Unified State Examination: compulsory subjects for passing the exam. Unified State Exam: required subjects for passing the exam Minimum and passing scores

We are already accustomed to the fact that every new academic year necessarily brings with it something new. Training programs are changing, new teaching requirements are being introduced, methods of presenting material are being updated, and much more. Innovations in assessing student knowledge are not overlooked. What will the 2018 Unified State Exam be like - the most important test for graduates?

There will be no significant changes or innovations in the Unified State Exam 2018. The Minister of Education of Russia O.Yu. Vasilyeva has repeatedly spoken about this. Olga Yuryevna is a supporter of gradual changes, which must be submitted for public discussion. Therefore, everything that is planned will be implemented gradually and systematically.

So, what changes will affect the graduates of 2018?

• The Russian language exam will no longer contain short-answer tasks;
• It will be much easier to test your ability to analyze a work;
• There will be more suggested topics for essays, up to five;
• The minimum number of words in an essay will increase from 200 to 250;
• It is planned to introduce an oral part into the Russian language exam. It is not advisable to completely abandon the test form. But it makes sense to make the exam partly a test and partly with “live” answers. Experts believe that the variety of control forms gives a more complete picture of the graduate’s level of knowledge, and the examinee has the opportunity to demonstrate his abilities in a detailed form;

• A new exam and a new form of conducting it are expected in 2018. A comprehensive exam in natural science, which will include assessment of knowledge in chemistry, physics, biology and geography, will be called integrated. There is no information yet on how the new exam will be structured and what the requirements will be. Yes, this is not the most important thing. To successfully pass the Unified State Exam, knowledge is important, first of all. Therefore, it is better for high school students to lean heavily on natural sciences now and be ready for a new test;
• And the most important change is that the assessment will be carried out according to a five-point system that is familiar to everyone.

Which subjects will be mandatory and which ones are optional?

The list in 2018 is planned to remain the same as in previous years. This means that it is necessary to prepare in the Russian language and mathematics. A subject such as history, which has long been wanted to be made compulsory, will be introduced in 2020.

In the meantime, the third exam can be, at the choice of graduates, history or social studies, physics or chemistry, biology or geography, a foreign language or computer science and ICT, literature. Here, it is important for students to decide as early as possible on the choice of profession and the university to enroll in. The more time you have to prepare, the greater your chances of passing the Unified State Examination well.

There are rumors...

As we see, no special 2018 is expected, especially since this was officially stated in numerous interviews with the Russian Minister of Education. And, nevertheless, different information wanders among the people. Most likely, these are rumors and speculation, but, as they say, there is no smoke without fire. What are teachers, children and their parents gossiping about, what news from “trusted” sources are they discussing?

English will be a compulsory exam in 2018

The question of passing English by eleventh grade graduates has been raised for a long time. The topic is very relevant. The school aims to prepare children for adult life and make them competitive throughout the world. This is impossible without communication skills, and knowledge of a foreign language is a key link in the adaptation of young people.

At the moment, the foreign language is a voluntary exam, and if desired, graduates can choose one of the five languages ​​offered - English, French, German, Spanish and Chinese.

In order for a foreign language to acquire the status of a mandatory Unified State Examination, it is first necessary to improve the level of teaching the subject. So only the Class of 2022 will be the first to take the English proficiency test.

The Unified State Exam will be canceled in 2018

Rumor has it that starting from 2018, the Unified State Exam in the form in which children take it now will be cancelled. Final exams will be held in the traditions of the old school, when for everyone it was not only a test of knowledge, but also a holiday. The Unified State Exam, with its tests, increased tension, and imperfect assessment system, causes a negative attitude not only among schoolchildren, but also among teachers.

And yet no one is going to cancel the Unified State Exam. Transform and improve - yes. The final certification will undergo some changes, as mentioned above, already in 2018.

Pre-exam screening will be further strengthened

Before taking the Unified State Exam, each examinee must undergo an examination. They say that in 2018, in addition to a metal detector and the presence of police, a search will also be added. They will turn out your pockets and inspect your shoes for cheat sheets. These are just rumors that escalate an already nervous situation and cause unjustified fear in children.

But in reality there is nothing scary. Yes, there will be metal detectors at the entrance to the classroom. Surveillance cameras will be installed in corridors and offices. That's all. All these measures are aimed at ensuring that knowledge assessment takes place cleanly and fairly.

It just so happens that the most accurate information about the Unified State Exam becomes known and available only at the beginning of the current academic year. This means that you can expect surprises and surprises.

Video news

It is necessary to carefully monitor changes in the Unified State Exam options: if you do not pay attention to a new criterion or type of task, this will lead to an unfortunate loss of points. We have collected everything new in the Unified State Exam so that graduates know what to prepare for in 2019.

Russian language

What's new?

• Added new task No. 21
• Changed the format of tasks No. 2, 9-12
• Increasing scores on criterion K2 and changing criterion K4 in an essay
• For task No. 1, a maximum of one point is given instead of two.
• Task No. 20 now goes under item No. 6

New task No. 21

It tests the ability to conduct punctuation analysis of a text, that is, explain which punctuation mark needs to be placed and why. It involves searching for constructions with commas, colons and dashes in the proposed text. 1 point is given for a correct solution. The numbers of correct answers can be indicated in any order; their number is limited only by the number of sentences.

In the demo version of the exam, new task No. 21 looks like this:

It is important to pay attention to the task, because graduates consistently perform poorly on punctuation tasks. Most often, problems arise with the rules on the topics “Punctuation in sentences with introductory constructions”, “Punctuation in sentences with homogeneous members”, “Punctuation in complex sentences consisting of several parts”.

Task No. 2

The task has become more complicated; there are no more answer options to choose from. Instead of choosing a word from the proposed list to fill the gap, you will have to select it yourself. The task tests the ability to identify relationships between sentences and use means of communication between them.

Tasks No. 9-12

The changes affected the form of completing the task: instead of writing out words with missing letters, you need to choose the answer option with a number.

On the one hand, it has become simpler - you don’t need to write out a whole word, on the other hand, it has become more complicated, because there can be more than one answer options.

Composition

Now, when writing an essay according to criterion K2 “Commentary on the formulated problem of the source text,” they give 5 points instead of 3.

To get all 5 points you need to:

1. Comment on the author’s position based on the source text
2. Give 2 example illustrations from the text that are important for understanding the problem
3. Explain both examples
4. Identify semantic connections between examples
5. Avoid factual errors related to understanding the problem of the text. For example, if the text raises the problem of creating a reputation, you should not talk about the categories of good and evil

The K4 evaluation criterion has changed. Now there is no need to give arguments from life experience or literary works. Instead of 3 points, they give 1. For the criterion to be counted, it is necessary to express your attitude towards the author’s position, agreeing with him or not, and justify your answer.

Literature

There are no plans for significant changes in the structure and content of the Unified State Examination in literature.

What's new?

The criteria for verification and evaluation in assignments have been clarified:

• No. 8 and 15 - the wording in K1 and the calculation of errors in K2 have been clarified.
• No. 9 and 16 - options for shortcomings in answers have been added to K1 and K2.
• No. 17.1–17.4 in K4 added calculation of logical errors.

Tasks 8 and 15

The point “The answer is meaningfully related to the task” was replaced with “the answer to the question is given”; the essence of the criterion has not changed - the text must be understood correctly, and the author’s position must not be distorted.

Factual errors are taken into account more strictly: if two or more are made, 0 points are given according to the second criterion, 1 point if one error is made, and a maximum of 2 points if there are no errors.

Tasks 9 and 16

These tasks test how well a graduate can compare a proposed work of art with another from the school curriculum. Here, according to the first criterion, you can get a maximum of 2 points if the work is named, the author is indicated, it is compared with the proposed text in a given direction, the position of the author of the work is determined correctly.

The main changes concern what you can get 1 point for: this year it is permissible to compare works in a formal manner, that is, simply repeat the wording of the task.

Tasks 17.1–17.4

In the evaluation criteria, it was clarified for how many logical errors points are reduced. So 0 errors is 3 points according to the criterion, 1-2 errors - 2 points, 3-4 errors - 1 point, more than 4 errors - 0.

Social science

There are no plans for global changes in the structure and content of the Unified State Exam test materials in social studies in 2019.

What's new?

• Assignment No. 25 - the wording of the assignment has been clarified and the assessment system has been changed. The maximum score has been increased from 3 to 4.
• Tasks No. 28, 29 - the wording was clarified, the assessment systems were improved.
• Maximum primary score increased from 64 to 65.

Task No. 25

Unlike last year, the current answer to the task must contain at least three sentences:

• sentences or several sentences revealing the meaning of the concept from the task,
• information about three types of disciplinary sanctions from the social studies course,
• proposals that reveal the essence of the principle of humanism of legal responsibility.

The concept is assessed separately, with a maximum of 2 points; for two other aspects - the proposal - they are also given a maximum of 2 points. If the definition in the first sentence is incorrect, then the second part of the lesson will not be assessed at all.

The answer is not:

• repeat a concept whose meaning must be revealed;
• indicate a feature that is already contained in the wording of the task;
• explain the meaning of a concept through negation, metaphor, allegory;
• use language that distorts the meaning of the concept or its individual aspects;
• use reasoning of everyday rather than social science nature;
• use unused sentences.

Task No. 28

In this task, it is necessary to draw up a complex plan that will reveal the stated topic. As last year, the plan must contain at least three points, but now at least two of them must be described in detail.

To get the maximum score on an assignment:

• the answer must be given in the form of a plan, other forms: text, diagram, table are unacceptable;
• it is necessary to draw up a plan of at least three points;
• at least two points must be described in subparagraphs;
• the plan should cover the topic based on social science knowledge.

Task No. 29

In the task you need to choose one of the proposed statements and write a mini-essay based on it.

This year the wording of the task has been changed:

• In the text of the assignment, instead of the word “problem,” “the main idea of ​​the topic raised by the author” is used - this is done so that graduates do not look for or invent a problem, but focus on the meaning of the statement.
• Expand the idea of ​​the statement based on social science knowledge (concepts and theoretical positions).
• To illustrate, use two or more examples from different sources: public life, media reports; personal experience, including reading and viewing from other academic subjects. Examples should not be of the same type!

The evaluation criteria have become clearer; now it is impossible to get through with an essay that uses phrases and judgments at the everyday level. The main change affected criterion 29.3: now a maximum of 1 point is given for it. Its meaning is that reasoning and conclusions must be consistent, consistent, justified and reliable from the point of view of scientific social science.

Story

What's new?

• In task No. 21, a new requirement for the preparation of the answer has been added, and the criteria for its evaluation have been supplemented.

A clause has been added to the text of the assignment: “When answering, avoid quoting redundant text that does not contain provisions that must be given according to the terms of the assignment.” This is due to the fact that graduates often quoted large chunks of the text given in the assignment. Now, if the answer contains unnecessary information, it will not be counted.

Biology

What's new?

• Task No. 2 has been replaced. Added work with a table instead of a task with multiple choice of the correct answer. Now instead of 2 points they give 1.

• Added variants of the problem on genetics in the form of task No. 6. Here it will be necessary to analyze the pedigree and determine the genotype of the descendant according to the scheme.

• The maximum primary score has decreased by 1 and will be 58 points.

Foreign language

What's new?

• The wording and evaluation criteria for task No. 40 - essay writing - have been clarified. The same thing for which many graduates received 0 points this year.

Now in task No. 40 there are two statements to choose from; graduates must choose only one and write a detailed essay according to plan:

1. in the introduction, identify the problem by paraphrasing the selected statement;
2. express a personal opinion and present 2-3 arguments in support of it;
3. express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 arguments in its favor;
4. explain why you disagree with the opposing opinion;
5. write a conclusion where you reaffirm your opinion.

The topic of the Unified State Exam worries not only graduates, but also their parents and teachers. Work is constantly underway on this system of testing the knowledge of graduates; innovations in the Unified State Exam do not stop and many adjustments are being made. And, of course, you need to study the latest Unified State Exam 2018 news in advance so that you know what to prepare for and not worry.

A couple of years ago there were a lot of rumors about the Unified State Exam in 2018: some wanted to cancel it, others wanted to increase the number of compulsory subjects to six. Schoolchildren complain about the clichéd nature of assignments and the lack of opportunity to show their best sides. Universities are faced with the problem of silent students because students are taught to memorize material and mark the correct option. Therefore, the already famous phrase “forget everything you were taught at school” has a place in universities. It is not yet known for certain how the Unified State Exam will change its appearance in the coming years.

News from 16.03.2018 . State Duma deputies will introduce a bill to abolish the Unified State Exam. This information was received from Boris Chernyshov, deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on Education and Science, co-author of the bill.

But everyone who hoped for the cancellation of the Unified State Exam in 2018 will not be happy. The Ministry of Education and Science does not support such an initiative and states that it is premature to talk about canceling the Unified State Exam.

Unified State Exam 2018 news

There is a new Minister of Education in power, not Dmitry Litvinov, who planned to increase the number of subjects to six by 2018. Vasilyeva, who holds the position of minister, is a supporter of gradual changes, she said that the project to reform the Unified State Examination will continue, but there is no need to be afraid of global changes.

So what changes will there be in the Unified State Exam 2018?

• The number of compulsory disciplines may change.
• One more subject will be added to the existing twelve – Chinese language.
• Mark for the final essay.
• Changes in the structure of CMM options.
• Tightening of examination measures.
• The influence of the exam result on the score in the certificate.

Let's take a closer look at these new provisions.

What compulsory subjects are included in the Unified State Exam 2018?

The number of compulsory exams for grade 11 is constantly changing. Previously, the question “how many subjects should be taken” did not arise among eleventh-graders. The following were and are necessary:

1. Russian language, consisting of two parts;
2. mathematics (since 2015, divided: profile - for those entering technical specialties; basic - for those entering humanitarian specialties).

To obtain a more necessary certificate than a certificate, these two exams must be passed with a positive mark.

The issue of a third compulsory subject has been under consideration for a long time; it is possible that at the end of this academic year, children will have to take three compulsory disciplines.

Candidates for the 2018 mandatory exams vary, but the top leaders are:

• History - even V.V. Putin spoke out in defense of this subject;
• Social studies is the most popular discipline;
• A foreign language in the age of globalization is gaining many supporters;
• Geography is included here for the same reason.

Disputes are ongoing, and accurate information will only be given at the beginning of the school year.

Choose and submit!

Elective subjects are called that because graduates choose them themselves, based on what subjects are required for admission to the desired university. The number of additional disciplines to pass is not limited. Therefore, what to take for the Unified State Exam and how many subjects to take is up to you to decide. There are 12 elective disciplines:

• Humanities: history, social studies, literature

Languages: English, German, French, Spanish.

• Technical sciences: physics, chemistry, biology, computer science and ICT.

In 2018, Chinese was added to the list of elective disciplines.

What innovations will affect the final essay?

The latest news reports that marks will now be given for the final essay. If previously there was only pass/fail, now a five-point scale is used to evaluate essays. The evaluation criteria can be viewed on the FIPI website. You remember that when you apply for an essay, points are added? This could be your ticket to a coveted place at the institute.

Another news: instead of three essay topics, five will now be offered. There is a chance to choose a more interesting or simple one for yourself. But with an increase in the number of topics, the required volume also increases - 250 words instead of 200. Reformers are trying to achieve competent written speech from schoolchildren in this way. The hope that schoolchildren will at least read a few books for the exam does not die.

Tests are removed, creativity is added

Yes, yes, this is exactly what experts were guided by when creating new Unified State Exam KIMs in literature. Assignments with short answers are eliminated, and the length of the essay increases. This discipline is subject to much controversy and is most often subject to reform.

Changes in the Unified State Exam in 2018 also apply to other disciplines. Test tasks that require a simple choice among these options are gradually being removed. There are tasks of medium and high complexity. Exams in biology and social studies were left without a test part; the examinee must himself give a short answer to the question posed. In this way, it is planned to improve the quality of education in the disciplines.

The oral portion of the exam on The Great and Mighty will be coming soon, but don't worry, not this school year. But the point is that the association of the Unified State Exam with a test, where you can tick boxes at random, is being actively removed.

There is also news for those taking computer science: the Unified State Exam will be taken on computers.

Metal detectors didn't help, we'll have to install jammers

According to numerous surveys and studies, many schoolchildren manage to pass exams in the classroom. Cameras, metal detectors, threats, orders from teachers - none of the above stops students. It’s still possible to walk through with a phone and even use it. Therefore, starting from 2018, it is planned to install mobile communication jammers. Rosobrnadzor is determined to tighten measures in the preparation of options and their delivery; approach observers and teachers even more seriously to avoid the possibility of cheating.

Unified State Examination and certificate

Changes in the Unified State Exam also affected the scoring of the certificate. The mark can be either improved or damaged. But there is an advantage to this. For example, you have studied Russian all your life with a solid “4”, and suddenly you write an exam with an “excellent”. Most likely, the teacher will meet you halfway and give you an “A” on your certificate. But we all understand that, in the end, only the teacher decides what mark to give you on your certificate.

Now you know what changes will be in the Unified State Exam 2018 and you can try to use them to your advantage. More detailed information about what the Unified State Exam will be like in 2018 and about innovations in the Unified State Exam will appear in the fall.

When is the exam in 2018?

The exams take place in several stages:

Early

Basic

Additional

How many points should I get in 2018 to get admitted?

To get a certificate, not a certificate, you will need one number of points, and to enter a university another. These two concepts should be distinguished, since the numbers may vary. Every year the “minimum scores” change, depending on how well people pass the test across the country. Therefore, today we can only give approximate Unified State Exam scores:

• mathematics – 27;
• Russian language - 36;
• physics, chemistry, biology – 36;
• history, literature – 32;
• geography – 37;
• computer science and ICT – 40;
• social studies – 42;
• foreign languages ​​- 22.

To obtain a certificate you must have the following number of points:

• Russian language – 24;
• mathematics – 27, or a basic level of 3.

But, if we compare these figures, it becomes obvious that the doors to universities are closed to those who simply sought to somehow obtain a certificate.

…

All students who have entered the 11th grade can only be advised not to hope that the Unified State Exam will be suddenly canceled in 2018, but to take into account the changes in the Unified State Exam in 2018 and get ready to pass. Many leading figures believe that it is this exam that helps young people from the hinterlands make their way to the country's leading universities. If this is so, then the Unified State Exam is live!

The FIPI website already has options for all disciplines. If you are prepared, no changes will affect your results! Good luck!

Every year, one of the most popular topics discussed is the question of innovations in the Unified State Exam in 2019. This is explained by the fact that the event of conducting the final examination plays an important role in the life of every graduate. After all, the future fate of the child as an applicant depends on successfully passing the test.

Interest is also fueled by the fact that this year’s Unified State Exam never repeats the order of the previous year, and this obliges you to be prepared for any surprises.

Despite the different opinions regarding the Unified State Exam, in 2019 you should not hope for its abolition; moreover, preparation should become even more thorough and it is best to start it long before the start - no later than two years.

Due to the fact that the developers of CIMs strive to make the final certification as effective and transparent as possible, and to further expand students’ horizons in the field of knowledge, exam papers are regularly updated with various kinds of changes and additions. Today, rumors that one more discipline will be added to the compulsory disciplines can neither be confirmed nor denied.

Rumors that the Unified State Exam may be canceled

With the beginning of the introduction of the unified state exam into the education system, it caused many disputes and contradictions. On the one hand, its adherents argue that this certification format shows an objective picture of the knowledge students have and the current level of teaching of certain disciplines. In addition, the Unified State Exam allows gifted children to fully express themselves, opening up the possibility of admission to prestigious universities.

Opponents of mandatory certification point to many shortcomings. They also use as arguments the fact that preparing for an exam affects the nervous system of students, since during this period they are exposed to great psychological stress. This may negatively affect their health in the future.

In addition, parents of children emphasize that the level of teaching disciplines at school does not meet the requirements of the Unified State Exam. This leads to the fact that in order to fully prepare for the exam, children are forced to turn to tutors for help and take additional classes for a long time, which not everyone can afford due to their low financial status.

Some opponents consider the testing format unacceptable for our society and advocate the previous form of certification, which corresponds to the Soviet model.

Despite the existing contradictions, officials strongly reject the possibility of canceling the Unified State Exam and declare that they are ready to make the necessary improvements and promise not to stop the improvement process in order to optimize the test.

List of required subjects

Future students need to be prepared for the fact that another subject will be added to the list of compulsory disciplines. The question of this has already been raised several times, exciting the minds of not only students, but their teachers and parents.

It is expected that history will be added to the compulsory subjects – this was stated by the head of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science Olga Vasilyeva. Since experts believe that every self-respecting citizen of the country should be able to understand historical facts and distinguish truth from falsifications. Which, in light of recent events related to the information confrontation between different countries, becomes especially relevant.

In 2020, it is planned to introduce a foreign language as a subject for mandatory certification, as stated by the Minister of Rosobrnadzor Sergei Kravtsov.

List of additional items

A student can choose the following disciplines as an additional subject:

• chemistry;
• geography;

The following foreign languages ​​will be offered to choose from:

• German;
• English;
• French;
• Spanish;
• Chinese.

As for passing a foreign language, it is planned to conduct a trial version with Italian and Japanese. If successful, these languages ​​will also be included in the list of additional subjects.

As before, tests for schoolchildren will begin with the arrival of winter - with the writing of the December essay, which has already become a tradition. Consequently, today’s tenth-graders now need to decide which direction they will choose in order to understand, accordingly, what they have to prepare for.

Changes and additions to the Unified State Exam 2019

The question of the content of exam papers worries future graduates no less than the number of required disciplines. However, it is worth noting that over the past few years, CMMs have not undergone any fundamental changes. According to officials, the same situation will continue in 2019.

It will be possible to talk about specific innovations and additions after the results of the 2018 Unified State Exam become known: they need to be checked, analyzed, after which decisions can be made regarding what type and quantity of changes are required.

Today it is known that the test part of the national exam will be shortened in order to minimize the possibility of cheating and solving tasks by guessing the correct answer. Otherwise, there are grounds for maintaining the previous changes adopted in 2017-2018. In particular:

• There will continue to be an emphasis on unleashing students' creative abilities when developing new CIMs in literature. Presumably they will consist of three blocks. The student will have to show his ability to analyze literary works, his ability to master visual and expressive means of speech. In the third block you will need to write an essay.
• Tickets for the mathematics discipline will contain a larger number of tasks that require deep knowledge of both algebra and geometry.
• Certification in computer science will be carried out using a computer.
• Two days will be allocated for certification in the Russian language; there will be a mandatory oral part - some tests will be replaced by “speaking” in two versions: before the PC and before the commission. It is assumed that this method of delivery will be used as admission to the Unified State Exam.
• In the subject of chemistry, it is planned to increase the number of tasks with complex calculations.
• Biology – an increase in the number of practical problems is expected.

Based on many years of experience of teachers, the following steps of the preparatory stage can be distinguished:

• first of all, it is necessary to already understand which faculty the future applicant will enroll in;
• further, you should familiarize yourself with the list of subjects required to be taken at the selected university;
• visit the official FIPI resource, where you can study information about the proposed changes to the Unified State Exam 2019;
• begin a step-by-step repetition of the necessary topics of the school curriculum, while simultaneously completing assignments, using exam papers for the 2018-2019 year as a trial version.

As practice shows, deep knowledge of the subject alone is not enough to successfully pass the Unified State Exam. A prerequisite is the development of many options for solving problems of a certain type. Only in this case will the student learn to form an optimal solution strategy, which can provide an excellent result.

Self-printing of exam papers

Exam papers for the 2019 national certification will be printed directly in the classroom. All the necessary equipment will be delivered there in advance - it will be possible to scan submitted works. Until the very beginning of the exam, no one will know which tasks have been selected for the CMM; the current date and time will already be indicated on the forms.

This innovation will make certification as objective as possible, eliminate the possibility of various types of falsification, thus depriving unscrupulous teachers of the opportunity to speculate on forms and sell them.

In addition, the availability of printing equipment will eliminate another possible problem - it will provide the necessary amount of exam materials.

Increased retake attempts

Schoolchildren will also be pleased with the following news: experts are working to revise the process of retaking the Unified State Exam. It is quite possible that if the certification result is unsatisfactory, the number of retake attempts will increase from one to two. Moreover, the subject that will need to be retaken can be either mandatory or optional.

It is impossible to say with certainty whether the number of test scores will change. However, we can say with confidence that, as before, there will be a system of minimum and passing scores:

• To obtain a minimum score, it is enough to have theoretical knowledge and practical experience at a basic level;
• passing score – the number of points required for admission to a higher educational institution; information can be found on the official website of the selected institution.