Income statement. Profit and loss statement as part of the annual reporting

The income statement or the so-called income statement is considered one of the most useful forms of accounting reporting within any business. This report characterizes in detail the result of the financial performance of the enterprise in the reporting period. Reporting is of particular interest not only to the owner of the organization, but also to the tax authorities.

What is profit and loss reporting?

Profit and loss statements show not only the financial performance of the enterprise, but also how certain funds were received and spent. Such a report allows you to analyze the effectiveness of the organization. It is considered on a par with the balance sheet as one of the most important sources for analyzing the economic situation in the company.

In addition, the report can be used for the following purposes:

Comparative analysis of the current reporting period with the past one to identify positive and negative trends.
Determination of factors affecting the final financial result of the activity.
Studying the structure, composition, as well as dynamics, income from various sales, etc.
Determining the effectiveness of a particular organization, as well as the level of benefits of investments in this enterprise.

Reporting on profits or losses is prepared in accordance with Form No. 2 established by the Ministry of Finance. Knowledge of this form is mandatory for all accountants and financiers.

Structure of the income statement

The report structure contains several components:

Income . This report item consists of any kind of contributions that increase the company’s budget, without taking into account the contributions of the owners. One of the most important items in income is revenue. Revenue includes rent, sales, interest and dividends, payments for services, and royalties. Other types of income in their essence differ little from revenue and serve to increase the company’s budget.
Expenses . Expenses include all operations that reduce the economic benefits of the enterprise by wasting fixed capital in one direction or another. Expenses include various losses, as well as natural costs that arise during the operation of the enterprise.
Gross profit . It is calculated by deducting the cost of goods sold from sales revenue. From the resulting gross profit, the remaining expenses that are not included in the production costs are subtracted.

The document form looks like this:

Thus, the holistic structure of the report includes income and expenses with all their items, as well as detailed calculations to determine the performance of the enterprise.

How to prepare a profit and loss statement?

Sometimes in business documents, long nomenclature is specifically replaced with this - capacious, short and clear - form No. 2. The following items must be filled in:

Income statement with expenses for ordinary activities . According to the direct nature of the enterprise's activities, it itself declares which of its income and expenses relate to ordinary activities and which do not. For example, an ordinary type of activity may be considered to be one whose share of income is more than 5% of the total amount of income.
Other income and expenses . Such income and expenses include operating, non-operating and extraordinary income or expenses. It is important to take into account that non-operating and operating expenses and income are reflected in one account (91), and emergency ones in another (99).
Determination of financial result . This article reflects directly the calculations that determine the “net” income of the enterprise or loss from sales, depending on the efficiency of work. This calculation is made before taxation, so it does not show completely accurate data. The financial result is indicated under line 050.
Income tax calculations . Here you need to indicate the current tax amount. It is determined according to tax accounting for the reporting period. In accounting, the indicated amount should be reflected in account 68.
Calculation of net profit or loss . In this case, the accountant will need to indicate the net profit or loss, taking into account various nuances for the billing period. The form also provides for writing net profit or losses for the past year for comparative analysis.
reference Information . As reference information, the Ministry of Finance recommends indicating the amount of the organization’s permanent tax liabilities, as well as the amount of basic and diluted loss (or profit) per share in accordance with the current economic situation.

The procedure for filling out a report can be significantly simplified by relying on the sample filling offered by the Ministry of Finance:

Profit and loss statement according to IFRS

IFRS is an international financial reporting standard. Novice accountants may confuse this type of reporting with accounting reporting standards (for example, Russian PBU). IFRS is a standard that reflects the final stage of accounting work on the report. IFRS uses two options for presenting expenses, according to which expenses are broken down into subclasses. Let's look at these methods in more detail:

Nature of costs

The criterion for the nature of costs involves combining costs in accordance with their nature and excluding further redistribution according to purpose within the organization. This method is considered the simplest due to the absence of the need to distribute expenses.

According to this method, classification includes:

revenue;
Other income;
changes in the quantity of leftovers of manufactured products or work in progress;
raw materials and supplies that were used;
employee expenses;
depreciation and other expenses;
general expenses;
calculation results.

By purpose of costs

A more complex method that involves a significant amount of paperwork. In this case, expenses will need to be divided into subclasses according to their purpose as cost of sales. The distribution is quite subjective, which is one of the very serious disadvantages of the method. However, it provides more useful information than the previous method.

The classification will include:

revenue;
cost of sales;
gross profit with other income;
costs and expenses, including administrative;
final net profit.

Russian practice provides for the classification of costs precisely by functional purpose as the most effective for analyzing the activities of an enterprise.

Video: Profit and Loss Statement

A complex topic in simple terms: how to properly prepare a profit and loss statement, and what is it for? Stanislav Furta, a famous business coach, will answer these questions:

The financial statements also include filling out a statement of losses and profits in accordance with Form No. 2. It will allow you to monitor the performance of business activities.

The financial results report in 2019 is a form in which the organization’s income, expenses and financial results for 2018 are presented. In the article we provided a table with a breakdown of the report articles. You will also find samples and examples of filling out the form, you can download the form and sample, and also fill out the report online.

What is an income statement

The financial results report is a mandatory form that is part of the accounting. The Ministry of Finance enshrined this rule in PBU 4/99 and approved it by order No. 43n dated 07/06/1999).

In the regulation, officials indicated what is included in the reporting: “accounting statements consist of a balance sheet, a profit and loss statement, appendices and an explanatory note, as well as an auditor’s report.” You can create a report online and without leaving the article.

Income Statement and Profit and Loss Statement for 2018

The Ministry of Finance in its regulations on accounting gives the name “profit and loss statement”. However, this is the old name for the financial results report. Back in 2015, the Ministry of Finance renamed the form by its order No. 57n dated 04/06/2015. Many accountants, out of habit, call the form in the old way.

Experts explain the composition of financial statements. Read the full course in the program "". And in the section “Form of the financial results report” you can download the form for both the typical form and the simplified one.

Who signs the OFR

Accounting statements (form 2) are considered prepared after its paper version is signed by the head of the company (Part 8, Article 13 of Law No. 402-FZ). But officials allow reports to be signed by any other employee by proxy instead of the director. The chief accountant is no exception. But all copies of reporting must be signed by the same representative of the organization. That is, both the Federal Tax Service and Rosstat must submit reports with the same signatures.

Tax authorities agree with this approach, as stated in the letter of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated June 26, 2013 No. ED-4-3/11569@. The document is posted on the official website of the service and communicated to lower inspections.

In any case, the annual reports must be signed on paper. If you send it to the inspectorate electronically, then you don’t need to submit the paper version either. But in case of verification, the printed signed version must be kept in the accounting department.

Where to submit the report

Company forms are submitted to tax and statistics offices as part of annual tax reporting. The report is also viewed by other users, for example, shareholders. The rules for compiling a report in such cases vary.

Elena Popova answers,

State Advisor to the Tax Service of the Russian Federation, 1st rank

“In the standard form, the lines are not numbered. Look at the codes for the lines in Appendix 4 to the order of the Ministry of Finance dated 07/02/2010 No. 66n. You only need to number the lines if you submit reports to the statistics department and the tax office.

However, there are specific features for certain categories of organizations. For example, small businesses reflect aggregated indicators in their balance sheets, which include several indicators. In this case, enter the line code according to the indicator that is larger in value than others included in this line.

If you prepare reports for shareholders……..”

Financial report submission deadline

Companies must submit accounting forms to the tax office no later than three months after the end of the reporting year (Article 23 of the Tax Code, Article 18 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 No. 402-FZ).

For 2018, the form will be filled out in 2019, and the due date will move to April, since March 31 is Sunday. The next working day is Monday, April 1st.

Financial results report form

The annual financial statements consist of the Balance Sheet and Form 2, as well as appendices to them (Part 1 of Article 14 of the Federal Law of December 6, 2011 No. 402-FZ).

The balance sheet and financial report are submitted on standard or simplified forms. Both of them were approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n. For information on how to fill out the lines, see the section below.

The financial results report reflects the following indicators:

revenue;
cost of sales;
Gross profit (loss);
commercial and administrative expenses;
profit (loss) from sales;
interest receivable and payable;
other income and expenses;
profit (loss) before tax;
changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities;
Net income (loss);
reference Information.

We will provide a sample report on the financial activities of the enterprise (form 2) in the next section.

Sample of filling out the financial results report in 2019

How to fill out an income statement

When compiling the Financial Results Report (Form 2 or FPR) for 2018 in 2019, see the recommendations of the Russian Ministry of Finance for conducting an audit for the reporting period.

All income in the report should be shown minus VAT and excise taxes (clause 3 of PBU 9/99). Indicate all expenses, as well as negative indicators, in parentheses, without the minus sign.

Comparability of income statement indicators

The indicators for the reporting period must be comparable with the indicators for the same period last year. That is, they must be formed according to the same rules. Incomparability of indicators may arise if significant errors from previous years were identified in the reporting period or the accounting policies of the organization have changed. In this case, in Form 2 of the balance sheet for the current period, last year’s indicators will have to be adjusted based on the current conditions. But reports for previous periods do not need to be corrected.

If any balance sheet information requires detailed decoding, it is entered in a separate form -. And in the Report, in the “Explanations” column, a link is made to the corresponding table or number of explanations of this form.

Please note: errors identified in accounting and financial statements must be corrected. Experts explain how to make corrections.

Income tax in line 2410-2400

The third category includes organizations that do not pay income tax according to the law, but must keep accounting records (clause 1 of PBU 18/02). These are, for example, payers of UTII or gambling tax. Such organizations may use dashes when filling out lines , , .

The amount of UTII or gambling tax that reduces the indicator in line 2300 “Profit (loss) before tax” is indicated in line 2460 “Other”. In this case, the organization has the right to determine the details of this line independently. The same rules should be followed by organizations that combine the general taxation system with the payment of UTII or gambling tax.

On which line should the simplified single tax or UTII be reflected:

Net profit in line 2400

On line 2400 “Net profit (loss)”, indicate the result calculated using the formula:

Check that the net profit (loss) reflected in the Report at the end of the year coincides with the closing balance in account 99 “Profits and losses” (including rounding ). It should be written off to account 84“Retained earnings (uncovered loss)” when reforming the balance sheet (form No. 1).

Transcript of report articles

In the table we have given the articles of the financial performance report and the indicators that are reflected for each line of Form 2.

Title of report articles	Accounting accounts	Note
	Total turnover on credit account 90 “Sales” subaccount “Revenue”; minus turnover on the debit of account 90 of the subaccount: - “Value added tax”; - “Excise taxes”	Revenue is income from ordinary activities, which include the sale of products and goods, performance of work, and provision of services. The list of such income is given in paragraph 5 of PBU 9/99
Cost of sales	Total turnover in the debit of account 90 “Sales” subaccount “Cost of sales” in correspondence with the accounts: - 20 “Main production”; - 21 “Semi-finished products of own production”; - 23 “Auxiliary production”; - 29 “Service industries and farms”; - 40 “Release of products (works, services)”; - 41 “Products”; - 43 “Finished products”; - 45 “Goods shipped”
Gross profit (loss)	The difference between the amounts reflected in lines 2110 and 2120
Business expenses	Total turnover in the debit of account 90 “Sales” subaccount “Cost of sales” in correspondence with account 44 “Sales expenses”	Indicate the indicator in parentheses (without the minus sign)
Administrative expenses	Total turnover in the debit of account 90 “Sales” subaccount “Cost of sales” in correspondence with account 26 “General business expenses”	Fill out this line if the accounting policy provides for the write-off of general business expenses directly to the debit of account 90 “Sales”.
Profit (loss) from sales	The difference between the amounts reflected on lines 2100, 2210 and 2220	The indicator must correspond to the difference between the total turnover for the reporting period in the debit and credit of account 90 “Sales”, subaccount “Profit (loss) from sales” in correspondence with account 99 “Profits and losses”. Indicate the loss in parentheses (without the minus sign)
Income from participation in other organizations	Total turnover on the credit of account 91 “Other income and expenses” subaccount “Other income” in correspondence with account 76 “Settlements with various debtors and creditors” subaccount “Settlements for due dividends and other income”
Interest receivable	Total turnover on the credit of account 91 “Other income and expenses” subaccount “Other income” in correspondence with the accrued interest accounts: - on securities; - on loans issued; - for the bank’s use of free funds in the organization’s account, etc.
Percentage to be paid	Total turnover in the debit of account 91 “Other income and expenses” subaccount “Other expenses” in correspondence with the accounting accounts: - interest payable on issued securities; - received credits and loans	Indicate the indicator in parentheses (without the minus sign)
Other income	Total turnover on the credit of account 91 “Other income and expenses” subaccount “Other income” minus: - data on lines 2310 and 2320;	The list of other income is given in paragraph 7 of PBU 9/99. At the same time, accrued VAT, excise taxes and other similar payments are not income (clause 3 of PBU 9/99). Therefore, these amounts must be excluded when determining the indicator on line 2340
other expenses	Total turnover in the debit of account 91 “Other income and expenses” subaccount “Other expenses” minus: - data on line 2330; - turnover on the debit of account 91 subaccount “Other expenses” in terms of VAT (in correspondence with account 68 subaccount “VAT settlements”)	Indicate the indicator in parentheses (without the minus sign)
Profit (loss) before tax	Sum of data on lines 2200, 2310, 2320, 2340 minus data on lines 2330 and 2350	Indicate the negative value of the indicator in parentheses (without the minus sign)
Current income tax	The difference between the total turnover in the debit and credit of account 68 “Calculations for taxes and fees” subaccount “Calculations for current income tax” in correspondence with the accounts: - 09 “Deferred tax assets”; - 77 “Deferred tax liabilities”; - 99 “Profits and losses” subaccount “Conditional expense (conditional income) for income tax”; - 99 “Profits and losses” subaccount “Fixed tax liabilities (assets)”	The indicator must correspond to the amount of income tax reflected on line 180 of sheet 02 of the income tax return, approved by order of the Federal Tax Service of Russia dated October 19, 2016 No. ММВ-7-3/572. Indicate the indicator in parentheses (without the minus sign)
Including permanent tax liabilities (assets)	The difference between the total turnover in the debit and credit of account 99 “Profits and losses” subaccount “Fixed tax liabilities (assets)” in correspondence with account 68 “Calculations for taxes and fees”	If the turnover on the debit of account 99 “Profits and losses” subaccount “Fixed tax liabilities (assets)” is less than the turnover on the loan, indicate the permanent tax asset - without brackets If the turnover in the debit of account 99 “Profits and losses” subaccount “Fixed tax liabilities (assets)” is greater than the turnover on the loan, indicate the permanent tax liability - in parentheses
Change in deferred tax liabilities	The difference between the total turnover on the credit and debit of account 77 “Deferred tax liabilities” in correspondence with account 68 “Calculations for taxes and fees” subaccount “Calculations for current income tax”	If the credit turnover of account 77 “Deferred tax liabilities” is less than the debit turnover, then indicate the difference without brackets If the credit turnover of account 77 “Deferred tax liabilities” is greater than the debit turnover, then indicate the difference in parentheses
Change in deferred tax assets	The difference between the total turnover in the debit and credit of account 09 “Deferred tax assets” in correspondence with account 68 “Calculations for taxes and fees” subaccount “Calculations for current income tax”	If the turnover on the debit of account 09 “Deferred tax assets” is greater than the turnover on the loan, then indicate the difference without brackets If the turnover on the debit of account 09 “Deferred tax assets” is less than the turnover on the loan, then indicate the difference in parentheses
	Turnovers in account 99 “Profits and losses” not reflected in the previous lines	Indicate the negative value of the indicator in parentheses (without the minus sign)
Net income (loss)	Line 2300 + (-) line 2430 + (-) line 2450 - line 2410 + (-) line 2460	The indicator should be equal to the final balance in account 99 “Profits and losses”, which, when reforming the balance sheet, is written off to account 84 “Retained earnings (uncovered loss)”. Indicate the negative value of the indicator in parentheses (without the minus sign)
For information Result from the revaluation of non-current assets, not included in net profit (loss)	Turnovers on the debit and credit of accounts 83 “Additional capital” in correspondence with accounts 01 and 04
Result from other operations not included in the net profit (loss) of the period	Turnovers on capital accounts (excluding revaluation of non-current assets)	Currently, the accounting legislation does not define the concept of aggregate financial result. And there are no established rules for calculating the result of other operations that are not included in net profit, but affect the overall result. Therefore, when filling out line 2520, organizations need to be guided by the rules established by IFRS (clause 7 of PBU 1/2008). Organizations that do not apply IFRS may not fill out this line.
Total financial result of the period	Sum of data by rows 2400, 2510, 2520
Basic earnings (loss) per share	The calculation procedure is defined in Section II of the Methodological Recommendations approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated March 21, 2000 No. 29n
Diluted earnings (loss) per share	The calculation procedure is defined in Section III of the Methodological Recommendations approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated March 21, 2000 No. 29n	Calculate joint stock companies

The financial results report (Form 2) is a form of strict accounting reporting that reflects information about income received, expenses incurred and the final results of the financial and economic activities of the institution. OKUD form code - 0710002, the form was approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated July 2, 2010 No. 66n (as amended by Orders of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated October 5, 2011 No. 124n, dated April 6, 2015 No. 57n). You can download a financial results report form on our website.

When are they renting out?

To disclose data on income received from business activities, reporting on the intended use of funds is used. And for detailed information in the event that excess profit is received, the rate of which is determined in the accounting policy (clause 1, article 13 of law No. 402-FZ, clauses 6 and 11 PBU 4/99, Information of the Ministry of Finance dated December 4, 2012 No. PZ- 10/2012), it is necessary to prepare and submit a report on financial results.

Use the generally established report form from Appendix 1 to Order No. 66n. An exception is consumer cooperatives (CMP), which can use a simplified accounting system. A special form has been developed for them, enshrined in Appendix 5 of Order No. 66n.

The deadline for submitting the financial results report is within 3 months after the end of the reporting period. Since Form No. 2 is considered an integral part of the annual reporting, it must be submitted no later than March 31 of the year following the reporting year. Thus, the form for OKUD 0710002 for 2018 must be submitted to the regulatory authorities before 04/01/2019 (the date is postponed, so 03/31/2019 is Sunday).

If the enterprise was registered during the last quarter of the year (that is, from October 1), then it has the right to submit reports under OKUD 0710002 not immediately after the expiration of the reporting period (until March 31), but a year later.

Who rents

Each legal entity that is registered with the tax office and conducts financial and economic activities must reflect all transactions in accounting and provide periodic and final reports to regulatory authorities.

Thus, a statement of financial results, as well as a balance sheet, must be submitted by absolutely all economically active entities, regardless of their legal form and taxation system. This rule also applies to non-profit organizations.

Who doesn't write the report?

The financial results report is not provided:

credit organizations;
insurance organizations;
state (municipal) institutions.

Individual entrepreneurs and foreign companies operating in the Russian Federation are also not required to submit such reports, but can provide them at their own request.

Which form to use: simplified or complete

The report is submitted in full format by all organizations that do not meet the parameters established for small businesses.

According to Part 4 of Art. 6 402-FZ, the legislative announcement of the possibility of using a simplified form of a statement of financial results applies to institutions that use simplified accounting methods. These include:

small business representatives;
non-profit companies;
enterprises operating within the framework of 244-FZ dated September 28, 2010 and receiving the status of participants in a project to carry out research, development and commercialization of the results of such projects.

All these institutions have the right to use a simplified form. However, to use simplified reporting, they need to secure this possibility in their accounting policies.

The form according to OKUD 0710002 in full format is submitted by the following categories of business entities:

institutions for which there is a legislative requirement to conduct mandatory analysis and audit of their reporting;
enterprises whose activities are related to housing and housing-construction cooperatives, as well as credit consumer cooperatives;
microfinance firms;
parties and party regional branches;
law firms, bureaus and chambers, bar associations;
legal advice and notaries;

Where and how to submit

The financial results report must be submitted as part of the annual financial statements to the following regulatory authorities:

In the Federal Tax Service. The report is submitted to the tax office at the place of registration of the business entity. If an institution has various branches and divisions, consolidated reporting is submitted, that is, all registers of divisions are combined into a single summary and submitted to the territorial Federal Tax Service Inspectorate at the place of registration of the parent company.
To local statistical authorities. Rosstat also requires submitting the form without fail. Moreover, if an institution ignores this obligation, the authority may impose serious penalties.
The report is provided annually to the founders of the enterprise. The owners study, analyze, check and then approve the register.
A number of regulatory authorities have the right to request form 0710002 if necessary.
Reporting may be requested by contractors when concluding agreements and contracts on a particularly large scale to confirm the financial solvency of the customer. However, the manager has the right to refuse the counterparty and not show them the amount of his profits and losses.

You can submit reports in various ways. The first is in person or through a representative on the basis of a power of attorney to the territorial bodies of the Federal Tax Service and Rosstat. To do this, the document is printed in two copies and signed by the manager or other responsible person. One copy is for the receiving party, the other remains with the reporting organization. A copy with the authority’s mark of acceptance is stitched together with the final balance sheet.

Only those institutions whose number of employees does not exceed 100 people can submit a report in person.

The second method is by post or by courier. A letter with a register and a mandatory inventory of the postal attachment is sent to the regulatory authority.

The third is the most convenient and fastest way. The report can be submitted to the Federal Tax Service and Rosstat using special programs for electronic document management. In this case, the reporting file is signed with an enhanced electronic qualified signature and transmitted via communication channels to the appropriate authority. When using this method, the specialist must wait for information about the receipt of the file by the regulatory authority.

How to fill out

The preamble to the financial results statement must include:

reporting period, date of completion;
full name of the organization, TIN, KPP;
organizational and legal form, type of ownership;
type of economic activity;
codes according to all-Russian classifiers;
unit of measurement;
location.

Next, a table of 4 columns with key reporting values is filled in. It includes explanations to the report, line code (Appendix 4 of Order No. 66n), name and comparable values of indicators for the current and similar reporting period - year (clause 10 of PBU 4/99).

The financial results report is approved by the head of the organization.

In the report on Form No. 2 you must fill out:

Revenue - line 2110: profitability from ordinary activities.
Cost of sales - 2120: information on expenses for ordinary activities that formed the cost of goods, work or services.
Gross profit, loss - 2100: data on the gross profit (loss) of the institution.
Selling expenses - 2210: expenses directly related to the sale of goods, work or services.
Management expenses - 2220: costs associated with managing the enterprise.
Profit, loss from sales - 2200: income or loss from business activities.
Income from participation in other organizations - 2310: income received from participation in the authorized capital of other institutions.
Interest receivable - 2320: information about interest received, which is one of the types of income.
Interest payable - 2330: expenses incurred as interest accrued payable.
Other income - 2340.
Other expenses - 2350.
Profit, loss before tax - 2300.
Current income tax - 2410: the amount of calculated tax from the tax return.
Permanent tax liabilities - 2421.
Other - 2460.
Net profit, loss - 2400.
The total financial result is 2500.

If the institution does not have actual numerical data, dashes are entered in the columns.

How to fill out in a simplified form

The procedure for filling out a simplified report does not differ significantly from the full-format register. The main difference is the smaller number of lines characterizing the indicators of financial and economic activity. At the same time, the algorithm for calculating indicators of the simplified and full formats is similar. The following characteristics are entered into the simplified form:

revenue (line 2110);
expenses for main activities (line 2120);
interest on loans (p. 2330);
other income (line 2340);
other expenses (line 2350);
income taxes (p. 2410);
net profit (p. 2400).

Common errors when generating a report

Since the income statement is a form of rigorous accounting, it must be prepared properly. To avoid incorrect actions and inaccuracies, we will deal with common mistakes in the report according to Form No. 2.

First of all, specialists are strictly prohibited from hiding real data on the effectiveness of their financial and economic activities.

Also, when filling out the report, you need to monitor the calculations and avoid arithmetic errors. To avoid inaccuracies in the total values when preparing a report, it is recommended to use specialized programs and services.

Significant errors also include:

Filling out line 2110 “Revenue” taking into account the amount of calculated VAT.
Calculation of income tax without applying PBU “Accounting for income tax calculations”.
Lack of a certificate deciphering the reporting indicators.

Sample of filling out the OKUD form 0710002

Another report that an organization must submit is a profit and loss statement. This report has form No. 2 and is recommended by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation; it is submitted based on the results of the calendar year (by March 30 of the next year). In this article, we will use an example to understand how to fill out a profit and loss statement. You will be able to view a completed sample report, Form No. 2, and also download the report form itself, current for 2013. Download the financial results report for 2014 (form and completed sample). Each line of the profit and loss statement indicates the total indicators for the reporting period and for the same period of the previous year. Amounts shown in brackets are subtracted.

Filling out Form 2 of the balance sheet (sample)

How to draw up a Report in Form 2 Fill out the “header” of the document, which indicates the reporting period; Business name; TIN; OKVED, OKPO, OKOPF/OKFS codes; type of ownership; units of measurement (code 384 - in thousands of rubles, code 385 - in millions of rubles, decimal places are rounded to whole thousand/millions). In order to draw up a Profit and Loss Statement, it is important to consider the following points when filling out the lines: Get 267 video lessons on 1C for free:

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2110 - revenue from the main activity of the enterprise minus VAT.
2120 - the amount of revenue (Dt 90 “Sales”) minus commercial expenses for sales.

Fill out the profit and loss report form No. 2 (download the report form)

The indicator “Profit (loss) from sales” reflects the difference between the proceeds from the sale of goods, products, works and services and the sum of cost, commercial and administrative expenses. The indicator “Profit (loss) before tax” characterizes profit (loss) from sales plus interest receivable, minus interest payable, plus income from participation in other organizations, plus and minus other operating income and expenses, plus and minus non-operating income and expenses .

Attention

In accordance with PBU 18/02 “Accounting for income tax calculations”, this indicator is determined according to accounting rules and is a conditional income tax expense (D-t. 99 K-t. 68). The indicator “Net profit (loss) of the reporting period” is determined as follows: deferred tax liabilities and current income tax are added to profit (loss) before tax.

Explanation of Form 2 profit and loss statement

Article “Exchange differences on transactions in foreign currency” Exchange differences are formed:

when recalculating the balances of funds in foreign currency accounts at the end of the reporting period (except for the balances of advances received or issued in foreign currency). Conversion into rubles is carried out at the official exchange rate of the Bank of Russia for the corresponding currency as of the reporting date;
when recalculating accounts payable and receivable expressed in foreign currency.

To prepare financial statements, funds received and issued advances are assessed in rubles at the rate on the date of transactions in foreign currency without recalculation at the rate on the reporting date.

Rules and procedure for filling out the breakdown of individual profits and losses

Important

In other words, there is a close relationship between the balance sheet and the profit and loss statement, which is expressed through the most important indicator of the financial statements - the financial result of the organization’s economic activities. The increase in balance sheet assets is formed due to the excess of income over expenses, the difference between which is qualified as profit.

The profit received is reflected in the liability side of the balance sheet as an increase in equity capital, and in the income statement as the balance of the excess of expenses over income. Thus, the profit and loss statement shows how the organization's equity capital changes under the influence of income and expenses incurred in the current period.
Nechitailo A.I. Accounting theory.

Profit and loss statement (form No. 2)

Current income tax: income tax for the reporting period for which the profit and loss statement form No. 2 is prepared, generated on the account. 68 “Taxes and fees”. Lines 2421, 2430 and 2450 are filled in if the organization calculates income tax according to PBU 18/02, small businesses may not apply the norms of PBU 18/02 and, accordingly, it will not have records on these lines.

2421 - Constant tax liabilities: if, when determining income tax, discrepancies arise between accounting and tax accounting, then the resulting difference (according to PBU 18/02) is called a permanent difference, and the product of this constant difference by the income tax rate will give the tax amount that will lead to to increase the payment of income tax to the budget.

How to fill out a profit and loss statement (form 2)

Other income: indicate all other income listed on the credit of account 91 minus the amounts of VAT, excise taxes, export duties accounted for in the debit of account 91 and not previously accounted for (lines 2310 and 2320). 2350 Other expenses: indicate all other expenses reflected in the debit of account 91 minus the data in line 2330. 2300 Profit (loss) before tax: calculated using the formula: line 2200 + line 2310 + line 2320 line 2330 + line 2340 line 2350. 2410 Current profit tax: profit tax for the reporting period for which the report form No. 2 is prepared, generated on account 68 “Taxes and fees”. Lines 2421, 2430 and 2450 are filled in if the organization calculates income tax according to PBU 18/02, small businesses may not apply the norms of PBU 18/02 and, accordingly, it will not have records on these lines.

Contents of the profit and loss statement (form No. 2)

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The breakdown of individual profits and losses provides data for the reporting and previous periods on certain types of profits and losses (fines, penalties, penalties; profits (losses of previous years; exchange rate differences on transactions in foreign currency, etc.). Kondrakov N. P. Accounting accounting: textbook.

— P. 604. Based on the above, the report presents the composition of such indicators as: · gross profit; · profit (loss) from sales; · profit (loss) before taxation; · net profit (loss) of the reporting period. The indicator “Gross profit” reflects the difference between the proceeds from the sale of goods, products, works, services minus value added tax, excise taxes and similar mandatory payments and the cost of goods, products, works and services sold.

Filling out form No. 2 “profit and loss statement”

Article “Fines, penalties and penalties recognized or for which decisions of the court (arbitration court) on their collection have been received” This line reflects the amounts of fines, penalties and penalties for violation of the terms of business contracts. These are sanctions recognized by the organization or imposed by a court decision.

Column 3 “Profit” reflects the amount of claims made by the organization to counterparties, and column 4 “Loss” - the amount of claims received by the organization from suppliers (contractors). The amount under the article “Fines, penalties, penalties” is equal to: the debit turnover of account 76.2 “Settlements on claims” in correspondence with account 91 “Other income and expenses” in the event that penalties are imposed by the organization on counterparties; or credit turnover of account 76.2 in correspondence with account 91, if the amount of claims was received by the organization from counterparties.
Income from other organizations: if an organization invests its funds in the authorized capitals of other enterprises, receives some dividends, a percentage of profit, then these incomes are taken into account in the credit of account 91 “Other income and expenses” and should be reflected in this line of form No. 2. 2320 - % receivable: interest on various deposits, deposits, loans, bonds, bills of exchange that are due to the organization to be received is indicated. This data can also be taken from credit 91. 2330 - % payable: interest on loans, borrowings payable by the organization, data to be filled in is taken from debit 91.
2340 - Other income: all other income listed on the account loan is indicated. 91 minus the amounts of VAT, excise taxes, export duties recorded in the debit of the account. 91, and not previously taken into account (2310 and 2320). 2350 - Other expenses: all other expenses reflected in the debit of the account are indicated.

The profit and loss statement does not reflect the overall property and financial position of the organization (the balance sheet does). Profit and Loss Statement shows the economic activities of the organization during the reporting period. According to OKUD, it has form No. 2. All data in the profit and loss report is recorded on an accrual basis from January 1 of the reporting period to December 31.

Tabular part of the profit and loss statement
Line 010 of the company’s profit and loss report indicates the organization’s revenue for its main activities, which are determined by the organization independently (reflected in the charter documents). If an organization regularly receives income in the form of rent and proceeds from the participation of other organizations in the authorized capital, then this income is included in the main income of the organization. This line shows mainly the difference between the credit turnover on account 90 and the credit turnover on account 90 in correspondence with account 68 or the difference on subaccounts (credit turnover on the “Revenue” subaccount of account 90 minus debit turnover on the subaccounts “Export duties”, “Excise duties” and "VAT" invoice 90).
Line 020 of the profit and loss statement indicates all those expenses for the main activities of the organization, the revenue from which is indicated in line 010.
Line 029 of the profit and loss statement is intermediate. It reflects the difference between lines 010 and 020.
Line 030 is filled out in the profit and loss statements if selling expenses are completely written off to the cost of goods sold.
Line 040 of the profit and loss report indicates expenses that are reflected in account 26. These are expenses for business trips, wages, security of the organization and its structural divisions, auditing, etc. These expenses, like commercial expenses, are written off to the cost of production.
Line 050 reflects the difference between line 029 and the sum of lines 030 and 040. A negative difference is indicated in parentheses.
Line 060 of the income statement indicates interest on securities, bonds, bank deposits and loans provided. Income from participation in the authorized capitals of other enterprises is not taken into account in this line.
Line 070 of the profit and loss statement reflects the interest that the organization must pay on loans and borrowings provided to them.
Line 080 indicates income from participation in the authorized capital of other enterprises.
Line 090 of the income statement reflects income that was received otherwise, i.e. does not match any line in the report. Likewise for line 100 (only different expenses).
Line 110 indicates the sum of lines 050 and 090 minus line 100.
Line 120 of the profit and loss statement reflects the difference in debit and credit turnover on account 09. The positive difference is added before tax to profit or subtracted from loss. If the difference turns out to be negative, then it is subtracted from the profit or added to the loss. Similarly for line 121, only the difference is calculated using count 77.
Line 130 of the profit and loss statement reflects the amount of income tax indicated in the income tax return.
Line 140 of the profit and loss statement reflects the net profit (loss) of the enterprise at the end of the reporting year. It should not correspond to the balance sheet line “Retained earnings (uncovered loss).”
The “Reference Data” section in the income statement is filled out only by those organizations that have permanent tax liabilities and assets.
The breakdown of individual profits and losses describes the most significant other income and expenses. Line codes are assigned independently.
Form No. 2 of the profit and loss report is certified by the signatures of the head of the organization and the chief accountant.