songs with wishes of happiness and prosperity, and grain brought into the house by guests bring happiness to the house for the entire New Year, and relieve illness and misfortune. Therefore, everyone tried to treat those who came and give them generous gifts.

Young girls most often wondered about their fate, about their suitors. The bravest ones told fortunes in a bathhouse with a mirror by candlelight, although this was considered very dangerous, because in the bathhouse they removed the cross from themselves. The girls brought armfuls of firewood into the house; by the number of logs, even or odd, one could tell whether or not she would get married this year. They fed the chicken with counting grain, melted the wax and looked at what it predicted for them.

Family rituals

Perhaps the most rituals and traditions are associated with family life. Matchmaking, weddings, christenings - all this required compliance with ancient rituals that came from grandmothers and great-grandmothers, and their strict observance promised a happy family life, healthy children and grandchildren.

The Slavs used to live in large families, where adult children, who already had their own families, lived with their parents. In such families three or four generations could be observed; families included up to twenty people. The elder of such a large family was usually the father or older brother, and his wife was the head of the women. Their orders were carried out unquestioningly, along with the laws of the government.

Weddings were usually celebrated after the harvest or after Epiphany. Later, the most successful time for weddings was “Red Hill” - the week after Easter. The wedding ceremony itself took a fairly long period of time and included several stages, and therefore a large number of rituals.

The groom's parents came to woo the bride together with their godparents, and less often other close relatives. The conversation should have started allegorically:

“You have goods, we have a merchant” or “Didn’t a heifer run into your yard, we came for her.”

If the bride's parents agreed, a viewing party should be held where the bride and groom would get to know each other. Then there will be collusion or handshaking. Here the new relatives agree on the wedding day, the dowry, and what gifts the groom will bring to the bride.

When everything was discussed, her girlfriends gathered at the bride’s house every evening and helped prepare the dowry: they wove, sewed, knitted lace, embroidered gifts for the groom. All girls' get-togethers were accompanied by sad songs, because no one knew what the girl's fate would be. In her husband's house, a woman expected hard work and complete submission to her husband's will. On the first day of the wedding, the songs sounded mainly lyrical, majestic, farewell laments. Upon arrival from church, the newlyweds were greeted on the porch by their parents with bread and salt, and the mother-in-law had to put a spoonful of honey in her new daughter-in-law’s mouth.

The second day is a completely different matter. On this day, according to custom, the son-in-law and his friends went “to their mother-in-law for pancakes.” After a good feast, the guests dressed up, covered their faces with bandages or canvas, and drove around the village, visiting all their new relatives. This custom is still preserved in many villages, where on the second day of the wedding, the costumed guests themselves harness themselves to the cart and drive the new matchmakers through the streets.

And, of course, speaking of customs, one cannot miss the rite of infant baptism. Children were baptized immediately after birth. To perform the ceremony, they consulted for a long time, choosing godparents. They will be second parents for the child and, equally with them, are responsible for the life, health and upbringing of the baby. Godparents become godfathers and maintain friendly relations with each other throughout their lives.

When the child turned one year old, the godmother sat him on an inside-out sheepskin coat and carefully cut a cross in his hair on the crown of his head with scissors. This was done so that evil spirits would not have access to his thoughts and further actions.

Every year, on Christmas Eve, the grown-up godson always brought the godfather kutya and other treats, and the godfather gave him some sweets in return.

Mixed rites

As we have already said, some rituals originated in the pre-Christian period, but continue to live to this day, slightly changing their appearance. It was the same with Maslenitsa. A widely known ritual is the celebration of the night of Ivan Kupala. It was believed that only on this single day of the year does the fern bloom. Whoever can find this flower that cannot be handed over will be able to see the treasures underground, and all the secrets will be revealed to him. But only a person who is pure in heart, sinless, can find it.

In the evening, huge fires were lit, over which young people jumped in pairs. It was believed that if the two of you, holding hands, jump over the fire, then love will not leave you throughout your life. They danced in circles and sang songs. The girls wove wreaths and floated them on the water. They believed that if the wreath floated to the shore, the girl would remain alone for another year, if she drowned, she would die this year, and if she floated with the flow, she would soon get married.

Some holiday customs of the peoples of the world can plunge into a state of shock any person uninitiated in the intricacies of their national culture. Just look at the crowd of people in devil costumes jumping over babies during the Spanish festival "El Colacho", or old sofas flying from the windows of houses in the South African city of Johannesburg on New Year's Eve! Native customs will seem like childish pranks compared to what residents of other countries do. Today we will remember the strangest traditions from all over the world and find out how they appeared.

Ukrainian Christmas and the web

In most countries, just the sight of a spider or web will be a good reason to panic and run out of the house screaming in horror. But this does not apply to Ukraine, where the many-legged “monster” will only be welcome. Especially at Christmas! After all, spiders, according to Ukrainians, bring happiness and good luck. According to an ancient legend, it was these creatures who helped save Christmas for a certain poor widow and children. They decorated the pine cone that served as her Christmas tree with their silvery web and brought the holiday atmosphere back into the house.

The legend definitely brought a couple of notes of Halloween horror to the Ukrainian version of the Christmas tale. Indeed, in memory of the miracle performed by spiders, the inhabitants of this country began to decorate the holiday tree with artificial spider webs.

New Year's chaos in South Africa

There are hundreds of ways to celebrate the New Year in an original way. You can, for example, watch the crystal ball descend in Times Square or set off giant fireworks. Have you heard that not so long ago, on the eve of this holiday, South Africans threw old furniture out of the windows of their own houses?

This tradition became widespread in one of the criminal areas of Johannesburg in the 90s of the 20th century after the end of the apartheid era. However, it was not allowed to exist for a long time for objective reasons. Several years ago, a refrigerator flying from the upper floors seriously injured an innocent pedestrian.

Police officers have joined the fight against this dangerous tradition. To maintain law and order, they cruised the streets of the problem area in armored vehicles. The police efforts met with some success. In 2013, not a single piece of furniture flew out of the windows of local houses, although on New Year's Eve there were an incredible number of fights, fireworks were launched everywhere, and a peaceful pedestrian could be hit by a barrage of glass bottles.

Fast food for Christmas in Japan

There are strange traditions in Japan too. And they concern the Christmas menu of its residents. The Japanese do not want to see traditional dishes like turkey or goose on their holiday table. They prefer trivial fried chicken from the KFC fast food restaurant chain to all the culinary delights of the world. How did it happen that banal fast food originally from America became a local national tradition?

The customs and traditions of other peoples are interesting, surprising, and sometimes strange and even shocking. People of other nationalities may express their feelings or spiritual mood in a completely different way than is customary among us. Also, the peoples of different countries of the world have unique rituals, beliefs and holidays that reflect their history or beliefs. Knowing all these nuances, you can better understand what they live in a particular country. Studying national customs is not only entertaining, but also useful if you are planning to travel.

The strangest and most original traditions of the peoples of the world

Undoubtedly, one of the important aspects of any culture is its rules of etiquette: the way of greeting, farewell, behavior at the table, etc. For example, among Russians it is customary to shake hands; loving and friendly Spaniards can generally kiss when meeting. But in Japan it’s better not to do this - they value personal space and only allow close friends.

What other unusual things are there in the world? Here is a ranking of the 10 most unusual traditions of other countries:

1. On the streets of India you can see men holding hands. This doesn't mean they are in a romantic relationship. This is how they show their friendship. But Indian couples in love never express their love publicly.
2. In Germany they don't clap when they want to applaud. To express their feelings, the Germans are accustomed to knocking on the table.
3. The people of some Asian countries, such as China, Korea or Japan, consider it good form to slurp while eating at a party. This way they show the owner that the dish is very tasty.
4. In Japan, it is considered indecent and rude to blow your nose in public. If someone needs to clean their nose, they do it away from everyone and very quietly.
5. For South Koreans, writing someone's name in red is taboo, and this is because red ink was previously used to write the names of dead people.
6. In Malaysia, pointing at something with your index finger is rude and offensive. Instead, it is common to point at things with the thumb.

Another interesting feature: while in many countries people shun cemeteries, in Denmark they are turned into parks of sorts where you can socialize. Quite a pragmatic use of space, isn't it?

Holidays are part of the culture of the people. They often involve unusual rituals and customs, which can be quite funny and sometimes frightening.

Monkey banquet

In Thailand, the Monkey Banquet festival is held annually, dedicated to the god Rama, who, according to legend, monkeys helped defeat his enemies in a great battle.

In the last month of November, the monkeys, who live in the province of Lopburi and are considered sacred among the locals, are served tables with a huge amount of fruits, vegetables, sweets and drinks in the middle of the temple.

They say that more than five thousand primates gather there and it takes about 2 tons of food to feed them! Their feast looks very funny: uncultured guests throw food, fight for the right to get the most delicious fruit, and tease the visiting tourists.

Tomato fights

Snowball fights are a thing of the past. In Spain, tomatoes are used for these purposes! At the Tomatina festival, held there every August, thousands of people gather to take part in a tomato fight. Vegetables are brought in on carts and all participants in the action throw each other for an hour, turning everything around into red slurry. In total, approximately 15 tons of tomatoes are used in the battle!

Officially, the holiday is dedicated to the patron saint of the city, Saint Louis, but in fact it has long been a magnet for tourists.

Goose Day

On the occasion of this Spanish festival, held in the city of Bilbao, a goose is chosen, greased and tied over the water on a rope. Competitors swim up to it in a boat and jump up to catch it. The goal is to rip off the animal's head. The winner receives his carcass and everyone's respect.

It is worth mentioning that previously they used a live goose, but then, at the request of the Animal Welfare Society, it was replaced with a dead one. The competition may seem cruel to some, but for the Spaniards it is an indicator of the strength, endurance and dexterity of men.

Cobra Festival

Indians have worshiped snakes since ancient times; cobras are considered especially sacred. In Indian temples there are images and statues of these reptiles; they pray to them and make sacrifices.

In some cities and villages of India, a festival is held in honor of the worship of snakes “Nag Panchami”. It takes place in the middle of summer. Just then, heavy rains flood the holes of the reptiles and they crawl out.

Nag Panchami is directly dedicated to the god Shiva, who is depicted with cobras around his neck. During the festival, people dance to music while carrying potted snakes on their heads. The procession goes around the entire village and moves to the main temple. After chants and prayers, the snakes are sprinkled with turmeric, given honey and milk to appease them, and released into the courtyard of the temple. Animals crawl, performing peculiar dances. The holiday looks spectacular and bewitching, which attracts crowds of tourists.

It is noteworthy that people are often bitten during the holiday, and some snakes are poisonous, but no one suffers from this. Phenomenal!

Night of Krampus

This terrible holiday is celebrated in the first 2 weeks of December before Christmas in Austria, Bavaria and Switzerland. About a thousand men dress up as Krampus - devilish creatures with horns and hooves, the antithesis of Santa Claus. They walk the streets, scaring children and adults. The Krampus beat the caught “pranksters” with rods.

The celebration is accompanied by mass fairs, processions and competitions. City residents compete for the best and scariest costume. They are not afraid of evil spirits!

Rituals and rituals

Particularly unusual and strange are the customs and traditions of the peoples of the world associated with religion, marriage and various initiation rituals. Some of them may seem absurd, but the natives believe that it is important, so they should not be considered stupid. Perhaps some traditions of our country also seem meaningless to some.

1. Japanese warriors still adhere to the code of Bushido, according to which in case of defeat he must commit suicide. It is better to die than to fall into the hands of enemies.
2. In Muslim countries, 2 days before the wedding, a girl is covered with temporary henna tattoos - mehendi, which symbolize femininity, fertility and good luck. They should only be applied by a happily married woman. Mehendi is usually painted on the feet and hands. The longer the tattoo lasts, the better, so the bride is even exempt from housework.

Chinese brides, namely residents of the city of Fuji, must cry for a whole month before the wedding. This is how they prepare for married life. Maybe they think that they will cry all their tears and won’t have to cry in the future?

• Here is another unusual folk ritual. When a person of the Tanomani tribe (Brazil) dies, his body is cremated. Relatives of the deceased mix the ashes with plantain decoction and drink. They believe that this pleases the dead soul, which finds a resting place in their bodies.
• The Greeks have a strange custom of not giving a damn about everything. In their opinion, such a ritual brings good luck and scares away the devil. They perform spitting rituals on various special occasions, such as christenings or weddings. In the old days, guests had to give a good spit on the bride's dress, but now everything is done quite symbolically. It is enough to say “tfu tfu tfu.”
• Young boys in Brazil undergo an extraordinary rite of passage. To prove their bravery and strength, members of the Satare-mawe tribe put their hands in a glove filled with poisonous ants. You need to hold out for 10 minutes, but the bites are unusually painful, and the pain lasts the whole day! There were even deaths.

In fact, every culture has a lot of fascinating things. Some may consider these customs inhumane. Others still look for meaning in them, because even the strangest customs and traditions in the world have an explanation.

Unusual traditions and rituals of the peoples of the world

Each nation has its own customs and traditions. Traditions can be the most original and interesting, even unexpected. And peoples pass on these traditions from generation to generation. So let's get acquainted with the most interesting traditions and customs.

Samoa

Samoans are accustomed to following the tradition of sniffing each other when they meet. Now this is not done as seriously as before, but simply respect and tribute to the ancestors. Previously, a person was sniffed to understand where he was from. Samoans could identify a variety of things by smell. For example, when was the last time he ate, or how long did he spend walking through the jungle? But the most common thing they did by smell was identify a stranger.

New Zealand

In New Zealand, Maori people also have an unusual tradition of saying hello. They touch each other's noses. This tradition began quite a long time ago. Once they touched noses, that person became a friend, not an ordinary person. It is worth noting that this tradition is observed even at the highest level. So, if you see a president rubbing another president's nose, you may not be surprised. These are the customs and culture of a given country, so they should not be neglected.

Andaman Islands

Here it is customary to sit on another person’s lap, hug the neck and cry. But you shouldn’t worry that everything is bad in his life and he complains to the person. The fact is that he is very happy to meet his friend, and tears are a sincere joy that fills him from meeting a loved one.

Kenya

There is a tribe in Kenya called the Maasai. They observe these traditions. For example, it is recommended to dance the welcome dance. The dance is performed exclusively by the male part. The dancers stand in a circle and jump high. The higher the jump, the braver and more courageous the warrior. After all, when hunting lions, they have to jump.

What interesting tradition does Tibet have?

It's customary to stick your tongue out here. This custom goes back to ancient times. Then a tyrant with a black tongue ruled there. The inhabitants of Tibet were afraid that even after death the tyrant would move in and commit atrocities, so they began to stick their tongues out at each other in order to protect themselves.

Advice

But before you do this yourself, while you are here, make sure that your tongue is not stained dark from food, otherwise you will be misunderstood and something not very pleasant may happen. And don't forget to cross your arms over your chest.

Japan

Japan, and other eastern countries, have an unusual tradition. Here you need to take off your shoes. In Japan, caring owners give you slippers, but only to get to the living room, and then you have to take off your shoes again and be barefoot. And socks must be perfectly clean.

Advice

When leaving guests, don’t forget what your slippers look like and don’t wear someone else’s.

Thailand

In that part of the country where Buddhism flourishes, it is not customary to touch someone else's head, because... it is considered offensive. The fact is that the head here is a sacred repository in which the soul is concentrated. Even babies' heads are not touched here. You should also not point your finger at anyone, because... it's very rude in Malaysia. If you want to point at someone, then use a clenched fist with your thumb extended (it is the one that shows the direction). And in the Philippines it’s not even customary to show it like that. They are quite modest people, so they show the direction with their eyes.

Interesting wedding traditions

Wedding in India

There is an unusual tradition in India. A third marriage cannot be carried out here. You can marry 4 times, or 2 times, but you can’t get married 3 times. But this ban applies exclusively to living people, so some men marry a tree for the third time. At the same time, all wedding traditions and customs are observed. At the end of the wedding celebration, the groom begins to “widow” by cutting down a tree. And therefore, a third marriage is no longer scary. This also happens when the younger brother decides to get married, but the older brother is not yet married. Then the latter marries the tree, becomes a widow and gives way to his younger brother. Each country has incredibly interesting customs and traditions. It is very interesting to recognize them and even observe them when you come to a particular country. Therefore, read informative articles and broaden your horizons, and then go to different countries and learn new traditions.

All peoples of the world have their own traditions and customs. They reflect the peculiarities of the life of the people, their habits and relationships between people. Traditions originate in ancient times, are passed down from generation to generation and are carefully observed by all members of society. Customs and traditions can be associated with the forces of nature, spirits and other issues that can somehow affect people's lives. Violation of traditions was previously considered unacceptable and was severely punished.

customs of the peoples of the world

Some countries have very unusual traditions, romantic and shocking, beautiful and extravagant.

Japan is very rich in customs

The Japanese have certain rituals and actions associated with each season. The most beautiful tradition known throughout the world is “flower viewing.” The blooming of chrysanthemums, sakura, and peaches make an indelible impression on the inhabitants of this country; they perceive the appearance of flowers as a miracle. Sakura is a symbol of the land of the rising sun; its delicate and beautiful flowers represent the beauty of human life. And in ancient times it was believed that the souls of dead ancestors lived in flowers. On the eve of cherry blossoms, television constantly reports in which area and on what days the first flowers are expected to appear, and the Japanese begin to prepare for this event. Companies declare a working day off. All employees go to the park to enjoy the beauty together with their employees and superiors. They sit under the trees and talk about the meaning of life, the laws of existence, love and devotion. At the same time, they drink sake and eat pieces of chicken and rice sweets. The procedure is somewhat reminiscent of our picnic, only more meaningful and spiritual. In the evening, tired but very happy, they go home. This is such a beautiful tradition.

Tourists, going on a trip to Japan, should know that under no circumstances should they break sakura branches, they should not even touch the flowers, they can only be contemplated.

An unusual tradition associated with Christmas

It exists in Finland. For Finns, this is a special holiday - a day when all relatives get together. In the morning they go to church, and at lunch they sit down at the festive table, drink hot grog and eat baked pork leg, which is poured with lingonberry jam. At the same time, they give each other gifts and say wishes. And closer to night, the whole family gets together and goes to the cemetery. On Christmas night, a large number of people gather there, they joyfully congratulate everyone on the holiday, light candles and place them on the graves of their relatives. Against the backdrop of snow-covered paths and graves, the burning lights look fabulous and mysterious. After visiting their deceased loved ones, Finns go to the sauna, where they relax and have fun until the morning.

Therefore, if you come to Finland at Christmas, which happens quite often, and you are offered to go to a cemetery, do not be surprised and refuse.

Customs associated with New Year celebrations

They are found in almost all countries. For example, in our country, as in many others, it is customary to put up a New Year’s tree in the house, decorate it with toys and leave gifts under it. We wait for the chimes to strike and only after that we congratulate everyone on the holiday and wish them a happy new year. But in Italy there is a rather unusual tradition. With the arrival of the New Year, extravagant and temperamental Italians throw out all unnecessary, old things from the windows of their homes. Many people even get rid of furniture, throwing it out onto the street. The more old things a person throws away, the more successful the coming year will be for him.

When celebrating the New Year in Italy, remember this custom and do not call the police to “calm down” your neighbors.

Customs and traditions of the Caucasus countries

This region is truly famous for them. The inhabitants of these places are masters in making homemade wine. Everyone knows how beautifully, accurately and subtly the inhabitants of the Caucasus can make toasts. A congratulatory speech can last for many minutes. But all this time, invited guests should not talk or drink from glasses - this is considered indecent and offensive. Everyone listens carefully and looks only at the person who is making the speech.

Tourists must be aware of this, otherwise there is a high risk of ending up in an awkward situation.

There are many interesting traditions that deserve attention. Many of them are common to different countries and nationalities. Some are found only in a certain area and amaze tourists with their originality. But all traditions and customs, like the culture of other peoples, must be honored and respected.