Conversational Azerbaijani for beginners. Greetings in Azerbaijani language

Silent tongue

You will easily notice that Azerbaijanis gesticulate much more actively to add emotion to their speech than Americans or Europeans. They feel more comfortable in close contact with their interlocutor, especially if the conversation is between two people of the same sex. They kiss. They hug. They can easily and naturally put their hand on your shoulder. Very often you can see two Azerbaijanis walking down the street shoulder to shoulder.

Azerbaijanis are more generous with greetings than people from the West. With some exceptions, it is considered rude to enter a room without saying hello. Azerbaijanis have a traditional expression Salamın hardadır?(Where is your greeting?), which is most often addressed to children who accidentally forgot to greet their elders.

An Azerbaijani university student studying in the United States was glad that he arrived early for class, otherwise, he thought, he would have had to greet everyone who arrived before him by the hand. Imagine his surprise when students coming to the lecture sat next to each other and did not even talk.

At evening parties, guests greet each other as they arrive, one after another. This is really the right decision, especially when 15-20 guests gather who do not know each other. Usually those who came earlier get up when someone arrives. This both simplifies greetings and gives them more meaning. When everyone leaves, the process is repeated exactly the opposite, and everyone says goodbye to everyone personally.

For Azerbaijanis, there is no shame in greeting people who just perform some service for them: taxi drivers, waiters or just office clerks. In public transport it is considered almost rude to travel for a long time with the same person and not greet him or start a conversation.

Nonverbal greetings

The greeting of two people is influenced by many factors: age, education, place of residence, profession or social status. And perhaps even the floor.

Azerbaijanis pay a lot of attention to visual contact when talking to each other. You will also notice that Azerbaijanis stand very close to each other when they are talking about something. Compared to Europeans, the difference is not very big, but according to Japanese etiquette, standing so close is simply unacceptable.

Man with man

Azerbaijani men always shake hands. You will see how they shake hands when they meet, and then, if someone is in a hurry, they still shake hands as a sign of farewell. A handshake does not necessarily happen between two people you know. If, for example, two walking people meet a third person who is unknown to one of them, everyone will still shake hands, often even before introducing themselves. It is even considered indecent to stand aside in such a situation when two familiar people greet each other and start a conversation.

If we are talking about close friends or relatives, then men hug each other and kiss, especially if they have not seen each other for a long time. Nowadays in Azerbaijan it is customary to kiss each other once on the left cheek, but Azerbaijanis living in Iran kiss three times when they meet, with the right cheeks touching first.

Woman with woman

Women rarely shake hands with each other. Of course, if in Azerbaijan a man or woman extends his hand to a woman, she will shake it, but usually women’s handshake is reserved for official ceremonies. If you do decide to shake the hand of an Azerbaijani woman, do not be surprised by a weak and gentle handshake, even if the woman herself looks lively and energetic.

Azerbaijani women are taught to show respect and restraint to others when shaking hands. Of course, now women work in the offices of foreign companies and quickly adapt to European etiquette, which can result in a firm handshake. However, people from their own culture are treated with restraint.

Women who see each other very often, for example at work or on the street, simply greet each other verbally. Good friends or relatives kiss and hug if they haven't seen each other for a long time. So they exchange a kiss on the left cheek.

Nowadays, especially among urban youth, it has become a habit to simply touch cheeks without kissing. In some places, women kiss many times to show their respect and affection. In Iran, women simply exchange a kiss on the right cheek. During the greeting kiss, Azerbaijanis stand close, enveloping each other in a warm embrace.

Man and woman

In fact, in Azerbaijan, a woman and a man do not often shake hands. But in an urban context this happens, with the man waiting for the woman to extend her hand first. Men don't want to seem too pushy or expecting anything. A handshake between a man and a woman is common when meeting for the first time. It is expected that a man very gently and carefully takes a woman’s hand, without force. In some places, a man may be the first to extend his hand to a woman if they have known each other for a long time.

Do a man and a woman kiss? If they know each other, then yes. In Iran, physical contact between a man and a woman in a public place is generally not accepted. They don't even shake hands. But at home or at a friendly party, they can kiss and hug close friends and relatives.

Children and youth

Girls are used to kissing, but boys just shake hands and can kiss and hug each other. Young children simply hold hands before starting to play together.

Adults and children

When an adult greets a preschool child whose parents are friends or relatives, then he simply leans over and kisses him tenderly. Children are taught at an early age to reciprocate kissing. Their parents can remind them: (You kiss too).

After kissing the children, the adult can continue to shower the child with praise and give him some attention by patting his head.

A priority

It is believed that young people should start greeting first in order to show their respect for elders, but usually elders themselves begin to greet first.

Verbal greetings

In the Azerbaijani language, there are two forms of the pronoun you: plural (polite address) and singular (informal address). As in Russian, the polite form ( siz) is used when addressing a stranger. Plural of siz will siniz. You can never go wrong if you address a stranger using the plural form.

The word (singular form) is used in conversation with close friends or subordinates. In general, the ending "-" is added to verbs according to the rules of harmony.

First meeting

During the first meeting, people greet each other with the phrase Salam(Arabic word meaning peace). If you already know the person, then you can use a range of greetings:

Peace to you.

Peace to you too (in response). .

Nice to meet you. .

A shorter answer could be:

I am very glad (assuming: to meet you). .

Word order

Keep in mind that verbs in the Azerbaijani language usually come at the end of the sentence. The stress usually falls on the last syllable, but there are exceptions.

When meeting a person for the first time, after greeting Salam don't usually ask "How are you doing?" If the conversation continues further, then it is better to pay all attention to the subject of the conversation. If you are a foreigner, then you may be asked where you are from and what brought you to Azerbaijan. If you are a woman, be prepared to be asked about your job, your marital status, and whether you have children during an informal conversation.

Everyday Greetings

Here we will show plural greetings, which are more polite forms. For information: the plural differs from the singular by the syllable " -ın-". So, for example, it turns into, and - into.

Sabahınız xeyir.
Good morning.

Good morning. (spoken in Iran).

Good evening.

How are you?

Informal greetings

How are you?

How are you?

I'm fine.

Thank you very much.

Note: this is the singular form, and the plural form (more polite).

Azerbaijanis in Iran can express gratitude in another way:

Thank you.

How are you? (in progress)

Note: colloquially a letter r at the end -dir not readable.

In general, two greetings are most often used in Iran:

How are you?

Despite the fact that in Azerbaijan itself the expression is used in cases when a person is sick, and does not mean the usual “How are you?”, Azerbaijanis consider it very polite to ask about the health of family members of a person they know.

Ananız necdir?
How is your mother doing?

Atanız necdir?
How is your father doing?

Qardaşınız necdir?
How is your brother doing?

Bacınız necdir?
How is your sister?

Uşaqlar necdirler?
How are your children doing?

In colloquial speech you can use the singular form:
Uşaqlar necdir?(How is your child?)

Uğlunuz necdirler?
How is your son doing?

Qızınız necdirler?
How is your daughter doing?

Yaxşıdır.
He/She is fine.

Pis deyil.
Not bad.

Note: In Iran, negation is expressed using deyir, and in Azerbaijan with deyil.

O qdr d yaxşı deyil.
Things are not going well for him/her.

If you want to find out how a specific person is doing (For example, his name is Frid), then necdir follows his name:

Frid necdir?
How is Farid doing?

In Azerbaijan, a person's name is usually accompanied by a title. When addressing a woman the word is used Xanım(Hanim). It says nothing about marital status, but looks more like the designation "Ms" in the West. They start saying “Hanim” to a girl if her age is approximately equal to or a little over 20. For example, Lal xanım, Vfa xanım.

The most common address to a man is By(Mr.) and Mullim(teacher) - in relation to a person whose work is related to education or intellectual life. For example: Hsn by. li mullim.

In Iran, the most common addresses are: xanım(to a woman) and ağa(to the man). Despite this, there is a tendency to use the surname rather than the person's given name, and to use the title before the surname. This influence came from the Persian language. For example: Ağa Xanlu, Xanım Tbrizi.

It is very important to inquire about the health of the relatives of the person you are talking to. If you don't know exactly who the family members are, you can use the general expression "How are things at home?" If you do not ask such personal questions, the Azerbaijani may think that you do not care about his personal life.

Evd n var - n yox?
How are things at home?

Evdkiler necdirlr?
verbatim: “How are those at home doing?”

Telephone communication

When two people talk on the phone, their communication usually begins with greetings. The phrases are approximately the same as when speaking live. If someone other than the one you want to talk to picks up the phone, it is considered rude to immediately ask the person you want. Instead, you are expected to talk a little with whoever answered the phone: inquire about their health, how they are doing, how they are doing at school or at work. You can even ask about significant events in the family: a wedding, the birth of a child, going to university or going on vacation. That is, five minutes may pass before you ask to give the phone to the person you need. You can ask the person you need like this:

(Name) evddir?
(Name) at home?

(Name) n edir?
What is (name) doing now?

(Name) necdir?
How is (name) doing?

Well, be surprised if an Azerbaijani, after exchanging formal greetings, asks you again how you are doing. This time your interlocutor is truly interested in how you are doing. Friends can ask each other about this.

Instructions

Go to a bookstore. Today, domestic bookstores offer books on linguistics for every taste. You can find there a Russian-Estonian phrasebook, a Russian-Hungarian dictionary, as well as a Ukrainian grammar. Among other things, there are also books on Azerbaijani. Grab yourself a few books to learn the Azerbaijani language and start building a common base. Familiarize yourself with the alphabet, learn the most common words of greeting, gratitude and farewell. Buy audio materials to help you practice pronunciation.

Get closer to the national culture. In our age of globalization, it is not so difficult to find films, books and music in Azerbaijani. The national culture of Azerbaijan will bring you closer to understanding the language. If the knowledge you gained at the stage of familiarization with the vocabulary and grammar of the Azerbaijani language allows you, you can read books and newspapers in Azerbaijani language.
Pay attention to the works of Chingiz Abdullayev, Shah Ismail Sefevi, Osman Mirzovev.

Spend in Azerbaijan. As such, the Azerbaijani language is difficult to find in Russia. However, the best way to learn a language is from native speakers. And where else, if not in Azerbaijan, do a large number of native speakers live? In addition, this country has a beautiful coastline of the Caspian Sea, and the cultural heritage in Azerbaijan is quite rich.
Just try to speak Russian less with local residents, despite the fact that they probably speak this language. This way you won't be able to increase your level much. The more Azerbaijani language, the better.
You can go to Iranian Azerbaijan. The Russian language will not help you much there, so you can completely immerse yourself in Azerbaijani culture.

Russian training at takes place differently depending on who is studying it - a foreigner or a Russian speaker. Both the approaches to studying and the expected results will be different. This is the first thing you should pay attention to when creating a Russian teaching program. language.

Instructions

However, you can study on your own, and both native speakers and foreigners can do this. The fact that Russian speakers do not need to study the language, it is enough to learn how words are written and where the comma is placed, is complete absurdity. Perhaps it is even more important for native speakers to learn their language than for foreigners. The approaches to studying here will be fundamentally different: foreigners move from function to form, Russian speakers - from form to function.

It happens like this. A native speaker already knows Russian and speaks it fluently. He needs to systematize his knowledge in order to speak and write correctly, and we are talking here not only about spelling and punctuation, but also about stylistics, rhetoric, techniques for creating text and its genre varieties. So don't think that you studied syntax and morphology just to occupy your time. All these disciplines were needed in order to better understand spelling and punctuation. The form was already known to you, now you need to learn about its function in order to use it correctly in life. Therefore, if you want to fully master your native language, do not forget the basic concepts and rules, study the textbooks again.

Read as much as possible. They say that there is no such thing as innate literacy. A person who reads a lot subsequently turns out to be more literate than someone who does not like to read. When reading, the habit of writing and formatting your written speech is formed as it is written in a verified text that has passed through the hands of more than one editor. Rules are a good thing, but if the rules are not provided with examples and a fair amount of practice, they are of little use. Therefore, pick up books from the library - and go ahead!

If we are talking about foreigners, then they should first explain what they should say (for example, how to get there, what is the name of the interlocutor, and so on). You must select all the means by which this function is expressed, and then tell people how to express this or that thought. Through function, form will be learned faster.

Generally speaking, to learn any language, placement in a language environment is important. You have probably noticed yourself that people who left, for example, for America, learn it much faster than those people who study it while remaining in their homeland. The same thing happens with the Russian language. Therefore, if a person does not live in Russia or does not communicate with Russian speakers, he should watch films with subtitles, listen to songs, and read as much as possible. But, of course, those foreigners who came to study in Russia are in an advantageous position: they get used to lively, fast Russian speech, and the language fits into their heads faster.

note

Of course, for this it is advisable to have at least a minimum vocabulary (although not necessary, it will be replenished automatically). ___So, in order to learn the Russian language: to learn to write, speak and think competently and eloquently, you need to read several (5 6) times, or better yet, learn by heart, one small book - a reference book on the Russian language.

Helpful advice

Myth 1 – children living in a non-Russian-speaking environment are Russian-speaking, because they were born in a Russian-speaking family and hear Russian at home. Communicating in kindergarten, school, on the street with native speakers of the country of residence and not specifically studying the Russian language, the child loses the Russian language, even when communicating in it with his family. Myth 3 – knowing a language means learning as many words as possible. With a good memory, you can even learn a dictionary. But knowledge of vocabulary is not yet knowledge of the language: the right word can be found in the dictionary.

Swedish is spoken by more than nine million people around the world. In addition, it is the most widely spoken language on the Scandinavian Peninsula. Learning Swedish is a difficult but completely doable task.

You will need

• - computer with Internet access;
• - Swedish language textbook.

Instructions

Start with the Swedish alphabet. It consists of 29 letters. Repeat the pronunciation of certain letters and their combinations over and over again.

Learn basic Swedish grammar. In the future, you will understand how complex sentences are formed.

Get a notebook and write down words and phrases in it. When you write, say all the words out loud several times. This will help you remember them faster.

Buy special square notes that you can stick on. Write one word in Swedish on each piece of paper. language. One word - one object that is in your apartment. Paste these sheets of paper on the appropriate items. When you go to the refrigerator, for example, you will see a note and remember the word.

Download or buy your favorite author's work in Swedish online. Try to read the book once and understand the general meaning. Since you have already read the book language, it won’t be difficult for you. Use a dictionary if necessary. Then read the work. The second and subsequent times you will understand much more words.

Studying foreign languages became a necessity due to the conventionality of borders between countries. It is especially important to know the language of neighboring countries, with which economic relations are often maintained. One of them is Estonia.

Instructions

Use tutorials. If you decide to start learning Estonian, then you cannot do without books. First of all, you need to master grammar, construct phrases, and only then start learning words and phrases. It is advisable to combine several methods, that is, study from at least two books. This approach will bring much greater results.

Communicate with native speakers. There is nothing better than a warm Wednesday. If you don’t have the opportunity to speak Estonian in your country, don’t despair. Install Skype and make Estonian friends. At first you will understand a minimum of what you hear, but over time the conversations will become clearer and more interesting.

Expand your vocabulary. Once you have mastered the grammar, start learning words. Flip through dictionaries, stick small pieces of paper with new words around your apartment and don’t take them down until you remember the spelling and translation.

Sign up for . If learning a language on your own is not always easy, then with strict guidance this task becomes easier. Choose a training program - group or individual. The second will give results much faster, although it will cost a little more. The advantages of the first one are that you will constantly communicate not only with the teacher, but also with other people in the subject you are studying.

The meaning of the name Chingiz in childhood

Little Chingiz grows up as a conflict-free, sensual and good-natured boy. This is a smart child who masters this or that school material without any difficulty. Chingiz reads a lot and is generally interested in everything that happens around him. An inquisitive boy continually bombards his parents with constant questions about the world around him. For this reason, an erudite child should be sent to a historical, biological or literary club.

The meaning of the name Chingiz in adult life

The matured Chingiz becomes a wise, self-confident, but vain man. He loves to make a special impression on the people around him. Genghis will never ask anyone for advice; he considers his opinion to be the only correct one. Chingiz is constantly in a sea of ​​vivid emotions; he is always where life is in full swing. Boredom and monotony are not for him. Chingiz has weak nerves: the man is often capable of sharp attacks against certain people. For this reason, he has few friends.

The adult owner of the name Chingiz is constantly reaching for something new. Taking on some new large-scale project is a piece of cake for him! A man has strong-willed qualities, the ability to convince others on certain issues, and also firmly defends his point of view. The bright and powerful willpower of Chingiz can be observed in non-standard and extreme situations. In everyday life, he is a modest person who tries not to stand out.

The meaning of the name Chingiz. Career

Chingiz is a real careerist. Men named by this name will do everything possible to earn a sufficient living. Chingiz will find a way to make money even where it is hidden from prying eyes. Such men make excellent entrepreneurs, leaders, etc. This man is truly proud of his professional successes. At the first opportunity, he will tell others about them.

The name is Chingiz. Family life

Most Genghis are greedy for female beauty. They love to flirt or have light affairs. Next to this man there are always stylish and sophisticated women. Genghis knows his worth, so he will never look in the direction of a nondescript “gray mouse”. Moreover, the life partner also plays the role of a kind of “accessory”, through which Genghis makes the best impression of himself.

If this man gets married, it will happen quite late. Chingiz's marriage is more reminiscent of a profitable deal than a passionate union of two loving hearts. However, in family life this person is a reliable support for his wife and children. Chingizs make excellent fathers. A loving wife will bring him many children.

Video on the topic

Personally, I can only remember and learn new words through communication. I'm such a lazy person... Just taking a dictionary and teaching them doesn't work. They quickly fade from memory(((If I had come to your site a year ago, I would probably have opened and immediately closed complex articles) Although your material is presented in a very dosed manner. Thank you very much for your work.

I’m not advertising, but I just want to tell you my experience of learning the Azeri language. Although I’ve been studying it for a year now, I don’t know as much as I would like. Because everything is case by case. It’s time to take a dictionary without fear and learn words) This has already become more interesting than a year ago.

On social networks there are various versions of the game - spin the bottle. And this game is played by many native speakers. In this case, Azerbaijani. And if you come there with at least minimal knowledge, you can quickly get acquainted and communicate with the host using personal messages or in the game chat. Of course, there are some big disadvantages:
1. I don’t understand by ear ((For me to understand what they told me, they write it to me (for example, if the communication is via Skype). And all because I write a lot in the Azeri language, but I don’t speak)
2. Difficulty with the accent. I understand that there are a lot of different dialects in Azerbaijan. For example, ne edirsen (what are you doing) But, as I understand it, the accent is nagarsan, neynirsen. Or niye (why/why), and in Baku dialect - noşun.
3. And it is very difficult when the native speaker does not know Russian at all. Although, on the other hand, this can be a plus - it forces me to look in dictionaries, ask for help in translation on various resources, in short, not to be lazy) 4. I often pay attention to how and what Azeri write in the game chat in their language, how to make sentences. But not everyone writes correctly, the finger does not always hit the right letter, and you yourself understand that SMS messages with errors are sent to the chat. Native speakers understand well, but I often fall into a stupor). But it’s no longer there, but I have experience and can even see the beginnings of mistakes. There used to be a problem))
And the most important thing that I like is that Azerbaijanis are very friendly towards those who study their language :) Therefore, getting to know each other for communication is not difficult. And if you master grammar, then in written communication, it then reaches the “automatic” level. I already have some rules honed well) I don’t frantically get into the sign with the rule, I don’t even think about it. It feels like everything is so natural))

Therefore, for those who lack communication in the Azeri language, I recommend this toy as an additional incentive and practice.

Now it’s time for me to specifically improve my grammar - for example, the formation of variants of the past tense, cases also suffer for me and learn and learn words) I’m very happy about your resource) I even registered)

And it’s also so interesting to communicate in a foreign language)) And I noticed that each interlocutor has his own characteristics)) For example, one likes to insert inan inan all the time) And the other - he or qisasi, or often says “we passed” (ne ise)) I even often ask başqa sozu bilirsen?)